{ "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998", "place": { "id": "6167865", "slug": "toronto", "name": "Toronto", "region": "Ontario, Canada", "country": "CA", "lat": 43.65333, "lon": -79.38389, "elevation_m": 92, "tz": "America/Toronto" }, "year": 1998, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-01-01", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19026, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-01T06:40:08-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-01T11:40:08Z", "ms": 883654808055.4141 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-02T04:33:46-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-02T09:33:46Z", "ms": 883733625708.3112 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-01T06:40:08-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-01T11:40:08Z", "ms": 883654808055.4141 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-02T04:33:46-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-02T09:33:46Z", "ms": 883733625708.3112 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-01T11:57:14-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-01T16:57:14Z", "ms": 883673834207.673 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-01T12:45:14-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-01T17:45:14Z", "ms": 883676714207.673 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-02T11:57:43-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-02T16:57:43Z", "ms": 883760262757.9185 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-02T12:45:43-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-02T17:45:43Z", "ms": 883763142757.9185 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:40 on Thu 1 Jan to 04:34 on Fri 2 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-01T11:40:08Z → 1998-01-02T09:33:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 1st, 11:58–12:46 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19026 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 1 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Thursday 1 January. Caturthī runs from 06:40 on Thu 1 Jan to 04:34 on Fri 2 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-01-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-01-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26890, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-07T16:49:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-07T21:49:30Z", "ms": 884209770012.2968 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-08T15:19:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-08T20:19:06Z", "ms": 884290745666.4689 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-07T16:49:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-07T21:49:30Z", "ms": 884209770012.2968 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-08T15:19:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-08T20:19:06Z", "ms": 884290745666.4689 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-07T07:51:08-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-07T12:51:08Z", "ms": 884177468236.116 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-07T07:51:08-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-07T12:51:08Z", "ms": 884177468236.116 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-08T07:50:56-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-08T12:50:56Z", "ms": 884263856061.1274 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-08T07:50:56-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-08T12:50:56Z", "ms": 884263856061.1274 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:50 on Wed 7 Jan to 15:19 on Thu 8 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-07T21:49:30Z → 1998-01-08T20:19:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:51 on the 7th and 07:51 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26890 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 8 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Putradā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Thursday 8 January. Ekādaśī runs from 16:50 on Wed 7 Jan to 15:19 on Thu 8 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-01-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-01-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10570, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-09T14:02:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-09T19:02:49Z", "ms": 884372569300.5115 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-10T13:04:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-10T18:04:54Z", "ms": 884455493726.7694 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-09T14:02:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-09T19:02:49Z", "ms": 884372569300.5115 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-10T13:04:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-10T18:04:54Z", "ms": 884455493726.7694 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-09T16:58:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-09T21:58:59Z", "ms": 884383139182.6381 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-09T18:57:51-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-09T23:57:51Z", "ms": 884390270525.0331 } }, "covered_min": 119, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-01-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-10T17:00:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-10T22:00:06Z", "ms": 884469605744.6938 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-10T18:58:46-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-10T23:58:46Z", "ms": 884476725598.661 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:03 on Fri 9 Jan to 13:05 on Sat 10 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-09T19:02:49Z → 1998-01-10T18:04:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:59–18:58 on the 9th, 17:00–18:59 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 119 of 119 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 119 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10570 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Friday 9 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Friday 9 January. Trayodaśī runs from 14:03 on Fri 9 Jan to 13:05 on Sat 10 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-01-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25995, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-12T13:14:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-12T18:14:49Z", "ms": 887307289013.9515 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-12T17:02:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-12T22:02:23Z", "ms": 884642542665.3815 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-13T17:03:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-13T22:03:33Z", "ms": 884729012909.5355 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-13T17:03:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-13T22:03:33Z", "ms": 884729012909.5355 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-14T17:04:44-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T22:04:44Z", "ms": 884815484266.9581 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1998-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 00:17 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:04, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:05.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 25995 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Wednesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1998-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1998-01-12", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Bhogi 1998 falls on Tuesday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 00:17 on Wed 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 12 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25995, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-12T13:14:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-12T18:14:49Z", "ms": 887307289013.9515 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-12T17:02:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-12T22:02:23Z", "ms": 884642542665.3815 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-13T17:03:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-13T22:03:33Z", "ms": 884729012909.5355 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-13T17:03:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-13T22:03:33Z", "ms": 884729012909.5355 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-14T17:04:44-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T22:04:44Z", "ms": 884815484266.9581 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 00:17 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:04, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:05.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 25995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1998-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1998-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Pongal 1998 falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 00:17 on Wed 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1008, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-12T13:14:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-12T18:14:49Z", "ms": 887307289013.9515 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-13T00:00:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-13T05:00:00Z", "ms": 884667600000 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:00:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:00:00Z", "ms": 884754000000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:00:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:00:00Z", "ms": 884754000000 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-15T00:00:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-15T05:00:00Z", "ms": 884840400000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 00:17 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Toronto.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · America/Toronto" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 1008 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1998-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1998-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Makara Saṅkrānti 1998 falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 00:17 on Wed 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25995, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-12T13:14:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-12T18:14:49Z", "ms": 887307289013.9515 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-14T00:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z", "ms": 884755007700.2345 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-12T17:02:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-12T22:02:23Z", "ms": 884642542665.3815 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-13T17:03:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-13T22:03:33Z", "ms": 884729012909.5355 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-13T17:03:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-13T22:03:33Z", "ms": 884729012909.5355 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-14T17:04:44-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-14T22:04:44Z", "ms": 884815484266.9581 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1998-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 00:17 on Wed 14 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-14T05:16:48Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:04, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:05.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 25995 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Wednesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1998-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1998-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Mattu Pongal 1998 falls on Thursday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Wednesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 00:17 on Wed 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-01-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13666, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-15T15:27:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-15T20:27:37Z", "ms": 884896057474.9648 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-16T17:35:34-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-16T22:35:34Z", "ms": 884990133576.6034 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-15T15:27:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-15T20:27:37Z", "ms": 884896057474.9648 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-16T17:35:34-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-16T22:35:34Z", "ms": 884990133576.6034 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-15T20:24:43-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-16T01:24:43Z", "ms": 884913882588.8883 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-15T20:24:43-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-16T01:24:43Z", "ms": 884913882588.8883 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-16T21:23:20-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-17T02:23:20Z", "ms": 885003799933.0167 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-16T21:23:20-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-17T02:23:20Z", "ms": 885003799933.0167 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:28 on Thu 15 Jan to 17:36 on Fri 16 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-15T20:27:37Z → 1998-01-16T22:35:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:25 on the 15th and 21:23 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13666 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Thursday 15 January. Caturthī runs from 15:28 on Thu 15 Jan to 17:36 on Fri 16 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-01-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-01-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2960, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-23T06:36:11-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-23T11:36:11Z", "ms": 885555371121.6476 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-24T06:52:57-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-24T11:52:57Z", "ms": 885642777132.4196 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-23T06:36:11-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-23T11:36:11Z", "ms": 885555371121.6476 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-24T06:52:57-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-24T11:52:57Z", "ms": 885642777132.4196 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-23T07:43:07-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-23T12:43:07Z", "ms": 885559386542.7512 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-23T07:43:07-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-23T12:43:07Z", "ms": 885559386542.7512 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-24T07:42:17-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-24T12:42:17Z", "ms": 885645737326.0125 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-24T07:42:17-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-24T12:42:17Z", "ms": 885645737326.0125 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:36 on Fri 23 Jan to 06:53 on Sat 24 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-23T11:36:11Z → 1998-01-24T11:52:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:43 on the 23rd and 07:42 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2960 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 23 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Friday 23 January. Ekādaśī runs from 06:36 on Fri 23 Jan to 06:53 on Sat 24 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-01-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-01-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35744, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-25T06:22:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-25T11:22:45Z", "ms": 885727364850.8756 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-26T05:09:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T10:09:25Z", "ms": 885809364677.783 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-25T06:22:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-25T11:22:45Z", "ms": 885727364850.8756 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-26T05:09:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T10:09:25Z", "ms": 885809364677.783 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-24T17:17:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-24T22:17:27Z", "ms": 885680246628.465 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-24T19:12:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-25T00:12:39Z", "ms": 885687158550.8154 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-25T17:18:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-25T22:18:47Z", "ms": 885766726517.0648 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-25T19:13:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T00:13:41Z", "ms": 885773620679.6404 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:23 on Sun 25 Jan to 05:09 on Mon 26 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-25T11:22:45Z → 1998-01-26T10:09:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:17–19:13 on the 24th, 17:19–19:14 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 115 minutes on the 24th and 115 of 115 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35744 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Sunday 25 January. Trayodaśī runs from 06:23 on Sun 25 Jan to 05:09 on Mon 26 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-01-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2174, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-26T05:09:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T10:09:25Z", "ms": 885809364677.783 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-27T03:19:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-27T08:19:26Z", "ms": 885889165919.7421 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-26T05:09:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T10:09:25Z", "ms": 885809364677.783 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-27T03:19:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-27T08:19:26Z", "ms": 885889165919.7421 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-26T05:45:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T10:45:39Z", "ms": 885811538573.8057 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-26T07:40:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T12:40:33Z", "ms": 885818432736.3812 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-27T05:45:01-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-27T10:45:01Z", "ms": 885897901352.8842 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-27T07:39:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-27T12:39:37Z", "ms": 885904777430.0654 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:09 on Mon 26 Jan to 03:19 on Tue 27 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-26T10:09:25Z → 1998-01-27T08:19:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:46–07:41 on the 26th, 05:45–07:40 on the 27th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 115 of 115 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 115 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2174 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Toronto, 1998: Monday 26 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Yama Tarpaṇa 1998 falls on Monday 26 January. Caturdaśī runs from 05:09 on Mon 26 Jan to 03:19 on Tue 27 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-01-26", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8734, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-26T05:09:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T10:09:25Z", "ms": 885809364677.783 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-27T03:19:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-27T08:19:26Z", "ms": 885889165919.7421 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-26T05:09:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T10:09:25Z", "ms": 885809364677.783 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-27T03:19:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-27T08:19:26Z", "ms": 885889165919.7421 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-26T00:05:40-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T05:05:40Z", "ms": 885791139626.723 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-26T00:53:40-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-26T05:53:40Z", "ms": 885794019626.723 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-27T00:05:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-27T05:05:52Z", "ms": 885877552140.6356 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-27T00:53:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-27T05:53:52Z", "ms": 885880432140.6356 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:09 on Mon 26 Jan to 03:19 on Tue 27 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-26T10:09:25Z → 1998-01-27T08:19:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:06–00:54 on the 25th, 00:06–00:54 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8734 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Monday 26 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Monday 26 January. Caturdaśī runs from 05:09 on Mon 26 Jan to 03:19 on Tue 27 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-01-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2756, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-30T16:39:36-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-30T21:39:36Z", "ms": 886196375689.5344 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-31T13:50:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z", "ms": 886272652199.3063 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-30T16:39:36-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-30T21:39:36Z", "ms": 886196375689.5344 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-31T13:50:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z", "ms": 886272652199.3063 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-30T17:25:32-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-30T22:25:32Z", "ms": 886199131593.7837 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-30T19:18:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T00:18:52Z", "ms": 886205932300.6022 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-31T17:26:53-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T22:26:53Z", "ms": 886285613382.6489 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-31T19:19:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-01T00:19:55Z", "ms": 886292394544.9918 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:40 on Fri 30 Jan to 13:51 on Sat 31 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-30T21:39:36Z → 1998-01-31T18:50:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:26–19:19 on the 30th, 17:27–19:20 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 113 of 113 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 113 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2756 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 30 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Tila Caturthī 1998 falls on Friday 30 January. Caturthī runs from 16:40 on Fri 30 Jan to 13:51 on Sat 31 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3337, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-30T16:39:36-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-30T21:39:36Z", "ms": 886196375689.5344 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-31T13:50:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z", "ms": 886272652199.3063 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-30T16:39:36-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-30T21:39:36Z", "ms": 886196375689.5344 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-31T13:50:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z", "ms": 886272652199.3063 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-30T12:07:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-30T17:07:06Z", "ms": 886180025726.5823 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-30T12:55:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-30T17:55:06Z", "ms": 886182905726.5823 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-31T12:07:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T17:07:15Z", "ms": 886266435138.7856 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-31T12:55:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T17:55:15Z", "ms": 886269315138.7856 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:40 on Fri 30 Jan to 13:51 on Sat 31 Jan.", "fact": "1998-01-30T21:39:36Z → 1998-01-31T18:50:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 30th, 12:07–12:55 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3337 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1998 falls on Saturday 31 January. Caturthī runs from 16:40 on Fri 30 Jan to 13:51 on Sat 31 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3286, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-31T13:50:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z", "ms": 886272652199.3063 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-01T11:12:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-01T16:12:37Z", "ms": 886349557379.0338 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-31T13:50:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z", "ms": 886272652199.3063 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-01T11:12:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-01T16:12:37Z", "ms": 886349557379.0338 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-31T12:07:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T17:07:15Z", "ms": 886266435138.7856 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-31T12:55:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T17:55:15Z", "ms": 886269315138.7856 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-01T12:07:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-01T17:07:24Z", "ms": 886352843711.1375 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-01T12:55:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-01T17:55:24Z", "ms": 886355723711.1375 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 13:51 on Sat 31 Jan to 11:13 on Sun 1 Feb.", "fact": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z → 1998-02-01T16:12:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 31st, 12:07–12:55 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 3286 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śrī Pañcamī 1998 falls on Sunday 1 February. Pañcamī runs from 13:51 on Sat 31 Jan to 11:13 on Sun 1 Feb, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3286, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1998-01-31T13:50:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z", "ms": 886272652199.3063 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-01T11:12:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-01T16:12:37Z", "ms": 886349557379.0338 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-01-31T13:50:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z", "ms": 886272652199.3063 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-01T11:12:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-01T16:12:37Z", "ms": 886349557379.0338 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-01-31T12:07:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T17:07:15Z", "ms": 886266435138.7856 }, "end": { "local": "1998-01-31T12:55:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-01-31T17:55:15Z", "ms": 886269315138.7856 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-01T12:07:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-01T17:07:24Z", "ms": 886352843711.1375 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-01T12:55:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-01T17:55:24Z", "ms": 886355723711.1375 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 13:51 on Sat 31 Jan to 11:13 on Sun 1 Feb.", "fact": "1998-01-31T18:50:52Z → 1998-02-01T16:12:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:07–12:55 on the 31st, 12:07–12:55 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 3286 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vasanta Pañcamī 1998 falls on Sunday 1 February. Pañcamī runs from 13:51 on Sat 31 Jan to 11:13 on Sun 1 Feb, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2730, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1998-02-02T08:49:58-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-02T13:49:58Z", "ms": 886427397572.9373 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-03T06:46:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-03T11:46:47Z", "ms": 886506407292.5029 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-02-02T08:49:58-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-02T13:49:58Z", "ms": 886427397572.9373 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-03T06:46:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-03T11:46:47Z", "ms": 886506407292.5029 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-02T05:40:44-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-02T10:40:44Z", "ms": 886416044152.7999 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-02T07:33:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-02T12:33:26Z", "ms": 886422805511.3761 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-03T05:39:56-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-03T10:39:56Z", "ms": 886502395860.028 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-03T07:32:17-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-03T12:32:17Z", "ms": 886509137166.0117 } }, "covered_min": 67, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 08:50 on Mon 2 Feb to 06:47 on Tue 3 Feb.", "fact": "1998-02-02T13:49:58Z → 1998-02-03T11:46:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:41–07:33 on the 2nd, 05:40–07:32 on the 3rd.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 2nd and 67 of 112 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2730 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 3 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Ratha Saptamī 1998 falls on Tuesday 3 February. Saptamī runs from 08:50 on Mon 2 Feb to 06:47 on Tue 3 Feb and covers 67 of 112 minutes of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-02-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16257, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-02-06T02:57:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-06T07:57:45Z", "ms": 886751864570.0386 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-07T02:32:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-07T07:32:27Z", "ms": 886836747140.0042 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-02-06T02:57:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-06T07:57:45Z", "ms": 886751864570.0386 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-07T02:32:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-07T07:32:27Z", "ms": 886836747140.0042 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-06T07:28:42-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-06T12:28:42Z", "ms": 886768121989.072 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-06T07:28:42-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-06T12:28:42Z", "ms": 886768121989.072 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-07T07:27:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-07T12:27:27Z", "ms": 886854447020.5409 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-07T07:27:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-07T12:27:27Z", "ms": 886854447020.5409 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:58 on Fri 6 Feb to 02:32 on Sat 7 Feb.", "fact": "1998-02-06T07:57:45Z → 1998-02-07T07:32:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:29 on the 6th and 07:27 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16257 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 6 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Jayā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Friday 6 February. Ekādaśī runs from 02:58 on Fri 6 Feb to 02:32 on Sat 7 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-02-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34446, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-02-07T02:32:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-07T07:32:27Z", "ms": 886836747140.0042 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-08T02:33:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-08T07:33:54Z", "ms": 886923234322.569 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-02-07T02:32:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-07T07:32:27Z", "ms": 886836747140.0042 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-08T02:33:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-08T07:33:54Z", "ms": 886923234322.569 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-07T12:07:58-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-07T17:07:58Z", "ms": 886871277532.5205 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-07T12:55:58-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-07T17:55:58Z", "ms": 886874157532.5205 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-08T12:08:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-08T17:08:00Z", "ms": 886957680280.5388 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-08T12:56:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-08T17:56:00Z", "ms": 886960560280.5388 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 02:32 on Sat 7 Feb to 02:34 on Sun 8 Feb.", "fact": "1998-02-07T07:32:27Z → 1998-02-08T07:33:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 7th, 12:08–12:56 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34446 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1998 falls on Saturday 7 February. Dvādaśī runs from 02:32 on Sat 7 Feb to 02:34 on Sun 8 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-02-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25609, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-02-08T02:33:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-08T07:33:54Z", "ms": 886923234322.569 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-09T03:02:38-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-09T08:02:38Z", "ms": 887011357861.7456 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-02-08T02:33:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-08T07:33:54Z", "ms": 886923234322.569 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-09T03:02:38-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-09T08:02:38Z", "ms": 887011357861.7456 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-07T17:36:28-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-07T22:36:28Z", "ms": 886890988044.5002 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-07T19:27:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-08T00:27:06Z", "ms": 886897625705.3054 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-08T17:37:50-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-08T22:37:50Z", "ms": 886977470060.539 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-08T19:28:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-09T00:28:06Z", "ms": 886984086381.9745 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:34 on Sun 8 Feb to 03:03 on Mon 9 Feb.", "fact": "1998-02-08T07:33:54Z → 1998-02-09T08:02:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:36–19:27 on the 7th, 17:38–19:28 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 111 minutes on the 7th and 110 of 110 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25609 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 8 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Sunday 8 February. Trayodaśī runs from 02:34 on Sun 8 Feb to 03:03 on Mon 9 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-02-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24325, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-02-10T03:58:57-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-10T08:58:57Z", "ms": 887101137080.0165 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-11T05:22:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-11T10:22:39Z", "ms": 887192558553.2616 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-02-10T03:58:57-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-10T08:58:57Z", "ms": 887101137080.0165 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-11T05:22:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-11T10:22:39Z", "ms": 887192558553.2616 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-10T12:08:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-10T17:08:03Z", "ms": 887130483380.5332 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-10T12:56:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-10T17:56:03Z", "ms": 887133363380.5332 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-11T12:08:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-11T17:08:04Z", "ms": 887216883755.9153 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-11T12:56:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-11T17:56:04Z", "ms": 887219763755.9153 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 03:59 on Tue 10 Feb to 05:23 on Wed 11 Feb.", "fact": "1998-02-10T08:58:57Z → 1998-02-11T10:22:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:08–12:56 on the 10th, 12:08–12:56 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24325 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1998 falls on Tuesday 10 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 03:59 on Tue 10 Feb to 05:23 on Wed 11 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-02-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27030, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-02-14T11:55:34-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-14T16:55:34Z", "ms": 887475333865.5272 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-15T14:35:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-15T19:35:30Z", "ms": 887571330109.1733 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-02-14T11:55:34-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-14T16:55:34Z", "ms": 887475333865.5272 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-15T14:35:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-15T19:35:30Z", "ms": 887571330109.1733 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-14T21:08:32-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-15T02:08:32Z", "ms": 887508512010.6566 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-14T21:08:32-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-15T02:08:32Z", "ms": 887508512010.6566 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-15T22:06:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-16T03:06:00Z", "ms": 887598360150.1709 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-15T22:06:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-16T03:06:00Z", "ms": 887598360150.1709 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:56 on Sat 14 Feb to 14:36 on Sun 15 Feb.", "fact": "1998-02-14T16:55:34Z → 1998-02-15T19:35:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:09 on the 14th and 22:06 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27030 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 14 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Saturday 14 February. Caturthī runs from 11:56 on Sat 14 Feb to 14:36 on Sun 15 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-02-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-02-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27160, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-02-21T23:33:19-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-22T04:33:19Z", "ms": 888121999022.517 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-22T22:35:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-23T03:35:49Z", "ms": 888204948780.8923 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-02-21T23:33:19-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-22T04:33:19Z", "ms": 888121999022.517 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-22T22:35:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-23T03:35:49Z", "ms": 888204948780.8923 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-22T07:05:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-22T12:05:59Z", "ms": 888149159476.4635 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-22T07:05:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-22T12:05:59Z", "ms": 888149159476.4635 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-23T07:04:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-23T12:04:25Z", "ms": 888235464578.6547 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-23T07:04:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-23T12:04:25Z", "ms": 888235464578.6547 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:33 on Sat 21 Feb to 22:36 on Sun 22 Feb.", "fact": "1998-02-22T04:33:19Z → 1998-02-23T03:35:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:06 on the 22nd and 07:04 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27160 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 22 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Sunday 22 February. Ekādaśī runs from 23:33 on Sat 21 Feb to 22:36 on Sun 22 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-02-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20042, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-02-24T18:32:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-24T23:32:13Z", "ms": 888363133335.2892 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-25T15:40:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-25T20:40:04Z", "ms": 888439204261.8188 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-02-24T18:32:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-24T23:32:13Z", "ms": 888363133335.2892 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-25T15:40:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-25T20:40:04Z", "ms": 888439204261.8188 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-25T00:06:16-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-25T05:06:16Z", "ms": 888383175661.6582 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-25T00:54:16-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-25T05:54:16Z", "ms": 888386055661.6582 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-02-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-26T00:06:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-26T05:06:06Z", "ms": 888469566168.4199 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-26T00:54:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-26T05:54:06Z", "ms": 888472446168.4199 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:32 on Tue 24 Feb to 15:40 on Wed 25 Feb.", "fact": "1998-02-24T23:32:13Z → 1998-02-25T20:40:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:06–00:54 on the 24th, 00:06–00:54 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 20042 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 24 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Mahāśivarātri 1998 falls on Tuesday 24 February. Caturdaśī runs from 18:32 on Tue 24 Feb to 15:40 on Wed 25 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-02-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-02-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1974, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-02-23T20:53:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-24T01:53:26Z", "ms": 