{ "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902", "place": { "id": "99072", "slug": "mosul", "name": "Mosul", "region": "Nineveh, Iraq", "country": "IQ", "lat": 36.335, "lon": 43.11889, "elevation_m": 228, "tz": "Asia/Baghdad" }, "year": 1902, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-01-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21324, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-01-04T13:13:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-04T10:15:19Z", "ms": -2145620681112.2756 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-05T16:00:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-05T13:02:55Z", "ms": -2145524224709.5745 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-01-04T13:13:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-04T10:15:19Z", "ms": -2145620681112.2756 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-05T16:00:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-05T13:02:55Z", "ms": -2145524224709.5745 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-04T07:17:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-04T04:19:55Z", "ms": -2145642004908.3596 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-04T07:17:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-04T04:19:55Z", "ms": -2145642004908.3596 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-01-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-05T07:18:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-05T04:20:01Z", "ms": -2145555599353.689 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-05T07:18:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-05T04:20:01Z", "ms": -2145555599353.689 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:12 on Sat 4 Jan to 16:00 on Sun 5 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-04T10:15:19Z → 1902-01-05T13:02:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:17 on the 4th and 07:17 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21324 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 5 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Sunday 5 January. Ekādaśī runs from 13:12 on Sat 4 Jan to 16:00 on Sun 5 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-01-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-01-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-07", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1161, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-01-06T18:38:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-06T15:40:57Z", "ms": -2145428342824.9412 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-07T20:57:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-07T17:59:06Z", "ms": -2145333653658.8145 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-01-06T18:38:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-06T15:40:57Z", "ms": -2145428342824.9412 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-07T20:57:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-07T17:59:06Z", "ms": -2145333653658.8145 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-06T17:04:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-06T14:06:30Z", "ms": -2145434010191.1335 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-06T18:58:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-06T16:00:19Z", "ms": -2145427181387.3525 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-07T17:05:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-07T14:07:22Z", "ms": -2145347557979.1475 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-07T18:59:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-07T16:01:04Z", "ms": -2145340736187.6912 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:38 on Mon 6 Jan to 20:56 on Tue 7 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-06T15:40:57Z → 1902-01-07T17:59:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:03–18:57 on the 6th, 17:04–18:58 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 19 of 114 minutes on the 6th and 114 of 114 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1161 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 7 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-07", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-07", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Tuesday 7 January. Trayodaśī runs from 18:38 on Mon 6 Jan to 20:56 on Tue 7 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 19 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-01-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-01-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3541, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-01-07T20:57:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-07T17:59:06Z", "ms": -2145333653658.8145 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-08T22:49:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-08T19:51:08Z", "ms": -2145240531939.8933 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-01-07T20:57:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-07T17:59:06Z", "ms": -2145333653658.8145 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-08T22:49:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-08T19:51:08Z", "ms": -2145240531939.8933 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-07T23:47:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-07T20:49:44Z", "ms": -2145323416261.1865 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-08T00:35:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-07T21:37:44Z", "ms": -2145320536261.1865 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-08T23:48:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-08T20:50:09Z", "ms": -2145236990820.2085 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-09T00:36:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-08T21:38:09Z", "ms": -2145234110820.2085 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:56 on Tue 7 Jan to 22:48 on Wed 8 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-07T17:59:06Z → 1902-01-08T19:51:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:47–00:35 on the 7th, 23:47–00:35 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3541 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 7 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Tuesday 7 January. Caturdaśī runs from 20:56 on Tue 7 Jan to 22:48 on Wed 8 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-01-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-13", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 94, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T06:10:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T03:12:24Z", "ms": -2142276455598.892 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-12T17:09:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-12T14:11:58Z", "ms": -2144915282370.7268 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:10:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:12:55Z", "ms": -2144828824722.5815 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:10:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:12:55Z", "ms": -2144828824722.5815 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-14T17:11:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-14T14:13:54Z", "ms": -2144742366358.483 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1902-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 17:11 on Mon 13 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:10, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:11.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 94 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Tuesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Mosul, 1902: Monday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-13", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1902-01-12", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1902-01-12", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bhogi 1902 falls on Monday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Tuesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 17:11 on Mon 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 12 January. It is 1 min 34 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24475, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T06:10:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T03:12:24Z", "ms": -2142276455598.892 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T00:00:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-12T21:02:24Z", "ms": -2144890656000 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-14T00:00:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T21:02:24Z", "ms": -2144804256000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-14T00:00:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T21:02:24Z", "ms": -2144804256000 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-15T00:00:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-14T21:02:24Z", "ms": -2144717856000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 17:11 on Mon 13 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Mosul.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Baghdad" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 24475 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Mosul, 1902: Monday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1902-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1902-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Makara Saṅkrānti 1902 falls on Monday 13 January. The Sun enters Makara at 17:11 on Mon 13 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-01-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36618, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T01:39:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-12T22:41:56Z", "ms": -2144884683518.5479 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-14T01:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T22:23:53Z", "ms": -2144799366970.2249 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T01:39:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-12T22:41:56Z", "ms": -2144884683518.5479 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-14T01:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T22:23:53Z", "ms": -2144799366970.2249 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T11:50:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T08:52:14Z", "ms": -2144848065560.043 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-13T12:38:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T09:40:14Z", "ms": -2144845185560.043 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-14T11:50:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-14T08:52:37Z", "ms": -2144761642562.6235 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-14T12:38:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-14T09:40:37Z", "ms": -2144758762562.6235 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:39 on Mon 13 Jan to 01:21 on Tue 14 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-12T22:41:56Z → 1902-01-13T22:23:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 13th, 11:50–12:38 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36618 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Monday 13 January. Caturthī runs from 01:39 on Mon 13 Jan to 01:21 on Tue 14 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-01-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 94, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T06:10:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T03:12:24Z", "ms": -2142276455598.892 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-12T17:09:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-12T14:11:58Z", "ms": -2144915282370.7268 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:10:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:12:55Z", "ms": -2144828824722.5815 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:10:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:12:55Z", "ms": -2144828824722.5815 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-14T17:11:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-14T14:13:54Z", "ms": -2144742366358.483 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 17:11 on Mon 13 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:10, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:11.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 94 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1902-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1902-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Pongal 1902 falls on Tuesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 17:11 on Mon 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January. It is 1 min 34 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-15", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 94, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T06:10:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T03:12:24Z", "ms": -2142276455598.892 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:12:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z", "ms": -2144828730562.013 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-12T17:09:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-12T14:11:58Z", "ms": -2144915282370.7268 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:10:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:12:55Z", "ms": -2144828824722.5815 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-13T17:10:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-13T14:12:55Z", "ms": -2144828824722.5815 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-14T17:11:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-14T14:13:54Z", "ms": -2144742366358.483 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1902-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 17:11 on Mon 13 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-13T14:14:29Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:10, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:11.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 94 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Tuesday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-15", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1902-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1902-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mattu Pongal 1902 falls on Wednesday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Tuesday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 17:11 on Mon 13 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from midnight, or counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January. It is 1 min 34 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-01-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23650, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-01-19T16:23:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-19T13:25:52Z", "ms": -2144313247833.4155 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-20T13:49:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-20T10:51:36Z", "ms": -2144236104468.85 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-01-19T16:23:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-19T13:25:52Z", "ms": -2144313247833.4155 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-20T13:49:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-20T10:51:36Z", "ms": -2144236104468.85 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-19T07:15:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-19T04:17:50Z", "ms": -2144346130340.0027 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-19T07:15:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-19T04:17:50Z", "ms": -2144346130340.0027 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-20T07:15:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-20T04:17:25Z", "ms": -2144259754516.4917 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-20T07:15:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-20T04:17:25Z", "ms": -2144259754516.4917 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:23 on Sun 19 Jan to 13:49 on Mon 20 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-19T13:25:52Z → 1902-01-20T10:51:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:15 on the 19th and 07:14 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23650 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 20 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Putradā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Monday 20 January. Ekādaśī runs from 16:23 on Sun 19 Jan to 13:49 on Mon 20 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-01-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-01-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22432, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-01-21T11:05:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-21T08:07:06Z", "ms": -2144159574360.9521 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-22T08:17:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-22T05:19:05Z", "ms": -2144083255144.145 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-01-21T11:05:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-21T08:07:06Z", "ms": -2144159574360.9521 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-22T08:17:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-22T05:19:05Z", "ms": -2144083255144.145 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-21T17:18:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-21T14:20:58Z", "ms": -2144137141971.9607 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-21T19:10:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-21T16:12:22Z", "ms": -2144130457521.2085 } }, "covered_min": 111, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-22T17:20:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-22T14:22:00Z", "ms": -2144050679629.4077 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-22T19:11:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-22T16:13:13Z", "ms": -2144044007471.5261 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:04 on Tue 21 Jan to 08:16 on Wed 22 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-21T08:07:06Z → 1902-01-22T05:19:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:18–19:09 on the 21st, 17:19–19:10 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 111 of 111 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 111 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22432 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 21 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Tuesday 21 January. Trayodaśī runs from 11:04 on Tue 21 Jan to 08:16 on Wed 22 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-01-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-01-27", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-01-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4049, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-01-26T22:32:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-26T19:34:31Z", "ms": -2143686328762.1953 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-27T22:27:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-27T19:29:22Z", "ms": -2143600237605.336 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-01-26T22:32:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-26T19:34:31Z", "ms": -2143686328762.1953 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-27T22:27:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-27T19:29:22Z", "ms": -2143600237605.336 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-26T20:19:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-26T17:21:11Z", "ms": -2143694328593.3223 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-26T20:19:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-26T17:21:11Z", "ms": -2143694328593.3223 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-01-27T21:19:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-27T18:21:53Z", "ms": -2143604286655.8135 }, "end": { "local": "1902-01-27T21:19:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-01-27T18:21:53Z", "ms": -2143604286655.8135 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:32 on Sun 26 Jan to 22:26 on Mon 27 Jan.", "fact": "1902-01-26T19:34:31Z → 1902-01-27T19:29:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:18 on the 26th and 21:19 on the 27th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 26th and is on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4049 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 27 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-01-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Monday 27 January. Caturthī runs from 22:32 on Sun 26 Jan to 22:26 on Mon 27 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-01-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-02-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13167, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-03T10:46:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-03T07:48:04Z", "ms": -2143037516187.3733 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-04T13:00:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-04T10:02:57Z", "ms": -2142943023261.2712 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-03T10:46:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-03T07:48:04Z", "ms": -2143037516187.3733 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-04T13:00:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-04T10:02:57Z", "ms": -2142943023261.2712 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-03T07:06:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-03T04:08:37Z", "ms": -2143050682850.7366 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-03T07:06:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-03T04:08:37Z", "ms": -2143050682850.7366 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-02-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-04T07:05:47+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-04T04:07:47Z", "ms": -2142964333084.0908 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-04T07:05:47+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-04T04:07:47Z", "ms": -2142964333084.0908 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:45 on Mon 3 Feb to 13:00 on Tue 4 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-03T07:48:04Z → 1902-02-04T10:02:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:06 on the 3rd and 07:05 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 3rd and is on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13167 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 4 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Tuesday 4 February. Ekādaśī runs from 10:45 on Mon 3 Feb to 13:00 on Tue 4 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-02-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-02-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6242, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-05T14:44:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-05T11:46:30Z", "ms": -2142850409669.4639 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-06T15:51:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T12:53:52Z", "ms": -2142759967994.261 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-05T14:44:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-05T11:46:30Z", "ms": -2142850409669.4639 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-06T15:51:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T12:53:52Z", "ms": -2142759967994.261 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-05T17:34:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-05T14:36:51Z", "ms": -2142840189499.1772 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-05T19:22:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-05T16:24:44Z", "ms": -2142833715975.2961 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-06T17:35:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T14:37:54Z", "ms": -2142753725932.3875 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-06T19:23:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T16:25:32Z", "ms": -2142747268176.7844 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:44 on Wed 5 Feb to 15:51 on Thu 6 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-05T11:46:30Z → 1902-02-06T12:53:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:34–19:22 on the 5th, 17:35–19:23 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 108 of 108 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 108 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6242 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Wednesday 5 February. Trayodaśī runs from 14:44 on Wed 5 Feb to 15:51 on Thu 6 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-02-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-02-06", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27180, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-06T15:51:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T12:53:52Z", "ms": -2142759967994.261 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-07T16:22:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-07T13:24:34Z", "ms": -2142671725584.185 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-06T15:51:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T12:53:52Z", "ms": -2142759967994.261 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-07T16:22:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-07T13:24:34Z", "ms": -2142671725584.185 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-06T23:55:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T20:57:31Z", "ms": -2142730949348.8765 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-07T00:43:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T21:45:31Z", "ms": -2142728069348.8765 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-07T23:55:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-07T20:57:34Z", "ms": -2142644545705.438 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-08T00:43:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-07T21:45:34Z", "ms": -2142641665705.438 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:51 on Thu 6 Feb to 16:22 on Fri 7 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-06T12:53:52Z → 1902-02-07T13:24:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:55–00:43 on the 6th, 23:55–00:43 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27180 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 6 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Thursday 6 February. Caturdaśī runs from 15:51 on Thu 6 Feb to 16:22 on Fri 7 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-02-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31670, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-06T15:51:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T12:53:52Z", "ms": -2142759967994.261 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-07T16:22:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-07T13:24:34Z", "ms": -2142671725584.185 