888285205559.0162 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-24T18:32:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-24T23:32:13Z", "ms": 888363133335.2892 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-02-23T20:53:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-24T01:53:26Z", "ms": 888285205559.0162 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-24T18:32:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-24T23:32:13Z", "ms": 888363133335.2892 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-23T17:58:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-23T22:58:00Z", "ms": 888274680415.6906 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-23T19:42:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-24T00:42:39Z", "ms": 888280958861.601 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-02-24T17:59:19-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-24T22:59:19Z", "ms": 888361159269.1792 }, "end": { "local": "1998-02-24T19:43:34-05:00", "utc": "1998-02-25T00:43:34Z", "ms": 888367414307.1736 } }, "covered_min": 33, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:53 on Mon 23 Feb to 18:32 on Tue 24 Feb.", "fact": "1998-02-24T01:53:26Z → 1998-02-24T23:32:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:58–19:43 on the 23rd, 17:59–19:44 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 23rd and 33 of 104 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1974 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 24 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-02-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Tuesday 24 February. Trayodaśī runs from 20:53 on Mon 23 Feb to 18:32 on Tue 24 Feb and covers 33 of 104 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-02-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-03-01", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35995, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-01T02:06:18-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-01T07:06:18Z", "ms": 888735977927.5566 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-01T22:58:08-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-02T03:58:08Z", "ms": 888811088161.5114 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-01T02:06:18-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-01T07:06:18Z", "ms": 888735977927.5566 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-01T22:58:08-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-02T03:58:08Z", "ms": 888811088161.5114 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-01T12:06:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-01T17:06:13Z", "ms": 888771973096.8472 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-01T12:54:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-01T17:54:13Z", "ms": 888774853096.8472 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-02T12:06:01-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-02T17:06:01Z", "ms": 888858361300.4241 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-02T12:54:01-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-02T17:54:01Z", "ms": 888861241300.4241 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:06 on Sun 1 Mar to 22:58 on Sun 1 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-01T07:06:18Z → 1998-03-02T03:58:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:06–12:54 on the 1st, 12:06–12:54 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35995 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 1 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Sunday 1 March. Caturthī runs from 02:06 on Sun 1 Mar to 22:58 on Sun 1 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-03-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-03-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30065, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-07T15:05:28-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-07T20:05:28Z", "ms": 889301127887.6189 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-08T15:55:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-08T20:55:15Z", "ms": 889390514642.5881 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-07T15:05:28-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-07T20:05:28Z", "ms": 889301127887.6189 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-08T15:55:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-08T20:55:15Z", "ms": 889390514642.5881 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-07T06:44:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-07T11:44:23Z", "ms": 889271063131.4221 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-07T06:44:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-07T11:44:23Z", "ms": 889271063131.4221 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-08T06:42:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-08T11:42:39Z", "ms": 889357358767.8138 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-08T06:42:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-08T11:42:39Z", "ms": 889357358767.8138 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:05 on Sat 7 Mar to 15:55 on Sun 8 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-07T20:05:28Z → 1998-03-08T20:55:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:44 on the 7th and 06:43 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30065 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 8 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Sunday 8 March. Ekādaśī runs from 15:05 on Sat 7 Mar to 15:55 on Sun 8 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-03-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-03-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-09", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2754, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-09T17:16:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-09T22:16:06Z", "ms": 889481766263.41 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-10T19:03:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-11T00:03:06Z", "ms": 889574585766.9034 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-09T17:16:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-09T22:16:06Z", "ms": 889481766263.41 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-10T19:03:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-11T00:03:06Z", "ms": 889574585766.9034 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-09T18:15:57-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-09T23:15:57Z", "ms": 889485357403.2896 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-09T19:55:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-10T00:55:03Z", "ms": 889491302895.0079 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-10T18:17:12-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-10T23:17:12Z", "ms": 889571832152.3794 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-10T19:55:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-11T00:55:54Z", "ms": 889577753578.3499 } }, "covered_min": 46, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:16 on Mon 9 Mar to 19:03 on Tue 10 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-09T22:16:06Z → 1998-03-11T00:03:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:16–19:55 on the 9th, 18:17–19:56 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 99 of 99 minutes on the 9th and 46 of 99 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2754 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Monday 9 March.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-09", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-09", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Monday 9 March. Trayodaśī runs from 17:16 on Mon 9 Mar to 19:03 on Tue 10 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 46 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-03-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10349, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-03-11T21:10:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-12T02:10:55Z", "ms": 889668655295.15 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-12T23:34:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-13T04:34:09Z", "ms": 889763649216.9136 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-11T21:10:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-12T02:10:55Z", "ms": 889668655295.15 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-12T23:34:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-13T04:34:09Z", "ms": 889763649216.9136 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-11T15:58:14-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-11T20:58:14Z", "ms": 889649893889.616 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-11T18:18:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-11T23:18:27Z", "ms": 889658306650.2305 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-12T15:58:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-12T20:58:52Z", "ms": 889736332069.289 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-12T18:19:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-12T23:19:41Z", "ms": 889744780908.6675 } }, "covered_min": 141, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 21:11 on Wed 11 Mar to 23:34 on Thu 12 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-12T02:10:55Z → 1998-03-13T04:34:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:58–18:18 on the 11th, 15:59–18:20 on the 12th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 140 minutes on the 11th and 141 of 141 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10349 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 12 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Holikā Dahana 1998 falls on Thursday 12 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 21:11 on Wed 11 Mar to 23:34 on Thu 12 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10349, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-03-11T21:10:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-12T02:10:55Z", "ms": 889668655295.15 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-12T23:34:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-13T04:34:09Z", "ms": 889763649216.9136 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-11T21:10:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-12T02:10:55Z", "ms": 889668655295.15 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-12T23:34:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-13T04:34:09Z", "ms": 889763649216.9136 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-11T15:58:14-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-11T20:58:14Z", "ms": 889649893889.616 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-11T18:18:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-11T23:18:27Z", "ms": 889658306650.2305 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-12T15:58:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-12T20:58:52Z", "ms": 889736332069.289 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-12T18:19:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-12T23:19:41Z", "ms": 889744780908.6675 } }, "covered_min": 141, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1998-03-12", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 21:11 on Wed 11 Mar to 23:34 on Thu 12 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-12T02:10:55Z → 1998-03-13T04:34:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:58–18:18 on the 11th, 15:59–18:20 on the 12th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 140 minutes on the 11th and 141 of 141 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10349 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Thursday 12 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 13 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Holī 1998 falls on Friday 13 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Thursday 12 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 21:11 on Wed 11 Mar to 23:34 on Thu 12 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 12th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15892, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1998-03-12T23:34:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-13T04:34:09Z", "ms": 889763649216.9136 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-14T02:07:11-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-14T07:07:11Z", "ms": 889859231205.4902 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-12T23:34:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-13T04:34:09Z", "ms": 889763649216.9136 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-14T02:07:11-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-14T07:07:11Z", "ms": 889859231205.4902 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-13T06:33:50-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-13T11:33:50Z", "ms": 889788830219.5455 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-13T06:33:50-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-13T11:33:50Z", "ms": 889788830219.5455 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-03-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-14T06:32:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-14T11:32:03Z", "ms": 889875123403.2549 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-14T06:32:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-14T11:32:03Z", "ms": 889875123403.2549 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 23:34 on Thu 12 Mar to 02:07 on Sat 14 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-13T04:34:09Z → 1998-03-14T07:07:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:34 on the 13th and 06:32 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 15892 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Toronto, 1998: Friday 13 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vasantotsava 1998 falls on Friday 13 March. Pratipadā runs from 23:34 on Thu 12 Mar to 02:07 on Sat 14 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-03-16", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37320, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-16T07:17:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-16T12:17:47Z", "ms": 890050667246.3726 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-17T09:40:56-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-17T14:40:56Z", "ms": 890145656141.3313 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-16T07:17:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-16T12:17:47Z", "ms": 890050667246.3726 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-17T09:40:56-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-17T14:40:56Z", "ms": 890145656141.3313 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-15T20:55:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-16T01:55:47Z", "ms": 890013347265.1729 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-15T20:55:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-16T01:55:47Z", "ms": 890013347265.1729 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-16T21:53:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-17T02:53:24Z", "ms": 890103203995.0471 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-16T21:53:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-17T02:53:24Z", "ms": 890103203995.0471 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:18 on Mon 16 Mar to 09:41 on Tue 17 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-16T12:17:47Z → 1998-03-17T14:40:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:56 on the 15th and 21:53 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37320 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 16 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Monday 16 March. Caturthī runs from 07:18 on Mon 16 Mar to 09:41 on Tue 17 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-03-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5597, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-20T14:22:40-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-20T19:22:40Z", "ms": 890421760028.5237 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-21T14:42:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-21T19:42:10Z", "ms": 890509330420.6799 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-20T14:22:40-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-20T19:22:40Z", "ms": 890421760028.5237 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-21T14:42:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-21T19:42:10Z", "ms": 890509330420.6799 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-20T12:01:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-20T17:01:23Z", "ms": 890413282754.408 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-20T12:49:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-20T17:49:23Z", "ms": 890416162754.408 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-21T12:01:05-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-21T17:01:05Z", "ms": 890499665020.1425 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-21T12:49:05-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-21T17:49:05Z", "ms": 890502545020.1425 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 14:23 on Fri 20 Mar to 14:42 on Sat 21 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-20T19:22:40Z → 1998-03-21T19:42:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:01–12:49 on the 20th, 12:01–12:49 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 5597 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 21 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śītalāṣṭamī 1998 falls on Saturday 21 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 14:23 on Fri 20 Mar to 14:42 on Sat 21 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-03-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17709, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-23T13:04:43-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-23T18:04:43Z", "ms": 890676283185.0618 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-24T11:09:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-24T16:09:13Z", "ms": 890755753326.3497 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-23T13:04:43-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-23T18:04:43Z", "ms": 890676283185.0618 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-24T11:09:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-24T16:09:13Z", "ms": 890755753326.3497 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-23T06:15:53-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-23T11:15:53Z", "ms": 890651752940.4468 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-23T06:15:53-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-23T11:15:53Z", "ms": 890651752940.4468 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-24T06:14:05-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-24T11:14:05Z", "ms": 890738044686.3406 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-24T06:14:05-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-24T11:14:05Z", "ms": 890738044686.3406 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:05 on Mon 23 Mar to 11:09 on Tue 24 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-23T18:04:43Z → 1998-03-24T16:09:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:16 on the 23rd and 06:14 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17709 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Tuesday 24 March. Ekādaśī runs from 13:05 on Mon 23 Mar to 11:09 on Tue 24 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-03-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-03-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33600, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-25T08:34:44-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-25T13:34:44Z", "ms": 890832884346.017 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-26T05:28:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-26T10:28:10Z", "ms": 890908089848.0469 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-25T08:34:44-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-25T13:34:44Z", "ms": 890832884346.017 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-26T05:28:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-26T10:28:10Z", "ms": 890908089848.0469 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-24T18:34:18-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-24T23:34:18Z", "ms": 890782458036.8883 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-24T20:07:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-25T01:07:22Z", "ms": 890788041826.639 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-25T18:35:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-25T23:35:30Z", "ms": 890868930313.6974 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-25T20:08:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-26T01:08:10Z", "ms": 890874490043.8702 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:35 on Wed 25 Mar to 05:28 on Thu 26 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-25T13:34:44Z → 1998-03-26T10:28:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:34–20:07 on the 24th, 18:36–20:08 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 93 minutes on the 24th and 93 of 93 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33600 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Wednesday 25 March. Trayodaśī runs from 08:35 on Wed 25 Mar to 05:28 on Thu 26 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-03-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-03-26", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4276, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-26T05:28:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-26T10:28:10Z", "ms": 890908089848.0469 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-27T01:57:57-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-27T06:57:57Z", "ms": 890981877010.109 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-26T05:28:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-26T10:28:10Z", "ms": 890908089848.0469 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-27T01:57:57-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-27T06:57:57Z", "ms": 890981877010.109 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-25T23:58:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-26T04:58:59Z", "ms": 890888339301.8456 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-26T00:46:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-26T05:46:59Z", "ms": 890891219301.8456 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-26T23:58:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-27T04:58:41Z", "ms": 890974721353.508 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-27T00:46:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-27T05:46:41Z", "ms": 890977601353.508 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:28 on Thu 26 Mar to 01:58 on Fri 27 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-26T10:28:10Z → 1998-03-27T06:57:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:59–00:47 on the 25th, 23:59–00:47 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4276 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 26 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Thursday 26 March. Caturdaśī runs from 05:28 on Thu 26 Mar to 01:58 on Fri 27 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-03-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20302, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1998-03-27T22:13:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-28T03:13:37Z", "ms": 891054817358.233 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-28T18:25:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-28T23:25:22Z", "ms": 891127521877.926 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-27T22:13:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-28T03:13:37Z", "ms": 891054817358.233 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-28T18:25:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-28T23:25:22Z", "ms": 891127521877.926 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-27T11:59:17-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-27T16:59:17Z", "ms": 891017957406.5844 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-27T12:47:17-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-27T17:47:17Z", "ms": 891020837406.5844 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-28T11:58:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-28T16:58:59Z", "ms": 891104339431.3477 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-28T12:46:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-28T17:46:59Z", "ms": 891107219431.3477 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 22:14 on Fri 27 Mar to 18:25 on Sat 28 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-28T03:13:37Z → 1998-03-28T23:25:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 27th, 11:59–12:47 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20302 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Toronto, 1998: Saturday 28 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1998 falls on Saturday 28 March. Pratipadā runs from 22:14 on Fri 27 Mar to 18:25 on Sat 28 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2371, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-03-29T14:43:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-29T19:43:39Z", "ms": 891200618976.4374 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-30T11:18:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T16:18:52Z", "ms": 891274732176.4891 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-29T14:43:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-29T19:43:39Z", "ms": 891200618976.4374 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-30T11:18:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T16:18:52Z", "ms": 891274732176.4891 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-29T11:58:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-29T16:58:41Z", "ms": 891190721485.2335 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-29T12:46:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-29T17:46:41Z", "ms": 891193601485.2335 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-30T11:58:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T16:58:24Z", "ms": 891277103582.6754 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-30T12:46:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T17:46:24Z", "ms": 891279983582.6754 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 14:44 on Sun 29 Mar to 11:19 on Mon 30 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-29T19:43:39Z → 1998-03-30T16:18:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 29th, 11:58–12:46 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 2371 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Toronto, 1998: Monday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1998 falls on Monday 30 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 14:44 on Sun 29 Mar to 11:19 on Mon 30 Mar, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2371, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-03-29T14:43:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-29T19:43:39Z", "ms": 891200618976.4374 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-30T11:18:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T16:18:52Z", "ms": 891274732176.4891 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-29T14:43:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-29T19:43:39Z", "ms": 891200618976.4374 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-30T11:18:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T16:18:52Z", "ms": 891274732176.4891 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-29T11:58:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-29T16:58:41Z", "ms": 891190721485.2335 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-29T12:46:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-29T17:46:41Z", "ms": 891193601485.2335 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-30T11:58:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T16:58:24Z", "ms": 891277103582.6754 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-30T12:46:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T17:46:24Z", "ms": 891279983582.6754 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 14:44 on Sun 29 Mar to 11:19 on Mon 30 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-29T19:43:39Z → 1998-03-30T16:18:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:59–12:47 on the 29th, 11:58–12:46 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → second-day · margin 2371 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Monday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1998 falls on Monday 30 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 14:44 on Sun 29 Mar to 11:19 on Mon 30 Mar, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-03-30", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2371, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-30T11:18:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T16:18:52Z", "ms": 891274732176.4891 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-31T08:20:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-31T13:20:54Z", "ms": 891350453887.716 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-30T11:18:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T16:18:52Z", "ms": 891274732176.4891 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-31T08:20:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-31T13:20:54Z", "ms": 891350453887.716 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-30T11:58:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T16:58:24Z", "ms": 891277103582.6754 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-30T12:46:24-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-30T17:46:24Z", "ms": 891279983582.6754 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-31T11:58:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-31T16:58:06Z", "ms": 891363485738.7646 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-31T12:46:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-31T17:46:06Z", "ms": 891366365738.7646 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:19 on Mon 30 Mar to 08:21 on Tue 31 Mar.", "fact": "1998-03-30T16:18:52Z → 1998-03-31T13:20:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 30th, 11:58–12:46 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2371 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Monday 30 March. Caturthī runs from 11:19 on Mon 30 Mar to 08:21 on Tue 31 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-03-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-03-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13032, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1998-03-31T08:20:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-31T13:20:54Z", "ms": 891350453887.716 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-01T05:58:32-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-01T10:58:32Z", "ms": 891428312253.3185 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-03-31T08:20:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-31T13:20:54Z", "ms": 891350453887.716 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-01T05:58:32-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-01T10:58:32Z", "ms": 891428312253.3185 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-03-31T11:58:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-31T16:58:06Z", "ms": 891363485738.7646 }, "end": { "local": "1998-03-31T12:46:06-05:00", "utc": "1998-03-31T17:46:06Z", "ms": 891366365738.7646 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-01T11:57:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-01T16:57:48Z", "ms": 891449867969.4739 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-01T12:45:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-01T17:45:48Z", "ms": 891452747969.4739 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 08:21 on Tue 31 Mar to 05:59 on Wed 1 Apr.", "fact": "1998-03-31T13:20:54Z → 1998-04-01T10:58:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 31st, 11:58–12:46 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13032 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 31 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-03-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1998 falls on Tuesday 31 March. Pañcamī runs from 08:21 on Tue 31 Mar to 05:59 on Wed 1 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30652, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-03T03:26:21-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-03T08:26:21Z", "ms": 891591980615.9865 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-04T03:22:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-04T08:22:25Z", "ms": 891678144832.636 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-03T03:26:21-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-03T08:26:21Z", "ms": 891591980615.9865 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-04T03:22:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-04T08:22:25Z", "ms": 891678144832.636 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-03T11:57:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-03T16:57:13Z", "ms": 891622632724.5679 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-03T12:45:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-03T17:45:13Z", "ms": 891625512724.5679 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-04T11:56:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-04T16:56:55Z", "ms": 891709015286.012 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-04T12:44:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-04T17:44:55Z", "ms": 891711895286.012 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 03:26 on Fri 3 Apr to 03:22 on Sat 4 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-03T08:26:21Z → 1998-04-04T08:22:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 3rd, 11:57–12:45 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30652 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Toronto, 1998: Friday 3 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Bhavānī Utpatti 1998 falls on Friday 3 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 03:26 on Fri 3 Apr to 03:22 on Sat 4 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28307, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-04T03:22:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-04T08:22:25Z", "ms": 891678144832.636 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-05T05:04:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-05T09:04:51Z", "ms": 891767090936.9031 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-04T03:22:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-04T08:22:25Z", "ms": 891678144832.636 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-05T05:04:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-05T09:04:51Z", "ms": 891767090936.9031 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-04T11:56:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-04T16:56:55Z", "ms": 891709015286.012 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-04T12:44:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-04-04T17:44:55Z", "ms": 891711895286.012 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-05T12:56:38-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-05T16:56:38Z", "ms": 891795397995.791 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-05T13:44:38-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-05T17:44:38Z", "ms": 891798277995.791 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 03:22 on Sat 4 Apr to 05:05 on Sun 5 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-04T08:22:25Z → 1998-04-05T09:04:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 4th, 12:57–13:45 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28307 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 4 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Rāma Navamī 1998 falls on Saturday 4 April. Navamī runs from 03:22 on Sat 4 Apr to 05:05 on Sun 5 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-04-07", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1368, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-06T06:28:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-06T10:28:02Z", "ms": 891858482474.2167 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-07T08:23:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-07T12:23:45Z", "ms": 891951824586.7106 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-06T06:28:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-06T10:28:02Z", "ms": 891858482474.2167 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-07T08:23:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-07T12:23:45Z", "ms": 891951824586.7106 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-06T06:50:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-06T10:50:50Z", "ms": 891859849975.9257 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-06T06:50:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-06T10:50:50Z", "ms": 891859849975.9257 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-07T06:49:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-07T10:49:05Z", "ms": 891946144673.7125 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-07T06:49:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-07T10:49:05Z", "ms": 891946144673.7125 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:28 on Mon 6 Apr to 08:24 on Tue 7 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-06T10:28:02Z → 1998-04-07T12:23:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:51 on the 6th and 06:49 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1368 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 7 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Tuesday 7 April. Ekādaśī runs from 06:28 on Mon 6 Apr to 08:24 on Tue 7 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-04-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1109, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-08T10:42:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-08T14:42:18Z", "ms": 892046538073.9238 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-09T13:14:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T17:14:00Z", "ms": 892142040067.6918 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-08T10:42:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-08T14:42:18Z", "ms": 892046538073.9238 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-09T13:14:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T17:14:00Z", "ms": 892142040067.6918 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-08T12:55:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-08T16:55:47Z", "ms": 892054547214.0669 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-08T13:43:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-08T17:43:47Z", "ms": 892057427214.0669 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-09T12:55:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T16:55:31Z", "ms": 892140930716.7484 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-09T13:43:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T17:43:31Z", "ms": 892143810716.7484 } }, "covered_min": 18, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:42 on Wed 8 Apr to 13:14 on Thu 9 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-08T14:42:18Z → 1998-04-09T17:14:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:56–13:44 on the 8th, 12:56–13:44 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 18 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1109 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1998 falls on Wednesday 8 April. Trayodaśī runs from 10:42 on Wed 8 Apr to 13:14 on Thu 9 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 18 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-04-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23966, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-08T10:42:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-08T14:42:18Z", "ms": 892046538073.9238 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-09T13:14:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T17:14:00Z", "ms": 892142040067.6918 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-08T10:42:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-08T14:42:18Z", "ms": 892046538073.9238 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-09T13:14:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T17:14:00Z", "ms": 892142040067.6918 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-08T19:52:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-08T23:52:15Z", "ms": 892079534615.6112 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-08T21:19:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T01:19:21Z", "ms": 892084761390.2695 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-09T19:53:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T23:53:26Z", "ms": 892166006007.948 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-09T21:20:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-10T01:20:09Z", "ms": 892171209413.0453 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:42 on Wed 8 Apr to 13:14 on Thu 9 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-08T14:42:18Z → 1998-04-09T17:14:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:52–21:19 on the 8th, 19:53–21:20 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 87 of 87 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 87 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23966 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Wednesday 8 April. Trayodaśī runs from 10:42 on Wed 8 Apr to 13:14 on Thu 9 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-04-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1109, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-09T13:14:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T17:14:00Z", "ms": 892142040067.6918 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-10T15:50:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-10T19:50:07Z", "ms": 892237807461.4747 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-09T13:14:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T17:14:00Z", "ms": 892142040067.6918 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-10T15:50:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-10T19:50:07Z", "ms": 892237807461.4747 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-09T12:55:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T16:55:31Z", "ms": 892140930716.7484 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-09T13:43:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-09T17:43:31Z", "ms": 892143810716.7484 } }, "covered_min": 30, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-10T12:55:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-10T16:55:14Z", "ms": 892227314467.8383 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-10T13:43:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-10T17:43:14Z", "ms": 892230194467.8383 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:14 on Thu 9 Apr to 15:50 on Fri 10 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-09T17:14:00Z → 1998-04-10T19:50:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:56–13:44 on the 9th, 12:55–13:43 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 30 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1109 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1998 falls on Friday 10 April. Caturdaśī runs from 13:14 on Thu 9 Apr to 15:50 on Fri 10 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 30 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7613, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-04-10T15:50:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-10T19:50:07Z", "ms": 892237807461.4747 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-11T18:23:28-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-11T22:23:28Z", "ms": 892333408016.9788 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-10T15:50:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-10T19:50:07Z", "ms": 892237807461.4747 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-11T18:23:28-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-11T22:23:28Z", "ms": 892333408016.9788 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-10T12:55:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-10T16:55:14Z", "ms": 892227314467.8383 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-10T13:43:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-10T17:43:14Z", "ms": 892230194467.8383 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-11T12:54:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-11T16:54:58Z", "ms": 892313698487.2185 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-11T13:42:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-11T17:42:58Z", "ms": 892316578487.2185 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 15:50 on Fri 10 Apr to 18:23 on Sat 11 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-10T19:50:07Z → 1998-04-11T22:23:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 10th, 12:55–13:43 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7613 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1998 falls on Saturday 11 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 15:50 on Fri 10 Apr to 18:23 on Sat 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39812, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1998-04-13T19:33:30-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-13T23:33:30Z", "ms": 892510409679.8329 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-14T16:24:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-14T20:24:52Z", "ms": 895177492416.1575 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1998-04-13T19:33:30-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-13T23:33:30Z", "ms": 892510409679.8329 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-13T19:33:30-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-13T23:33:30Z", "ms": 892510409679.8329 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-13T06:38:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-13T10:38:43Z", "ms": 892463923290.2964 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-14T06:37:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-14T10:37:02Z", "ms": 892550221778.7535 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1438, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-14T06:37:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-14T10:37:02Z", "ms": 892550221778.7535 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-15T06:35:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-15T10:35:21Z", "ms": 892636520944.254 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1438, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 19:33 on Mon 13 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-13T23:33:30Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:39 on the 13th, and from 06:37 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 39812 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1998-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1998-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vaiśākhī 1998 falls on Monday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 19:33 on Mon 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-04-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7861, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-15T00:54:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-15T04:54:03Z", "ms": 892616043295.6448 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-16T02:26:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-16T06:26:25Z", "ms": 892707984738.5857 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-15T00:54:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-15T04:54:03Z", "ms": 892616043295.6448 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-16T02:26:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-16T06:26:25Z", "ms": 892707984738.5857 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-14T22:43:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-15T02:43:02Z", "ms": 892608181884.0449 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-14T22:43:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-15T02:43:02Z", "ms": 892608181884.0449 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-15T23:39:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-16T03:39:57Z", "ms": 892697996521.7859 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-15T23:39:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-16T03:39:57Z", "ms": 892697996521.7859 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:54 on Wed 15 Apr to 02:26 on Thu 16 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-15T04:54:03Z → 1998-04-16T06:26:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:43 on the 14th and 23:40 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7861 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Wednesday 15 April. Caturthī runs from 00:54 on Wed 15 Apr to 02:26 on Thu 16 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-04-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-04-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22305, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-22T00:12:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-22T04:12:12Z", "ms": 893218332091.2235 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-22T21:38:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-23T01:38:45Z", "ms": 893295524740.2178 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-22T00:12:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-22T04:12:12Z", "ms": 893218332091.2235 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-22T21:38:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-23T01:38:45Z", "ms": 893295524740.2178 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-22T06:23:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-22T10:23:57Z", "ms": 893240636939.8488 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-22T06:23:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-22T10:23:57Z", "ms": 893240636939.8488 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-23T06:22:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-23T10:22:23Z", "ms": 893326942752.171 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-23T06:22:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-23T10:22:23Z", "ms": 893326942752.171 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:12 on Wed 22 Apr to 21:39 on Wed 22 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-22T04:12:12Z → 1998-04-23T01:38:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:24 on the 22nd and 06:22 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22305 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Wednesday 22 April. Ekādaśī runs from 00:12 on Wed 22 Apr to 21:39 on Wed 22 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-04-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-04-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5715, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-23T18:34:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-23T22:34:51Z", "ms": 893370891305.8745 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-24T15:07:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-24T19:07:53Z", "ms": 893444873019.3925 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-23T18:34:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-23T22:34:51Z", "ms": 893370891305.8745 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-24T15:07:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-24T19:07:53Z", "ms": 893444873019.3925 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-23T20:10:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-24T00:10:06Z", "ms": 893376605835.8218 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-23T21:31:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-24T01:31:32Z", "ms": 893381491663.6589 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-24T20:11:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-25T00:11:17Z", "ms": 893463077206.7115 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-24T21:32:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-25T01:32:21Z", "ms": 893467941225.5098 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:35 on Thu 23 Apr to 15:08 on Fri 24 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-23T22:34:51Z → 1998-04-24T19:07:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:10–21:32 on the 23rd, 20:11–21:32 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 81 of 81 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 81 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5715 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 23 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Thursday 23 April. Trayodaśī runs from 18:35 on Thu 23 Apr to 15:08 on Fri 24 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-04-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-04-24", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35004, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-24T15:07:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-24T19:07:53Z", "ms": 893444873019.3925 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-25T11:26:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-25T15:26:43Z", "ms": 893518003188.5973 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-24T15:07:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-24T19:07:53Z", "ms": 893444873019.3925 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-25T11:26:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-25T15:26:43Z", "ms": 893518003188.5973 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-25T00:51:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-25T04:51:17Z", "ms": 893479877277.2046 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-25T01:39:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-25T05:39:17Z", "ms": 893482757277.2046 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-26T00:51:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-26T04:51:07Z", "ms": 893566267355.3276 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-26T01:39:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-26T05:39:07Z", "ms": 893569147355.3276 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:08 on Fri 24 Apr to 11:27 on Sat 25 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-24T19:07:53Z → 1998-04-25T15:26:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:51–01:39 on the 24th, 00:51–01:39 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35004 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Friday 24 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Friday 24 April. Caturdaśī runs from 15:08 on Fri 24 Apr to 11:27 on Sat 25 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-04-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20018, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-04-28T00:41:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T04:41:09Z", "ms": 893738469430.5802 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-28T21:47:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T01:47:56Z", "ms": 893814476133.0571 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-28T00:41:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T04:41:09Z", "ms": 893738469430.5802 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-28T21:47:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T01:47:56Z", "ms": 893814476133.0571 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-28T06:14:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T10:14:47Z", "ms": 893758487118.1101 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-28T10:55:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T14:55:12Z", "ms": 893775312047.9578 } }, "covered_min": 280, "window_min": 280, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-29T06:13:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T10:13:19Z", "ms": 893844799262.3794 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-29T10:54:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T14:54:37Z", "ms": 893861677101.6448 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 281, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 00:41 on Tue 28 Apr to 21:48 on Tue 28 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-28T04:41:09Z → 1998-04-29T01:47:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:15–10:55 on the 28th, 06:13–10:55 on the 29th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 280 of 280 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 281 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20018 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 28 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1998 falls on Tuesday 28 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 00:41 on Tue 28 Apr to 21:48 on Tue 28 Apr and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 736, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-04-28T00:41:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T04:41:09Z", "ms": 893738469430.5802 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-28T21:47:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T01:47:56Z", "ms": 893814476133.0571 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-28T00:41:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T04:41:09Z", "ms": 893738469430.5802 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-28T21:47:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T01:47:56Z", "ms": 893814476133.0571 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-27T20:14:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T00:14:51Z", "ms": 893722490891.5419 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-27T21:34:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T01:34:50Z", "ms": 893727290388.4176 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-28T20:16:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T00:16:02Z", "ms": 893808961907.6531 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-28T21:35:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T01:35:40Z", "ms": 893813740221.6166 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 00:41 on Tue 28 Apr to 21:48 on Tue 28 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-28T04:41:09Z → 1998-04-29T01:47:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:15–21:35 on the 27th, 20:16–21:36 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 80 minutes on the 27th and 80 of 80 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 736 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 28 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1998 falls on Tuesday 28 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 00:41 on Tue 28 Apr to 21:48 on Tue 28 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-04-29", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21200, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-28T21:47:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T01:47:56Z", "ms": 893814476133.0571 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-29T19:32:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T23:32:36Z", "ms": 893892756031.4309 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-28T21:47:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T01:47:56Z", "ms": 893814476133.0571 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-29T19:32:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T23:32:36Z", "ms": 893892756031.4309 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-28T12:51:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T16:51:25Z", "ms": 893782284512.8816 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-28T13:39:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-28T17:39:25Z", "ms": 893785164512.8816 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-29T12:51:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T16:51:16Z", "ms": 893868676021.2773 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-29T13:39:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T17:39:16Z", "ms": 893871556021.2773 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:48 on Tue 28 Apr to 19:33 on Wed 29 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-29T01:47:56Z → 1998-04-29T23:32:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 28th, 12:51–13:39 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21200 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Wednesday 29 April. Caturthī runs from 21:48 on Tue 28 Apr to 19:33 on Wed 29 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-04-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-04-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15837, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1998-04-29T19:32:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T23:32:36Z", "ms": 893892756031.4309 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-30T18:03:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-30T22:03:05Z", "ms": 893973784936.6774 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-04-29T19:32:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T23:32:36Z", "ms": 893892756031.4309 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-30T18:03:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-30T22:03:05Z", "ms": 893973784936.6774 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-29T12:51:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T16:51:16Z", "ms": 893868676021.2773 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-29T13:39:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-29T17:39:16Z", "ms": 893871556021.2773 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-04-30T12:51:08-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-30T16:51:08Z", "ms": 893955068027.8887 }, "end": { "local": "1998-04-30T13:39:08-04:00", "utc": "1998-04-30T17:39:08Z", "ms": 893957948027.8887 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 19:33 on Wed 29 Apr to 18:03 on Thu 30 Apr.", "fact": "1998-04-29T23:32:36Z → 1998-04-30T22:03:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 29th, 12:51–13:39 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15837 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 30 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-04-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1998 falls on Thursday 30 April. Pañcamī runs from 19:33 on Wed 29 Apr to 18:03 on Thu 30 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13529, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-01T17:24:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-01T21:24:29Z", "ms": 894057869483.2699 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-02T17:38:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-02T21:38:07Z", "ms": 894145087161.2711 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-01T17:24:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-01T21:24:29Z", "ms": 894057869483.2699 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-02T17:38:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-02T21:38:07Z", "ms": 894145087161.2711 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-01T12:51:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-01T16:51:01Z", "ms": 894041460537.7864 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-01T13:39:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-01T17:39:01Z", "ms": 894044340537.7864 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-05-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-02T12:50:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-02T16:50:54Z", "ms": 894127853556.8032 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-02T13:38:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-02T17:38:54Z", "ms": 894130733556.8032 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 17:24 on Fri 1 May to 17:38 on Sat 2 May.", "fact": "1998-05-01T21:24:29Z → 1998-05-02T21:38:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 1st, 12:51–13:39 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13529 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 2 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1998 falls on Saturday 2 May. Saptamī runs from 17:24 on Fri 1 May to 17:38 on Sat 2 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-05-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17524, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-05T22:38:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-06T02:38:55Z", "ms": 894422334566.3336 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-07T01:10:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T05:10:17Z", "ms": 894517816949.0629 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-05T22:38:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-06T02:38:55Z", "ms": 894422334566.3336 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-07T01:10:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T05:10:17Z", "ms": 894517816949.0629 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-06T06:03:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-06T10:03:39Z", "ms": 894449018754.743 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-06T06:03:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-06T10:03:39Z", "ms": 894449018754.743 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-07T06:02:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T10:02:21Z", "ms": 894535341173.116 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-07T06:02:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T10:02:21Z", "ms": 894535341173.116 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:39 on Tue 5 May to 01:10 on Thu 7 May.", "fact": "1998-05-06T02:38:55Z → 1998-05-07T05:10:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:04 on the 6th and 06:02 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17524 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Wednesday 6 May. Ekādaśī runs from 22:39 on Tue 5 May to 01:10 on Thu 7 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-05-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32649, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-07T01:10:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T05:10:17Z", "ms": 894517816949.0629 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-08T03:46:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T07:46:14Z", "ms": 894613573611.0115 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-07T01:10:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T05:10:17Z", "ms": 894517816949.0629 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-08T03:46:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T07:46:14Z", "ms": 894613573611.0115 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-07T12:50:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T16:50:27Z", "ms": 894559826502.0569 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-07T13:38:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T17:38:27Z", "ms": 894562706502.0569 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-08T12:50:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T16:50:23Z", "ms": 894646222701.9316 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-08T13:38:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T17:38:23Z", "ms": 894649102701.9316 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 01:10 on Thu 7 May to 03:46 on Fri 8 May.", "fact": "1998-05-07T05:10:17Z → 1998-05-08T07:46:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:50–13:38 on the 7th, 12:50–13:38 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32649 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 7 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1998 falls on Thursday 7 May. Dvādaśī runs from 01:10 on Thu 7 May to 03:46 on Fri 8 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32649, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-07T01:10:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T05:10:17Z", "ms": 894517816949.0629 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-08T03:46:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T07:46:14Z", "ms": 894613573611.0115 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-07T01:10:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T05:10:17Z", "ms": 894517816949.0629 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-08T03:46:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T07:46:14Z", "ms": 894613573611.0115 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-07T12:50:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T16:50:27Z", "ms": 894559826502.0569 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-07T13:38:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-07T17:38:27Z", "ms": 894562706502.0569 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-08T12:50:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T16:50:23Z", "ms": 894646222701.9316 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-08T13:38:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T17:38:23Z", "ms": 894649102701.9316 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 01:10 on Thu 7 May to 03:46 on Fri 8 May.", "fact": "1998-05-07T05:10:17Z → 1998-05-08T07:46:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:50–13:38 on the 7th, 12:50–13:38 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 32649 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 7 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1998 falls on Thursday 7 May. Dvādaśī runs from 01:10 on Thu 7 May to 03:46 on Fri 8 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-05-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21785, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-08T03:46:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T07:46:14Z", "ms": 894613573611.0115 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-09T06:16:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-09T10:16:05Z", "ms": 894708964981.4753 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-08T03:46:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T07:46:14Z", "ms": 894613573611.0115 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-09T06:16:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-09T10:16:05Z", "ms": 894708964981.4753 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-07T20:26:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T00:26:32Z", "ms": 894587191830.9978 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-07T21:43:08-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-08T01:43:08Z", "ms": 894591788258.348 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-08T20:27:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-09T00:27:40Z", "ms": 894673660367.7393 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-08T21:43:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-09T01:43:58Z", "ms": 894678237702.6891 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:46 on Fri 8 May to 06:16 on Sat 9 May.", "fact": "1998-05-08T07:46:14Z → 1998-05-09T10:16:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:27–21:43 on the 7th, 20:28–21:44 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 77 minutes on the 7th and 76 of 76 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21785 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Friday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Friday 8 May. Trayodaśī runs from 03:46 on Fri 8 May to 06:16 on Sat 9 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-05-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30727, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-09T06:16:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-09T10:16:05Z", "ms": 894708964981.4753 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-10T08:32:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T12:32:05Z", "ms": 894803524613.9907 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-09T06:16:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-09T10:16:05Z", "ms": 894708964981.4753 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-10T08:32:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T12:32:05Z", "ms": 894803524613.9907 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-08T20:27:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-09T00:27:40Z", "ms": 894673660367.7393 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-08T21:43:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-09T01:43:58Z", "ms": 894678237702.6891 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-09T20:28:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T00:28:49Z", "ms": 894760128522.0231 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-09T21:44:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T01:44:47Z", "ms": 894764687017.8076 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 06:16 on Sat 9 May to 08:32 on Sun 10 May.", "fact": "1998-05-09T10:16:05Z → 1998-05-10T12:32:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:28–21:44 on the 8th, 20:29–21:45 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 76 minutes on the 8th and 76 of 76 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30727 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1998 falls on Saturday 9 May. Caturdaśī runs from 06:16 on Sat 9 May to 08:32 on Sun 10 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8454, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-05-10T08:32:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T12:32:05Z", "ms": 894803524613.9907 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-11T10:29:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-11T14:29:21Z", "ms": 894896960874.5787 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-10T08:32:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T12:32:05Z", "ms": 894803524613.9907 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-11T10:29:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-11T14:29:21Z", "ms": 894896960874.5787 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-10T12:50:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T16:50:17Z", "ms": 894819016753.4934 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-10T13:38:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T17:38:17Z", "ms": 894821896753.4934 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-11T12:50:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-11T16:50:15Z", "ms": 894905414613.4651 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-11T13:38:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-11T17:38:15Z", "ms": 894908294613.4651 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:32 on Sun 10 May to 10:29 on Mon 11 May.", "fact": "1998-05-10T12:32:05Z → 1998-05-11T14:29:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:50–13:38 on the 10th, 12:50–13:38 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8454 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1998 falls on Sunday 10 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 08:32 on Sun 10 May to 10:29 on Mon 11 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8454, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-05-10T08:32:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T12:32:05Z", "ms": 894803524613.9907 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-11T10:29:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-11T14:29:21Z", "ms": 894896960874.5787 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-10T08:32:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T12:32:05Z", "ms": 894803524613.9907 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-11T10:29:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-11T14:29:21Z", "ms": 894896960874.5787 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-10T12:50:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T16:50:17Z", "ms": 894819016753.4934 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-10T13:38:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-10T17:38:17Z", "ms": 894821896753.4934 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-11T12:50:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-11T16:50:15Z", "ms": 894905414613.4651 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-11T13:38:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-11T17:38:15Z", "ms": 894908294613.4651 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:32 on Sun 10 May to 10:29 on Mon 11 May.", "fact": "1998-05-10T12:32:05Z → 1998-05-11T14:29:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:50–13:38 on the 10th, 12:50–13:38 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8454 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1998 falls on Sunday 10 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 08:32 on Sun 10 May to 10:29 on Mon 11 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-05-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33363, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-14T14:09:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-14T18:09:16Z", "ms": 895169355686.686 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-15T14:35:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-15T18:35:37Z", "ms": 895257336707.7429 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-14T14:09:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-14T18:09:16Z", "ms": 895169355686.686 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-15T14:35:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-15T18:35:37Z", "ms": 895257336707.7429 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-14T23:25:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-15T03:25:19Z", "ms": 895202718767.479 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-14T23:25:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-15T03:25:19Z", "ms": 895202718767.479 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-16T00:15:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-16T04:15:17Z", "ms": 895292116960.1116 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-16T00:15:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-16T04:15:17Z", "ms": 895292116960.1116 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:09 on Thu 14 May to 14:36 on Fri 15 May.", "fact": "1998-05-14T18:09:16Z → 1998-05-15T18:35:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:25 on the 14th and 00:15 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33363 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Thursday 14 May. Caturthī runs from 14:09 on Thu 14 May to 14:36 on Fri 15 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-05-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-05-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4127, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-21T07:27:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-21T11:27:04Z", "ms": 895750024427.4685 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-22T04:37:24-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-22T08:37:24Z", "ms": 895826244036.4429 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-21T07:27:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-21T11:27:04Z", "ms": 895750024427.4685 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-22T04:37:24-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-22T08:37:24Z", "ms": 895826244036.4429 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-21T05:47:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-21T09:47:03Z", "ms": 895744022942.1322 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-21T05:47:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-21T09:47:03Z", "ms": 895744022942.1322 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-22T05:46:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-22T09:46:11Z", "ms": 895830370717.8732 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-22T05:46:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-22T09:46:11Z", "ms": 895830370717.8732 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:27 on Thu 21 May to 04:37 on Fri 22 May.", "fact": "1998-05-21T11:27:04Z → 1998-05-22T08:37:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:47 on the 21st and 05:46 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 4127 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 21 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Aparā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Thursday 21 May. Ekādaśī runs from 07:27 on Thu 21 May to 04:37 on Fri 22 May, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-05-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-05-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 788, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-23T01:28:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-23T05:28:51Z", "ms": 895901330827.1864 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-23T22:09:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T02:09:00Z", "ms": 895975739599.6908 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-23T01:28:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-23T05:28:51Z", "ms": 895901330827.1864 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-23T22:09:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T02:09:00Z", "ms": 895975739599.6908 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-22T20:42:46-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-23T00:42:46Z", "ms": 895884165612.8185 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-22T21:55:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-23T01:55:06Z", "ms": 895888506256.091 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 72, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-23T20:43:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T00:43:45Z", "ms": 895970624939.275 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-23T21:55:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T01:55:51Z", "ms": 895974951230.5094 } }, "covered_min": 72, "window_min": 72, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:29 on Sat 23 May to 22:09 on Sat 23 May.", "fact": "1998-05-23T05:28:51Z → 1998-05-24T02:09:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:43–21:55 on the 22nd, 20:44–21:56 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 72 minutes on the 22nd and 72 of 72 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 788 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Saturday 23 May. Trayodaśī runs from 01:29 on Sat 23 May to 22:09 on Sat 23 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-05-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-05-23", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9669, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-23T22:09:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T02:09:00Z", "ms": 895975739599.6908 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-24T18:46:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T22:46:49Z", "ms": 896050008646.9736 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-23T22:09:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T02:09:00Z", "ms": 895975739599.6908 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-24T18:46:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T22:46:49Z", "ms": 896050008646.9736 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-24T00:50:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T04:50:09Z", "ms": 895985408531.404 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-24T01:38:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-24T05:38:09Z", "ms": 895988288531.404 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-25T00:50:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-25T04:50:15Z", "ms": 896071814558.2583 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-25T01:38:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-25T05:38:15Z", "ms": 896074694558.2583 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:09 on Sat 23 May to 18:47 on Sun 24 May.", "fact": "1998-05-24T02:09:00Z → 1998-05-24T22:46:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:50–01:38 on the 23rd, 00:50–01:38 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9669 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Saturday 23 May. Caturdaśī runs from 22:09 on Sat 23 May to 18:47 on Sun 24 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-05-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9817, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-05-27T10:07:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-27T14:07:18Z", "ms": 896278038307.5594 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-28T08:16:35-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-28T12:16:35Z", "ms": 896357795191.0797 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-27T10:07:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-27T14:07:18Z", "ms": 896278038307.5594 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-28T08:16:35-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-28T12:16:35Z", "ms": 896357795191.0797 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-27T12:50:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-27T16:50:56Z", "ms": 896287855719.3169 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-27T13:38:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-27T17:38:56Z", "ms": 896290735719.3169 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-28T12:51:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-28T16:51:03Z", "ms": 896374262627.4946 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-28T13:39:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-28T17:39:03Z", "ms": 896377142627.4946 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 10:07 on Wed 27 May to 08:17 on Thu 28 May.", "fact": "1998-05-27T14:07:18Z → 1998-05-28T12:16:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 27th, 12:51–13:39 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9817 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 27 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1998 falls on Wednesday 27 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 10:07 on Wed 27 May to 08:17 on Thu 28 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-05-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16467, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-28T08:16:35-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-28T12:16:35Z", "ms": 896357795191.0797 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-29T07:11:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-29T11:11:01Z", "ms": 896440261355.5195 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-28T08:16:35-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-28T12:16:35Z", "ms": 896357795191.0797 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-29T07:11:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-29T11:11:01Z", "ms": 896440261355.5195 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-28T12:51:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-28T16:51:03Z", "ms": 896374262627.4946 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-28T13:39:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-28T17:39:03Z", "ms": 896377142627.4946 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-29T12:51:10-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-29T16:51:10Z", "ms": 896460669961.3779 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-29T13:39:10-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-29T17:39:10Z", "ms": 896463549961.3779 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:17 on Thu 28 May to 07:11 on Fri 29 May.", "fact": "1998-05-28T12:16:35Z → 1998-05-29T11:11:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 28th, 12:51–13:39 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16467 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 28 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Thursday 28 May. Caturthī runs from 08:17 on Thu 28 May to 07:11 on Fri 29 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-05-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19305, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-30T06:55:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-30T10:55:12Z", "ms": 896525712349.1454 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-31T07:29:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-31T11:29:41Z", "ms": 896614180839.0237 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-30T06:55:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-30T10:55:12Z", "ms": 896525712349.1454 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-31T07:29:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-31T11:29:41Z", "ms": 896614180839.0237 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-30T12:51:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-30T16:51:18Z", "ms": 896547077704.3204 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-30T13:39:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-30T17:39:18Z", "ms": 896549957704.3204 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-31T12:51:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-31T16:51:26Z", "ms": 896633485840.0417 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-31T13:39:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-31T17:39:26Z", "ms": 896636365840.0417 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:55 on Sat 30 May to 07:30 on Sun 31 May.", "fact": "1998-05-30T10:55:12Z → 1998-05-31T11:29:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 30th, 12:51–13:39 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19305 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1998 falls on Saturday 30 May. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:55 on Sat 30 May to 07:30 on Sun 31 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19305, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1998-05-30T06:55:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-30T10:55:12Z", "ms": 896525712349.1454 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-31T07:29:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-31T11:29:41Z", "ms": 896614180839.0237 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-05-30T06:55:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-30T10:55:12Z", "ms": 896525712349.1454 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-31T07:29:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-31T11:29:41Z", "ms": 896614180839.0237 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-30T12:51:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-30T16:51:18Z", "ms": 896547077704.3204 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-30T13:39:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-30T17:39:18Z", "ms": 896549957704.3204 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-05-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-05-31T12:51:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-31T16:51:26Z", "ms": 896633485840.0417 }, "end": { "local": "1998-05-31T13:39:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-05-31T17:39:26Z", "ms": 896636365840.0417 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:55 on Sat 30 May to 07:30 on Sun 31 May.", "fact": "1998-05-30T10:55:12Z → 1998-05-31T11:29:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:51–13:39 on the 30th, 12:51–13:39 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19305 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Toronto, 1998: Saturday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1998 falls on Saturday 30 May. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:55 on Sat 30 May to 07:30 on Sun 31 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-06-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36140, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-04T15:40:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-04T19:40:16Z", "ms": 896989215833.6578 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-05T18:06:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-05T22:06:56Z", "ms": 897084416471.476 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-04T15:40:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-04T19:40:16Z", "ms": 896989215833.6578 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-05T18:06:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-05T22:06:56Z", "ms": 897084416471.476 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-04T05:37:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-04T09:37:56Z", "ms": 896953075947.3341 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-04T05:37:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-04T09:37:56Z", "ms": 896953075947.3341 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-05T05:37:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-05T09:37:33Z", "ms": 897039452669.7585 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-05T05:37:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-05T09:37:33Z", "ms": 897039452669.7585 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:40 on Thu 4 Jun to 18:07 on Fri 5 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-04T19:40:16Z → 1998-06-05T22:06:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:38 on the 4th and 05:38 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36140 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 5 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Friday 5 June. Ekādaśī runs from 15:40 on Thu 4 Jun to 18:07 on Fri 5 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-06-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16005, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-05T18:06:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-05T22:06:56Z", "ms": 897084416471.476 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-06T20:17:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-07T00:17:54Z", "ms": 897178673770.5739 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-05T18:06:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-05T22:06:56Z", "ms": 897084416471.476 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-06T20:17:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-07T00:17:54Z", "ms": 897178673770.5739 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-05T12:52:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-05T16:52:12Z", "ms": 897065531846.1636 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-05T13:40:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-05T17:40:12Z", "ms": 897068411846.1636 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-06T12:52:22-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-06T16:52:22Z", "ms": 897151942001.1443 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-06T13:40:22-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-06T17:40:22Z", "ms": 897154822001.1443 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 18:07 on Fri 5 Jun to 20:18 on Sat 6 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-05T22:06:56Z → 1998-06-07T00:17:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:52–13:40 on the 5th, 12:52–13:40 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16005 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1998 falls on Saturday 6 June. Dvādaśī runs from 18:07 on Fri 5 Jun to 20:18 on Sat 6 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-06-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-06", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 5, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-06T20:17:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-07T00:17:54Z", "ms": 897178673770.5739 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-07T22:05:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-08T02:05:31Z", "ms": 897271530698.9602 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-06T20:17:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-07T00:17:54Z", "ms": 897178673770.5739 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-07T22:05:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-08T02:05:31Z", "ms": 897271530698.9602 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-06T20:55:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-07T00:55:32Z", "ms": 897180932427.9285 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-06T22:05:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-07T02:05:03Z", "ms": 897185103126.8751 } }, "covered_min": 70, "window_min": 70, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-07T20:56:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-08T00:56:12Z", "ms": 897267372202.083 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-07T22:05:35-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-08T02:05:35Z", "ms": 897271535370.3539 } }, "covered_min": 69, "window_min": 69, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:18 on Sat 6 Jun to 22:06 on Sun 7 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-07T00:17:54Z → 1998-06-08T02:05:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:56–22:05 on the 6th, 20:56–22:06 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 70 of 70 minutes on the 6th and 69 of 69 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 5 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-06", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-06", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Saturday 6 June. Trayodaśī runs from 20:18 on Sat 6 Jun to 22:06 on Sun 7 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 69 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 0 min 05 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-06-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4788, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-06-08T23:25:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-09T03:25:55Z", "ms": 897362754896.7693 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-10T00:18:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-10T04:18:17Z", "ms": 897452297092.6625 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-08T23:25:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-09T03:25:55Z", "ms": 897362754896.7693 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-10T00:18:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-10T04:18:17Z", "ms": 897452297092.6625 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-08T20:56:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-09T00:56:50Z", "ms": 897353810304.6951 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-08T22:06:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-09T02:06:06Z", "ms": 897357966459.057 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 69, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-09T20:57:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-10T00:57:27Z", "ms": 897440246696.7883 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-09T22:06:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-10T02:06:36Z", "ms": 897444396359.7662 } }, "covered_min": 69, "window_min": 69, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:26 on Mon 8 Jun to 00:18 on Wed 10 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-09T03:25:55Z → 1998-06-10T04:18:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:57–22:06 on the 8th, 20:57–22:07 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 69 minutes on the 8th and 69 of 69 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4788 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 9 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1998 falls on Tuesday 9 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:26 on Mon 8 Jun to 00:18 on Wed 10 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-06-12", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-12", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 228, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-13T00:22:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-13T04:22:56Z", "ms": 897711775571.6204 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-13T23:40:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-14T03:40:26Z", "ms": 897795626474.4084 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-13T00:22:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-13T04:22:56Z", "ms": 897711775571.6204 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-13T23:40:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-14T03:40:26Z", "ms": 897795626474.4084 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-12T23:01:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-13T03:01:02Z", "ms": 897706861659.7156 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-12T23:01:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-13T03:01:02Z", "ms": 897706861659.7156 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-13T23:44:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-14T03:44:14Z", "ms": 897795854258.2515 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-13T23:44:14-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-14T03:44:14Z", "ms": 897795854258.2515 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:23 on Sat 13 Jun to 23:40 on Sat 13 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-13T04:22:56Z → 1998-06-14T03:40:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:01 on the 12th and 23:44 on the 13th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 12th and is not on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 228 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-12", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-12", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Friday 12 June. Caturthī runs from 00:23 on Sat 13 Jun to 23:40 on Sat 13 Jun, and is current at moonrise on neither day. It is 3 min 48 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-06-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-06-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16206, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-19T12:47:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-19T16:47:52Z", "ms": 898274872350.8702 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-20T10:06:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-20T14:06:13Z", "ms": 898351573005.1389 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-19T12:47:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-19T16:47:52Z", "ms": 898274872350.8702 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-20T10:06:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-20T14:06:13Z", "ms": 898351573005.1389 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-19T05:35:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-19T09:35:58Z", "ms": 898248957709.6731 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-19T05:35:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-19T09:35:58Z", "ms": 898248957709.6731 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-20T05:36:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-20T09:36:07Z", "ms": 898335367306.0317 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-20T05:36:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-20T09:36:07Z", "ms": 898335367306.0317 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:48 on Fri 19 Jun to 10:06 on Sat 20 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-19T16:47:52Z → 1998-06-20T14:06:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:36 on the 19th and 05:36 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16206 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 20 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Saturday 20 June. Ekādaśī runs from 12:48 on Fri 19 Jun to 10:06 on Sat 20 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-06-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-06-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23139, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-21T07:20:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-21T11:20:03Z", "ms": 898428003339.8876 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-22T04:36:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-22T08:36:31Z", "ms": 898504590754.1385 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-21T07:20:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-21T11:20:03Z", "ms": 898428003339.8876 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-22T04:36:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-22T08:36:31Z", "ms": 898504590754.1385 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-20T21:02:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-21T01:02:04Z", "ms": 898390924093.3599 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-20T22:10:38-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-21T02:10:38Z", "ms": 898395038082.6101 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 69, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-21T21:02:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-22T01:02:17Z", "ms": 898477337309.1881 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-21T22:10:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-22T02:10:51Z", "ms": 898481451374.916 } }, "covered_min": 69, "window_min": 69, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:20 on Sun 21 Jun to 04:37 on Mon 22 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-21T11:20:03Z → 1998-06-22T08:36:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:02–22:11 on the 20th, 21:02–22:11 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 69 minutes on the 20th and 69 of 69 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23139 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 21 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Sunday 21 June. Trayodaśī runs from 07:20 on Sun 21 Jun to 04:37 on Mon 22 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-06-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-06-22", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1204, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-22T04:36:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-22T08:36:31Z", "ms": 898504590754.1385 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-23T02:03:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-23T06:03:42Z", "ms": 898581822435.3057 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-22T04:36:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-22T08:36:31Z", "ms": 898504590754.1385 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-23T02:03:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-23T06:03:42Z", "ms": 898581822435.3057 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-22T00:55:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-22T04:55:25Z", "ms": 898491325055.6677 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-22T01:43:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-22T05:43:25Z", "ms": 898494205055.6677 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-23T00:55:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-23T04:55:39Z", "ms": 898577738521.5461 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-23T01:43:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-23T05:43:39Z", "ms": 898580618521.5461 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:37 on Mon 22 Jun to 02:04 on Tue 23 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-22T08:36:31Z → 1998-06-23T06:03:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:55–01:43 on the 21st, 00:56–01:44 on the 22nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1204 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Monday 22 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Monday 22 June. Caturdaśī runs from 04:37 on Mon 22 Jun to 02:04 on Tue 23 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-06-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25855, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-06-24T22:04:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-25T02:04:49Z", "ms": 898740289092.3187 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-25T20:55:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-26T00:55:02Z", "ms": 898822502059.5181 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-24T22:04:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-25T02:04:49Z", "ms": 898740289092.3187 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-25T20:55:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-26T00:55:02Z", "ms": 898822502059.5181 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-24T12:55:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-24T16:55:55Z", "ms": 898707355302.6942 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-24T13:43:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-24T17:43:55Z", "ms": 898710235302.6942 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-25T12:56:08-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-25T16:56:08Z", "ms": 898793767508.343 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-25T13:44:08-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-25T17:44:08Z", "ms": 898796647508.343 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 22:05 on Wed 24 Jun to 20:55 on Thu 25 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-25T02:04:49Z → 1998-06-26T00:55:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:56–13:44 on the 24th, 12:56–13:44 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25855 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 25 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Rathayātrā 1998 falls on Thursday 25 June. Dvitīyā runs from 22:05 on Wed 24 Jun to 20:55 on Thu 25 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-06-27", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24154, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-26T20:26:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-27T00:26:53Z", "ms": 898907213461.2906 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-27T20:43:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-28T00:43:31Z", "ms": 898994610508.5426 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-26T20:26:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-27T00:26:53Z", "ms": 898907213461.2906 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-27T20:43:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-28T00:43:31Z", "ms": 898994610508.5426 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-26T12:56:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-26T16:56:20Z", "ms": 898880179580.2919 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-26T13:44:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-26T17:44:20Z", "ms": 898883059580.2919 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-27T12:56:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-27T16:56:31Z", "ms": 898966591492.1962 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-27T13:44:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-27T17:44:31Z", "ms": 898969471492.1962 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:27 on Fri 26 Jun to 20:44 on Sat 27 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-27T00:26:53Z → 1998-06-28T00:43:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:56–13:44 on the 26th, 12:57–13:45 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24154 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 27 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Saturday 27 June. Caturthī runs from 20:27 on Fri 26 Jun to 20:44 on Sat 27 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-06-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25139, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-27T20:43:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-28T00:43:31Z", "ms": 898994610508.5426 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-28T21:44:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-29T01:44:09Z", "ms": 899084648550.8962 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-27T20:43:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-28T00:43:31Z", "ms": 898994610508.5426 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-28T21:44:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-29T01:44:09Z", "ms": 899084648550.8962 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-27T12:56:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-27T16:56:31Z", "ms": 898966591492.1962 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-27T13:44:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-27T17:44:31Z", "ms": 898969471492.1962 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-28T12:56:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-28T16:56:43Z", "ms": 899053003218.8958 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-28T13:44:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-28T17:44:43Z", "ms": 899055883218.8958 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 20:44 on Sat 27 Jun to 21:44 on Sun 28 Jun.", "fact": "1998-06-28T00:43:31Z → 1998-06-29T01:44:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:57–13:45 on the 27th, 12:57–13:45 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25139 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Skanda Pañcamī 1998 falls on Sunday 28 June. Pañcamī runs from 20:44 on Sat 27 Jun to 21:44 on Sun 28 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-06-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34715, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1998-06-29T23:23:30-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-30T03:23:30Z", "ms": 899177009911.6683 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-01T01:31:46-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-01T05:31:46Z", "ms": 899271106434.5746 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-06-29T23:23:30-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-30T03:23:30Z", "ms": 899177009911.6683 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-01T01:31:46-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-01T05:31:46Z", "ms": 899271106434.5746 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-29T12:56:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-29T16:56:55Z", "ms": 899139414736.4033 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-29T13:44:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-29T17:44:55Z", "ms": 899142294736.4033 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-06-30T12:57:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-30T16:57:06Z", "ms": 899225826021.8213 }, "end": { "local": "1998-06-30T13:45:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-06-30T17:45:06Z", "ms": 899228706021.8213 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 23:23 on Mon 29 Jun to 01:32 on Wed 1 Jul.", "fact": "1998-06-30T03:23:30Z → 1998-07-01T05:31:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:57–13:45 on the 29th, 12:57–13:45 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34715 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 30 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-06-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vivasvat Saptamī 1998 falls on Tuesday 30 June. Saptamī runs from 23:23 on Mon 29 Jun to 01:32 on Wed 1 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-07-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10225, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-07-04T08:32:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-04T12:32:13Z", "ms": 899555533066.187 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-05T10:19:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-05T14:19:44Z", "ms": 899648384417.1957 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-04T08:32:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-04T12:32:13Z", "ms": 899555533066.187 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-05T10:19:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-05T14:19:44Z", "ms": 899648384417.1957 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-04T05:41:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-04T09:41:48Z", "ms": 899545308297.6298 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-04T05:41:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-04T09:41:48Z", "ms": 899545308297.6298 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-05T05:42:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-05T09:42:26Z", "ms": 899631745944.5549 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-05T05:42:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-05T09:42:26Z", "ms": 899631745944.5549 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:32 on Sat 4 Jul to 10:20 on Sun 5 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-04T12:32:13Z → 1998-07-05T14:19:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:42 on the 4th and 05:42 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10225 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 5 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Sunday 5 July. Ekādaśī runs from 08:32 on Sat 4 Jul to 10:20 on Sun 5 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-07-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-07-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31396, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-07-06T11:35:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-06T15:35:53Z", "ms": 899739353127.7487 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-07T12:17:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-07T16:17:32Z", "ms": 899828251548.3394 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-06T11:35:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-06T15:35:53Z", "ms": 899739353127.7487 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-07T12:17:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-07T16:17:32Z", "ms": 899828251548.3394 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-06T21:01:10-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-07T01:01:10Z", "ms": 899773270252.699 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-06T22:10:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-07T02:10:51Z", "ms": 899777451001.3147 } }, "covered_min": 70, "window_min": 70, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-07T21:00:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T01:00:48Z", "ms": 899859647738.2549 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-07T22:10:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T02:10:37Z", "ms": 899863837114.1761 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 70, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:36 on Mon 6 Jul to 12:18 on Tue 7 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-06T15:35:53Z → 1998-07-07T16:17:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:01–22:11 on the 6th, 21:01–22:11 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 70 of 70 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 70 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31396 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Monday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Monday 6 July. Trayodaśī runs from 11:36 on Mon 6 Jul to 12:18 on Tue 7 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-07-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2008, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T12:24:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z", "ms": 899915097174.597 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T12:00:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T16:00:53Z", "ms": 900000053002.9071 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T12:24:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z", "ms": 899915097174.597 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T12:00:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T16:00:53Z", "ms": 900000053002.9071 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T12:58:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T16:58:26Z", "ms": 899917105525.2604 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-08T13:46:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T17:46:26Z", "ms": 899919985525.2604 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-09T12:58:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T16:58:34Z", "ms": 900003513854.333 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T13:46:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T17:46:34Z", "ms": 900006393854.333 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:25 on Wed 8 Jul to 12:01 on Thu 9 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z → 1998-07-09T16:00:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:58–13:46 on the 8th, 12:59–13:47 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2008 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Guru Pūrṇimā 1998 falls on Wednesday 8 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:25 on Wed 8 Jul to 12:01 on Thu 9 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19935, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T12:24:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z", "ms": 899915097174.597 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T12:00:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T16:00:53Z", "ms": 900000053002.9071 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T12:24:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z", "ms": 899915097174.597 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T12:00:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T16:00:53Z", "ms": 900000053002.9071 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T17:57:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T21:57:12Z", "ms": 899935032005.8177 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-08T21:00:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T01:00:23Z", "ms": 899946022992.856 } }, "covered_min": 183, "window_min": 183, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-09T17:56:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T21:56:59Z", "ms": 900021419160.7148 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T20:59:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-10T00:59:56Z", "ms": 900032396031.6361 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 183, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:25 on Wed 8 Jul to 12:01 on Thu 9 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z → 1998-07-09T16:00:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:57–21:00 on the 8th, 17:57–21:00 on the 9th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 183 of 183 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 183 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19935 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kokilā Vrata 1998 falls on Wednesday 8 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:25 on Wed 8 Jul to 12:01 on Thu 9 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30926, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T12:24:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z", "ms": 899915097174.597 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T12:00:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T16:00:53Z", "ms": 900000053002.9071 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T12:24:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z", "ms": 899915097174.597 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T12:00:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T16:00:53Z", "ms": 900000053002.9071 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T21:00:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T01:00:23Z", "ms": 899946022992.856 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-08T22:10:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T02:10:21Z", "ms": 899950221484.0792 } }, "covered_min": 70, "window_min": 70, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-09T20:59:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-10T00:59:56Z", "ms": 900032396031.6361 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T22:10:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-10T02:10:04Z", "ms": 900036604118.4751 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 70, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:25 on Wed 8 Jul to 12:01 on Thu 9 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z → 1998-07-09T16:00:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 21:00–22:10 on the 8th, 21:00–22:10 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 70 of 70 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 70 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30926 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śiva Śayanotsava 1998 falls on Wednesday 8 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:25 on Wed 8 Jul to 12:01 on Thu 9 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11564, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T12:24:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z", "ms": 899915097174.597 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T12:00:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T16:00:53Z", "ms": 900000053002.9071 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T12:24:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z", "ms": 899915097174.597 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T12:00:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T16:00:53Z", "ms": 900000053002.9071 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-08T05:44:28-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T09:44:28Z", "ms": 899891068057.6648 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-08T08:47:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-08T12:47:39Z", "ms": 899902059044.703 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 183, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-09T05:45:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T09:45:12Z", "ms": 899977511677.03 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-09T08:48:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-09T12:48:09Z", "ms": 899988488547.9513 } }, "covered_min": 183, "window_min": 183, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 12:25 on Wed 8 Jul to 12:01 on Thu 9 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-08T16:24:57Z → 1998-07-09T16:00:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:44–08:48 on the 8th, 05:45–08:48 on the 9th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 183 minutes on the 8th and 183 of 183 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11564 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 9 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vyāsa Pūjā 1998 falls on Thursday 9 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 12:25 on Wed 8 Jul to 12:01 on Thu 9 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37996, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-07-10T11:09:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-10T15:09:26Z", "ms": 900083365620.8406 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-11T09:55:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-11T13:55:13Z", "ms": 900165312581.7507 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-10T11:09:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-10T15:09:26Z", "ms": 900083365620.8406 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-11T09:55:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-11T13:55:13Z", "ms": 900165312581.7507 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-10T21:42:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-11T01:42:41Z", "ms": 900121361279.7118 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-10T21:42:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-11T01:42:41Z", "ms": 900121361279.7118 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-11T22:24:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-12T02:24:06Z", "ms": 900210246444.8507 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-11T22:24:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-12T02:24:06Z", "ms": 900210246444.8507 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 11:09 on Fri 10 Jul to 09:55 on Sat 11 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-10T15:09:26Z → 1998-07-11T13:55:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:43 on the 10th and 22:24 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37996 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Toronto, 1998: Friday 10 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1998 falls on Friday 10 July. Dvitīyā runs from 11:09 on Fri 10 Jul to 09:55 on Sat 11 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-07-12", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27263, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-07-12T08:22:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-12T12:22:44Z", "ms": 900246163985.6633 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-13T06:35:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-13T10:35:59Z", "ms": 900326159302.1669 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-12T08:22:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-12T12:22:44Z", "ms": 900246163985.6633 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-13T06:35:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-13T10:35:59Z", "ms": 900326159302.1669 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-11T22:24:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-12T02:24:06Z", "ms": 900210246444.8507 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-11T22:24:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-12T02:24:06Z", "ms": 900210246444.8507 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-12T23:01:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-13T03:01:36Z", "ms": 900298896338.0499 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-12T23:01:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-13T03:01:36Z", "ms": 900298896338.0499 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:23 on Sun 12 Jul to 06:36 on Mon 13 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-12T12:22:44Z → 1998-07-13T10:35:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:24 on the 11th and 23:02 on the 12th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27263 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 12 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Sunday 12 July. Caturthī runs from 08:23 on Sun 12 Jul to 06:36 on Mon 13 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-07-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-07-19", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34483, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-07-18T17:35:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-18T21:35:47Z", "ms": 900797746883.3086 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-19T15:28:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-19T19:28:20Z", "ms": 900876499640.0547 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-18T17:35:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-18T21:35:47Z", "ms": 900797746883.3086 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-19T15:28:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-19T19:28:20Z", "ms": 900876499640.0547 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-18T05:52:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-18T09:52:42Z", "ms": 900755561540.8247 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-18T05:52:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-18T09:52:42Z", "ms": 900755561540.8247 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-19T05:53:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-19T09:53:37Z", "ms": 900842017083.792 