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-06T15:51:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T12:53:52Z", "ms": -2142759967994.261 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-07T16:22:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-07T13:24:34Z", "ms": -2142671725584.185 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-06T05:16:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T02:18:08Z", "ms": -2142798111593.9497 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-06T07:04:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-06T04:06:02Z", "ms": -2142791638070.0686 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-07T05:15:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-07T02:17:29Z", "ms": -2142711750520.9683 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-07T07:03:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-07T04:05:07Z", "ms": -2142705292765.3652 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:51 on Thu 6 Feb to 16:22 on Fri 7 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-06T12:53:52Z → 1902-02-07T13:24:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:15–07:03 on the 6th, 05:14–07:02 on the 7th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 108 minutes on the 6th and 108 of 108 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31670 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Mosul, 1902: Friday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yama Tarpaṇa 1902 falls on Friday 7 February. Caturdaśī runs from 15:51 on Thu 6 Feb to 16:22 on Fri 7 Feb and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14616, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-11T13:37:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-11T10:39:33Z", "ms": -2142336027217.8237 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:09:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z", "ms": -2142254885225.078 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-11T13:37:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-11T10:39:33Z", "ms": -2142336027217.8237 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:09:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z", "ms": -2142254885225.078 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-11T17:41:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-11T14:43:09Z", "ms": -2142321410898.2466 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-11T19:27:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-11T16:29:26Z", "ms": -2142315034396.0232 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-12T17:42:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T14:44:11Z", "ms": -2142234948609.0234 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T19:28:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T16:30:11Z", "ms": -2142228588792.3843 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:37 on Tue 11 Feb to 12:09 on Wed 12 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-11T10:39:33Z → 1902-02-12T09:11:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:40–19:26 on the 11th, 17:41–19:27 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 106 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14616 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 11 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Tila Caturthī 1902 falls on Tuesday 11 February. Caturthī runs from 13:37 on Tue 11 Feb to 12:09 on Wed 12 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 823, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:09:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z", "ms": -2142254885225.078 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-13T10:31:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-13T07:33:58Z", "ms": -2142174361901.284 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:09:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z", "ms": -2142254885225.078 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-13T10:31:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-13T07:33:58Z", "ms": -2142174361901.284 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-12T11:56:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T08:58:12Z", "ms": -2142255707870.2976 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:44:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:46:12Z", "ms": -2142252827870.2976 } }, "covered_min": 34, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-13T11:56:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-13T08:58:12Z", "ms": -2142169308294.132 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-13T12:44:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-13T09:46:12Z", "ms": -2142166428294.132 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 12:09 on Wed 12 Feb to 10:31 on Thu 13 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z → 1902-02-13T07:33:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 12th, 11:55–12:43 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 34 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 823 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 12 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śrī Pañcamī 1902 falls on Wednesday 12 February. Pañcamī runs from 12:09 on Wed 12 Feb to 10:31 on Thu 13 Feb and covers 34 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 823, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:09:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z", "ms": -2142254885225.078 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-13T10:31:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-13T07:33:58Z", "ms": -2142174361901.284 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:09:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z", "ms": -2142254885225.078 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-13T10:31:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-13T07:33:58Z", "ms": -2142174361901.284 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-12T11:56:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T08:58:12Z", "ms": -2142255707870.2976 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:44:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:46:12Z", "ms": -2142252827870.2976 } }, "covered_min": 34, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-13T11:56:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-13T08:58:12Z", "ms": -2142169308294.132 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-13T12:44:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-13T09:46:12Z", "ms": -2142166428294.132 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 12:09 on Wed 12 Feb to 10:31 on Thu 13 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z → 1902-02-13T07:33:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 12th, 11:55–12:43 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 34 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 823 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 12 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vasanta Pañcamī 1902 falls on Wednesday 12 February. Pañcamī runs from 12:09 on Wed 12 Feb to 10:31 on Thu 13 Feb and covers 34 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 823, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-11T13:37:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-11T10:39:33Z", "ms": -2142336027217.8237 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:09:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z", "ms": -2142254885225.078 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-11T13:37:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-11T10:39:33Z", "ms": -2142336027217.8237 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:09:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:11:55Z", "ms": -2142254885225.078 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-11T11:56:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-11T08:58:12Z", "ms": -2142342108232.6875 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-11T12:44:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-11T09:46:12Z", "ms": -2142339228232.6875 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-02-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-12T11:56:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T08:58:12Z", "ms": -2142255707870.2976 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-12T12:44:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-12T09:46:12Z", "ms": -2142252827870.2976 } }, "covered_min": 14, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:37 on Tue 11 Feb to 12:09 on Wed 12 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-11T10:39:33Z → 1902-02-12T09:11:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 11th, 11:55–12:43 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 14 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 823 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 12 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1902 falls on Wednesday 12 February. Caturthī runs from 13:37 on Tue 11 Feb to 12:09 on Wed 12 Feb and covers 14 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-15", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 115, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-14T08:45:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-14T05:47:55Z", "ms": -2142094324651.0862 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-15T06:53:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-15T03:55:06Z", "ms": -2142014694422.696 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-14T08:45:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-14T05:47:55Z", "ms": -2142094324651.0862 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-15T06:53:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-15T03:55:06Z", "ms": -2142014694422.696 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-14T05:10:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-14T02:12:23Z", "ms": -2142107257096.4473 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-14T06:56:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-14T03:58:06Z", "ms": -2142100914095.28 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-15T05:09:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-15T02:11:35Z", "ms": -2142020905495.9177 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-15T06:55:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-15T03:57:01Z", "ms": -2142014579433.9617 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 08:45 on Fri 14 Feb to 06:52 on Sat 15 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-14T05:47:55Z → 1902-02-15T03:55:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:09–06:55 on the 14th, 05:09–06:54 on the 15th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 14th and 104 of 105 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 115 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 15 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-15", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ratha Saptamī 1902 falls on Saturday 15 February. Saptamī runs from 08:45 on Fri 14 Feb to 06:52 on Sat 15 Feb and covers 104 of 105 minutes of aruṇodaya that dawn. It is 1 min 55 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-02-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22021, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-18T00:44:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-17T21:46:36Z", "ms": -2141777603806.6948 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-18T22:38:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-18T19:40:26Z", "ms": -2141698774092.7478 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-18T00:44:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-17T21:46:36Z", "ms": -2141777603806.6948 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-18T22:38:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-18T19:40:26Z", "ms": -2141698774092.7478 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-18T06:51:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-18T03:53:38Z", "ms": -2141755582493.2375 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-18T06:51:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-18T03:53:38Z", "ms": -2141755582493.2375 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-19T06:50:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T03:52:28Z", "ms": -2141669252415.453 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-19T06:50:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T03:52:28Z", "ms": -2141669252415.453 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:44 on Tue 18 Feb to 22:37 on Tue 18 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-17T21:46:36Z → 1902-02-18T19:40:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:51 on the 18th and 06:49 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22021 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 18 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Jayā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Tuesday 18 February. Ekādaśī runs from 00:44 on Tue 18 Feb to 22:37 on Tue 18 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-02-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28377, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-18T22:38:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-18T19:40:26Z", "ms": -2141698774092.7478 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-19T20:36:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T17:38:50Z", "ms": -2141619669591.8489 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-18T22:38:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-18T19:40:26Z", "ms": -2141698774092.7478 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-19T20:36:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T17:38:50Z", "ms": -2141619669591.8489 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-18T11:55:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-18T08:57:58Z", "ms": -2141737321895.7898 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-18T12:43:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-18T09:45:58Z", "ms": -2141734441895.7898 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-19T11:55:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T08:57:53Z", "ms": -2141650926826.9497 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-19T12:43:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T09:45:53Z", "ms": -2141648046826.9497 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 22:37 on Tue 18 Feb to 20:36 on Wed 19 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-18T19:40:26Z → 1902-02-19T17:38:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 18th, 11:55–12:43 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28377 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 19 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1902 falls on Wednesday 19 February. Dvādaśī runs from 22:37 on Tue 18 Feb to 20:36 on Wed 19 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-02-20", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2908, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-19T20:36:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T17:38:50Z", "ms": -2141619669591.8489 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-20T18:45:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-20T15:47:33Z", "ms": -2141539947183.5447 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-19T20:36:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T17:38:50Z", "ms": -2141619669591.8489 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-20T18:45:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-20T15:47:33Z", "ms": -2141539947183.5447 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-19T17:49:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T14:51:19Z", "ms": -2141629721238.4463 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-19T19:33:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-19T16:35:18Z", "ms": -2141623481526.3743 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-02-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-20T17:50:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-20T14:52:18Z", "ms": -2141543261520.0432 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-20T19:34:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-20T16:36:01Z", "ms": -2141537039371.4224 } }, "covered_min": 55, "window_min": 104, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:36 on Wed 19 Feb to 18:45 on Thu 20 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-19T17:38:50Z → 1902-02-20T15:47:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:48–19:32 on the 19th, 17:49–19:33 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 104 minutes on the 19th and 55 of 104 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2908 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 20 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Thursday 20 February. Trayodaśī runs from 20:36 on Wed 19 Feb to 18:45 on Thu 20 Feb and covers 55 of 104 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-02-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11863, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-02-21T17:11:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-21T14:13:17Z", "ms": -2141459202927.94 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-22T16:01:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-22T13:03:17Z", "ms": -2141377002518.5144 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-21T17:11:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-21T14:13:17Z", "ms": -2141459202927.94 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-22T16:01:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-22T13:03:17Z", "ms": -2141377002518.5144 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-21T11:55:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-21T08:57:41Z", "ms": -2141478138773.7349 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-21T12:43:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-21T09:45:41Z", "ms": -2141475258773.7349 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-22T11:55:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-22T08:57:34Z", "ms": -2141391745752.2495 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-22T12:43:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-22T09:45:34Z", "ms": -2141388865752.2495 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:10 on Fri 21 Feb to 16:00 on Sat 22 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-21T14:13:17Z → 1902-02-22T13:03:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 21st, 11:55–12:43 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11863 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 22 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1902 falls on Saturday 22 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:10 on Fri 21 Feb to 16:00 on Sat 22 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-02-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-02-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16735, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-02-25T16:00:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-25T13:02:17Z", "ms": -2141117862989.374 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-26T17:20:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-26T14:22:23Z", "ms": -2141026657213.5415 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-02-25T16:00:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-25T13:02:17Z", "ms": -2141117862989.374 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-26T17:20:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-26T14:22:23Z", "ms": -2141026657213.5415 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-02-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-25T21:02:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-25T18:04:04Z", "ms": -2141099755792.5144 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-25T21:02:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-25T18:04:04Z", "ms": -2141099755792.5144 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-02-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-02-26T21:59:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-26T19:01:18Z", "ms": -2141009922170.5186 }, "end": { "local": "1902-02-26T21:59:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-02-26T19:01:18Z", "ms": -2141009922170.5186 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:59 on Tue 25 Feb to 17:19 on Wed 26 Feb.", "fact": "1902-02-25T13:02:17Z → 1902-02-26T14:22:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:01 on the 25th and 21:58 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16735 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 25 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Tuesday 25 February. Caturthī runs from 15:59 on Tue 25 Feb to 17:19 on Wed 26 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-02-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-03-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1538, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-03-05T06:58:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-05T04:00:11Z", "ms": -2140459188901.3455 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-06T08:05:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-06T05:07:31Z", "ms": -2140368748862.3547 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-05T06:58:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-05T04:00:11Z", "ms": -2140459188901.3455 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-06T08:05:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-06T05:07:31Z", "ms": -2140368748862.3547 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-05T06:32:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-05T03:34:33Z", "ms": -2140460726776.801 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-05T06:32:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-05T03:34:33Z", "ms": -2140460726776.801 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-03-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-06T06:31:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-06T03:33:11Z", "ms": -2140374408981.586 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-06T06:31:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-06T03:33:11Z", "ms": -2140374408981.586 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:57 on Wed 5 Mar to 08:05 on Thu 6 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-05T04:00:11Z → 1902-03-06T05:07:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:32 on the 5th and 06:30 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1538 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 6 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Thursday 6 March. Ekādaśī runs from 06:57 on Wed 5 Mar to 08:05 on Thu 6 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-03-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-03-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34486, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-03-07T08:29:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-07T05:31:50Z", "ms": -2140280890427.4927 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-08T08:11:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-08T05:13:55Z", "ms": -2140195565409.2688 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-07T08:29:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-07T05:31:50Z", "ms": -2140280890427.4927 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-08T08:11:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-08T05:13:55Z", "ms": -2140195565409.2688 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-07T18:04:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-07T15:06:36Z", "ms": -2140246404362.7307 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-07T19:43:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-07T16:45:46Z", "ms": -2140240453785.729 } }, "covered_min": 99, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-08T18:05:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-08T15:07:30Z", "ms": -2140159949592.5823 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-08T19:44:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-08T16:46:23Z", "ms": -2140154017490.33 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:29 on Fri 7 Mar to 08:11 on Sat 8 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-07T05:31:50Z → 1902-03-08T05:13:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:04–19:43 on the 7th, 18:05–19:43 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 99 of 99 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 99 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34486 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Friday 7 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Friday 7 March. Trayodaśī runs from 08:29 on Fri 7 Mar to 08:11 on Sat 8 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-03-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23739, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-03-08T08:11:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-08T05:13:55Z", "ms": -2140195565409.2688 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-09T07:15:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-09T04:17:54Z", "ms": -2140112525538.131 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-08T08:11:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-08T05:13:55Z", "ms": -2140195565409.2688 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-09T07:15:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-09T04:17:54Z", "ms": -2140112525538.131 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-07T23:52:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-07T20:54:30Z", "ms": -2140225529698.974 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-08T00:40:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-07T21:42:30Z", "ms": -2140222649698.974 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-08T23:52:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-08T20:54:16Z", "ms": -2140139144209.1362 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-09T00:40:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-08T21:42:16Z", "ms": -2140136264209.1362 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:11 on Sat 8 Mar to 07:15 on Sun 9 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-08T05:13:55Z → 1902-03-09T04:17:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:52–00:40 on the 7th, 23:51–00:39 on the 8th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 23739 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 8 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahāśivarātri 1902 falls on Saturday 8 March. Caturdaśī runs from 08:11 on Sat 8 Mar to 07:15 on Sun 9 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-03-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30170, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-03-12T23:26:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-12T20:28:21Z", "ms": -2139795099409.4028 