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-19T05:53:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-19T09:53:37Z", "ms": 900842017083.792 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:36 on Sat 18 Jul to 15:28 on Sun 19 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-18T21:35:47Z → 1998-07-19T19:28:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:53 on the 18th and 05:54 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34483 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Sunday 19 July. Ekādaśī runs from 17:36 on Sat 18 Jul to 15:28 on Sun 19 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-07-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-07-20", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26446, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-07-20T13:31:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-20T17:31:53Z", "ms": 900955913101.7059 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-21T11:51:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-21T15:51:50Z", "ms": 901036310307.6506 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-20T13:31:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-20T17:31:53Z", "ms": 900955913101.7059 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-21T11:51:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-21T15:51:50Z", "ms": 901036310307.6506 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-20T20:52:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-21T00:52:39Z", "ms": 900982358857.9099 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-20T22:05:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-21T02:05:02Z", "ms": 900986701801.4753 } }, "covered_min": 72, "window_min": 72, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-21T20:51:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-22T00:51:47Z", "ms": 901068706915.6133 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-21T22:04:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-22T02:04:25Z", "ms": 901073064545.8528 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 73, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:32 on Mon 20 Jul to 11:52 on Tue 21 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-20T17:31:53Z → 1998-07-21T15:51:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:53–22:05 on the 20th, 20:52–22:04 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 72 of 72 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 73 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26446 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Monday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Monday 20 July. Trayodaśī runs from 13:32 on Mon 20 Jul to 11:52 on Tue 21 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-07-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-07-21", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31548, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-07-21T11:51:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-21T15:51:50Z", "ms": 901036310307.6506 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-22T10:33:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-22T14:33:56Z", "ms": 901118035605.3933 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-21T11:51:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-21T15:51:50Z", "ms": 901036310307.6506 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-22T10:33:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-22T14:33:56Z", "ms": 901118035605.3933 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-21T01:00:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-21T05:00:05Z", "ms": 900997204896.2803 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-21T01:48:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-21T05:48:05Z", "ms": 901000084896.2803 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-22T01:00:08-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-22T05:00:08Z", "ms": 901083608029.0115 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-22T01:48:08-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-22T05:48:08Z", "ms": 901086488029.0115 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:52 on Tue 21 Jul to 10:34 on Wed 22 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-21T15:51:50Z → 1998-07-22T14:33:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 01:00–01:48 on the 20th, 01:00–01:48 on the 21st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31548 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 21 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Tuesday 21 July. Caturdaśī runs from 11:52 on Tue 21 Jul to 10:34 on Wed 22 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-07-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8347, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-07-25T09:44:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-25T13:44:56Z", "ms": 901374295590.2223 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-26T10:40:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-26T14:40:37Z", "ms": 901464037179.2224 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-25T09:44:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-25T13:44:56Z", "ms": 901374295590.2223 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-26T10:40:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-26T14:40:37Z", "ms": 901464037179.2224 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-25T12:59:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-25T16:59:44Z", "ms": 901385984199.3732 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-25T13:47:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-25T17:47:44Z", "ms": 901388864199.3732 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-26T12:59:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-26T16:59:44Z", "ms": 901472384069.1067 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-26T13:47:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-26T17:47:44Z", "ms": 901475264069.1067 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 09:45 on Sat 25 Jul to 10:41 on Sun 26 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-25T13:44:56Z → 1998-07-26T14:40:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:00–13:48 on the 25th, 13:00–13:48 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8347 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 25 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1998 falls on Saturday 25 July. Tṛtīyā runs from 09:45 on Sat 25 Jul to 10:41 on Sun 26 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-07-26", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2912, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-07-26T10:40:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-26T14:40:37Z", "ms": 901464037179.2224 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-27T12:11:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-27T16:11:11Z", "ms": 901555871460.0541 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-26T10:40:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-26T14:40:37Z", "ms": 901464037179.2224 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-27T12:11:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-27T16:11:11Z", "ms": 901555871460.0541 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-26T12:59:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-26T16:59:44Z", "ms": 901472384069.1067 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-26T13:47:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-26T17:47:44Z", "ms": 901475264069.1067 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-27T12:59:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-27T16:59:43Z", "ms": 901558783342.3982 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-27T13:47:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-27T17:47:43Z", "ms": 901561663342.3982 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:41 on Sun 26 Jul to 12:11 on Mon 27 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-26T14:40:37Z → 1998-07-27T16:11:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:00–13:48 on the 26th, 13:00–13:48 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2912 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 26 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-26", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Sunday 26 July. Caturthī runs from 10:41 on Sun 26 Jul to 12:11 on Mon 27 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-07-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-07-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1378, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1998-07-27T12:11:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-27T16:11:11Z", "ms": 901555871460.0541 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-28T14:10:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-28T18:10:40Z", "ms": 901649439552.504 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-07-27T12:11:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-27T16:11:11Z", "ms": 901555871460.0541 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-28T14:10:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-28T18:10:40Z", "ms": 901649439552.504 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-27T12:59:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-27T16:59:43Z", "ms": 901558783342.3982 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-27T13:47:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-27T17:47:43Z", "ms": 901561663342.3982 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-07-28T12:59:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-28T16:59:42Z", "ms": 901645182013.316 }, "end": { "local": "1998-07-28T13:47:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-07-28T17:47:42Z", "ms": 901648062013.316 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 12:11 on Mon 27 Jul to 14:11 on Tue 28 Jul.", "fact": "1998-07-27T16:11:11Z → 1998-07-28T18:10:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 13:00–13:48 on the 27th, 13:00–13:48 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1378 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 28 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-07-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Nāga Pañcamī 1998 falls on Tuesday 28 July. Pañcamī runs from 12:11 on Mon 27 Jul to 14:11 on Tue 28 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-08-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17155, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-03T00:35:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-03T04:35:50Z", "ms": 902118949771.5315 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-04T01:24:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-04T05:24:06Z", "ms": 902208246161.2026 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-03T00:35:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-03T04:35:50Z", "ms": 902118949771.5315 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-04T01:24:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-04T05:24:06Z", "ms": 902208246161.2026 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-03T06:08:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-03T10:08:56Z", "ms": 902138936471.2404 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-03T06:08:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-03T10:08:56Z", "ms": 902138936471.2404 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-04T06:10:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-04T10:10:02Z", "ms": 902225401623.0132 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-04T06:10:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-04T10:10:02Z", "ms": 902225401623.0132 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:36 on Mon 3 Aug to 01:24 on Tue 4 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-03T04:35:50Z → 1998-08-04T05:24:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:09 on the 3rd and 06:10 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 3rd and is not on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17155 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 3 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Putradā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Monday 3 August. Ekādaśī runs from 00:36 on Mon 3 Aug to 01:24 on Tue 4 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-08-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41254, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-04T01:24:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-04T05:24:06Z", "ms": 902208246161.2026 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-05T01:31:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-05T05:31:36Z", "ms": 902295095703.7246 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-04T01:24:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-04T05:24:06Z", "ms": 902208246161.2026 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-05T01:31:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-05T05:31:36Z", "ms": 902295095703.7246 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-04T12:59:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-04T16:59:16Z", "ms": 902249955627.7568 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-04T13:47:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-04T17:47:16Z", "ms": 902252835627.7568 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-05T12:59:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-05T16:59:09Z", "ms": 902336349425.8943 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-05T13:47:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-05T17:47:09Z", "ms": 902339229425.8943 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 01:24 on Tue 4 Aug to 01:32 on Wed 5 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-04T05:24:06Z → 1998-08-05T05:31:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:59–13:47 on the 4th, 12:59–13:47 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 41254 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 4 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1998 falls on Tuesday 4 August. Dvādaśī runs from 01:24 on Tue 4 Aug to 01:32 on Wed 5 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-08-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11215, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-05T01:31:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-05T05:31:36Z", "ms": 902295095703.7246 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-06T00:59:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-06T04:59:03Z", "ms": 902379542513.5416 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-05T01:31:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-05T05:31:36Z", "ms": 902295095703.7246 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-06T00:59:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-06T04:59:03Z", "ms": 902379542513.5416 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-04T20:36:30-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-05T00:36:30Z", "ms": 902277389632.5006 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-04T21:53:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-05T01:53:07Z", "ms": 902281986623.299 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-05T20:35:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-06T00:35:12Z", "ms": 902363711788.2999 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-05T21:52:08-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-06T01:52:08Z", "ms": 902368327918.8083 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:32 on Wed 5 Aug to 00:59 on Thu 6 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-05T05:31:36Z → 1998-08-06T04:59:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:36–21:53 on the 4th, 20:35–21:52 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 77 minutes on the 4th and 77 of 77 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11215 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 5 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Wednesday 5 August. Trayodaśī runs from 01:32 on Wed 5 Aug to 00:59 on Thu 6 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-08-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17399, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-08-06T23:49:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-07T03:49:56Z", "ms": 902461796199.5092 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-07T22:09:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-08T02:09:37Z", "ms": 902542177431.7793 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1998-08-07T11:03:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-07T15:03:18Z", "ms": 902502197887.5859 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-07T22:09:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-08T02:09:37Z", "ms": 902542177431.7793 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-06T06:12:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-06T10:12:13Z", "ms": 902398332767.113 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-07T06:13:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-07T10:13:19Z", "ms": 902484798710.6698 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-07T06:13:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-07T10:13:19Z", "ms": 902484798710.6698 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-08T06:14:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-08T10:14:25Z", "ms": 902571264873.3204 } }, "covered_min": 666, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:50 on Thu 6 Aug to 22:10 on Fri 7 Aug. Its second half begins at 11:03 on Fri 7 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-07T03:49:56Z → 1998-08-08T02:09:37Z · second half from 1998-08-07T15:03:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 06:12 on the 6th, and from 06:13 on the 7th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 0 of 1441 minutes on the 6th and 666 of 1441 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17399 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Toronto, 1998: Friday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1998 falls on Friday 7 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 11:03 on Fri 7 Aug to 22:10 on Fri 7 Aug and lies within that day, sunrise to sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30162, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-08-06T23:49:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-07T03:49:56Z", "ms": 902461796199.5092 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-07T22:09:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-08T02:09:37Z", "ms": 902542177431.7793 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-06T23:49:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-07T03:49:56Z", "ms": 902461796199.5092 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-07T22:09:37-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-08T02:09:37Z", "ms": 902542177431.7793 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-06T12:59:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-06T16:59:03Z", "ms": 902422742627.7156 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-06T13:47:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-06T17:47:03Z", "ms": 902425622627.7156 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-07T12:58:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-07T16:58:55Z", "ms": 902509135240.5642 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-07T13:46:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-07T17:46:55Z", "ms": 902512015240.5642 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:50 on Thu 6 Aug to 22:10 on Fri 7 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-07T03:49:56Z → 1998-08-08T02:09:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:59–13:47 on the 6th, 12:59–13:47 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30162 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Toronto, 1998: Friday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1998 falls on Friday 7 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:50 on Thu 6 Aug to 22:10 on Fri 7 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3313, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-08-08T20:04:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T00:04:29Z", "ms": 902621069374.4061 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-09T17:41:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T21:41:20Z", "ms": 902698879512.7487 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-08T20:04:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T00:04:29Z", "ms": 902621069374.4061 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-09T17:41:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T21:41:20Z", "ms": 902698879512.7487 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-08T20:59:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T00:59:42Z", "ms": 902624381956.9755 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-08T20:59:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T00:59:42Z", "ms": 902624381956.9755 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-09T21:36:28-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T01:36:28Z", "ms": 902712987940.5723 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-09T21:36:28-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T01:36:28Z", "ms": 902712987940.5723 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 20:04 on Sat 8 Aug to 17:41 on Sun 9 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-09T00:04:29Z → 1998-08-09T21:41:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:00 on the 8th and 21:36 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3313 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 8 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1998 falls on Saturday 8 August. Dvitīyā runs from 20:04 on Sat 8 Aug to 17:41 on Sun 9 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4822, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-08-09T17:41:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T21:41:20Z", "ms": 902698879512.7487 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-10T15:06:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T19:06:52Z", "ms": 902776012055.4017 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-09T17:41:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T21:41:20Z", "ms": 902698879512.7487 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-10T15:06:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T19:06:52Z", "ms": 902776012055.4017 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-09T12:58:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T16:58:39Z", "ms": 902681918734.9147 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-09T13:46:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-09T17:46:39Z", "ms": 902684798734.9147 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-10T12:58:30-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T16:58:30Z", "ms": 902768309636.6697 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-10T13:46:30-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T17:46:30Z", "ms": 902771189636.6697 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 17:41 on Sun 9 Aug to 15:07 on Mon 10 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-09T21:41:20Z → 1998-08-10T19:06:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:59–13:47 on the 9th, 12:58–13:46 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4822 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Toronto, 1998: Monday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1998 falls on Monday 10 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 17:41 on Sun 9 Aug to 15:07 on Mon 10 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9069, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-10T15:06:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T19:06:52Z", "ms": 902776012055.4017 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-11T12:27:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-11T16:27:29Z", "ms": 902852849177.3243 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-10T15:06:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T19:06:52Z", "ms": 902776012055.4017 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-11T12:27:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-11T16:27:29Z", "ms": 902852849177.3243 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-10T17:38:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T21:38:01Z", "ms": 902785080748.6144 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-10T20:28:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-11T00:28:21Z", "ms": 902795301489.9108 } }, "covered_min": 170, "window_min": 170, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-11T17:37:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-11T21:37:05Z", "ms": 902871425283.6467 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-11T20:26:55-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-12T00:26:55Z", "ms": 902881615479.8657 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 170, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:07 on Mon 10 Aug to 12:27 on Tue 11 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-10T19:06:52Z → 1998-08-11T16:27:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 17:38–20:28 on the 10th, 17:37–20:27 on the 11th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 170 of 170 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 170 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9069 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Bahulā Caturthī 1998 falls on Monday 10 August. Caturthī runs from 15:07 on Mon 10 Aug to 12:27 on Tue 11 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-08-10", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25452, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-10T15:06:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T19:06:52Z", "ms": 902776012055.4017 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-11T12:27:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-11T16:27:29Z", "ms": 902852849177.3243 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-10T15:06:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-10T19:06:52Z", "ms": 902776012055.4017 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-11T12:27:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-11T16:27:29Z", "ms": 902852849177.3243 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-10T22:11:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-11T02:11:04Z", "ms": 902801463768.9132 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-10T22:11:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-11T02:11:04Z", "ms": 902801463768.9132 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-11T22:44:46-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-12T02:44:46Z", "ms": 902889886388.2808 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-11T22:44:46-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-12T02:44:46Z", "ms": 902889886388.2808 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:07 on Mon 10 Aug to 12:27 on Tue 11 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-10T19:06:52Z → 1998-08-11T16:27:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:11 on the 10th and 22:45 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25452 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 10 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Monday 10 August. Caturthī runs from 15:07 on Mon 10 Aug to 12:27 on Tue 11 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-08-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11351, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-12T09:48:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-12T13:48:59Z", "ms": 902929739081.4445 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-13T07:16:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-13T11:16:29Z", "ms": 903006989345.1746 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-12T09:48:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-12T13:48:59Z", "ms": 902929739081.4445 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-13T07:16:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-13T11:16:29Z", "ms": 903006989345.1746 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-12T12:58:10-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-12T16:58:10Z", "ms": 902941089803.9105 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-12T13:46:10-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-12T17:46:10Z", "ms": 902943969803.9105 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-13T12:57:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-13T16:57:59Z", "ms": 903027479091.1797 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-13T13:45:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-13T17:45:59Z", "ms": 903030359091.1797 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:49 on Wed 12 Aug to 07:16 on Thu 13 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-12T13:48:59Z → 1998-08-13T11:16:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:58–13:46 on the 12th, 12:58–13:46 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11351 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1998 falls on Wednesday 12 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:49 on Wed 12 Aug to 07:16 on Thu 13 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20490, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-13T07:16:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-13T11:16:29Z", "ms": 903006989345.1746 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-14T04:54:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-14T08:54:25Z", "ms": 903084864669.2206 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-13T07:16:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-13T11:16:29Z", "ms": 903006989345.1746 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-14T04:54:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-14T08:54:25Z", "ms": 903084864669.2206 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-13T12:57:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-13T16:57:59Z", "ms": 903027479091.1797 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-13T13:45:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-13T17:45:59Z", "ms": 903030359091.1797 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-14T12:57:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-14T16:57:48Z", "ms": 903113867861.2703 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-14T13:45:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-14T17:45:48Z", "ms": 903116747861.2703 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 07:16 on Thu 13 Aug to 04:54 on Fri 14 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-13T11:16:29Z → 1998-08-14T08:54:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:58–13:46 on the 13th, 12:58–13:46 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20490 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śītalā Saptamī 1998 falls on Thursday 13 August. Saptamī runs from 07:16 on Thu 13 Aug to 04:54 on Fri 14 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3607, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-14T04:54:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-14T08:54:25Z", "ms": 903084864669.2206 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-15T02:46:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-15T06:46:29Z", "ms": 903163588564.4476 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-14T04:54:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-14T08:54:25Z", "ms": 903084864669.2206 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-15T02:46:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-15T06:46:29Z", "ms": 903163588564.4476 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-14T00:58:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-14T04:58:33Z", "ms": 903070712656.7275 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-14T01:46:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-14T05:46:33Z", "ms": 903073592656.7275 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-15T00:58:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-15T04:58:21Z", "ms": 903157101480.5933 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-15T01:46:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-15T05:46:21Z", "ms": 903159981480.5933 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 04:54 on Fri 14 Aug to 02:46 on Sat 15 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-14T08:54:25Z → 1998-08-15T06:46:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:59–01:47 on the 13th, 00:58–01:46 on the 14th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3607 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Janmāṣṭamī 1998 falls on Friday 14 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 04:54 on Fri 14 Aug to 02:46 on Sat 15 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-08-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25164, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-16T23:25:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-17T03:25:03Z", "ms": 903324303475.7808 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-17T22:16:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-18T02:16:32Z", "ms": 903406592488.6454 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-16T23:25:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-17T03:25:03Z", "ms": 903324303475.7808 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-17T22:16:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-18T02:16:32Z", "ms": 903406592488.6454 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-17T06:24:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-17T10:24:27Z", "ms": 903349467479.3477 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-17T06:24:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-17T10:24:27Z", "ms": 903349467479.3477 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-18T06:25:35-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-18T10:25:35Z", "ms": 903435934941.9166 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-18T06:25:35-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-18T10:25:35Z", "ms": 903435934941.9166 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:25 on Sun 16 Aug to 22:17 on Mon 17 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-17T03:25:03Z → 1998-08-18T02:16:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:24 on the 17th and 06:26 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25164 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 17 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Ajā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Monday 17 August. Ekādaśī runs from 23:25 on Sun 16 Aug to 22:17 on Mon 17 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-08-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-08-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-19", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 323, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-18T21:32:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-19T01:32:21Z", "ms": 903490341066.1388 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-19T21:14:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T01:14:23Z", "ms": 903575663305.8121 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-18T21:32:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-19T01:32:21Z", "ms": 903490341066.1388 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-19T21:14:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T01:14:23Z", "ms": 903575663305.8121 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-18T20:16:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-19T00:16:21Z", "ms": 903485780955.3352 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-18T21:37:44-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-19T01:37:44Z", "ms": 903490663820.8408 } }, "covered_min": 5, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-19T20:14:46-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T00:14:46Z", "ms": 903572086078.1693 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-19T21:36:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T01:36:31Z", "ms": 903576990598.1805 } }, "covered_min": 60, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:32 on Tue 18 Aug to 21:14 on Wed 19 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-19T01:32:21Z → 1998-08-20T01:14:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:16–21:38 on the 18th, 20:15–21:37 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 5 of 81 minutes on the 18th and 60 of 82 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 323 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-19", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Wednesday 19 August. Trayodaśī runs from 21:32 on Tue 18 Aug to 21:14 on Wed 19 Aug and covers 60 of 82 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 5 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-08-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-08-19", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12767, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-19T21:14:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T01:14:23Z", "ms": 903575663305.8121 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-20T21:24:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T01:24:16Z", "ms": 903662656415.5594 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-19T21:14:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T01:14:23Z", "ms": 903575663305.8121 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-20T21:24:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T01:24:16Z", "ms": 903662656415.5594 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-20T00:57:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T04:57:18Z", "ms": 903589038028.2114 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-20T01:45:18-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T05:45:18Z", "ms": 903591918028.2114 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-21T00:57:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T04:57:04Z", "ms": 903675423880.5293 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-21T01:45:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T05:45:04Z", "ms": 903678303880.5293 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:14 on Wed 19 Aug to 21:24 on Thu 20 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-20T01:14:23Z → 1998-08-21T01:24:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:57–01:45 on the 19th, 00:57–01:45 on the 20th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12767 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Wednesday 19 August. Caturdaśī runs from 21:14 on Wed 19 Aug to 21:24 on Thu 20 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-08-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 660, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-19T21:14:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T01:14:23Z", "ms": 903575663305.8121 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-20T21:24:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T01:24:16Z", "ms": 903662656415.5594 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-19T21:14:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T01:14:23Z", "ms": 903575663305.8121 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-20T21:24:16-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T01:24:16Z", "ms": 903662656415.5594 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-19T20:14:46-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T00:14:46Z", "ms": 903572086078.1693 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-19T21:36:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-20T01:36:31Z", "ms": 903576990598.1805 } }, "covered_min": 22, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-20T20:13:10-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T00:13:10Z", "ms": 903658390238.4438 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-20T21:35:17-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T01:35:17Z", "ms": 903663316543 } }, "covered_min": 71, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:14 on Wed 19 Aug to 21:24 on Thu 20 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-20T01:14:23Z → 1998-08-21T01:24:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 20:15–21:37 on the 19th, 20:13–21:35 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 22 of 82 minutes on the 19th and 71 of 82 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 660 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Aghora Caturdaśī 1998 falls on Thursday 20 August. Caturdaśī runs from 21:14 on Wed 19 Aug to 21:24 on Thu 20 Aug and covers 71 of 82 minutes of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 22 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29930, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1998-08-21T22:03:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-22T02:03:06Z", "ms": 903751385747.2126 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-22T23:11:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-23T03:11:00Z", "ms": 903841859698.3074 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-21T22:03:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-22T02:03:06Z", "ms": 903751385747.2126 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-22T23:11:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-23T03:11:00Z", "ms": 903841859698.3074 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-21T12:56:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T16:56:15Z", "ms": 903718575494.4976 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-21T13:44:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-21T17:44:15Z", "ms": 903721455494.4976 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-22T12:56:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-22T16:56:00Z", "ms": 903804960429.3938 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-22T13:44:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-22T17:44:00Z", "ms": 903807840429.3938 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 22:03 on Fri 21 Aug to 23:11 on Sat 22 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-22T02:03:06Z → 1998-08-23T03:11:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:56–13:44 on the 21st, 12:56–13:44 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29930 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 22 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Rudra Vrata 1998 falls on Saturday 22 August. Pratipadā runs from 22:03 on Fri 21 Aug to 23:11 on Sat 22 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36525, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-08-24T00:46:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-24T04:46:36Z", "ms": 903933996324.4452 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-25T02:46:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-25T06:46:27Z", "ms": 904027587205.8511 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-24T00:46:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-24T04:46:36Z", "ms": 903933996324.4452 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-25T02:46:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-25T06:46:27Z", "ms": 904027587205.8511 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-24T12:55:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-24T16:55:29Z", "ms": 903977728983.1777 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-24T13:43:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-24T17:43:29Z", "ms": 903980608983.1777 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-25T12:55:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-25T16:55:13Z", "ms": 904064112622.9731 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-25T13:43:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-25T17:43:13Z", "ms": 904066992622.9731 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 00:47 on Mon 24 Aug to 02:46 on Tue 25 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-24T04:46:36Z → 1998-08-25T06:46:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 24th, 12:55–13:43 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36525 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Monday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1998 falls on Monday 24 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 00:47 on Mon 24 Aug to 02:46 on Tue 25 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28227, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-25T02:46:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-25T06:46:27Z", "ms": 904027587205.8511 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-26T05:04:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-26T09:04:29Z", "ms": 904122268689.9591 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-25T02:46:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-25T06:46:27Z", "ms": 904027587205.8511 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-26T05:04:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-26T09:04:29Z", "ms": 904122268689.9591 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-25T12:55:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-25T16:55:13Z", "ms": 904064112622.9731 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-25T13:43:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-25T17:43:13Z", "ms": 904066992622.9731 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-26T12:54:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-26T16:54:56Z", "ms": 904150495853.3928 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-26T13:42:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-26T17:42:56Z", "ms": 904153375853.3928 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 02:46 on Tue 25 Aug to 05:04 on Wed 26 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-25T06:46:27Z → 1998-08-26T09:04:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 25th, 12:55–13:43 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28227 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1998 falls on Tuesday 25 August. Caturthī runs from 02:46 on Tue 25 Aug to 05:04 on Wed 26 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19364, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-26T05:04:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-26T09:04:29Z", "ms": 904122268689.9591 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-27T07:31:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-27T11:31:54Z", "ms": 904217514241.6619 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-26T05:04:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-26T09:04:29Z", "ms": 904122268689.9591 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-27T07:31:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-27T11:31:54Z", "ms": 904217514241.6619 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-26T12:54:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-26T16:54:56Z", "ms": 904150495853.3928 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-26T13:42:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-26T17:42:56Z", "ms": 904153375853.3928 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-27T12:54:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-27T16:54:39Z", "ms": 904236878687.0088 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-27T13:42:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-27T17:42:39Z", "ms": 904239758687.0088 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 05:04 on Wed 26 Aug to 07:32 on Thu 27 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-26T09:04:29Z → 1998-08-27T11:31:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 26th, 12:55–13:43 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 19364 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1998 falls on Wednesday 26 August. Pañcamī runs from 05:04 on Wed 26 Aug to 07:32 on Thu 27 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10600, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-27T07:31:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-27T11:31:54Z", "ms": 904217514241.6619 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-28T09:57:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-28T13:57:41Z", "ms": 904312660775.2029 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-27T07:31:54-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-27T11:31:54Z", "ms": 904217514241.6619 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-28T09:57:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-28T13:57:41Z", "ms": 904312660775.2029 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-27T12:54:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-27T16:54:39Z", "ms": 904236878687.0088 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-27T13:42:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-27T17:42:39Z", "ms": 904239758687.0088 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-28T12:54:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-28T16:54:21Z", "ms": 904323261137.213 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-28T13:42:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-28T17:42:21Z", "ms": 904326141137.213 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:32 on Thu 27 Aug to 09:58 on Fri 28 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-27T11:31:54Z → 1998-08-28T13:57:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:55–13:43 on the 27th, 12:54–13:42 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10600 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Toronto, 1998: Thursday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1998 falls on Thursday 27 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:32 on Thu 27 Aug to 09:58 on Fri 28 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2670, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-28T09:57:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-28T13:57:41Z", "ms": 904312660775.2029 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-29T12:09:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-29T16:09:33Z", "ms": 904406973350.7223 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-28T09:57:41-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-28T13:57:41Z", "ms": 904312660775.2029 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-29T12:09:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-29T16:09:33Z", "ms": 904406973350.7223 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-28T12:54:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-28T16:54:21Z", "ms": 904323261137.213 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-28T13:42:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-28T17:42:21Z", "ms": 904326141137.213 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-29T12:54:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-29T16:54:03Z", "ms": 904409643218.1986 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-29T13:42:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-29T17:42:03Z", "ms": 904412523218.1986 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:58 on Fri 28 Aug to 12:10 on Sat 29 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-28T13:57:41Z → 1998-08-29T16:09:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:54–13:42 on the 28th, 12:54–13:42 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2670 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Friday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1998 falls on Friday 28 August. Saptamī runs from 09:58 on Fri 28 Aug to 12:10 on Sat 29 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-08-29", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 833, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1998-08-29T12:09:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-29T16:09:33Z", "ms": 904406973350.7223 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-30T13:55:38-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-30T17:55:38Z", "ms": 904499737713.7936 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-08-29T12:09:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-29T16:09:33Z", "ms": 904406973350.7223 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-30T13:55:38-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-30T17:55:38Z", "ms": 904499737713.7936 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-29T12:54:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-29T16:54:03Z", "ms": 904409643218.1986 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-29T13:42:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-29T17:42:03Z", "ms": 904412523218.1986 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-08-30T12:53:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-30T16:53:45Z", "ms": 904496024944.9541 }, "end": { "local": "1998-08-30T13:41:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-08-30T17:41:45Z", "ms": 904498904944.9541 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 12:10 on Sat 29 Aug to 13:56 on Sun 30 Aug.", "fact": "1998-08-29T16:09:33Z → 1998-08-30T17:55:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:54–13:42 on the 29th, 12:54–13:42 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 833 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-29", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-08-29", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Rādhāṣṭamī 1998 falls on Saturday 29 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 12:10 on Sat 29 Aug to 13:56 on Sun 30 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-09-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30806, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-01T15:33:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-01T19:33:43Z", "ms": 904678422593.658 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-02T15:15:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-02T19:15:52Z", "ms": 904763752105.2482 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-01T15:33:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-01T19:33:43Z", "ms": 904678422593.658 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-02T15:15:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-02T19:15:52Z", "ms": 904763752105.2482 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-01T06:41:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-01T10:41:19Z", "ms": 904646478669.31 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-01T06:41:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-01T10:41:19Z", "ms": 904646478669.31 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-02T06:42:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-02T10:42:26Z", "ms": 904732945764.2609 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-02T06:42:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-02T10:42:26Z", "ms": 904732945764.2609 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:34 on Tue 1 Sep to 15:16 on Wed 2 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-01T19:33:43Z → 1998-09-02T19:15:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 1st and 06:42 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 1st and is on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30806 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Wednesday 2 September. Ekādaśī runs from 15:34 on Tue 1 Sep to 15:16 on Wed 2 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-09-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1950, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-02T15:15:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-02T19:15:52Z", "ms": 904763752105.2482 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-03T14:12:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-03T18:12:59Z", "ms": 904846378993.0933 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-02T15:15:52-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-02T19:15:52Z", "ms": 904763752105.2482 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-03T14:12:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-03T18:12:59Z", "ms": 904846378993.0933 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-02T12:52:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-02T16:52:48Z", "ms": 904755168163.1736 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-02T13:40:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-02T17:40:48Z", "ms": 904758048163.1736 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-03T12:52:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-03T16:52:29Z", "ms": 904841548640.7375 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-03T13:40:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-03T17:40:29Z", "ms": 904844428640.7375 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 15:16 on Wed 2 Sep to 14:13 on Thu 3 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-02T19:15:52Z → 1998-09-03T18:12:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:53–13:41 on the 2nd, 12:52–13:40 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 48 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1950 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vāmana Jayantī 1998 falls on Thursday 3 September. Dvādaśī runs from 15:16 on Wed 2 Sep to 14:13 on Thu 3 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-09-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20185, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-03T14:12:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-03T18:12:59Z", "ms": 904846378993.0933 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-04T12:28:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-04T16:28:42Z", "ms": 904926521651.3947 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-03T14:12:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-03T18:12:59Z", "ms": 904846378993.0933 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-04T12:28:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-04T16:28:42Z", "ms": 904926521651.3947 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-03T19:49:24-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-03T23:49:24Z", "ms": 904866564466.8776 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-03T21:16:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-04T01:16:47Z", "ms": 904871806514.8389 } }, "covered_min": 87, "window_min": 87, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-04T19:47:38-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-04T23:47:38Z", "ms": 904952857878.8658 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-04T21:15:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-05T01:15:23Z", "ms": 904958123069.4929 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:13 on Thu 3 Sep to 12:29 on Fri 4 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-03T18:12:59Z → 1998-09-04T16:28:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:49–21:17 on the 3rd, 19:48–21:15 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 87 of 87 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 88 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20185 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Thursday 3 September. Trayodaśī runs from 14:13 on Thu 3 Sep to 12:29 on Fri 4 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-09-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2831, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-04T12:28:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-04T16:28:42Z", "ms": 904926521651.3947 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-05T10:08:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-05T14:08:58Z", "ms": 905004538158.4009 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-04T12:28:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-04T16:28:42Z", "ms": 904926521651.3947 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-05T10:08:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-05T14:08:58Z", "ms": 905004538158.4009 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-04T06:44:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-04T10:44:40Z", "ms": 904905879826.5874 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-04T09:21:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-04T13:21:15Z", "ms": 904915275437.0431 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 157, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-05T06:45:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-05T10:45:47Z", "ms": 904992346808.5685 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-05T09:21:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-05T13:21:48Z", "ms": 905001707613.1859 } }, "covered_min": 156, "window_min": 156, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:29 on Fri 4 Sep to 10:09 on Sat 5 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-04T16:28:42Z → 1998-09-05T14:08:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:45–09:21 on the 4th, 06:46–09:22 on the 5th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 157 minutes on the 4th and 156 of 156 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2831 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Ananta Caturdaśī 1998 falls on Saturday 5 September. Caturdaśī runs from 12:29 on Fri 4 Sep to 10:09 on Sat 5 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-09-08", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-08", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1221, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-08T21:38:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-09T01:38:06Z", "ms": 905305086150.8016 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-09T18:26:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-09T22:26:27Z", "ms": 905379986945.2509 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-08T21:38:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-09T01:38:06Z", "ms": 905305086150.8016 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-09T18:26:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-09T22:26:27Z", "ms": 905379986945.2509 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-08T21:17:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-09T01:17:45Z", "ms": 905303865092.453 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-08T21:17:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-09T01:17:45Z", "ms": 905303865092.453 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-09T21:54:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-10T01:54:05Z", "ms": 905392445121.4232 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-09T21:54:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-10T01:54:05Z", "ms": 905392445121.4232 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:38 on Tue 8 Sep to 18:26 on Wed 9 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-09T01:38:06Z → 1998-09-09T22:26:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:18 on the 8th and 21:54 on the 9th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1221 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-08", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Tuesday 8 September. Caturthī runs from 21:38 on Tue 8 Sep to 18:26 on Wed 9 Sep, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-09-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25380, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-10T15:30:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-10T19:30:00Z", "ms": 905455800209.9305 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-11T12:55:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-11T16:55:45Z", "ms": 905532945478.216 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-10T15:30:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-10T19:30:00Z", "ms": 905455800209.9305 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-11T12:55:45-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-11T16:55:45Z", "ms": 905532945478.216 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-10T22:33:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-11T02:33:00Z", "ms": 905481180406.7094 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-10T22:33:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-11T02:33:00Z", "ms": 905481180406.7094 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-11T23:15:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-12T03:15:39Z", "ms": 905570138800.2697 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-11T23:15:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-12T03:15:39Z", "ms": 905570138800.2697 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:30 on Thu 10 Sep to 12:56 on Fri 11 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-10T19:30:00Z → 1998-09-11T16:55:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:33 on the 10th and 23:16 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25380 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1998 falls on Thursday 10 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:30 on Thu 10 Sep to 12:56 on Fri 11 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31430, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-12T10:49:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-12T14:49:21Z", "ms": 905611761456.3137 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-13T09:14:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-13T13:14:48Z", "ms": 905692488433.1366 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-12T10:49:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-12T14:49:21Z", "ms": 905611761456.3137 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-13T09:14:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-13T13:14:48Z", "ms": 905692488433.1366 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-12T19:33:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-12T23:33:11Z", "ms": 905643191439.9937 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-12T21:04:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-13T01:04:04Z", "ms": 905648643652.7982 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-13T19:31:22-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-13T23:31:22Z", "ms": 905729481905.1768 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-13T21:02:38-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-14T01:02:38Z", "ms": 905734957689.5958 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 10:49 on Sat 12 Sep to 09:15 on Sun 13 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-12T14:49:21Z → 1998-09-13T13:14:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:33–21:04 on the 12th, 19:31–21:03 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 91 of 91 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 91 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31430 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1998 falls on Saturday 12 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 10:49 on Sat 12 Sep to 09:15 on Sun 13 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33122, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-12T10:49:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-12T14:49:21Z", "ms": 905611761456.3137 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-13T09:14:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-13T13:14:48Z", "ms": 905692488433.1366 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-12T10:49:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-12T14:49:21Z", "ms": 905611761456.3137 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-13T09:14:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-13T13:14:48Z", "ms": 905692488433.1366 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-11T23:15:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-12T03:15:39Z", "ms": 905570138800.2697 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-11T23:15:39-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-12T03:15:39Z", "ms": 905570138800.2697 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-13T00:02:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-13T04:02:47Z", "ms": 905659366763.1019 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-13T00:02:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-13T04:02:47Z", "ms": 905659366763.1019 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 10:49 on Sat 12 Sep to 09:15 on Sun 13 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-12T14:49:21Z → 1998-09-13T13:14:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:16 on the 11th and 00:03 on the 12th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33122 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1998 falls on Saturday 12 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 10:49 on Sat 12 Sep to 09:15 on Sun 13 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-09-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3075, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-15T07:48:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-15T11:48:13Z", "ms": 905860092538.6788 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-16T07:55:22-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-16T11:55:22Z", "ms": 905946921697.5164 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-15T07:48:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-15T11:48:13Z", "ms": 905860092538.6788 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-16T07:55:22-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-16T11:55:22Z", "ms": 905946921697.5164 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-15T06:56:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-15T10:56:58Z", "ms": 905857017620.6471 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-15T06:56:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-15T10:56:58Z", "ms": 905857017620.6471 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-16T06:58:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-16T10:58:05Z", "ms": 905943485039.7491 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-16T06:58:05-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-16T10:58:05Z", "ms": 905943485039.7491 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:48 on Tue 15 Sep to 07:55 on Wed 16 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-15T11:48:13Z → 1998-09-16T11:55:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:57 on the 15th and 06:58 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3075 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 16 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Indirā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Wednesday 16 September. Ekādaśī runs from 07:48 on Tue 15 Sep to 07:55 on Wed 16 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-09-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-09-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34972, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-17T08:33:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-17T12:33:25Z", "ms": 906035604706.5844 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-18T09:39:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-18T13:39:20Z", "ms": 906125960430.0046 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-17T08:33:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-17T12:33:25Z", "ms": 906035604706.5844 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-18T09:39:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-18T13:39:20Z", "ms": 906125960430.0046 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-17T19:24:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-17T23:24:02Z", "ms": 906074642344.7325 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-17T20:56:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-18T00:56:53Z", "ms": 906080212720.529 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-18T19:22:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-18T23:22:12Z", "ms": 906160932239.3577 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-18T20:55:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-19T00:55:26Z", "ms": 906166526324.8721 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:33 on Thu 17 Sep to 09:39 on Fri 18 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-17T12:33:25Z → 1998-09-18T13:39:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:24–20:57 on the 17th, 19:22–20:55 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 93 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34972 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 17 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Thursday 17 September. Trayodaśī runs from 08:33 on Thu 17 Sep to 09:39 on Fri 18 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-09-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-09-18", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28989, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-18T09:39:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-18T13:39:20Z", "ms": 906125960430.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-19T11:09:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-19T15:09:51Z", "ms": 906217790534.9814 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-18T09:39:20-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-18T13:39:20Z", "ms": 906125960430.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-19T11:09:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-19T15:09:51Z", "ms": 906217790534.9814 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-18T00:48:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-18T04:48:11Z", "ms": 906094091253.9692 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-18T01:36:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-18T05:36:11Z", "ms": 906096971253.9692 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-19T00:47:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-19T04:47:50Z", "ms": 906180470060.0366 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-19T01:35:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-19T05:35:50Z", "ms": 906183350060.0366 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:39 on Fri 18 Sep to 11:10 on Sat 19 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-18T13:39:20Z → 1998-09-19T15:09:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:48–01:36 on the 17th, 00:48–01:36 on the 18th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28989 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Friday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Friday 18 September. Caturdaśī runs from 09:39 on Fri 18 Sep to 11:10 on Sat 19 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-09-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4960, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1998-09-19T11:09:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-19T15:09:51Z", "ms": 906217790534.9814 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-20T13:01:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-20T17:01:29Z", "ms": 906310889303.4702 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-19T11:09:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-19T15:09:51Z", "ms": 906217790534.9814 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-20T13:01:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-20T17:01:29Z", "ms": 906310889303.4702 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-19T14:24:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-19T18:24:48Z", "ms": 906229488413.9774 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-19T16:52:35-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-19T20:52:35Z", "ms": 906238355258.398 } }, "covered_min": 148, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-20T14:24:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-20T18:24:09Z", "ms": 906315849461.5962 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-20T16:51:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-20T20:51:21Z", "ms": 906324680711.9725 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 11:10 on Sat 19 Sep to 13:01 on Sun 20 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-19T15:09:51Z → 1998-09-20T17:01:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 14:25–16:53 on the 19th, 14:24–16:51 on the 20th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 148 of 148 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 147 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4960 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1998 falls on Saturday 19 September. Amāvasyā runs from 11:10 on Sat 19 Sep to 13:01 on Sun 20 Sep and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 895, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1998-09-20T13:01:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-20T17:01:29Z", "ms": 906310889303.4702 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-21T15:10:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-21T19:10:36Z", "ms": 906405035900.9004 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-20T13:01:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-20T17:01:29Z", "ms": 906310889303.4702 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-21T15:10:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-21T19:10:36Z", "ms": 906405035900.9004 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-20T12:46:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-20T16:46:34Z", "ms": 906309993836.408 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-20T13:34:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-20T17:34:34Z", "ms": 906312873836.408 } }, "covered_min": 33, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-21T12:46:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-21T16:46:13Z", "ms": 906396372752.1738 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-21T13:34:13-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-21T17:34:13Z", "ms": 906399252752.1738 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 13:01 on Sun 20 Sep to 15:11 on Mon 21 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-20T17:01:29Z → 1998-09-21T19:10:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:47–13:35 on the 20th, 12:46–13:34 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 33 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 895 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Toronto, 1998: Monday 21 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1998 falls on Monday 21 September. Pratipadā runs from 13:01 on Sun 20 Sep to 15:11 on Mon 21 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 33 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-09-24", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23356, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-23T20:02:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-24T00:02:47Z", "ms": 906595366607.3861 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-24T22:33:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-25T02:33:19Z", "ms": 906690799451.4006 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-23T20:02:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-24T00:02:47Z", "ms": 906595366607.3861 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-24T22:33:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-25T02:33:19Z", "ms": 906690799451.4006 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-23T12:45:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-23T16:45:31Z", "ms": 906569130866.0328 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-23T13:33:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-23T17:33:31Z", "ms": 906572010866.0328 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-24T12:45:10-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-24T16:45:10Z", "ms": 906655510099.283 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-24T13:33:10-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-24T17:33:10Z", "ms": 906658390099.283 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:03 on Wed 23 Sep to 22:33 on Thu 24 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-24T00:02:47Z → 1998-09-25T02:33:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:46–13:34 on the 23rd, 12:45–13:33 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23356 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Thursday 24 September. Caturthī runs from 20:03 on Wed 23 Sep to 22:33 on Thu 24 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-09-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9324, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-27T03:00:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-27T07:00:11Z", "ms": 906879611023.8284 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-28T04:36:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-28T08:36:19Z", "ms": 906971779334.2498 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-27T03:00:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-27T07:00:11Z", "ms": 906879611023.8284 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-28T04:36:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-28T08:36:19Z", "ms": 906971779334.2498 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-27T07:10:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-27T11:10:34Z", "ms": 906894634244.2324 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-27T07:58:15-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-27T11:58:15Z", "ms": 906897494841.2583 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-28T07:11:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-28T11:11:43Z", "ms": 906981103228.7891 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-28T07:59:12-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-28T11:59:12Z", "ms": 906983951949.3402 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 47, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 03:00 on Sun 27 Sep to 04:36 on Mon 28 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-27T07:00:11Z → 1998-09-28T08:36:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:11–07:58 on the 27th, 07:12–07:59 on the 28th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 47 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9324 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Durgā Saptamī 1998 falls on Sunday 27 September. Saptamī runs from 03:00 on Sun 27 Sep to 04:36 on Mon 28 Sep and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25707, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-28T04:36:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-28T08:36:19Z", "ms": 906971779334.2498 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-29T05:35:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-29T09:35:01Z", "ms": 907061701353.1208 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-28T04:36:19-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-28T08:36:19Z", "ms": 906971779334.2498 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-29T05:35:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-29T09:35:01Z", "ms": 907061701353.1208 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-28T12:43:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-28T16:43:49Z", "ms": 907001028632.9224 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-28T13:31:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-28T17:31:49Z", "ms": 907003908632.9224 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-29T12:43:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-29T16:43:29Z", "ms": 907087408761.2236 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-29T13:31:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-29T17:31:29Z", "ms": 907090288761.2236 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 04:36 on Mon 28 Sep to 05:35 on Tue 29 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-28T08:36:19Z → 1998-09-29T09:35:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:44–13:32 on the 28th, 12:43–13:31 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25707 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1998 falls on Monday 28 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 04:36 on Mon 28 Sep to 05:35 on Tue 29 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24822, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-29T05:35:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-29T09:35:01Z", "ms": 907061701353.1208 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-30T05:49:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-30T09:49:27Z", "ms": 907148966792.8064 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-29T05:35:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-29T09:35:01Z", "ms": 907061701353.1208 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-30T05:49:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-30T09:49:27Z", "ms": 907148966792.8064 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-29T12:43:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-29T16:43:29Z", "ms": 907087408761.2236 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-29T13:31:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-29T17:31:29Z", "ms": 907090288761.2236 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-30T12:43:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-30T16:43:09Z", "ms": 907173789126.9382 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-30T13:31:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-30T17:31:09Z", "ms": 907176669126.9382 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 05:35 on Tue 29 Sep to 05:49 on Wed 30 Sep.", "fact": "1998-09-29T09:35:01Z → 1998-09-30T09:49:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:43–13:31 on the 29th, 12:43–13:31 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24822 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Mahānavamī 1998 falls on Tuesday 29 September. Navamī runs from 05:35 on Tue 29 Sep to 05:49 on Wed 30 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7152, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1998-09-30T05:49:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-30T09:49:27Z", "ms": 907148966792.8064 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-01T05:15:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-01T09:15:59Z", "ms": 907233358899.0333 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-09-30T05:49:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-30T09:49:27Z", "ms": 907148966792.8064 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-01T05:15:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-01T09:15:59Z", "ms": 907233358899.0333 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-09-30T12:43:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-30T16:43:09Z", "ms": 907173789126.9382 }, "end": { "local": "1998-09-30T13:31:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-09-30T17:31:09Z", "ms": 907176669126.9382 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-01T12:42:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-01T16:42:50Z", "ms": 907260169751.1777 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-01T13:30:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-01T17:30:50Z", "ms": 907263049751.1777 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 05:49 on Wed 30 Sep to 05:16 on Thu 1 Oct.", "fact": "1998-09-30T09:49:27Z → 1998-10-01T09:15:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:43–13:31 on the 30th, 12:43–13:31 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time on neither day, so the rest of the rule applies. Daśamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7152 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1998 falls on Wednesday 30 September. Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time on neither day, so madhyāhna decides. Daśamī runs from 05:49 on Wed 30 Sep to 05:16 on Thu 1 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-10-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7152, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-01T05:15:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-01T09:15:59Z", "ms": 907233358899.0333 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-02T03:54:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-02T07:54:33Z", "ms": 907314873466.7008 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-01T05:15:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-01T09:15:59Z", "ms": 907233358899.0333 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-02T03:54:33-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-02T07:54:33Z", "ms": 907314873466.7008 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-01T07:15:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-01T11:15:11Z", "ms": 907240511300.2648 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-01T07:15:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-01T11:15:11Z", "ms": 907240511300.2648 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-02T07:16:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-02T11:16:21Z", "ms": 907326981062.6693 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-02T07:16:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-02T11:16:21Z", "ms": 907326981062.6693 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:16 on Thu 1 Oct to 03:55 on Fri 2 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-01T09:15:59Z → 1998-10-02T07:54:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:15 on the 1st and 07:16 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7152 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 1 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Thursday 1 October. Ekādaśī runs from 05:16 on Thu 1 Oct to 03:55 on Fri 2 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-10-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-10-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8975, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-03T01:48:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-03T05:48:26Z", "ms": 907393705932.3783 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-03T23:03:38-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-04T03:03:38Z", "ms": 907470218017.2872 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-03T01:48:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-03T05:48:26Z", "ms": 907393705932.3783 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-03T23:03:38-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-04T03:03:38Z", "ms": 907470218017.2872 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-02T18:56:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-02T22:56:40Z", "ms": 907369000248.0238 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-02T20:35:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-03T00:35:27Z", "ms": 907374927021.0847 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-03T18:54:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-03T22:54:53Z", "ms": 907455292677.7489 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-03T20:34:03-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-04T00:34:03Z", "ms": 907461243155.8141 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:48 on Sat 3 Oct to 23:04 on Sat 3 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-03T05:48:26Z → 1998-10-04T03:03:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:57–20:35 on the 2nd, 18:55–20:34 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 99 minutes on the 2nd and 99 of 99 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8975 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 3 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Saturday 3 October. Trayodaśī runs from 01:48 on Sat 3 Oct to 23:04 on Sat 3 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-10-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16711, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-08T05:02:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-08T09:02:29Z", "ms": 907837348843.8062 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-09T01:47:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-09T05:47:58Z", "ms": 907912077507.6199 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-08T05:02:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-08T09:02:29Z", "ms": 907837348843.8062 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-09T01:47:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-09T05:47:58Z", "ms": 907912077507.6199 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-07T20:26:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-08T00:26:58Z", "ms": 907806418487.4354 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-07T20:26:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-08T00:26:58Z", "ms": 907806418487.4354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-08T21:09:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-09T01:09:27Z", "ms": 907895366877.6614 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-08T21:09:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-09T01:09:27Z", "ms": 907895366877.6614 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:02 on Thu 8 Oct to 01:48 on Fri 9 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-08T09:02:29Z → 1998-10-09T05:47:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:27 on the 7th and 21:09 on the 8th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16711 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1998 falls on Thursday 8 October. Caturthī runs from 05:02 on Thu 8 Oct to 01:48 on Fri 9 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-10-08", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16711, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-08T05:02:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-08T09:02:29Z", "ms": 907837348843.8062 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-09T01:47:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-09T05:47:58Z", "ms": 907912077507.6199 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-08T05:02:29-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-08T09:02:29Z", "ms": 907837348843.8062 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-09T01:47:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-09T05:47:58Z", "ms": 907912077507.6199 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-07T20:26:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-08T00:26:58Z", "ms": 907806418487.4354 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-07T20:26:58-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-08T00:26:58Z", "ms": 907806418487.4354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-08T21:09:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-09T01:09:27Z", "ms": 907895366877.6614 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-08T21:09:27-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-09T01:09:27Z", "ms": 907895366877.6614 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:02 on Thu 8 Oct to 01:48 on Fri 9 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-08T09:02:29Z → 1998-10-09T05:47:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:27 on the 7th and 21:09 on the 8th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16711 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Thursday 8 October. Caturthī runs from 05:02 on Thu 8 Oct to 01:48 on Fri 9 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-10-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14938, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-11T19:35:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-11T23:35:09Z", "ms": 908148908840.5765 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-12T18:58:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-12T22:58:04Z", "ms": 908233083949.2777 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-11T19:35:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-11T23:35:09Z", "ms": 908148908840.5765 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-12T18:58:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-12T22:58:04Z", "ms": 908233083949.2777 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-11T23:44:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-12T03:44:07Z", "ms": 908163846555.2034 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-11T23:44:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-12T03:44:07Z", "ms": 908163846555.2034 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-13T00:42:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-13T04:42:59Z", "ms": 908253778707.3846 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-13T00:42:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-13T04:42:59Z", "ms": 908253778707.3846 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 19:35 on Sun 11 Oct to 18:58 on Mon 12 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-11T23:35:09Z → 1998-10-12T22:58:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:44 on the 11th and 00:43 on the 12th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 11th and is not on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14938 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 11 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1998 falls on Sunday 11 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 19:35 on Sun 11 Oct to 18:58 on Mon 12 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-10-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36935, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-14T19:54:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-14T23:54:21Z", "ms": 908409260807.8652 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-15T21:17:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T01:17:32Z", "ms": 908500651943.6857 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-14T19:54:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-14T23:54:21Z", "ms": 908409260807.8652 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-15T21:17:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T01:17:32Z", "ms": 908500651943.6857 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-15T07:31:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-15T11:31:53Z", "ms": 908451112868.4888 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-15T07:31:53-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-15T11:31:53Z", "ms": 908451112868.4888 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-16T07:33:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T11:33:07Z", "ms": 908537586782.5526 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-16T07:33:07-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T11:33:07Z", "ms": 908537586782.5526 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:54 on Wed 14 Oct to 21:18 on Thu 15 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-14T23:54:21Z → 1998-10-16T01:17:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:32 on the 15th and 07:33 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36935 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Ramā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Thursday 15 October. Ekādaśī runs from 19:54 on Wed 14 Oct to 21:18 on Thu 15 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-10-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3575, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-15T21:17:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T01:17:32Z", "ms": 908500651943.6857 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-16T23:07:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T03:07:48Z", "ms": 908593668418.8948 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-15T21:17:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T01:17:32Z", "ms": 908500651943.6857 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-16T23:07:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T03:07:48Z", "ms": 908593668418.8948 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-15T18:34:04-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-15T22:34:04Z", "ms": 908490844343.0137 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-15T20:17:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T00:17:57Z", "ms": 908497076668.2855 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-16T18:32:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T22:32:25Z", "ms": 908577144893.2495 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-16T20:16:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T00:16:40Z", "ms": 908583400377.8118 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 21:18 on Thu 15 Oct to 23:08 on Fri 16 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-16T01:17:32Z → 1998-10-17T03:07:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:34–20:18 on the 15th, 18:32–20:17 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 15th and 104 of 104 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3575 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 16 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1998 falls on Friday 16 October. Dvādaśī runs from 21:18 on Thu 15 Oct to 23:08 on Fri 16 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10268, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-16T23:07:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T03:07:48Z", "ms": 908593668418.8948 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-18T01:17:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z", "ms": 908687853829.1849 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-16T23:07:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T03:07:48Z", "ms": 908593668418.8948 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-18T01:17:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z", "ms": 908687853829.1849 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-16T18:32:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T22:32:25Z", "ms": 908577144893.2495 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-16T20:16:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T00:16:40Z", "ms": 908583400377.8118 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-17T18:30:46-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T22:30:46Z", "ms": 908663446302.7366 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-17T20:15:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T00:15:25Z", "ms": 908669724875.6251 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:08 on Fri 16 Oct to 01:18 on Sun 18 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-17T03:07:48Z → 1998-10-18T05:17:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:32–20:17 on the 16th, 18:31–20:15 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 16th and 105 of 105 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10268 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Yama Dīpadāna 1998 falls on Saturday 17 October. Trayodaśī runs from 23:08 on Fri 16 Oct to 01:18 on Sun 18 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-10-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10268, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-16T23:07:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T03:07:48Z", "ms": 908593668418.8948 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-18T01:17:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z", "ms": 908687853829.1849 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-16T23:07:48-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T03:07:48Z", "ms": 908593668418.8948 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-18T01:17:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z", "ms": 908687853829.1849 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-16T18:32:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-16T22:32:25Z", "ms": 908577144893.2495 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-16T20:16:40-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T00:16:40Z", "ms": 908583400377.8118 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-17T18:30:46-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-17T22:30:46Z", "ms": 908663446302.7366 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-17T20:15:25-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T00:15:25Z", "ms": 908669724875.6251 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:08 on Fri 16 Oct to 01:18 on Sun 18 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-17T03:07:48Z → 1998-10-18T05:17:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:32–20:17 on the 16th, 18:31–20:15 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 16th and 105 of 105 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10268 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Saturday 17 October. Trayodaśī runs from 23:08 on Fri 16 Oct to 01:18 on Sun 18 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-10-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7910, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-18T01:17:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z", "ms": 908687853829.1849 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-19T03:39:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z", "ms": 908782799075.0334 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-18T01:17:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z", "ms": 908687853829.1849 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-19T03:39:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z", "ms": 908782799075.0334 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-18T05:50:57-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T09:50:57Z", "ms": 908704257026.512 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-18T07:35:36-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T11:35:36Z", "ms": 908710535599.4005 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-19T05:51:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T09:51:49Z", "ms": 908790708908.0829 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-19T07:36:50-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T11:36:50Z", "ms": 908797010493.282 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:18 on Sun 18 Oct to 03:40 on Mon 19 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z → 1998-10-19T07:39:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:51–07:36 on the 18th, 05:52–07:37 on the 19th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 105 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7910 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1998 falls on Sunday 18 October. Caturdaśī runs from 01:18 on Sun 18 Oct to 03:40 on Mon 19 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-10-18", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-18", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 577, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-18T01:17:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z", "ms": 908687853829.1849 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-19T03:39:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z", "ms": 908782799075.0334 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-18T01:17:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z", "ms": 908687853829.1849 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-19T03:39:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z", "ms": 908782799075.0334 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-18T00:39:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T04:39:11Z", "ms": 908685550951.0686 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-18T01:27:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T05:27:11Z", "ms": 908688430951.0686 } }, "covered_min": 10, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-19T00:39:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T04:39:00Z", "ms": 908771939548.7854 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-19T01:27:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T05:27:00Z", "ms": 908774819548.7854 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 01:18 on Sun 18 Oct to 03:40 on Mon 19 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-18T05:17:34Z → 1998-10-19T07:39:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:39–01:27 on the 17th, 00:39–01:27 on the 18th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 10 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 577 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-18", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-18", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Sunday 18 October. Caturdaśī runs from 01:18 on Sun 18 Oct to 03:40 on Mon 19 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the previous night for 10 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-10-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26749, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1998-10-19T03:39:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z", "ms": 908782799075.0334 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-19T03:39:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z", "ms": 908782799075.0334 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-18T18:29:09-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-18T22:29:09Z", "ms": 908749748604.2887 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-18T20:14:10-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T00:14:10Z", "ms": 908756050189.4878 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-19T18:27:32-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T22:27:32Z", "ms": 908836051830.8933 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-19T20:12:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T00:12:56Z", "ms": 908842376347.1469 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 03:40 on Mon 19 Oct to 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z → 1998-10-20T10:09:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:29–20:14 on the 18th, 18:28–20:13 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 18th and 105 of 105 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26749 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Toronto, 1998: Monday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1998 falls on Monday 19 October. Amāvasyā runs from 03:40 on Mon 19 Oct to 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7980, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1998-10-19T03:39:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z", "ms": 908782799075.0334 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-19T03:39:59-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z", "ms": 908782799075.0334 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-19T00:39:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T04:39:00Z", "ms": 908771939548.7854 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-19T01:27:00-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-19T05:27:00Z", "ms": 908774819548.7854 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T00:38:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T04:38:49Z", "ms": 908858328766.8439 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-20T01:26:49-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T05:26:49Z", "ms": 908861208766.8439 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 03:40 on Mon 19 Oct to 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-19T07:39:59Z → 1998-10-20T10:09:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 00:39–01:27 on the 18th, 00:39–01:27 on the 19th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7980 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Toronto, 1998: Monday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kālī Pūjā 1998 falls on Monday 19 October. Amāvasyā runs from 03:40 on Mon 19 Oct to 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14210, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T08:41:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T12:41:01Z", "ms": 908973660959.931 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T08:41:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T12:41:01Z", "ms": 908973660959.931 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T12:38:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T16:38:01Z", "ms": 908901480859.2981 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-20T13:26:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T17:26:01Z", "ms": 908904360859.2981 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-21T12:37:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T16:37:51Z", "ms": 908987871206.4994 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T13:25:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T17:25:51Z", "ms": 908990751206.4994 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct to 08:41 on Wed 21 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z → 1998-10-21T12:41:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:38–13:26 on the 20th, 12:38–13:26 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 14210 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Govardhana Pūjā 1998 falls on Tuesday 20 October. Pratipadā runs from 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct to 08:41 on Wed 21 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35000, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T08:41:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T12:41:01Z", "ms": 908973660959.931 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T08:41:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T12:41:01Z", "ms": 908973660959.931 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T18:25:56-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T22:25:56Z", "ms": 908922356015.8019 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-20T20:11:43-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T00:11:43Z", "ms": 908928703376.414 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-21T18:24:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T22:24:21Z", "ms": 909008661192.6063 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T20:10:31-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-22T00:10:31Z", "ms": 909015031305.236 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct to 08:41 on Wed 21 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z → 1998-10-21T12:41:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:26–20:12 on the 20th, 18:24–20:11 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 106 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35000 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Bali Pūjā 1998 falls on Tuesday 20 October. Pratipadā runs from 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct to 08:41 on Wed 21 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 3700, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T08:41:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T12:41:01Z", "ms": 908973660959.931 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T06:09:23-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z", "ms": 908878163206.5729 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T08:41:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T12:41:01Z", "ms": 908973660959.931 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-20T07:38:06-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T11:38:06Z", "ms": 908883485702.7944 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-20T11:14:02-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-20T15:14:02Z", "ms": 908896442473.7969 } }, "covered_min": 216, "window_min": 216, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-21T07:39:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T11:39:21Z", "ms": 908969961220.3925 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T11:14:21-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T15:14:21Z", "ms": 908982861211.1304 } }, "covered_min": 62, "window_min": 215, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct to 08:41 on Wed 21 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-20T10:09:23Z → 1998-10-21T12:41:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 07:38–11:14 on the 20th, 07:39–11:14 on the 21st.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 216 of 216 minutes on the 20th and 62 of 215 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both forenoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 3700 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Dyūta Pratipad 1998 falls on Tuesday 20 October. Pratipadā runs from 06:09 on Tue 20 Oct to 08:41 on Wed 21 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon. It also reaches the next forenoon for 62 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5236, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1998-10-21T08:41:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T12:41:01Z", "ms": 908973660959.931 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-22T11:10:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-22T15:10:26Z", "ms": 909069026272.2826 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-21T08:41:01-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T12:41:01Z", "ms": 908973660959.931 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-22T11:10:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-22T15:10:26Z", "ms": 909069026272.2826 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-21T12:37:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T16:37:51Z", "ms": 908987871206.4994 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-21T13:25:51-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-21T17:25:51Z", "ms": 908990751206.4994 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-22T12:37:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-22T16:37:42Z", "ms": 909074262216.3145 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-22T13:25:42-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-22T17:25:42Z", "ms": 909077142216.3145 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 08:41 on Wed 21 Oct to 11:10 on Thu 22 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-21T12:41:01Z → 1998-10-22T15:10:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:38–13:26 on the 21st, 12:38–13:26 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 5236 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1998 falls on Wednesday 21 October. Dvitīyā runs from 08:41 on Wed 21 Oct to 11:10 on Thu 22 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 434, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-23T13:32:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-23T17:32:47Z", "ms": 909163967412.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-24T15:42:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-24T19:42:11Z", "ms": 909258131364.5919 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-23T13:32:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-23T17:32:47Z", "ms": 909163967412.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-24T15:42:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-24T19:42:11Z", "ms": 909258131364.5919 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-23T12:37:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-23T16:37:34Z", "ms": 909160653901.0089 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-23T13:25:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-23T17:25:34Z", "ms": 909163533901.0089 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-24T12:37:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-24T16:37:26Z", "ms": 909247046272.5315 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-24T13:25:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-24T17:25:26Z", "ms": 909249926272.5315 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:33 on Fri 23 Oct to 15:42 on Sat 24 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-23T17:32:47Z → 1998-10-24T19:42:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:38–13:26 on the 23rd, 12:37–13:25 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 434 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Nāga Caturthī 1998 falls on Saturday 24 October. Caturthī runs from 13:33 on Fri 23 Oct to 15:42 on Sat 24 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-10-24", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 434, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-23T13:32:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-23T17:32:47Z", "ms": 909163967412.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-24T15:42:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-24T19:42:11Z", "ms": 909258131364.5919 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-23T13:32:47-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-23T17:32:47Z", "ms": 909163967412.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-24T15:42:11-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-24T19:42:11Z", "ms": 909258131364.5919 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-23T12:37:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-23T16:37:34Z", "ms": 909160653901.0089 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-23T13:25:34-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-23T17:25:34Z", "ms": 909163533901.0089 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-24T12:37:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-24T16:37:26Z", "ms": 909247046272.5315 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-24T13:25:26-04:00", "utc": "1998-10-24T17:25:26Z", "ms": 909249926272.5315 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:33 on Fri 23 Oct to 15:42 on Sat 24 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-23T17:32:47Z → 1998-10-24T19:42:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 12:38–13:26 on the 23rd, 12:37–13:25 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 434 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-24", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Saturday 24 October. Caturthī runs from 13:33 on Fri 23 Oct to 15:42 on Sat 24 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-10-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14774, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-25T16:31:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-25T21:31:33Z", "ms": 909351093215.4329 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-26T17:53:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-26T22:53:00Z", "ms": 909442379706.3696 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-25T16:31:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-25T21:31:33Z", "ms": 909351093215.4329 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-26T17:53:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-26T22:53:00Z", "ms": 909442379706.3696 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-25T11:37:19-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-25T16:37:19Z", "ms": 909333439342.5521 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-25T12:25:19-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-25T17:25:19Z", "ms": 909336319342.5521 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-26T11:37:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-26T16:37:13Z", "ms": 909419833122.5071 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-26T12:25:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-26T17:25:13Z", "ms": 909422713122.5071 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:32 on Sun 25 Oct to 17:53 on Mon 26 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-25T21:31:33Z → 1998-10-26T22:53:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 25th, 11:37–12:25 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14774 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 26 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1998 falls on Monday 26 October. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 16:32 on Sun 25 Oct to 17:53 on Mon 26 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22417, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-27T18:38:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-27T23:38:45Z", "ms": 909531524753.5771 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-28T18:42:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T23:42:22Z", "ms": 909618141928.9229 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-27T18:38:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-27T23:38:45Z", "ms": 909531524753.5771 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-28T18:42:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T23:42:22Z", "ms": 909618141928.9229 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-27T11:37:08-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-27T16:37:08Z", "ms": 909506227623.6598 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-27T12:25:08-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-27T17:25:08Z", "ms": 909509107623.6598 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-28T11:37:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T16:37:03Z", "ms": 909592622857.1875 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-28T12:25:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T17:25:03Z", "ms": 909595502857.1875 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 18:39 on Tue 27 Oct to 18:42 on Wed 28 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-27T23:38:45Z → 1998-10-28T23:42:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 27th, 11:37–12:25 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22417 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Gopāṣṭamī 1998 falls on Wednesday 28 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 18:39 on Tue 27 Oct to 18:42 on Wed 28 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27761, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-28T18:42:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T23:42:22Z", "ms": 909618141928.9229 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-29T17:59:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-29T22:59:52Z", "ms": 909701991534.609 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-28T18:42:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T23:42:22Z", "ms": 909618141928.9229 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-29T17:59:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-29T22:59:52Z", "ms": 909701991534.609 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-28T06:48:18-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T11:48:18Z", "ms": 909575297589.4701 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-28T10:16:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T15:16:48Z", "ms": 909587807767.9484 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 209, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-29T06:49:35-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-29T11:49:35Z", "ms": 909661775161.957 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-29T10:17:11-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-29T15:17:11Z", "ms": 909674230943.5232 } }, "covered_min": 208, "window_min": 208, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 18:42 on Wed 28 Oct to 18:00 on Thu 29 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-28T23:42:22Z → 1998-10-29T22:59:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:48–10:17 on the 28th, 06:50–10:17 on the 29th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 209 minutes on the 28th and 208 of 208 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27761 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1998 falls on Thursday 29 October. Navamī runs from 18:42 on Wed 28 Oct to 18:00 on Thu 29 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20093, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-28T18:42:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T23:42:22Z", "ms": 909618141928.9229 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-29T17:59:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-29T22:59:52Z", "ms": 909701991534.609 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-28T18:42:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T23:42:22Z", "ms": 909618141928.9229 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-29T17:59:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-29T22:59:52Z", "ms": 909701991534.609 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-28T11:37:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T16:37:03Z", "ms": 909592622857.1875 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-28T12:25:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-28T17:25:03Z", "ms": 909595502857.1875 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-29T11:36:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-29T16:36:59Z", "ms": 909679018834.3062 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-29T12:24:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-29T17:24:59Z", "ms": 909681898834.3062 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 18:42 on Wed 28 Oct to 18:00 on Thu 29 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-28T23:42:22Z → 1998-10-29T22:59:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 28th, 11:37–12:25 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20093 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Toronto, 1998: Thursday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Durgā Navamī 1998 falls on Thursday 29 October. Navamī runs from 18:42 on Wed 28 Oct to 18:00 on Thu 29 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-10-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26654, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-10-30T16:30:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-30T21:30:23Z", "ms": 909783022955.9021 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-31T14:16:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-31T19:16:25Z", "ms": 909861384517.9103 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-10-30T16:30:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-30T21:30:23Z", "ms": 909783022955.9021 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-31T14:16:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-31T19:16:25Z", "ms": 909861384517.9103 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-30T06:50:53-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-30T11:50:53Z", "ms": 909748252924.4226 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-30T06:50:53-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-30T11:50:53Z", "ms": 909748252924.4226 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-10-31T06:52:11-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-31T11:52:11Z", "ms": 909834730860.6636 }, "end": { "local": "1998-10-31T06:52:11-05:00", "utc": "1998-10-31T11:52:11Z", "ms": 909834730860.6636 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:30 on Fri 30 Oct to 14:16 on Sat 31 Oct.", "fact": "1998-10-30T21:30:23Z → 1998-10-31T19:16:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:51 on the 30th and 06:52 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26654 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Saturday 31 October. Ekādaśī runs from 16:30 on Fri 30 Oct to 14:16 on Sat 31 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-10-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-11-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20688, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-01T11:23:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-01T16:23:26Z", "ms": 909937405563.1315 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-02T07:59:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-02T12:59:22Z", "ms": 910011562319.3094 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-01T11:23:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-01T16:23:26Z", "ms": 909937405563.1315 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-02T07:59:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-02T12:59:22Z", "ms": 910011562319.3094 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-01T17:08:14-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-01T22:08:14Z", "ms": 909958093732.6561 