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-13T21:02:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-13T18:04:31Z", "ms": -2139717328699.0679 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-12T23:26:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-12T20:28:21Z", "ms": -2139795099409.4028 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-13T21:02:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-13T18:04:31Z", "ms": -2139717328699.0679 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-12T11:51:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-12T08:53:57Z", "ms": -2139836763056.1128 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-12T12:39:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-12T09:41:57Z", "ms": -2139833883056.1128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-13T11:51:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-13T08:53:41Z", "ms": -2139750379088.581 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-13T12:39:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-13T09:41:41Z", "ms": -2139747499088.581 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:25 on Wed 12 Mar to 21:02 on Thu 13 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-12T20:28:21Z → 1902-03-13T18:04:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 12th, 11:51–12:39 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30170 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 13 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Thursday 13 March. Caturthī runs from 23:25 on Wed 12 Mar to 21:02 on Thu 13 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-03-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-03-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5080, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-03-19T08:52:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-19T05:54:08Z", "ms": -2139242751798.5466 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-20T07:35:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-20T04:37:55Z", "ms": -2139160925348.9492 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-19T08:52:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-19T05:54:08Z", "ms": -2139242751798.5466 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-20T07:35:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-20T04:37:55Z", "ms": -2139160925348.9492 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-19T06:12:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-19T03:14:42Z", "ms": -2139252318142.4048 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-19T06:12:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-19T03:14:42Z", "ms": -2139252318142.4048 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-20T06:11:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-20T03:13:14Z", "ms": -2139166005590.123 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-20T06:11:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-20T03:13:14Z", "ms": -2139166005590.123 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:51 on Wed 19 Mar to 07:35 on Thu 20 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-19T05:54:08Z → 1902-03-20T04:37:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:12 on the 19th and 06:10 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5080 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Thursday 20 March. Ekādaśī runs from 08:51 on Wed 19 Mar to 07:35 on Thu 20 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-03-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-03-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36806, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-03-21T06:39:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-21T03:41:12Z", "ms": -2139077927786.5225 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-22T06:05:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-22T03:07:17Z", "ms": -2138993563467.0256 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-21T06:39:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-21T03:41:12Z", "ms": -2139077927786.5225 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-22T06:05:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-22T03:07:17Z", "ms": -2138993563467.0256 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-20T18:16:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-20T15:18:08Z", "ms": -2139122512143.3518 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-20T19:51:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-20T16:53:17Z", "ms": -2139116802949.837 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-03-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-21T18:17:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-21T15:19:00Z", "ms": -2139036060430.059 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-21T19:51:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-21T16:53:50Z", "ms": -2139030369828.2026 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:38 on Fri 21 Mar to 06:04 on Sat 22 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-21T03:41:12Z → 1902-03-22T03:07:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:15–19:50 on the 20th, 18:16–19:51 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 95 minutes on the 20th and 95 of 95 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36806 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Friday 21 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Friday 21 March. Trayodaśī runs from 06:38 on Fri 21 Mar to 06:04 on Sat 22 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-03-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34411, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-03-23T05:57:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-23T02:59:34Z", "ms": -2138907626005.0244 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-24T06:19:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T03:21:13Z", "ms": -2138819927216.9854 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-23T05:57:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-23T02:59:34Z", "ms": -2138907626005.0244 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-24T06:19:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T03:21:13Z", "ms": -2138819927216.9854 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-23T15:52:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-23T12:54:20Z", "ms": -2138871939714.658 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-23T18:18:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-23T15:20:43Z", "ms": -2138863157460.6882 } }, "covered_min": 146, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-24T15:52:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T12:54:44Z", "ms": -2138785516258.495 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-24T18:19:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T15:21:34Z", "ms": -2138776706172.3389 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 05:57 on Sun 23 Mar to 06:18 on Mon 24 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-23T02:59:34Z → 1902-03-24T03:21:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:51–18:18 on the 23rd, 15:52–18:19 on the 24th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 146 of 146 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 147 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34411 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 23 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Holikā Dahana 1902 falls on Sunday 23 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 05:57 on Sun 23 Mar to 06:18 on Mon 24 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34411, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-03-23T05:57:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-23T02:59:34Z", "ms": -2138907626005.0244 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-24T06:19:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T03:21:13Z", "ms": -2138819927216.9854 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-23T05:57:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-23T02:59:34Z", "ms": -2138907626005.0244 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-24T06:19:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T03:21:13Z", "ms": -2138819927216.9854 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-23T15:52:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-23T12:54:20Z", "ms": -2138871939714.658 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-23T18:18:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-23T15:20:43Z", "ms": -2138863157460.6882 } }, "covered_min": 146, "window_min": 146, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-24T15:52:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T12:54:44Z", "ms": -2138785516258.495 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-24T18:19:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T15:21:34Z", "ms": -2138776706172.3389 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1902-03-23", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 05:57 on Sun 23 Mar to 06:18 on Mon 24 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-23T02:59:34Z → 1902-03-24T03:21:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:51–18:18 on the 23rd, 15:52–18:19 on the 24th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 146 of 146 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 147 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34411 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Sunday 23 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Holī 1902 falls on Monday 24 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Sunday 23 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 05:57 on Sun 23 Mar to 06:18 on Mon 24 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 23rd.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 829, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1902-03-24T06:19:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T03:21:13Z", "ms": -2138819927216.9854 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-25T07:12:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-25T04:14:22Z", "ms": -2138730338458.2524 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-24T06:19:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T03:21:13Z", "ms": -2138819927216.9854 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-25T07:12:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-25T04:14:22Z", "ms": -2138730338458.2524 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-24T06:05:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T03:07:23Z", "ms": -2138820756603.1204 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-24T06:05:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-24T03:07:23Z", "ms": -2138820756603.1204 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-25T06:03:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-25T03:05:55Z", "ms": -2138734444501.8416 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-25T06:03:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-25T03:05:55Z", "ms": -2138734444501.8416 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 06:18 on Mon 24 Mar to 07:11 on Tue 25 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-24T03:21:13Z → 1902-03-25T04:14:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:04 on the 24th and 06:03 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 829 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vasantotsava 1902 falls on Tuesday 25 March. Pratipadā runs from 06:18 on Mon 24 Mar to 07:11 on Tue 25 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-03-27", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-03-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34996, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-03-27T10:31:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-27T07:33:42Z", "ms": -2138545577766.1514 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-28T12:49:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-28T09:51:46Z", "ms": -2138450894175.1482 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-27T10:31:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-27T07:33:42Z", "ms": -2138545577766.1514 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-28T12:49:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-28T09:51:46Z", "ms": -2138450894175.1482 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-27T21:39:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-27T18:41:25Z", "ms": -2138505515315.8247 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-27T21:39:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-27T18:41:25Z", "ms": -2138505515315.8247 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-28T22:33:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-28T19:35:02Z", "ms": -2138415898197.2136 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-28T22:33:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-28T19:35:02Z", "ms": -2138415898197.2136 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:31 on Thu 27 Mar to 12:49 on Fri 28 Mar.", "fact": "1902-03-27T07:33:42Z → 1902-03-28T09:51:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:38 on the 27th and 22:32 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34996 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 27 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Thursday 27 March. Caturthī runs from 10:31 on Thu 27 Mar to 12:49 on Fri 28 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-03-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27900, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1902-03-31T20:19:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-31T17:21:20Z", "ms": -2138164720244.9172 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-01T22:16:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-01T19:18:43Z", "ms": -2138071276673.6658 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-03-31T20:19:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-31T17:21:20Z", "ms": -2138164720244.9172 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-01T22:16:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-01T19:18:43Z", "ms": -2138071276673.6658 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-03-31T11:46:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-31T08:48:20Z", "ms": -2138195500043.3599 }, "end": { "local": "1902-03-31T12:34:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-03-31T09:36:20Z", "ms": -2138192620043.3599 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-01T11:46:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-01T08:48:02Z", "ms": -2138109118244.4175 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-01T12:34:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-01T09:36:02Z", "ms": -2138106238244.4175 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 20:18 on Mon 31 Mar to 22:16 on Tue 1 Apr.", "fact": "1902-03-31T17:21:20Z → 1902-04-01T19:18:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 31st, 11:45–12:33 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27900 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śītalāṣṭamī 1902 falls on Tuesday 1 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 20:18 on Mon 31 Mar to 22:16 on Tue 1 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-04-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20049, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-04T00:15:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-03T21:17:13Z", "ms": -2137891366792.3867 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-05T00:06:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-04T21:08:07Z", "ms": -2137805513171.885 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-04T00:15:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-03T21:17:13Z", "ms": -2137891366792.3867 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-05T00:06:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-04T21:08:07Z", "ms": -2137805513171.885 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-04T05:49:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-04T02:51:22Z", "ms": -2137871318010.7366 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-04T05:49:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-04T02:51:22Z", "ms": -2137871318010.7366 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-05T05:47:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-05T02:49:56Z", "ms": -2137785004142.2837 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-05T05:47:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-05T02:49:56Z", "ms": -2137785004142.2837 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:14 on Fri 4 Apr to 00:05 on Sat 5 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-03T21:17:13Z → 1902-04-04T21:08:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:48 on the 4th and 05:47 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20049 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 4 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Friday 4 April. Ekādaśī runs from 00:14 on Fri 4 Apr to 00:05 on Sat 5 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-04-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-04-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5713, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-05T23:11:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-05T20:13:31Z", "ms": -2137722388525.0435 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-06T21:35:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-06T18:37:44Z", "ms": -2137641736100.5774 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-05T23:11:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-05T20:13:31Z", "ms": -2137722388525.0435 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-06T21:35:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-06T18:37:44Z", "ms": -2137641736100.5774 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-05T18:29:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-05T15:31:45Z", "ms": -2137739295443.4407 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-05T19:59:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-05T17:01:59Z", "ms": -2137733881375.6804 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-06T18:30:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-06T15:32:35Z", "ms": -2137652844617.9849 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-06T20:00:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-06T17:02:31Z", "ms": -2137647448717.251 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:11 on Sat 5 Apr to 21:35 on Sun 6 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-05T20:13:31Z → 1902-04-06T18:37:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:29–19:59 on the 5th, 18:30–20:00 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 90 minutes on the 5th and 90 of 90 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5713 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Sunday 6 April. Trayodaśī runs from 23:11 on Sat 5 Apr to 21:35 on Sun 6 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-04-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-04-06", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7686, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-06T21:35:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-06T18:37:44Z", "ms": -2137641736100.5774 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-07T19:25:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-07T16:27:15Z", "ms": -2137563164804.0774 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-06T21:35:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-06T18:37:44Z", "ms": -2137641736100.5774 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-07T19:25:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-07T16:27:15Z", "ms": -2137563164804.0774 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-06T23:43:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-06T20:45:50Z", "ms": -2137634049990.2324 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-07T00:31:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-06T21:33:50Z", "ms": -2137631169990.2324 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-07T23:43:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-07T20:45:33Z", "ms": -2137547667084.4214 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-08T00:31:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-07T21:33:33Z", "ms": -2137544787084.4214 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:35 on Sun 6 Apr to 19:24 on Mon 7 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-06T18:37:44Z → 1902-04-07T16:27:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:43–00:31 on the 6th, 23:43–00:31 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7686 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Sunday 6 April. Caturdaśī runs from 21:35 on Sun 6 Apr to 19:24 on Mon 7 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-04-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4836, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1902-04-08T16:47:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-08T13:49:57Z", "ms": -2137486203109.1514 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-09T13:52:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-09T10:54:18Z", "ms": -2137410342380.6704 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-08T16:47:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-08T13:49:57Z", "ms": -2137486203109.1514 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-09T13:52:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-09T10:54:18Z", "ms": -2137410342380.6704 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-08T11:43:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-08T08:45:58Z", "ms": -2137504441649.107 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-08T12:31:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-08T09:33:58Z", "ms": -2137501561649.107 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-09T11:43:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-09T08:45:41Z", "ms": -2137418058510.5283 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-09T12:31:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-09T09:33:41Z", "ms": -2137415178510.5283 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 16:47 on Tue 8 Apr to 13:51 on Wed 9 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-08T13:49:57Z → 1902-04-09T10:54:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:43–12:31 on the 8th, 11:43–12:31 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4836 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 9 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1902 falls on Wednesday 9 April. Pratipadā runs from 16:47 on Tue 8 Apr to 13:51 on Wed 9 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3394, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-04-10T10:46:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-10T07:48:51Z", "ms": -2137335069047.386 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-11T07:39:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T04:41:52Z", "ms": -2137259887881.2344 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-10T10:46:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-10T07:48:51Z", "ms": -2137335069047.386 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-11T07:39:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T04:41:52Z", "ms": -2137259887881.2344 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-10T11:43:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-10T08:45:25Z", "ms": -2137331675138.582 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-10T12:31:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-10T09:33:25Z", "ms": -2137328795138.582 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-11T11:43:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T08:45:08Z", "ms": -2137245291521.1091 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-11T12:31:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T09:33:08Z", "ms": -2137242411521.1091 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 10:46 on Thu 10 Apr to 07:39 on Fri 11 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-10T07:48:51Z → 1902-04-11T04:41:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 10th, 11:42–12:30 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3394 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-10", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1902 falls on Thursday 10 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 10:46 on Thu 10 Apr to 07:39 on Fri 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3394, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-04-10T10:46:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-10T07:48:51Z", "ms": -2137335069047.386 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-11T07:39:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T04:41:52Z", "ms": -2137259887881.2344 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-10T10:46:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-10T07:48:51Z", "ms": -2137335069047.386 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-11T07:39:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T04:41:52Z", "ms": -2137259887881.2344 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-10T11:43:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-10T08:45:25Z", "ms": -2137331675138.582 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-10T12:31:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-10T09:33:25Z", "ms": -2137328795138.582 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-11T11:43:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T08:45:08Z", "ms": -2137245291521.1091 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-11T12:31:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T09:33:08Z", "ms": -2137242411521.1091 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 10:46 on Thu 10 Apr to 07:39 on Fri 11 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-10T07:48:51Z → 1902-04-11T04:41:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 10th, 11:42–12:30 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3394 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-10", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1902 falls on Thursday 10 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 10:46 on Thu 10 Apr to 07:39 on Fri 11 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-04-11", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14596, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-11T07:39:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T04:41:52Z", "ms": -2137259887881.2344 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-12T04:39:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T01:41:01Z", "ms": -2137184339302.69 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-11T07:39:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T04:41:52Z", "ms": -2137259887881.2344 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-12T04:39:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T01:41:01Z", "ms": -2137184339302.69 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-11T11:43:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T08:45:08Z", "ms": -2137245291521.1091 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-11T12:31:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-11T09:33:08Z", "ms": -2137242411521.1091 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-12T11:42:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T08:44:52Z", "ms": -2137158907645.7202 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-12T12:30:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T09:32:52Z", "ms": -2137156027645.7202 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:39 on Fri 11 Apr to 04:38 on Sat 12 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-11T04:41:52Z → 1902-04-12T01:41:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 11th, 11:42–12:30 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14596 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 11 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Friday 11 April. Caturthī runs from 07:39 on Fri 11 Apr to 04:38 on Sat 12 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-04-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25432, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-12T04:39:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T01:41:01Z", "ms": -2137184339302.69 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-13T01:51:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T22:53:07Z", "ms": -2137108013043.0251 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-12T04:39:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T01:41:01Z", "ms": -2137184339302.69 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-13T01:51:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T22:53:07Z", "ms": -2137108013043.0251 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-12T11:42:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T08:44:52Z", "ms": -2137158907645.7202 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-12T12:30:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T09:32:52Z", "ms": -2137156027645.7202 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-13T11:42:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-13T08:44:37Z", "ms": -2137072523499.3762 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-13T12:30:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-13T09:32:37Z", "ms": -2137069643499.3762 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 04:38 on Sat 12 Apr to 01:50 on Sun 13 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-12T01:41:01Z → 1902-04-12T22:53:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 12th, 11:42–12:30 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25432 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 12 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1902 falls on Saturday 12 April. Pañcamī runs from 04:38 on Sat 12 Apr to 01:50 on Sun 13 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22098, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1902-04-13T11:44:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-13T08:46:59Z", "ms": -2137072380904.5496 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-14T08:46:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-14T05:48:26Z", "ms": -2134404693974.2546 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1902-04-13T11:44:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-13T08:46:59Z", "ms": -2137072380904.5496 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-13T11:44:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-13T08:46:59Z", "ms": -2137072380904.5496 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-12T05:38:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-12T02:40:04Z", "ms": -2137180796117.2556 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-13T05:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-13T02:38:41Z", "ms": -2137094478815.0857 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-13T05:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-13T02:38:41Z", "ms": -2137094478815.0857 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-14T05:35:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-14T02:37:19Z", "ms": -2137008160966.8848 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 11:44 on Sun 13 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-13T08:46:59Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:37 on the 12th, and from 05:36 on the 13th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 22098 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1902-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1902-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vaiśākhī 1902 falls on Sunday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 11:44 on Sun 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25654, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-14T21:16:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-14T18:18:23Z", "ms": -2136951697450.067 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-15T19:37:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-15T16:39:39Z", "ms": -2136871220632.6465 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-14T21:16:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-14T18:18:23Z", "ms": -2136951697450.067 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-15T19:37:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-15T16:39:39Z", "ms": -2136871220632.6465 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-14T11:42:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-14T08:44:21Z", "ms": -2136986139068.1323 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-14T12:30:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-14T09:32:21Z", "ms": -2136983259068.1323 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-15T11:42:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-15T08:44:06Z", "ms": -2136899754337.09 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-15T12:30:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-15T09:32:06Z", "ms": -2136896874337.09 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:15 on Mon 14 Apr to 19:37 on Tue 15 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-14T18:18:23Z → 1902-04-15T16:39:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 14th, 11:41–12:29 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25654 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bhavānī Utpatti 1902 falls on Tuesday 15 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:15 on Mon 14 Apr to 19:37 on Tue 15 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21494, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-15T19:37:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-15T16:39:39Z", "ms": -2136871220632.6465 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-16T18:28:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-16T15:30:04Z", "ms": -2136788995744.1472 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-15T19:37:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-15T16:39:39Z", "ms": -2136871220632.6465 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-16T18:28:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-16T15:30:04Z", "ms": -2136788995744.1472 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-15T11:42:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-15T08:44:06Z", "ms": -2136899754337.09 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-15T12:30:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-15T09:32:06Z", "ms": -2136896874337.09 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-16T11:41:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-16T08:43:51Z", "ms": -2136813369290.5068 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-16T12:29:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-16T09:31:51Z", "ms": -2136810489290.5068 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 19:37 on Tue 15 Apr to 18:27 on Wed 16 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-15T16:39:39Z → 1902-04-16T15:30:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 15th, 11:41–12:29 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21494 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rāma Navamī 1902 falls on Wednesday 16 April. Navamī runs from 19:37 on Tue 15 Apr to 18:27 on Wed 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-04-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 42074, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-17T17:48:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-17T14:50:43Z", "ms": -2136704957224.0044 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-18T17:39:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-18T14:41:44Z", "ms": -2136619096185.158 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-17T17:48:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-17T14:50:43Z", "ms": -2136704957224.0044 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-18T17:39:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-18T14:41:44Z", "ms": -2136619096185.158 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-18T05:29:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-18T02:31:56Z", "ms": -2136662883533.9495 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-18T05:29:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-18T02:31:56Z", "ms": -2136662883533.9495 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-19T05:28:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T02:30:37Z", "ms": -2136576562514.7754 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-19T05:28:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T02:30:37Z", "ms": -2136576562514.7754 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:48 on Thu 17 Apr to 17:39 on Fri 18 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-17T14:50:43Z → 1902-04-18T14:41:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:29 on the 18th and 05:28 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 42074 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 18 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Friday 18 April. Ekādaśī runs from 17:48 on Thu 17 Apr to 17:39 on Fri 18 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-04-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-04-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-19", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 450, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-19T18:00:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T15:02:32Z", "ms": -2136531447706.4412 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-20T18:49:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T15:51:59Z", "ms": -2136442080772.0122 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-19T18:00:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T15:02:32Z", "ms": -2136531447706.4412 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-20T18:49:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T15:51:59Z", "ms": -2136442080772.0122 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-19T18:41:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T15:43:38Z", "ms": -2136528981668.4355 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-19T20:07:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T17:09:44Z", "ms": -2136523816215.2163 } }, "covered_min": 86, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-20T18:42:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T15:44:30Z", "ms": -2136442530461.962 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-20T20:08:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T17:10:18Z", "ms": -2136437382169.1743 } }, "covered_min": 7, "window_min": 86, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:00 on Sat 19 Apr to 18:49 on Sun 20 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-19T15:02:32Z → 1902-04-20T15:51:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:41–20:07 on the 19th, 18:41–20:07 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 86 of 86 minutes on the 19th and 7 of 86 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 450 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 19 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-19", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Saturday 19 April. Trayodaśī runs from 18:00 on Sat 19 Apr to 18:49 on Sun 20 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 7 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-04-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19884, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-19T18:00:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T15:02:32Z", "ms": -2136531447706.4412 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-20T18:49:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T15:51:59Z", "ms": -2136442080772.0122 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-19T18:00:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T15:02:32Z", "ms": -2136531447706.4412 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-20T18:49:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T15:51:59Z", "ms": -2136442080772.0122 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-19T11:41:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T08:43:08Z", "ms": -2136554212091.6055 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-19T12:29:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-19T09:31:08Z", "ms": -2136551332091.6055 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-20T11:40:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T08:42:54Z", "ms": -2136467825615.6262 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-20T12:28:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T09:30:54Z", "ms": -2136464945615.6262 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:00 on Sat 19 Apr to 18:49 on Sun 20 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-19T15:02:32Z → 1902-04-20T15:51:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 19th, 11:40–12:28 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 19884 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 20 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1902 falls on Sunday 20 April. Trayodaśī runs from 18:00 on Sat 19 Apr to 18:49 on Sun 20 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22865, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-20T18:49:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T15:51:59Z", "ms": -2136442080772.0122 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-21T20:06:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-21T17:08:25Z", "ms": -2136351095415.1855 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-20T18:49:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T15:51:59Z", "ms": -2136442080772.0122 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-21T20:06:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-21T17:08:25Z", "ms": -2136351095415.1855 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-20T11:40:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T08:42:54Z", "ms": -2136467825615.6262 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-20T12:28:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-20T09:30:54Z", "ms": -2136464945615.6262 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-21T11:40:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-21T08:42:41Z", "ms": -2136381438739.85 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-21T12:28:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-21T09:30:41Z", "ms": -2136378558739.85 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:49 on Sun 20 Apr to 20:05 on Mon 21 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-20T15:51:59Z → 1902-04-21T17:08:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 20th, 11:40–12:28 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22865 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1902 falls on Monday 21 April. Caturdaśī runs from 18:49 on Sun 20 Apr to 20:05 on Mon 21 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27463, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-04-21T20:06:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-21T17:08:25Z", "ms": -2136351095415.1855 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-22T21:47:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-22T18:49:30Z", "ms": -2136258630089.837 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-21T20:06:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-21T17:08:25Z", "ms": -2136351095415.1855 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-22T21:47:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-22T18:49:30Z", "ms": -2136258630089.837 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-21T11:40:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-21T08:42:41Z", "ms": -2136381438739.85 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-21T12:28:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-21T09:30:41Z", "ms": -2136378558739.85 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-22T11:40:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-22T08:42:29Z", "ms": -2136295051447.6846 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-22T12:28:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-22T09:30:29Z", "ms": -2136292171447.6846 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Mon 21 Apr to 21:46 on Tue 22 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-21T17:08:25Z → 1902-04-22T18:49:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 21st, 11:39–12:27 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27463 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1902 falls on Tuesday 22 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:05 on Mon 21 Apr to 21:46 on Tue 22 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-04-26", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-04-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26490, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-04-26T04:39:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-26T01:41:16Z", "ms": -2135974724129.5552 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-27T07:11:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-27T04:13:31Z", "ms": -2135879188601.8293 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-04-26T04:39:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-26T01:41:16Z", "ms": -2135974724129.5552 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-27T07:11:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-27T04:13:31Z", "ms": -2135879188601.8293 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-25T21:17:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-25T18:19:46Z", "ms": -2136001214457.0322 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-25T21:17:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-25T18:19:46Z", "ms": -2136001214457.0322 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-04-26T22:07:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-26T19:09:28Z", "ms": -2135911832307.804 }, "end": { "local": "1902-04-26T22:07:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-04-26T19:09:28Z", "ms": -2135911832307.804 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:38 on Sat 26 Apr to 07:11 on Sun 27 Apr.", "fact": "1902-04-26T01:41:16Z → 1902-04-27T04:13:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:17 on the 25th and 22:06 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26490 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 26 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Saturday 26 April. Caturthī runs from 04:38 on Sat 26 Apr to 07:11 on Sun 27 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-04-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-05-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27557, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-03T14:06:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-03T11:08:39Z", "ms": -2135335881463.6917 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-04T12:49:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-04T09:51:54Z", "ms": -2135254085595.8877 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-03T14:06:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-03T11:08:39Z", "ms": -2135335881463.6917 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-04T12:49:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-04T09:51:54Z", "ms": -2135254085595.8877 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-03T05:11:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-03T02:13:42Z", "ms": -2135367977693.8735 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-03T05:11:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-03T02:13:42Z", "ms": -2135367977693.8735 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-05-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-04T05:10:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-04T02:12:37Z", "ms": -2135281642507.6282 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-04T05:10:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-04T02:12:37Z", "ms": -2135281642507.6282 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:06 on Sat 3 May to 12:49 on Sun 4 May.", "fact": "1902-05-03T11:08:39Z → 1902-05-04T09:51:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:11 on the 3rd and 05:10 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 3rd and is on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 27557 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 4 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Sunday 4 May. Ekādaśī runs from 14:06 on Sat 3 May to 12:49 on Sun 4 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-05-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-05-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29094, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-05T10:50:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-05T07:52:27Z", "ms": -2135174852938.4055 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-06T08:14:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-06T05:16:12Z", "ms": -2135097827925.025 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-05T10:50:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-05T07:52:27Z", "ms": -2135174852938.4055 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-06T08:14:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-06T05:16:12Z", "ms": -2135097827925.025 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-05T18:55:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-05T15:57:21Z", "ms": -2135145758716.835 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-05T20:17:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-05T17:19:07Z", "ms": -2135140853363.548 } }, "covered_min": 82, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-06T18:56:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-06T15:58:13Z", "ms": -2135059307383.9077 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-06T20:17:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-06T17:19:43Z", "ms": -2135054417034.6523 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 82, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:49 on Mon 5 May to 08:13 on Tue 6 May.", "fact": "1902-05-05T07:52:27Z → 1902-05-06T05:16:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:54–20:16 on the 5th, 18:55–20:17 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 82 of 82 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 82 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29094 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Monday 5 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Monday 5 May. Trayodaśī runs from 10:49 on Mon 5 May to 08:13 on Tue 6 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-05-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-05-06", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16977, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-06T08:14:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-06T05:16:12Z", "ms": -2135097827925.025 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-07T05:08:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-07T02:10:48Z", "ms": -2135022551666.6208 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-06T08:14:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-06T05:16:12Z", "ms": -2135097827925.025 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-07T05:08:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-07T02:10:48Z", "ms": -2135022551666.6208 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-05T23:37:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-05T20:39:56Z", "ms": -2135128803642.0093 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-06T00:25:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-05T21:27:56Z", "ms": -2135125923642.0093 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-06T23:37:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-06T20:39:51Z", "ms": -2135042408574.1997 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-07T00:25:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-06T21:27:51Z", "ms": -2135039528574.1997 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 08:13 on Tue 6 May to 05:08 on Wed 7 May.", "fact": "1902-05-06T05:16:12Z → 1902-05-07T02:10:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:37–00:25 on the 5th, 23:37–00:25 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16977 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Tuesday 6 May. Caturdaśī runs from 08:13 on Tue 6 May to 05:08 on Wed 7 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-05-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1830, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-05-09T18:28:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-09T15:30:16Z", "ms": -2134801784315.2542 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-10T14:58:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T12:00:29Z", "ms": -2134727970812.3564 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-09T18:28:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-09T15:30:16Z", "ms": -2134801784315.2542 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-10T14:58:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T12:00:29Z", "ms": -2134727970812.3564 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-09T18:58:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-09T16:00:46Z", "ms": -2134799954105.7957 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-09T20:19:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-09T17:21:32Z", "ms": -2134795107660.232 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-10T18:59:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T16:01:37Z", "ms": -2134713503341.673 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-10T20:20:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T17:22:09Z", "ms": -2134708671140.074 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 18:27 on Fri 9 May to 14:57 on Sat 10 May.", "fact": "1902-05-09T15:30:16Z → 1902-05-10T12:00:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:58–20:19 on the 9th, 18:59–20:19 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 81 of 81 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 81 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1830 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1902 falls on Friday 9 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 18:27 on Fri 9 May to 14:57 on Sat 10 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18934, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-05-09T18:28:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-09T15:30:16Z", "ms": -2134801784315.2542 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-10T14:58:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T12:00:29Z", "ms": -2134727970812.3564 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-09T18:28:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-09T15:30:16Z", "ms": -2134801784315.2542 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-10T14:58:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T12:00:29Z", "ms": -2134727970812.3564 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-09T05:05:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-09T02:07:32Z", "ms": -2134849948384.087 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-09T09:43:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-09T06:45:16Z", "ms": -2134833283624.6565 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 278, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-10T05:04:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T02:06:34Z", "ms": -2134763605764.0674 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-10T09:42:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T06:44:55Z", "ms": -2134746904956.6025 } }, "covered_min": 278, "window_min": 278, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 18:27 on Fri 9 May to 14:57 on Sat 10 May.", "fact": "1902-05-09T15:30:16Z → 1902-05-10T12:00:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:05–09:42 on the 9th, 05:04–09:42 on the 10th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 278 minutes on the 9th and 278 of 278 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18934 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1902 falls on Saturday 10 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 18:27 on Fri 9 May to 14:57 on Sat 10 May and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 484, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-11T11:46:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-11T08:48:07Z", "ms": -2134653112844.0295 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-12T08:59:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-12T06:01:29Z", "ms": -2134576710553.2732 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-11T11:46:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-11T08:48:07Z", "ms": -2134653112844.0295 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-12T08:59:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-12T06:01:29Z", "ms": -2134576710553.2732 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-11T11:38:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-11T08:40:03Z", "ms": -2134653597308.9653 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-11T12:26:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-11T09:28:03Z", "ms": -2134650717308.9653 } }, "covered_min": 40, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-12T11:38:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-12T08:40:00Z", "ms": -2134567199516.3032 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-12T12:26:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-12T09:28:00Z", "ms": -2134564319516.3032 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 11:45 on Sun 11 May to 08:58 on Mon 12 May.", "fact": "1902-05-11T08:48:07Z → 1902-05-12T06:01:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 11th, 11:37–12:25 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 40 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 484 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 11 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1902 falls on Sunday 11 May. Pañcamī runs from 11:45 on Sun 11 May to 08:58 on Mon 12 May and covers 40 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-05-11", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 484, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-10T14:58:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T12:00:29Z", "ms": -2134727970812.3564 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-11T11:46:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-11T08:48:07Z", "ms": -2134653112844.0295 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-10T14:58:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T12:00:29Z", "ms": -2134727970812.3564 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-11T11:46:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-11T08:48:07Z", "ms": -2134653112844.0295 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-10T11:38:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T08:40:05Z", "ms": -2134739994552.87 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-10T12:26:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-10T09:28:05Z", "ms": -2134737114552.87 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-05-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-11T11:38:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-11T08:40:03Z", "ms": -2134653597308.9653 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-11T12:26:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-11T09:28:03Z", "ms": -2134650717308.9653 } }, "covered_min": 8, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:57 on Sat 10 May to 11:45 on Sun 11 May.", "fact": "1902-05-10T12:00:29Z → 1902-05-11T08:48:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 10th, 11:37–12:25 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 8 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 484 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 11 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Sunday 11 May. Caturthī runs from 14:57 on Sat 10 May to 11:45 on Sun 11 May and covers 8 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-05-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17538, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-13T06:45:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-13T03:47:40Z", "ms": -2134498339631.1436 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-14T05:09:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-14T02:11:59Z", "ms": -2134417680565.7227 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-13T06:45:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-13T03:47:40Z", "ms": -2134498339631.1436 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-14T05:09:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-14T02:11:59Z", "ms": -2134417680565.7227 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-13T11:37:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-13T08:39:59Z", "ms": -2134480801177.255 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-13T12:25:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-13T09:27:59Z", "ms": -2134477921177.255 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-14T11:37:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-14T08:39:58Z", "ms": -2134394402293.5234 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-14T12:25:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-14T09:27:58Z", "ms": -2134391522293.5234 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 06:45 on Tue 13 May to 05:09 on Wed 14 May.", "fact": "1902-05-13T03:47:40Z → 1902-05-14T02:11:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 13th, 11:37–12:25 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 17538 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1902 falls on Tuesday 13 May. Saptamī runs from 06:45 on Tue 13 May to 05:09 on Wed 14 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-05-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1682, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-17T04:30:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-17T01:32:29Z", "ms": -2134160851088.5864 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-18T05:33:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T02:35:49Z", "ms": -2134070651117.614 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-17T04:30:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-17T01:32:29Z", "ms": -2134160851088.5864 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-18T05:33:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T02:35:49Z", "ms": -2134070651117.614 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-17T04:58:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-17T02:00:31Z", "ms": -2134159169356.4666 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-17T04:58:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-17T02:00:31Z", "ms": -2134159169356.4666 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-18T04:57:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T01:59:44Z", "ms": -2134072815580.9536 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-18T04:57:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T01:59:44Z", "ms": -2134072815580.9536 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:29 on Sat 17 May to 05:33 on Sun 18 May.", "fact": "1902-05-17T01:32:29Z → 1902-05-18T02:35:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:58 on the 17th and 04:57 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1682 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 18 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Sunday 18 May. Ekādaśī runs from 04:29 on Sat 17 May to 05:33 on Sun 18 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-05-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16239, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-18T05:33:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T02:35:49Z", "ms": -2134070651117.614 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-19T07:07:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T04:09:21Z", "ms": -2133978638779.8699 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-18T05:33:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T02:35:49Z", "ms": -2134070651117.614 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-19T07:07:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T04:09:21Z", "ms": -2133978638779.8699 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-18T11:37:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T08:39:59Z", "ms": -2134048801335.3682 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-18T12:25:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T09:27:59Z", "ms": -2134045921335.3682 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-19T11:38:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T08:40:00Z", "ms": -2133962399746.5005 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-19T12:26:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T09:28:00Z", "ms": -2133959519746.5005 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 05:33 on Sun 18 May to 07:06 on Mon 19 May.", "fact": "1902-05-18T02:35:49Z → 1902-05-19T04:09:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 18th, 11:37–12:25 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16239 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 18 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1902 falls on Sunday 18 May. Dvādaśī runs from 05:33 on Sun 18 May to 07:06 on Mon 19 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16239, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-18T05:33:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T02:35:49Z", "ms": -2134070651117.614 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-19T07:07:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T04:09:21Z", "ms": -2133978638779.8699 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-18T05:33:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T02:35:49Z", "ms": -2134070651117.614 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-19T07:07:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T04:09:21Z", "ms": -2133978638779.8699 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-18T11:37:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T08:39:59Z", "ms": -2134048801335.3682 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-18T12:25:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-18T09:27:59Z", "ms": -2134045921335.3682 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-19T11:38:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T08:40:00Z", "ms": -2133962399746.5005 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-19T12:26:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T09:28:00Z", "ms": -2133959519746.5005 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 05:33 on Sun 18 May to 07:06 on Mon 19 May.", "fact": "1902-05-18T02:35:49Z → 1902-05-19T04:09:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 18th, 11:37–12:25 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16239 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 18 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1902 falls on Sunday 18 May. Dvādaśī runs from 05:33 on Sun 18 May to 07:06 on Mon 19 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-05-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36192, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-19T07:07:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T04:09:21Z", "ms": -2133978638779.8699 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-20T09:04:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-20T06:06:36Z", "ms": -2133885203739.9229 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-19T07:07:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T04:09:21Z", "ms": -2133978638779.8699 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-20T09:04:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-20T06:06:36Z", "ms": -2133885203739.9229 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-19T19:07:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T16:09:01Z", "ms": -2133935459187.0784 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-19T20:25:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-19T17:27:35Z", "ms": -2133930745096.631 } }, "covered_min": 79, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-20T19:07:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-20T16:09:48Z", "ms": -2133849011734.6804 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-20T20:26:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-20T17:28:10Z", "ms": -2133844309525.6887 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:06 on Mon 19 May to 09:04 on Tue 20 May.", "fact": "1902-05-19T04:09:21Z → 1902-05-20T06:06:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:06–20:25 on the 19th, 19:07–20:25 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 79 of 79 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 78 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36192 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Monday 19 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Monday 19 May. Trayodaśī runs from 07:06 on Mon 19 May to 09:04 on Tue 20 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-05-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28180, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-20T09:04:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-20T06:06:36Z", "ms": -2133885203739.9229 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-21T11:18:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T08:20:56Z", "ms": -2133790744287.584 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-20T09:04:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-20T06:06:36Z", "ms": -2133885203739.9229 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-21T11:18:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T08:20:56Z", "ms": -2133790744287.584 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-20T19:07:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-20T16:09:48Z", "ms": -2133849011734.6804 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-20T20:26:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-20T17:28:10Z", "ms": -2133844309525.6887 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-21T19:08:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T16:10:35Z", "ms": -2133762564760.4292 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-21T20:26:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T17:28:46Z", "ms": -2133757874160.369 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:04 on Tue 20 May to 11:18 on Wed 21 May.", "fact": "1902-05-20T06:06:36Z → 1902-05-21T08:20:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:07–20:25 on the 20th, 19:08–20:26 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 78 of 78 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 78 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28180 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 20 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1902 falls on Tuesday 20 May. Caturdaśī runs from 09:04 on Tue 20 May to 11:18 on Wed 21 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-21", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1149, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-05-21T11:18:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T08:20:56Z", "ms": -2133790744287.584 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-22T13:43:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-22T10:45:57Z", "ms": -2133695643223.665 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-21T11:18:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T08:20:56Z", "ms": -2133790744287.584 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-22T13:43:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-22T10:45:57Z", "ms": -2133695643223.665 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-21T11:38:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T08:40:05Z", "ms": -2133789594963.836 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-21T12:26:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T09:28:05Z", "ms": -2133786714963.836 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-22T11:38:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-22T08:40:08Z", "ms": -2133703191776.459 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-22T12:26:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-22T09:28:08Z", "ms": -2133700311776.459 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:18 on Wed 21 May to 13:43 on Thu 22 May.", "fact": "1902-05-21T08:20:56Z → 1902-05-22T10:45:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 21st, 11:37–12:25 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1149 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 21 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-21", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1902 falls on Wednesday 21 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:18 on Wed 21 May to 13:43 on Thu 22 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1149, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-05-21T11:18:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T08:20:56Z", "ms": -2133790744287.584 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-22T13:43:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-22T10:45:57Z", "ms": -2133695643223.665 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-21T11:18:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T08:20:56Z", "ms": -2133790744287.584 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-22T13:43:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-22T10:45:57Z", "ms": -2133695643223.665 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-21T11:38:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T08:40:05Z", "ms": -2133789594963.836 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-21T12:26:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-21T09:28:05Z", "ms": -2133786714963.836 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-22T11:38:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-22T08:40:08Z", "ms": -2133703191776.459 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-22T12:26:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-22T09:28:08Z", "ms": -2133700311776.459 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:18 on Wed 21 May to 13:43 on Thu 22 May.", "fact": "1902-05-21T08:20:56Z → 1902-05-22T10:45:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 21st, 11:37–12:25 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1149 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 22 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1902 falls on Thursday 22 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:18 on Wed 21 May to 13:43 on Thu 22 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-05-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-05-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1984, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-05-25T21:02:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-25T18:04:44Z", "ms": -2133410116156.2087 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-26T23:09:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-26T20:11:20Z", "ms": -2133316119559.4497 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-05-25T21:02:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-25T18:04:44Z", "ms": -2133410116156.2087 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-26T23:09:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-26T20:11:20Z", "ms": -2133316119559.4497 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-25T21:35:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-25T18:37:48Z", "ms": -2133408132443.1519 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-25T21:35:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-25T18:37:48Z", "ms": -2133408132443.1519 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-05-26T22:16:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-26T19:18:56Z", "ms": -2133319264255.8762 }, "end": { "local": "1902-05-26T22:16:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-05-26T19:18:56Z", "ms": -2133319264255.8762 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:02 on Sun 25 May to 23:08 on Mon 26 May.", "fact": "1902-05-25T18:04:44Z → 1902-05-26T20:11:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:35 on the 25th and 22:16 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both moonrises qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1984 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 25 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-05-25", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Sunday 25 May. Caturthī runs from 21:02 on Sun 25 May to 23:08 on Mon 26 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-05-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-06-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14711, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-02T00:44:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-01T21:46:11Z", "ms": -2132792028870.615 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-02T22:35:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-02T19:37:49Z", "ms": -2132713331496.8745 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-02T00:44:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-01T21:46:11Z", "ms": -2132792028870.615 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-02T22:35:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-02T19:37:49Z", "ms": -2132713331496.8745 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-02T04:49:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-02T01:51:22Z", "ms": -2132777317687.2603 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-02T04:49:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-02T01:51:22Z", "ms": -2132777317687.2603 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-03T04:49:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-03T01:51:02Z", "ms": -2132690937673.9956 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-03T04:49:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-03T01:51:02Z", "ms": -2132690937673.9956 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:43 on Mon 2 Jun to 22:35 on Mon 2 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-01T21:46:11Z → 1902-06-02T19:37:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:48 on the 2nd and 04:48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 2nd and is not on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14711 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 2 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aparā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Monday 2 June. Ekādaśī runs from 00:43 on Mon 2 Jun to 22:35 on Mon 2 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-06-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-06-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1961, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-03T19:50:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-03T16:52:29Z", "ms": -2132636850590.187 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-04T16:35:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-04T13:37:05Z", "ms": -2132562175201.14 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-03T19:50:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-03T16:52:29Z", "ms": -2132636850590.187 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-04T16:35:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-04T13:37:05Z", "ms": -2132562175201.14 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-03T19:17:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-03T16:19:48Z", "ms": -2132638811800.6406 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-03T20:33:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-03T17:35:56Z", "ms": -2132634244350.2202 } }, "covered_min": 43, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-04T19:18:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-04T16:20:25Z", "ms": -2132552374918.2192 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-04T20:34:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-04T17:36:25Z", "ms": -2132547814587.0164 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:49 on Tue 3 Jun to 16:34 on Wed 4 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-03T16:52:29Z → 1902-06-04T13:37:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:17–20:33 on the 3rd, 19:17–20:33 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 43 of 76 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 76 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1961 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 3 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Tuesday 3 June. Trayodaśī runs from 19:49 on Tue 3 Jun to 16:34 on Wed 4 Jun and covers 43 of 76 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-06-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-06-04", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25462, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-04T16:35:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-04T13:37:05Z", "ms": -2132562175201.14 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-05T12:58:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-05T10:00:02Z", "ms": -2132488798386.4988 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-04T16:35:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-04T13:37:05Z", "ms": -2132562175201.14 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-05T12:58:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-05T10:00:02Z", "ms": -2132488798386.4988 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-04T23:39:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-04T20:41:26Z", "ms": -2132536713676.2085 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-05T00:27:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-04T21:29:26Z", "ms": -2132533833676.2085 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-05T23:39:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-05T20:41:37Z", "ms": -2132450303124.5825 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-06T00:27:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-05T21:29:37Z", "ms": -2132447423124.5825 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 16:34 on Wed 4 Jun to 12:57 on Thu 5 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-04T13:37:05Z → 1902-06-05T10:00:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:38–00:26 on the 4th, 23:39–00:27 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25462 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 4 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Wednesday 4 June. Caturdaśī runs from 16:34 on Wed 4 Jun to 12:57 on Thu 5 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-06-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35117, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-06-08T01:36:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-07T22:38:05Z", "ms": -2132270514858.6458 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-08T22:13:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-08T19:15:32Z", "ms": -2132196267694.443 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-08T01:36:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-07T22:38:05Z", "ms": -2132270514858.6458 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-08T22:13:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-08T19:15:32Z", "ms": -2132196267694.443 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-07T11:40:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-07T08:42:05Z", "ms": -2132320675354.8489 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-07T12:28:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-07T09:30:05Z", "ms": -2132317795354.8489 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-08T11:40:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-08T08:42:15Z", "ms": -2132234264710.2063 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-08T12:28:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-08T09:30:15Z", "ms": -2132231384710.2063 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 01:35 on Sun 8 Jun to 22:13 on Sun 8 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-07T22:38:05Z → 1902-06-08T19:15:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 7th, 11:39–12:27 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35117 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1902 falls on Sunday 8 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 01:35 on Sun 8 Jun to 22:13 on Sun 8 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-06-09", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24716, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-08T22:13:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-08T19:15:32Z", "ms": -2132196267694.443 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-09T19:20:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-09T16:22:22Z", "ms": -2132120257729.7168 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-08T22:13:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-08T19:15:32Z", "ms": -2132196267694.443 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-09T19:20:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-09T16:22:22Z", "ms": -2132120257729.7168 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-08T11:40:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-08T08:42:15Z", "ms": -2132234264710.2063 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-08T12:28:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-08T09:30:15Z", "ms": -2132231384710.2063 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-09T11:40:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-09T08:42:26Z", "ms": -2132147853796.0293 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-09T12:28:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-09T09:30:26Z", "ms": -2132144973796.0293 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:13 on Sun 8 Jun to 19:19 on Mon 9 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-08T19:15:32Z → 1902-06-09T16:22:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 8th, 11:39–12:27 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24716 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 9 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Monday 9 June. Caturthī runs from 22:13 on Sun 8 Jun to 19:19 on Mon 9 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-06-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11179, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-10T17:05:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-10T14:07:19Z", "ms": -2132041960986.481 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-11T15:35:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-11T12:37:07Z", "ms": -2131960972639.4844 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-10T17:05:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-10T14:07:19Z", "ms": -2132041960986.481 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-11T15:35:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-11T12:37:07Z", "ms": -2131960972639.4844 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-10T11:40:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-10T08:42:37Z", "ms": -2132061442636.499 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-10T12:28:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-10T09:30:37Z", "ms": -2132058562636.499 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-11T11:40:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-11T08:42:49Z", "ms": -2131975031254.745 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-11T12:28:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-11T09:30:49Z", "ms": -2131972151254.745 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:04 on Tue 10 Jun to 15:34 on Wed 11 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-10T14:07:19Z → 1902-06-11T12:37:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 10th, 11:40–12:28 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11179 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 11 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1902 falls on Wednesday 11 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:04 on Tue 10 Jun to 15:34 on Wed 11 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11179, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-10T17:05:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-10T14:07:19Z", "ms": -2132041960986.481 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-11T15:35:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-11T12:37:07Z", "ms": -2131960972639.4844 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-10T17:05:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-10T14:07:19Z", "ms": -2132041960986.481 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-11T15:35:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-11T12:37:07Z", "ms": -2131960972639.4844 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-10T11:40:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-10T08:42:37Z", "ms": -2132061442636.499 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-10T12:28:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-10T09:30:37Z", "ms": -2132058562636.499 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-11T11:40:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-11T08:42:49Z", "ms": -2131975031254.745 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-11T12:28:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-11T09:30:49Z", "ms": -2131972151254.745 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:04 on Tue 10 Jun to 15:34 on Wed 11 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-10T14:07:19Z → 1902-06-11T12:37:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 10th, 11:40–12:28 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11179 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 11 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1902 falls on Wednesday 11 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:04 on Tue 10 Jun to 15:34 on Wed 11 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-06-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33453, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-15T17:27:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-15T14:29:46Z", "ms": -2131608613729.7656 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-16T19:29:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-16T16:31:50Z", "ms": -2131514890491.4475 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-15T17:27:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-15T14:29:46Z", "ms": -2131608613729.7656 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-16T19:29:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-16T16:31:50Z", "ms": -2131514890491.4475 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-16T04:47:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-16T01:49:19Z", "ms": -2131567841391.5168 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-16T04:47:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-16T01:49:19Z", "ms": -2131567841391.5168 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-17T04:47:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T01:49:22Z", "ms": -2131481437651.7659 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-17T04:47:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T01:49:22Z", "ms": -2131481437651.7659 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:27 on Sun 15 Jun to 19:29 on Mon 16 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-15T14:29:46Z → 1902-06-16T16:31:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:46 on the 16th and 04:46 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33453 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 16 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Monday 16 June. Ekādaśī runs from 17:27 on Sun 15 Jun to 19:29 on Mon 16 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-06-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25201, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-16T19:29:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-16T16:31:50Z", "ms": -2131514890491.4475 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-17T21:50:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T18:52:52Z", "ms": -2131420028139.5562 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-16T19:29:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-16T16:31:50Z", "ms": -2131514890491.4475 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-17T21:50:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T18:52:52Z", "ms": -2131420028139.5562 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-16T11:41:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-16T08:43:48Z", "ms": -2131542971766.7666 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-16T12:29:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-16T09:31:48Z", "ms": -2131540091766.7666 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-17T11:42:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T08:44:01Z", "ms": -2131456559497.8862 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-17T12:30:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T09:32:01Z", "ms": -2131453679497.8862 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 19:29 on Mon 16 Jun to 21:50 on Tue 17 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-16T16:31:50Z → 1902-06-17T18:52:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 16th, 11:41–12:29 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25201 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1902 falls on Tuesday 17 June. Dvādaśī runs from 19:29 on Mon 16 Jun to 21:50 on Tue 17 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-06-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4271, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-17T21:50:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T18:52:52Z", "ms": -2131420028139.5562 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-19T00:20:47+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-18T21:22:47Z", "ms": -2131324632563.4504 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-17T21:50:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T18:52:52Z", "ms": -2131420028139.5562 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-19T00:20:47+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-18T21:22:47Z", "ms": -2131324632563.4504 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-17T19:24:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T16:26:39Z", "ms": -2131428801344.0068 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-17T20:39:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-17T17:41:41Z", "ms": -2131424298803.9514 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-18T19:24:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-18T16:26:58Z", "ms": -2131342382011.2441 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-18T20:39:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-18T17:41:59Z", "ms": -2131337881120.6692 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:50 on Tue 17 Jun to 00:20 on Thu 19 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-17T18:52:52Z → 1902-06-18T21:22:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:24–20:39 on the 17th, 19:24–20:39 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 75 minutes on the 17th and 75 of 75 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4271 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 18 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Wednesday 18 June. Trayodaśī runs from 21:50 on Tue 17 Jun to 00:20 on Thu 19 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-06-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22243, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-06-20T02:50:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-19T23:52:58Z", "ms": -2131229221554.177 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-21T05:14:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-21T02:16:41Z", "ms": -2131134199102.1248 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-20T02:50:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-19T23:52:58Z", "ms": -2131229221554.177 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-21T05:14:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-21T02:16:41Z", "ms": -2131134199102.1248 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-19T19:25:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-19T16:27:16Z", "ms": -2131255964168.821 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-19T20:40:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-19T17:42:15Z", "ms": -2131251464517.3547 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-20T19:25:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-20T16:27:32Z", "ms": -2131169547840.6074 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-20T20:40:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-20T17:42:31Z", "ms": -2131165049016.9795 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:50 on Fri 20 Jun to 05:14 on Sat 21 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-19T23:52:58Z → 1902-06-21T02:16:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:24–20:39 on the 19th, 19:25–20:40 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 75 minutes on the 19th and 75 of 75 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 22243 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Friday 20 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1902 falls on Friday 20 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:50 on Fri 20 Jun to 05:14 on Sat 21 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-06-24", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-06-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35392, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-06-24T11:01:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-24T08:03:49Z", "ms": -2130854170966.63 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-25T12:17:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-25T09:19:33Z", "ms": -2130763226517.7297 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-06-24T11:01:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-24T08:03:49Z", "ms": -2130854170966.63 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-25T12:17:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-25T09:19:33Z", "ms": -2130763226517.7297 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-24T21:32:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-24T18:34:57Z", "ms": -2130816302525.9707 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-24T21:32:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-24T18:34:57Z", "ms": -2130816302525.9707 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-06-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-06-25T22:07:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-25T19:09:26Z", "ms": -2130727834303.8242 }, "end": { "local": "1902-06-25T22:07:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-06-25T19:09:26Z", "ms": -2130727834303.8242 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 11:01 on Tue 24 Jun to 12:17 on Wed 25 Jun.", "fact": "1902-06-24T08:03:49Z → 1902-06-25T09:19:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:32 on the 24th and 22:06 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35392 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 24 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-06-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Tuesday 24 June. Caturthī runs from 11:01 on Tue 24 Jun to 12:17 on Wed 25 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-06-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-07-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4155, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-01T08:41:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-01T05:43:43Z", "ms": -2130257777488.3997 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-02T06:00:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-02T03:02:37Z", "ms": -2130181042932.1353 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-01T08:41:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-01T05:43:43Z", "ms": -2130257777488.3997 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-02T06:00:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-02T03:02:37Z", "ms": -2130181042932.1353 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-01T04:50:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-01T01:52:56Z", "ms": -2130271623734.6707 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-01T04:50:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-01T01:52:56Z", "ms": -2130271623734.6707 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-02T04:51:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-02T01:53:22Z", "ms": -2130185197835.535 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-02T04:51:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-02T01:53:22Z", "ms": -2130185197835.535 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:41 on Tue 1 Jul to 06:00 on Wed 2 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-01T05:43:43Z → 1902-07-02T03:02:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:50 on the 1st and 04:50 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 1st and is on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4155 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 2 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Wednesday 2 July. Ekādaśī runs from 08:41 on Tue 1 Jul to 06:00 on Wed 2 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-07-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-07-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9565, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-03T02:51:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-02T23:53:22Z", "ms": -2130105998273.746 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-03T23:21:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-03T20:23:29Z", "ms": -2130032191428.5508 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-03T02:51:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-02T23:53:22Z", "ms": -2130105998273.746 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-03T23:21:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-03T20:23:29Z", "ms": -2130032191428.5508 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-02T19:26:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-02T16:28:43Z", "ms": -2130132677101.863 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-02T20:42:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-02T17:44:04Z", "ms": -2130128156245.7856 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-03T19:26:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-03T16:28:38Z", "ms": -2130046282109.9648 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-03T20:42:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-03T17:44:03Z", "ms": -2130041756803.4993 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:50 on Thu 3 Jul to 23:20 on Thu 3 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-02T23:53:22Z → 1902-07-03T20:23:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:26–20:41 on the 2nd, 19:26–20:41 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 75 minutes on the 2nd and 75 of 75 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9565 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Thursday 3 July. Trayodaśī runs from 02:50 on Thu 3 Jul to 23:20 on Thu 3 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-07-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-07-03", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1439, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-03T23:21:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-03T20:23:29Z", "ms": -2130032191428.5508 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-04T19:40:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-04T16:42:01Z", "ms": -2129959079131.6648 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-03T23:21:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-03T20:23:29Z", "ms": -2130032191428.5508 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-04T19:40:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-04T16:42:01Z", "ms": -2129959079131.6648 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-03T23:45:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-03T20:47:28Z", "ms": -2130030752210.7192 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-04T00:33:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-03T21:35:28Z", "ms": -2130027872210.7192 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-04T23:45:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-04T20:47:39Z", "ms": -2129944340810.5366 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-05T00:33:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-04T21:35:39Z", "ms": -2129941460810.5366 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:20 on Thu 3 Jul to 19:39 on Fri 4 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-03T20:23:29Z → 1902-07-04T16:42:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:44–00:32 on the 3rd, 23:45–00:33 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1439 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 3 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Thursday 3 July. Caturdaśī runs from 23:20 on Thu 3 Jul to 19:39 on Fri 4 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-07-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 613, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-07-06T12:23:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-06T09:25:32Z", "ms": -2129812467592.395 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-07T09:10:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-07T06:12:13Z", "ms": -2129737667291.3054 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-06T12:23:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-06T09:25:32Z", "ms": -2129812467592.395 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-07T09:10:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-07T06:12:13Z", "ms": -2129737667291.3054 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-06T11:45:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-06T08:47:45Z", "ms": -2129814734840.833 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-06T12:33:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-06T09:35:45Z", "ms": -2129811854840.833 } }, "covered_min": 10, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-07T11:45:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-07T08:47:55Z", "ms": -2129728324964.128 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-07T12:33:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-07T09:35:55Z", "ms": -2129725444964.128 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 12:23 on Sun 6 Jul to 09:09 on Mon 7 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-06T09:25:32Z → 1902-07-07T06:12:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 6th, 11:45–12:33 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 10 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 613 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rathayātrā 1902 falls on Sunday 6 July. Dvitīyā runs from 12:23 on Sun 6 Jul to 09:09 on Mon 7 Jul and covers 10 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-07-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19108, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-08T06:27:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-08T03:29:36Z", "ms": -2129661023534.1763 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-09T04:25:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-09T01:27:02Z", "ms": -2129581978053.8108 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-08T06:27:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-08T03:29:36Z", "ms": -2129661023534.1763 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-09T04:25:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-09T01:27:02Z", "ms": -2129581978053.8108 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-08T11:46:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-08T08:48:05Z", "ms": -2129641915449.585 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-08T12:34:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-08T09:36:05Z", "ms": -2129639035449.585 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-09T11:46:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-09T08:48:14Z", "ms": -2129555506319.6118 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-09T12:34:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-09T09:36:14Z", "ms": -2129552626319.6118 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:27 on Tue 8 Jul to 04:24 on Wed 9 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-08T03:29:36Z → 1902-07-09T01:27:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 8th, 11:45–12:33 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19108 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Tuesday 8 July. Caturthī runs from 06:27 on Tue 8 Jul to 04:24 on Wed 9 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-07-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26472, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-09T04:25:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-09T01:27:02Z", "ms": -2129581978053.8108 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-10T03:09:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-10T00:11:42Z", "ms": -2129500098472.9639 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-09T04:25:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-09T01:27:02Z", "ms": -2129581978053.8108 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-10T03:09:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-10T00:11:42Z", "ms": -2129500098472.9639 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-09T11:46:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-09T08:48:14Z", "ms": -2129555506319.6118 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-09T12:34:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-09T09:36:14Z", "ms": -2129552626319.6118 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-10T11:46:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-10T08:48:22Z", "ms": -2129469097594.6973 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-10T12:34:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-10T09:36:22Z", "ms": -2129466217594.6973 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 04:24 on Wed 9 Jul to 03:09 on Thu 10 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-09T01:27:02Z → 1902-07-10T00:11:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 9th, 11:45–12:33 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26472 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 9 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Skanda Pañcamī 1902 falls on Wednesday 9 July. Pañcamī runs from 04:24 on Wed 9 Jul to 03:09 on Thu 10 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30824, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-11T02:45:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-10T23:47:39Z", "ms": -2129415140696.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-12T03:12:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-12T00:14:54Z", "ms": -2129327105911.1157 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-11T02:45:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-10T23:47:39Z", "ms": -2129415140696.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-12T03:12:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-12T00:14:54Z", "ms": -2129327105911.1157 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-11T11:46:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-11T08:48:31Z", "ms": -2129382689293.5098 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-11T12:34:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-11T09:36:31Z", "ms": -2129379809293.5098 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-12T11:46:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-12T08:48:39Z", "ms": -2129296281433.0918 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-12T12:34:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-12T09:36:39Z", "ms": -2129293401433.0918 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 02:45 on Fri 11 Jul to 03:12 on Sat 12 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-10T23:47:39Z → 1902-07-12T00:14:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 11th, 11:46–12:34 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 30824 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 11 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vivasvat Saptamī 1902 falls on Friday 11 July. Saptamī runs from 02:45 on Fri 11 Jul to 03:12 on Sat 12 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-07-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13025, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-15T08:35:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-15T05:37:43Z", "ms": -2129048536988.5203 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-16T11:05:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-16T08:07:29Z", "ms": -2128953150953.289 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-15T08:35:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-15T05:37:43Z", "ms": -2129048536988.5203 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-16T11:05:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-16T08:07:29Z", "ms": -2128953150953.289 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-15T04:58:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-15T02:00:38Z", "ms": -2129061561837.5615 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-15T04:58:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-15T02:00:38Z", "ms": -2129061561837.5615 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-16T04:59:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-16T02:01:18Z", "ms": -2128975122048.1924 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-16T04:59:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-16T02:01:18Z", "ms": -2128975122048.1924 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:35 on Tue 15 Jul to 11:04 on Wed 16 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-15T05:37:43Z → 1902-07-16T08:07:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:58 on the 15th and 04:58 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 15th and is on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13025 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 16 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Wednesday 16 July. Ekādaśī runs from 08:35 on Tue 15 Jul to 11:04 on Wed 16 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-07-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-07-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12370, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-17T13:35:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-17T10:37:26Z", "ms": -2128857754023.9534 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-18T15:55:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-18T12:57:42Z", "ms": -2128762937833.6055 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-17T13:35:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-17T10:37:26Z", "ms": -2128857754023.9534 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-18T15:55:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-18T12:57:42Z", "ms": -2128762937833.6055 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-17T19:22:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-17T16:24:23Z", "ms": -2128836936939.2217 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-17T20:39:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-17T17:41:29Z", "ms": -2128832310730.7388 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-18T19:21:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-18T16:23:52Z", "ms": -2128750568250.981 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-18T20:39:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-18T17:41:08Z", "ms": -2128745932292.0579 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:34 on Thu 17 Jul to 15:55 on Fri 18 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-17T10:37:26Z → 1902-07-18T12:57:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:21–20:38 on the 17th, 19:21–20:38 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 77 of 77 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 77 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12370 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 17 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Thursday 17 July. Trayodaśī runs from 13:34 on Thu 17 Jul to 15:55 on Fri 18 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-07-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-19", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1338, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T17:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z", "ms": -2128669108427.982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:43:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:45:02Z", "ms": -2128576497608.8857 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T17:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z", "ms": -2128669108427.982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:43:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:45:02Z", "ms": -2128576497608.8857 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T19:21:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T16:23:19Z", "ms": -2128664201255.4348 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-19T20:38:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T17:40:45Z", "ms": -2128659555238.9807 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:20:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:22:44Z", "ms": -2128577835935.941 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T20:38:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T17:40:20Z", "ms": -2128573179561.236 } }, "covered_min": 22, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:59 on Sat 19 Jul to 19:42 on Sun 20 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z → 1902-07-20T16:45:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:20–20:38 on the 19th, 19:20–20:37 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 77 of 77 minutes on the 19th and 22 of 78 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1338 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-19", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śiva Śayanotsava 1902 falls on Saturday 19 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:59 on Sat 19 Jul to 19:42 on Sun 20 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 22 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33584, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T17:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z", "ms": -2128669108427.982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:43:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:45:02Z", "ms": -2128576497608.8857 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T17:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z", "ms": -2128669108427.982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:43:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:45:02Z", "ms": -2128576497608.8857 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-20T05:02:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T02:04:04Z", "ms": -2128629356132.0298 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T07:53:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T04:55:48Z", "ms": -2128619052092.812 } }, "covered_min": 172, "window_min": 172, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-21T05:02:47+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-21T02:04:47Z", "ms": -2128542913125.6548 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-21T07:54:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-21T04:56:15Z", "ms": -2128532624955.473 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 171, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:59 on Sat 19 Jul to 19:42 on Sun 20 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z → 1902-07-20T16:45:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:01–07:53 on the 20th, 05:02–07:53 on the 21st.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 172 of 172 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 171 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33584 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vyāsa Pūjā 1902 falls on Sunday 20 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:59 on Sat 19 Jul to 19:42 on Sun 20 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19451, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T17:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z", "ms": -2128669108427.982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:43:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:45:02Z", "ms": -2128576497608.8857 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T17:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z", "ms": -2128669108427.982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:43:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:45:02Z", "ms": -2128576497608.8857 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T11:47:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T08:49:20Z", "ms": -2128691439907.2466 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-19T12:35:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T09:37:20Z", "ms": -2128688559907.2466 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-20T11:47:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T08:49:24Z", "ms": -2128605036033.9854 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T12:35:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T09:37:24Z", "ms": -2128602156033.9854 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:59 on Sat 19 Jul to 19:42 on Sun 20 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z → 1902-07-20T16:45:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 19th, 11:46–12:34 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19451 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Guru Pūrṇimā 1902 falls on Sunday 20 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:59 on Sat 19 Jul to 19:42 on Sun 20 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-20", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1338, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T17:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z", "ms": -2128669108427.982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:43:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:45:02Z", "ms": -2128576497608.8857 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T17:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z", "ms": -2128669108427.982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:43:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:45:02Z", "ms": -2128576497608.8857 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-19T16:29:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T13:31:19Z", "ms": -2128674520716.1594 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-19T19:21:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-19T16:23:19Z", "ms": -2128664201255.4348 } }, "covered_min": 82, "window_min": 172, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-20T16:29:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T13:31:00Z", "ms": -2128588139975.1587 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-20T19:20:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-20T16:22:44Z", "ms": -2128577835935.941 } }, "covered_min": 172, "window_min": 172, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 17:59 on Sat 19 Jul to 19:42 on Sun 20 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-19T15:01:32Z → 1902-07-20T16:45:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:28–19:20 on the 19th, 16:28–19:20 on the 20th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 82 of 172 minutes on the 19th and 172 of 172 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both late afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1338 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-20", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-20", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kokilā Vrata 1902 falls on Sunday 20 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 17:59 on Sat 19 Jul to 19:42 on Sun 20 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon. It also reaches the previous late afternoon for 82 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5395, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-07-21T21:04:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-21T18:06:32Z", "ms": -2128485208100.1677 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-22T22:03:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-22T19:05:28Z", "ms": -2128395271737.655 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-21T21:04:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-21T18:06:32Z", "ms": -2128485208100.1677 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-22T22:03:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-22T19:05:28Z", "ms": -2128395271737.655 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-21T19:34:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-21T16:36:37Z", "ms": -2128490603183.3008 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-21T19:34:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-21T16:36:37Z", "ms": -2128490603183.3008 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-22T20:10:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-22T17:12:09Z", "ms": -2128402071021.2366 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-22T20:10:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-22T17:12:09Z", "ms": -2128402071021.2366 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 21:04 on Mon 21 Jul to 22:02 on Tue 22 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-21T18:06:32Z → 1902-07-22T19:05:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:34 on the 21st and 20:09 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5395 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 22 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1902 falls on Tuesday 22 July. Dvitīyā runs from 21:04 on Mon 21 Jul to 22:02 on Tue 22 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-07-24", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5699, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-23T22:39:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-23T19:41:37Z", "ms": -2128306703390.6448 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-24T22:52:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-24T19:54:21Z", "ms": -2128219538834.1025 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-23T22:39:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-23T19:41:37Z", "ms": -2128306703390.6448 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-24T22:52:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-24T19:54:21Z", "ms": -2128219538834.1025 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-23T20:44:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-23T17:46:06Z", "ms": -2128313633842.1174 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-23T20:44:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-23T17:46:06Z", "ms": -2128313633842.1174 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-24T21:17:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-24T18:19:22Z", "ms": -2128225237502.559 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-24T21:17:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-24T18:19:22Z", "ms": -2128225237502.559 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:39 on Wed 23 Jul to 22:51 on Thu 24 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-23T19:41:37Z → 1902-07-24T19:54:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:43 on the 23rd and 21:16 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5699 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 24 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Thursday 24 July. Caturthī runs from 22:39 on Wed 23 Jul to 22:51 on Thu 24 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-07-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-07-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-07-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24420, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-07-30T14:48:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-30T11:50:55Z", "ms": -2127730145022.2002 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-31T11:57:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-31T08:59:23Z", "ms": -2127654037471.482 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-07-30T14:48:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-30T11:50:55Z", "ms": -2127730145022.2002 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-31T11:57:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-31T08:59:23Z", "ms": -2127654037471.482 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-30T05:09:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-30T02:11:35Z", "ms": -2127764904775.1904 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-30T05:09:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-30T02:11:35Z", "ms": -2127764904775.1904 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-31T05:10:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-31T02:12:22Z", "ms": -2127678457551.8804 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-31T05:10:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-31T02:12:22Z", "ms": -2127678457551.8804 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:48 on Wed 30 Jul to 11:56 on Thu 31 Jul.", "fact": "1902-07-30T11:50:55Z → 1902-07-31T08:59:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:09 on the 30th and 05:09 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 24420 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 31 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-07-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Thursday 31 July. Ekādaśī runs from 14:48 on Wed 30 Jul to 11:56 on Thu 31 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-07-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-08-01", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32542, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-01T08:49:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-01T05:51:52Z", "ms": -2127578888108.2507 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-02T05:34:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-02T02:36:09Z", "ms": -2127504231402.0408 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-01T08:49:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-01T05:51:52Z", "ms": -2127578888108.2507 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-02T05:34:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-02T02:36:09Z", "ms": -2127504231402.0408 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-07-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-07-31T19:12:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-31T16:14:38Z", "ms": -2127627922374.6284 }, "end": { "local": "1902-07-31T20:32:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-07-31T17:34:26Z", "ms": -2127623134066.587 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-01T19:11:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-01T16:13:44Z", "ms": -2127541575572.3533 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-01T20:31:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-01T17:33:46Z", "ms": -2127536773808.4497 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 08:49 on Fri 1 Aug to 05:33 on Sat 2 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-01T05:51:52Z → 1902-08-02T02:36:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:12–20:31 on the 31st, 19:11–20:31 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 80 minutes on the 31st and 80 of 80 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32542 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Friday 1 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Friday 1 August. Trayodaśī runs from 08:49 on Fri 1 Aug to 05:33 on Sat 2 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-08-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-08-02", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6207, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-02T05:34:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-02T02:36:09Z", "ms": -2127504231402.0408 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-03T02:19:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-02T23:21:15Z", "ms": -2127429525060.3225 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-02T05:34:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-02T02:36:09Z", "ms": -2127504231402.0408 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-03T02:19:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-02T23:21:15Z", "ms": -2127429525060.3225 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-01T23:47:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-01T20:49:51Z", "ms": -2127525008957.7153 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-02T00:35:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-01T21:37:51Z", "ms": -2127522128957.7153 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-02T23:47:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-02T20:49:48Z", "ms": -2127438612294.8113 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-03T00:35:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-02T21:37:48Z", "ms": -2127435732294.8113 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:33 on Sat 2 Aug to 02:18 on Sun 3 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-02T02:36:09Z → 1902-08-02T23:21:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:47–00:35 on the 1st, 23:47–00:35 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6207 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 2 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Saturday 2 August. Caturdaśī runs from 05:33 on Sat 2 Aug to 02:18 on Sun 3 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-08-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15034, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-08-05T18:18:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-05T15:20:59Z", "ms": -2127199140520.01 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-06T16:45:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-06T13:47:38Z", "ms": -2127118342031.1416 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-05T18:18:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-05T15:20:59Z", "ms": -2127199140520.01 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-06T16:45:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-06T13:47:38Z", "ms": -2127118342031.1416 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-05T11:47:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-05T08:49:10Z", "ms": -2127222650122.1372 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-05T12:35:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-05T09:37:10Z", "ms": -2127219770122.1372 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-06T11:47:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-06T08:49:04Z", "ms": -2127136255938.8467 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-06T12:35:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-06T09:37:04Z", "ms": -2127133375938.8467 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 18:18 on Tue 5 Aug to 16:45 on Wed 6 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-05T15:20:59Z → 1902-08-06T13:47:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 5th, 11:46–12:34 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15034 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 6 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1902 falls on Wednesday 6 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 18:18 on Tue 5 Aug to 16:45 on Wed 6 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-08-07", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12192, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-06T16:45:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-06T13:47:38Z", "ms": -2127118342031.1416 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-07T15:58:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-07T13:00:10Z", "ms": -2127034790179.2866 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-06T16:45:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-06T13:47:38Z", "ms": -2127118342031.1416 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-07T15:58:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-07T13:00:10Z", "ms": -2127034790179.2866 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-06T11:47:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-06T08:49:04Z", "ms": -2127136255938.8467 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-06T12:35:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-06T09:37:04Z", "ms": -2127133375938.8467 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-07T11:46:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-07T08:48:58Z", "ms": -2127049862355.599 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-07T12:34:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-07T09:36:58Z", "ms": -2127046982355.599 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:45 on Wed 6 Aug to 15:57 on Thu 7 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-06T13:47:38Z → 1902-08-07T13:00:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 6th, 11:46–12:34 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12192 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Thursday 7 August. Caturthī runs from 16:45 on Wed 6 Aug to 15:57 on Thu 7 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-08-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12192, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-07T15:58:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-07T13:00:10Z", "ms": -2127034790179.2866 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-08T15:59:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-08T13:01:55Z", "ms": -2126948285093.7627 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-07T15:58:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-07T13:00:10Z", "ms": -2127034790179.2866 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-08T15:59:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-08T13:01:55Z", "ms": -2126948285093.7627 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-07T11:46:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-07T08:48:58Z", "ms": -2127049862355.599 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-07T12:34:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-07T09:36:58Z", "ms": -2127046982355.599 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-08T11:46:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-08T08:48:51Z", "ms": -2126963469371.4429 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-08T12:34:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-08T09:36:51Z", "ms": -2126960589371.4429 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 15:57 on Thu 7 Aug to 15:59 on Fri 8 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-07T13:00:10Z → 1902-08-08T13:01:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 7th, 11:46–12:34 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12192 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 8 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nāga Pañcamī 1902 falls on Friday 8 August. Pañcamī runs from 15:57 on Thu 7 Aug to 15:59 on Fri 8 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-08-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6142, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-14T01:20:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-13T22:22:20Z", "ms": -2126482660234.7288 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-15T03:40:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T00:42:05Z", "ms": -2126387875025.4758 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-14T01:20:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-13T22:22:20Z", "ms": -2126482660234.7288 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-15T03:40:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T00:42:05Z", "ms": -2126387875025.4758 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-14T05:21:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-14T02:23:39Z", "ms": -2126468181094.4043 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-14T05:21:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-14T02:23:39Z", "ms": -2126468181094.4043 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-15T05:22:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T02:24:27Z", "ms": -2126381732538.7832 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-15T05:22:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T02:24:27Z", "ms": -2126381732538.7832 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:19 on Thu 14 Aug to 03:39 on Fri 15 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-13T22:22:20Z → 1902-08-15T00:42:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:21 on the 14th and 05:21 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6142 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Putradā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Thursday 14 August. Ekādaśī runs from 01:19 on Thu 14 Aug to 03:39 on Fri 15 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-08-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21885, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-15T03:40:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T00:42:05Z", "ms": -2126387875025.4758 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-16T05:40:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-16T02:42:48Z", "ms": -2126294231755.8184 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-15T03:40:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T00:42:05Z", "ms": -2126387875025.4758 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-16T05:40:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-16T02:42:48Z", "ms": -2126294231755.8184 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-15T11:45:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T08:47:45Z", "ms": -2126358734871.0547 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-15T12:33:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T09:35:45Z", "ms": -2126355854871.0547 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-16T11:45:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-16T08:47:34Z", "ms": -2126272346478.0337 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-16T12:33:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-16T09:35:34Z", "ms": -2126269466478.0337 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 03:39 on Fri 15 Aug to 05:40 on Sat 16 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-15T00:42:05Z → 1902-08-16T02:42:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 15th, 11:45–12:33 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21885 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 15 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1902 falls on Friday 15 August. Dvādaśī runs from 03:39 on Fri 15 Aug to 05:40 on Sat 16 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-08-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33616, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-16T05:40:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-16T02:42:48Z", "ms": -2126294231755.8184 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-17T07:16:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-17T04:18:01Z", "ms": -2126202119005.1985 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-16T05:40:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-16T02:42:48Z", "ms": -2126294231755.8184 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-17T07:16:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-17T04:18:01Z", "ms": -2126202119005.1985 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-15T18:57:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T15:59:03Z", "ms": -2126332857203.326 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-15T20:20:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-15T17:22:33Z", "ms": -2126327847446.3098 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 83, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-16T18:55:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-16T15:57:51Z", "ms": -2126246528930.3618 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-16T20:19:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-16T17:21:37Z", "ms": -2126241503147.9207 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:40 on Sat 16 Aug to 07:15 on Sun 17 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-16T02:42:48Z → 1902-08-17T04:18:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:56–20:20 on the 15th, 18:55–20:19 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 83 minutes on the 15th and 84 of 84 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33616 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Saturday 16 August. Trayodaśī runs from 05:40 on Sat 16 Aug to 07:15 on Sun 17 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-08-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-18", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 12936, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-08-18T08:22:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-18T05:24:52Z", "ms": -2126111708416.4062 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-19T09:01:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-19T06:03:17Z", "ms": -2126023002581.3489 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1902-08-18T20:45:33+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-18T17:47:33Z", "ms": -2126067147139.4285 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-19T09:01:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-19T06:03:17Z", "ms": -2126023002581.3489 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-18T05:24:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-18T02:26:53Z", "ms": -2126122387153.1025 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-19T05:25:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-19T02:27:41Z", "ms": -2126035938802.5513 } }, "covered_min": 520, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-19T05:25:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-19T02:27:41Z", "ms": -2126035938802.5513 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-20T05:26:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-20T02:28:29Z", "ms": -2125949490512.5862 } }, "covered_min": 216, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:22 on Mon 18 Aug to 09:00 on Tue 19 Aug. Its second half begins at 20:45 on Mon 18 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-18T05:24:52Z → 1902-08-19T06:03:17Z · second half from 1902-08-18T17:47:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:24 on the 18th, and from 05:25 on the 19th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 520 of 1441 minutes on the 18th and 216 of 1441 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 12936 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Mosul, 1902: Monday 18 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-18", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-18", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1902 falls on Monday 18 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 20:45 on Mon 18 Aug to 09:00 on Tue 19 Aug and falls on two days: 520 minutes of it on the 18th, 216 on the 19th; the rule does not say which to take, and the day that holds more of it is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9818, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-08-18T08:22:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-18T05:24:52Z", "ms": -2126111708416.4062 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-19T09:01:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-19T06:03:17Z", "ms": -2126023002581.3489 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-18T08:22:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-18T05:24:52Z", "ms": -2126111708416.4062 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-19T09:01:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-19T06:03:17Z", "ms": -2126023002581.3489 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-18T11:45:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-18T08:47:09Z", "ms": -2126099571274.389 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-18T12:33:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-18T09:35:09Z", "ms": -2126096691274.389 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-19T11:44:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-19T08:46:56Z", "ms": -2126013184437.3564 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-19T12:32:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-19T09:34:56Z", "ms": -2126010304437.3564 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:22 on Mon 18 Aug to 09:00 on Tue 19 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-18T05:24:52Z → 1902-08-19T06:03:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:44–12:32 on the 18th, 11:44–12:32 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9818 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Mosul, 1902: Monday 18 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1902 falls on Monday 18 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 08:22 on Mon 18 Aug to 09:00 on Tue 19 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36392, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-08-20T09:13:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-20T06:15:02Z", "ms": -2125935898013.8003 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-21T09:00:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T06:02:34Z", "ms": -2125850245534.1453 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-20T09:13:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-20T06:15:02Z", "ms": -2125935898013.8003 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-21T09:00:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T06:02:34Z", "ms": -2125850245534.1453 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-20T19:19:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-20T16:21:34Z", "ms": -2125899506055.8855 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-20T19:19:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-20T16:21:34Z", "ms": -2125899506055.8855 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-21T19:53:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T16:55:39Z", "ms": -2125811060528.046 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-21T19:53:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T16:55:39Z", "ms": -2125811060528.046 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 09:12 on Wed 20 Aug to 09:00 on Thu 21 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-20T06:15:02Z → 1902-08-21T06:02:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:19 on the 20th and 19:53 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36392 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1902 falls on Wednesday 20 August. Dvitīyā runs from 09:12 on Wed 20 Aug to 09:00 on Thu 21 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9833, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-08-21T09:00:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T06:02:34Z", "ms": -2125850245534.1453 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-22T08:26:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T05:28:22Z", "ms": -2125765897528.8596 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-21T09:00:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T06:02:34Z", "ms": -2125850245534.1453 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-22T08:26:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T05:28:22Z", "ms": -2125765897528.8596 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-21T11:44:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T08:46:28Z", "ms": -2125840412220.262 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-21T12:32:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T09:34:28Z", "ms": -2125837532220.262 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-22T11:44:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T08:46:13Z", "ms": -2125754026809.0027 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-22T12:32:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T09:34:13Z", "ms": -2125751146809.0027 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 09:00 on Thu 21 Aug to 08:25 on Fri 22 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-21T06:02:34Z → 1902-08-22T05:28:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:43–12:31 on the 21st, 11:43–12:31 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9833 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1902 falls on Thursday 21 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 09:00 on Thu 21 Aug to 08:25 on Fri 22 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27715, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-22T08:26:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T05:28:22Z", "ms": -2125765897528.8596 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-23T07:32:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-23T04:34:23Z", "ms": -2125682737012.1875 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-22T08:26:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T05:28:22Z", "ms": -2125765897528.8596 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-23T07:32:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-23T04:34:23Z", "ms": -2125682737012.1875 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-22T16:08:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T13:10:18Z", "ms": -2125738182424.401 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-22T18:48:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T15:50:20Z", "ms": -2125728579501.333 } }, "covered_min": 160, "window_min": 160, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-23T16:07:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-23T13:09:25Z", "ms": -2125651835339.9846 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-23T18:47:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-23T15:49:02Z", "ms": -2125642257672.6233 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 160, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:25 on Fri 22 Aug to 07:31 on Sat 23 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-22T05:28:22Z → 1902-08-23T04:34:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:07–18:47 on the 22nd, 16:06–18:46 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 160 of 160 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 160 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27715 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 22 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bahulā Caturthī 1902 falls on Friday 22 August. Caturthī runs from 08:25 on Fri 22 Aug to 07:31 on Sat 23 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-08-22", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39820, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-22T08:26:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T05:28:22Z", "ms": -2125765897528.8596 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-23T07:32:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-23T04:34:23Z", "ms": -2125682737012.1875 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-22T08:26:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T05:28:22Z", "ms": -2125765897528.8596 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-23T07:32:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-23T04:34:23Z", "ms": -2125682737012.1875 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-21T19:53:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T16:55:39Z", "ms": -2125811060528.046 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-21T19:53:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-21T16:55:39Z", "ms": -2125811060528.046 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-22T20:28:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T17:30:43Z", "ms": -2125722556926.8215 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-22T20:28:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-22T17:30:43Z", "ms": -2125722556926.8215 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:25 on Fri 22 Aug to 07:31 on Sat 23 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-22T05:28:22Z → 1902-08-23T04:34:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:53 on the 21st and 20:28 on the 22nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 39820 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 22 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Friday 22 August. Caturthī runs from 08:25 on Fri 22 Aug to 07:31 on Sat 23 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-08-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19430, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-24T06:19:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-24T03:21:53Z", "ms": -2125600687006.7378 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-25T04:49:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T01:51:38Z", "ms": -2125519701631.7156 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-24T06:19:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-24T03:21:53Z", "ms": -2125600687006.7378 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-25T04:49:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T01:51:38Z", "ms": -2125519701631.7156 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-24T11:43:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-24T08:45:43Z", "ms": -2125581257299.9236 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-24T12:31:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-24T09:33:43Z", "ms": -2125578377299.9236 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-25T11:43:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T08:45:27Z", "ms": -2125494873169.4126 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-25T12:31:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T09:33:27Z", "ms": -2125491993169.4126 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:19 on Sun 24 Aug to 04:49 on Mon 25 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-24T03:21:53Z → 1902-08-25T01:51:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:43–12:31 on the 24th, 11:42–12:30 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19430 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1902 falls on Sunday 24 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:19 on Sun 24 Aug to 04:49 on Mon 25 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24828, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-25T04:49:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T01:51:38Z", "ms": -2125519701631.7156 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-26T03:02:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T00:04:17Z", "ms": -2125439743191.9312 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-25T04:49:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T01:51:38Z", "ms": -2125519701631.7156 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-26T03:02:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T00:04:17Z", "ms": -2125439743191.9312 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-25T11:43:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T08:45:27Z", "ms": -2125494873169.4126 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-25T12:31:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T09:33:27Z", "ms": -2125491993169.4126 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-26T11:43:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T08:45:11Z", "ms": -2125408489433.5928 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-26T12:31:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T09:33:11Z", "ms": -2125405609433.5928 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:49 on Mon 25 Aug to 03:01 on Tue 26 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-25T01:51:38Z → 1902-08-26T00:04:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 25th, 11:42–12:30 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24828 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śītalā Saptamī 1902 falls on Monday 25 August. Saptamī runs from 04:49 on Mon 25 Aug to 03:01 on Tue 26 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1633, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-26T03:02:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T00:04:17Z", "ms": -2125439743191.9312 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-27T00:58:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T22:00:48Z", "ms": -2125360752111.1738 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-26T03:