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-01T18:58:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-01T23:58:26Z", "ms": 909964706193.5306 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-02T17:06:54-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-02T22:06:54Z", "ms": 910044413637.9607 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-02T18:57:27-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-02T23:57:27Z", "ms": 910051047226.2096 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:23 on Sun 1 Nov to 07:59 on Mon 2 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-01T16:23:26Z → 1998-11-02T12:59:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:08–18:58 on the 1st, 17:07–18:57 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 110 of 110 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 111 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20688 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Sunday 1 November. Trayodaśī runs from 11:23 on Sun 1 Nov to 07:59 on Mon 2 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-11-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26571, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-11-03T04:13:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-03T09:13:59Z", "ms": 910084439028.0663 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-04T00:18:12-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-04T05:18:12Z", "ms": 910156691519.1667 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-03T04:13:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-03T09:13:59Z", "ms": 910084439028.0663 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-04T00:18:12-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-04T05:18:12Z", "ms": 910156691519.1667 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-03T11:36:50-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-03T16:36:50Z", "ms": 910111010289.0092 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-03T12:24:50-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-03T17:24:50Z", "ms": 910113890289.0092 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-04T11:36:51-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-04T16:36:51Z", "ms": 910197410983.074 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-04T12:24:51-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-04T17:24:51Z", "ms": 910200290983.074 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:14 on Tue 3 Nov to 00:18 on Wed 4 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-03T09:13:59Z → 1998-11-04T05:18:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 3rd, 11:37–12:25 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26571 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1998 falls on Tuesday 3 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:14 on Tue 3 Nov to 00:18 on Wed 4 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 438, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-11-03T04:13:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-03T09:13:59Z", "ms": 910084439028.0663 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-04T00:18:12-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-04T05:18:12Z", "ms": 910156691519.1667 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-03T04:13:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-03T09:13:59Z", "ms": 910084439028.0663 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-04T00:18:12-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-04T05:18:12Z", "ms": 910156691519.1667 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-02T23:37:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-03T04:37:30Z", "ms": 910067849593.894 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-03T00:25:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-03T05:25:30Z", "ms": 910070729593.894 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-03T23:37:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-04T04:37:30Z", "ms": 910154249524.206 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-04T00:25:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-04T05:25:30Z", "ms": 910157129524.206 } }, "covered_min": 41, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:14 on Tue 3 Nov to 00:18 on Wed 4 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-03T09:13:59Z → 1998-11-04T05:18:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:37–00:25 on the 2nd, 23:37–00:25 on the 3rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 41 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 438 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Rāsayātrā 1998 falls on Tuesday 3 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:14 on Tue 3 Nov to 00:18 on Wed 4 Nov and covers 41 of 48 minutes of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-11-06", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22225, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-06T13:24:40-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-06T18:24:40Z", "ms": 910376680043.7949 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-07T10:42:14-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-07T15:42:14Z", "ms": 910453334466.3201 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-06T13:24:40-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-06T18:24:40Z", "ms": 910376680043.7949 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-07T10:42:14-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-07T15:42:14Z", "ms": 910453334466.3201 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-06T19:35:05-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-07T00:35:05Z", "ms": 910398904995.5114 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-06T19:35:05-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-07T00:35:05Z", "ms": 910398904995.5114 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-07T20:31:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-08T01:31:25Z", "ms": 910488684589.5498 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-07T20:31:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-08T01:31:25Z", "ms": 910488684589.5498 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:25 on Fri 6 Nov to 10:42 on Sat 7 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-06T18:24:40Z → 1998-11-07T15:42:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:35 on the 6th and 20:31 on the 7th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22225 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Friday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Friday 6 November. Caturthī runs from 13:25 on Fri 6 Nov to 10:42 on Sat 7 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-11-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-11-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14049, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-13T11:03:20-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-13T16:03:20Z", "ms": 910973000127.2115 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-14T13:21:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-14T18:21:52Z", "ms": 911067712281.0818 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-13T11:03:20-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-13T16:03:20Z", "ms": 910973000127.2115 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-14T13:21:52-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-14T18:21:52Z", "ms": 911067712281.0818 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-13T07:09:11-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-13T12:09:11Z", "ms": 910958951425.6829 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-13T07:09:11-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-13T12:09:11Z", "ms": 910958951425.6829 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-14T07:10:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-14T12:10:30Z", "ms": 911045429572.719 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-14T07:10:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-14T12:10:30Z", "ms": 911045429572.719 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:03 on Fri 13 Nov to 13:22 on Sat 14 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-13T16:03:20Z → 1998-11-14T18:21:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:09 on the 13th and 07:10 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14049 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Saturday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Saturday 14 November. Ekādaśī runs from 11:03 on Fri 13 Nov to 13:22 on Sat 14 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-11-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-11-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-15", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 984, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-15T15:53:53-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-15T20:53:53Z", "ms": 911163233077.5511 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-16T18:29:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-16T23:29:49Z", "ms": 911258989470.1885 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-15T15:53:53-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-15T20:53:53Z", "ms": 911163233077.5511 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-16T18:29:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-16T23:29:49Z", "ms": 911258989470.1885 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-15T16:52:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-15T21:52:03Z", "ms": 911166722804.7074 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-15T18:46:51-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-15T23:46:51Z", "ms": 911173611111.9664 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-16T16:51:07-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-16T21:51:07Z", "ms": 911253067249.7827 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-16T18:46:13-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-16T23:46:13Z", "ms": 911259973270.2397 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:54 on Sun 15 Nov to 18:30 on Mon 16 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-15T20:53:53Z → 1998-11-16T23:29:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:52–18:47 on the 15th, 16:51–18:46 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 115 of 115 minutes on the 15th and 99 of 115 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 984 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 15 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-15", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-15", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Sunday 15 November. Trayodaśī runs from 15:54 on Sun 15 Nov to 18:30 on Mon 16 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 99 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-11-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-11-16", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9390, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-16T18:29:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-16T23:29:49Z", "ms": 911258989470.1885 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-17T21:02:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-18T02:02:26Z", "ms": 911354546480.7443 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-16T18:29:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-16T23:29:49Z", "ms": 911258989470.1885 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-17T21:02:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-18T02:02:26Z", "ms": 911354546480.7443 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-16T23:38:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-17T04:38:45Z", "ms": 911277524826.4963 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-17T00:26:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-17T05:26:45Z", "ms": 911280404826.4963 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-17T23:38:57-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-18T04:38:57Z", "ms": 911363936523.626 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-18T00:26:57-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-18T05:26:57Z", "ms": 911366816523.626 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:30 on Mon 16 Nov to 21:02 on Tue 17 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-16T23:29:49Z → 1998-11-18T02:02:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:39–00:27 on the 16th, 23:39–00:27 on the 17th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9390 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Monday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Monday 16 November. Caturdaśī runs from 18:30 on Mon 16 Nov to 21:02 on Tue 17 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-11-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-11-22", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18061, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-22T05:18:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-22T10:18:47Z", "ms": 911729926732.1896 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-23T06:38:46-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-23T11:38:46Z", "ms": 911821126019.9854 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-22T05:18:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-22T10:18:47Z", "ms": 911729926732.1896 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-23T06:38:46-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-23T11:38:46Z", "ms": 911821126019.9854 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-22T11:39:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-22T16:39:30Z", "ms": 911752769965.2859 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-22T12:27:30-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-22T17:27:30Z", "ms": 911755649965.2859 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-23T11:39:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-23T16:39:47Z", "ms": 911839186750.5706 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-23T12:27:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-23T17:27:47Z", "ms": 911842066750.5706 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:19 on Sun 22 Nov to 06:39 on Mon 23 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-22T10:18:47Z → 1998-11-23T11:38:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 22nd, 11:40–12:28 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18061 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 22 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Sunday 22 November. Caturthī runs from 05:19 on Sun 22 Nov to 06:39 on Mon 23 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-11-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14826, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-23T06:38:46-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-23T11:38:46Z", "ms": 911821126019.9854 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-24T07:32:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T12:32:59Z", "ms": 911910778502.6863 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-23T06:38:46-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-23T11:38:46Z", "ms": 911821126019.9854 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-24T07:32:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T12:32:59Z", "ms": 911910778502.6863 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-23T11:39:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-23T16:39:47Z", "ms": 911839186750.5706 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-23T12:27:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-23T17:27:47Z", "ms": 911842066750.5706 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-24T11:40:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T16:40:04Z", "ms": 911925604304.4922 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-24T12:28:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T17:28:04Z", "ms": 911928484304.4922 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 06:39 on Mon 23 Nov to 07:33 on Tue 24 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-23T11:38:46Z → 1998-11-24T12:32:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 23rd, 11:40–12:28 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14826 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Toronto, 1998: Monday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1998 falls on Monday 23 November. Pañcamī runs from 06:39 on Mon 23 Nov to 07:33 on Tue 24 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13452, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-24T07:32:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T12:32:59Z", "ms": 911910778502.6863 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-25T07:56:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T12:56:10Z", "ms": 911998570473.8883 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-24T07:32:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T12:32:59Z", "ms": 911910778502.6863 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-25T07:56:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T12:56:10Z", "ms": 911998570473.8883 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-24T11:40:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T16:40:04Z", "ms": 911925604304.4922 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-24T12:28:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T17:28:04Z", "ms": 911928484304.4922 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-25T11:40:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T16:40:23Z", "ms": 912012022611.06 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-25T12:28:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T17:28:23Z", "ms": 912014902611.06 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:33 on Tue 24 Nov to 07:56 on Wed 25 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-24T12:32:59Z → 1998-11-25T12:56:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 24th, 11:40–12:28 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13452 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1998 falls on Tuesday 24 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:33 on Tue 24 Nov to 07:56 on Wed 25 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13452, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-24T07:32:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T12:32:59Z", "ms": 911910778502.6863 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-25T07:56:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T12:56:10Z", "ms": 911998570473.8883 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-24T07:32:59-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T12:32:59Z", "ms": 911910778502.6863 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-25T07:56:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T12:56:10Z", "ms": 911998570473.8883 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-24T11:40:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T16:40:04Z", "ms": 911925604304.4922 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-24T12:28:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-24T17:28:04Z", "ms": 911928484304.4922 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-25T11:40:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T16:40:23Z", "ms": 912012022611.06 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-25T12:28:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T17:28:23Z", "ms": 912014902611.06 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:33 on Tue 24 Nov to 07:56 on Wed 25 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-24T12:32:59Z → 1998-11-25T12:56:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 24th, 11:40–12:28 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13452 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1998 falls on Tuesday 24 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:33 on Tue 24 Nov to 07:56 on Wed 25 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13452, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-25T07:56:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T12:56:10Z", "ms": 911998570473.8883 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-26T07:43:31-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-26T12:43:31Z", "ms": 912084210826.9707 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-25T07:56:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T12:56:10Z", "ms": 911998570473.8883 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-26T07:43:31-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-26T12:43:31Z", "ms": 912084210826.9707 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-25T11:40:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T16:40:23Z", "ms": 912012022611.06 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-25T12:28:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-25T17:28:23Z", "ms": 912014902611.06 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-26T11:40:42-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-26T16:40:42Z", "ms": 912098441653.6924 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-26T12:28:42-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-26T17:28:42Z", "ms": 912101321653.6924 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 07:56 on Wed 25 Nov to 07:44 on Thu 26 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-25T12:56:10Z → 1998-11-26T12:43:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 25th, 11:41–12:29 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13452 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 25 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Mitra Saptamī 1998 falls on Wednesday 25 November. Saptamī runs from 07:56 on Wed 25 Nov to 07:44 on Thu 26 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-11-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15669, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-29T03:07:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-29T08:07:55Z", "ms": 912326874573.9204 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-30T00:22:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T05:22:15Z", "ms": 912403335078.9733 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-29T03:07:55-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-29T08:07:55Z", "ms": 912326874573.9204 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-30T00:22:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T05:22:15Z", "ms": 912403335078.9733 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-29T07:29:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-29T12:29:04Z", "ms": 912342544011.1161 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-29T07:29:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-29T12:29:04Z", "ms": 912342544011.1161 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-30T07:30:12-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T12:30:12Z", "ms": 912429011865.7911 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-30T07:30:12-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T12:30:12Z", "ms": 912429011865.7911 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:08 on Sun 29 Nov to 00:22 on Mon 30 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-29T08:07:55Z → 1998-11-30T05:22:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:29 on the 29th and 07:30 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15669 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 29 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Sunday 29 November. Ekādaśī runs from 03:08 on Sun 29 Nov to 00:22 on Mon 30 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-11-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31139, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-30T00:22:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T05:22:15Z", "ms": 912403335078.9733 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-30T21:09:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-01T02:09:03Z", "ms": 912478143410.2207 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-30T00:22:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T05:22:15Z", "ms": 912403335078.9733 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-30T21:09:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-01T02:09:03Z", "ms": 912478143410.2207 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-29T11:41:43-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-29T16:41:43Z", "ms": 912357703027.478 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-29T12:29:43-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-29T17:29:43Z", "ms": 912360583027.478 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-30T11:42:05-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T16:42:05Z", "ms": 912444124843.7671 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-30T12:30:05-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T17:30:05Z", "ms": 912447004843.7671 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 00:22 on Mon 30 Nov to 21:09 on Mon 30 Nov.", "fact": "1998-11-30T05:22:15Z → 1998-12-01T02:09:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 29th, 11:42–12:30 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31139 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1998 falls on Monday 30 November. Dvādaśī runs from 00:22 on Mon 30 Nov to 21:09 on Mon 30 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-12-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3334, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-11-30T21:09:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-01T02:09:03Z", "ms": 912478143410.2207 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-01T17:37:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-01T22:37:10Z", "ms": 912551830216.0927 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-11-30T21:09:03-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-01T02:09:03Z", "ms": 912478143410.2207 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-01T17:37:10-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-01T22:37:10Z", "ms": 912551830216.0927 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-11-30T16:41:58-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T21:41:58Z", "ms": 912462117821.7429 }, "end": { "local": "1998-11-30T18:40:33-05:00", "utc": "1998-11-30T23:40:33Z", "ms": 912469232589.6221 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-01T16:41:36-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-01T21:41:36Z", "ms": 912548496040.9176 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-01T18:40:22-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-01T23:40:22Z", "ms": 912555622448.9292 } }, "covered_min": 56, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:09 on Mon 30 Nov to 17:37 on Tue 1 Dec.", "fact": "1998-12-01T02:09:03Z → 1998-12-01T22:37:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:42–18:41 on the 30th, 16:42–18:40 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 119 minutes on the 30th and 56 of 119 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3334 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Tuesday 1 December. Trayodaśī runs from 21:09 on Mon 30 Nov to 17:37 on Tue 1 Dec and covers 56 of 119 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-12-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-12-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9867, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1998-12-02T13:56:50-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-02T18:56:50Z", "ms": 912625010137.0607 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-03T10:19:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-03T15:19:09Z", "ms": 912698349423.976 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-12-02T13:56:50-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-02T18:56:50Z", "ms": 912625010137.0607 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-03T10:19:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-03T15:19:09Z", "ms": 912698349423.976 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-02T16:41:17-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-02T21:41:17Z", "ms": 912634876723.849 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-02T18:40:14-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-02T23:40:14Z", "ms": 912642014276.9636 } }, "covered_min": 119, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-03T16:41:00-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-03T21:41:00Z", "ms": 912721259891.26 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-03T18:40:08-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-03T23:40:08Z", "ms": 912728408084.4669 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 119, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 13:57 on Wed 2 Dec to 10:19 on Thu 3 Dec.", "fact": "1998-12-02T18:56:50Z → 1998-12-03T15:19:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:41–18:40 on the 2nd, 16:41–18:40 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 119 of 119 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 119 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9867 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 2 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1998 falls on Wednesday 2 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 13:57 on Wed 2 Dec to 10:19 on Thu 3 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-12-06", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-12-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13251, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-12-06T01:34:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-06T06:34:48Z", "ms": 912926087519.9325 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-06T23:56:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-07T04:56:37Z", "ms": 913006597223.2458 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-12-06T01:34:48-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-06T06:34:48Z", "ms": 912926087519.9325 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-06T23:56:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-07T04:56:37Z", "ms": 913006597223.2458 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-05T19:12:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-06T00:12:25Z", "ms": 912903144933.1112 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-05T19:12:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-06T00:12:25Z", "ms": 912903144933.1112 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-06T20:15:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-07T01:15:47Z", "ms": 912993346669.894 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-06T20:15:47-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-07T01:15:47Z", "ms": 912993346669.894 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:35 on Sun 6 Dec to 23:57 on Sun 6 Dec.", "fact": "1998-12-06T06:34:48Z → 1998-12-07T04:56:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:12 on the 5th and 20:16 on the 6th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13251 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Sunday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1998 falls on Sunday 6 December. Caturthī runs from 01:35 on Sun 6 Dec to 23:57 on Sun 6 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1998-12-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-12-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-12-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4328, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-12-13T06:30:42-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-13T11:30:42Z", "ms": 913548641731.5673 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-14T09:08:29-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-14T14:08:29Z", "ms": 913644509107.5968 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-12-13T06:30:42-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-13T11:30:42Z", "ms": 913548641731.5673 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-14T09:08:29-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-14T14:08:29Z", "ms": 913644509107.5968 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-13T07:42:50-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-13T12:42:50Z", "ms": 913552970140.7925 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-13T07:42:50-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-13T12:42:50Z", "ms": 913552970140.7925 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-14T07:43:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-14T12:43:37Z", "ms": 913639416969.5891 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-14T07:43:37-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-14T12:43:37Z", "ms": 913639416969.5891 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:31 on Sun 13 Dec to 09:08 on Mon 14 Dec.", "fact": "1998-12-13T11:30:42Z → 1998-12-14T14:08:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:43 on the 13th and 07:44 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 4328 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Monday 14 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Monday 14 December. Ekādaśī runs from 06:31 on Sun 13 Dec to 09:08 on Mon 14 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-12-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-12-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9608, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-12-15T11:41:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-15T16:41:25Z", "ms": 913740084621.0309 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-16T14:01:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-16T19:01:04Z", "ms": 913834864399.0548 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-12-15T11:41:25-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-15T16:41:25Z", "ms": 913740084621.0309 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-16T14:01:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-16T19:01:04Z", "ms": 913834864399.0548 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-15T16:40:56-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-15T21:40:56Z", "ms": 913758055961.0873 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-15T18:41:29-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-15T23:41:29Z", "ms": 913765289139.968 } }, "covered_min": 121, "window_min": 121, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-16T16:41:12-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-16T21:41:12Z", "ms": 913844472141.9285 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-16T18:41:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-16T23:41:49Z", "ms": 913851708616.6638 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 121, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:41 on Tue 15 Dec to 14:01 on Wed 16 Dec.", "fact": "1998-12-15T16:41:25Z → 1998-12-16T19:01:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:41–18:41 on the 15th, 16:41–18:42 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 121 of 121 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 121 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9608 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Tuesday 15 December. Trayodaśī runs from 11:41 on Tue 15 Dec to 14:01 on Wed 16 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-12-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-12-16", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-12-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28062, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-12-16T14:01:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-16T19:01:04Z", "ms": 913834864399.0548 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-17T16:02:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-17T21:02:15Z", "ms": 913928535190.6168 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-12-16T14:01:04-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-16T19:01:04Z", "ms": 913834864399.0548 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-17T16:02:15-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-17T21:02:15Z", "ms": 913928535190.6168 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-16T23:49:29-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-17T04:49:29Z", "ms": 913870168922.1862 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-17T00:37:29-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-17T05:37:29Z", "ms": 913873048922.1862 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1998-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-17T23:49:58-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-18T04:49:58Z", "ms": 913956597664.7993 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-18T00:37:58-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-18T05:37:58Z", "ms": 913959477664.7993 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:01 on Wed 16 Dec to 16:02 on Thu 17 Dec.", "fact": "1998-12-16T19:01:04Z → 1998-12-17T21:02:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:49–00:37 on the 16th, 23:50–00:38 on the 17th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28062 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śivarātri 1998 falls on Wednesday 16 December. Caturdaśī runs from 14:01 on Wed 16 Dec to 16:02 on Thu 17 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/shivaratri?on=1998-12-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-12-22", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-12-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28196, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1998-12-21T20:29:35-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-22T01:29:35Z", "ms": 914290174516.5593 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-22T20:39:18-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-23T01:39:18Z", "ms": 914377157980.4801 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-12-21T20:29:35-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-22T01:29:35Z", "ms": 914290174516.5593 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-22T20:39:18-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-23T01:39:18Z", "ms": 914377157980.4801 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-21T11:51:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-21T16:51:39Z", "ms": 914259098903.533 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-21T12:39:39-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-21T17:39:39Z", "ms": 914261978903.533 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-22T11:52:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-22T16:52:09Z", "ms": 914345529254.564 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-22T12:40:09-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-22T17:40:09Z", "ms": 914348409254.564 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:30 on Mon 21 Dec to 20:39 on Tue 22 Dec.", "fact": "1998-12-22T01:29:35Z → 1998-12-23T01:39:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 21st, 11:52–12:40 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28196 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 22 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Vināyaka Caturthī 1998 falls on Tuesday 22 December. Caturthī runs from 20:30 on Mon 21 Dec to 20:39 on Tue 22 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1998-12-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-12-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-12-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5983, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-12-28T12:18:32-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-28T17:18:32Z", "ms": 914865511600.976 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-29T09:30:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-29T14:30:45Z", "ms": 914941845028.0925 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-12-28T12:18:32-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-28T17:18:32Z", "ms": 914865511600.976 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-29T09:30:45-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-29T14:30:45Z", "ms": 914941845028.0925 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-28T07:50:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-28T12:50:49Z", "ms": 914849448872.5956 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-28T07:50:49-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-28T12:50:49Z", "ms": 914849448872.5956 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-12-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-29T07:51:02-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-29T12:51:02Z", "ms": 914935862170.1685 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-29T07:51:02-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-29T12:51:02Z", "ms": 914935862170.1685 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:19 on Mon 28 Dec to 09:31 on Tue 29 Dec.", "fact": "1998-12-28T17:18:32Z → 1998-12-29T14:30:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:51 on the 28th and 07:51 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5983 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Toronto, 1998: Tuesday 29 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Putradā Ekādaśī 1998 falls on Tuesday 29 December. Ekādaśī runs from 12:19 on Mon 28 Dec to 09:31 on Tue 29 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/ekadashi?on=1998-12-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-12-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "6167865", "year": 1998, "local_date": "1998-12-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31143, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1998-12-30T06:31:18-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-30T11:31:18Z", "ms": 915017478410.9031 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-31T03:28:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-31T08:28:26Z", "ms": 915092906091.6268 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1998-12-30T06:31:18-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-30T11:31:18Z", "ms": 915017478410.9031 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-31T03:28:26-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-31T08:28:26Z", "ms": 915092906091.6268 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1998-12-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-29T16:48:17-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-29T21:48:17Z", "ms": 914968097054.7397 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-29T18:48:41-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-29T23:48:41Z", "ms": 914975320512.9021 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 120, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1998-12-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1998-12-30T16:49:05-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-30T21:49:05Z", "ms": 915054544908.3213 }, "end": { "local": "1998-12-30T18:49:23-05:00", "utc": "1998-12-30T23:49:23Z", "ms": 915061763097.3866 } }, "covered_min": 120, "window_min": 120, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:31 on Wed 30 Dec to 03:28 on Thu 31 Dec.", "fact": "1998-12-30T11:31:18Z → 1998-12-31T08:28:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:48–18:49 on the 29th, 16:49–18:49 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 120 minutes on the 29th and 120 of 120 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31143 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Toronto, 1998: Wednesday 30 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1998-12-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Toronto, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1998 falls on Wednesday 30 December. Trayodaśī runs from 06:31 on Wed 30 Dec to 03:28 on Thu 31 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/toronto/festivals/1998/pradosha-vrata?on=1998-12-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }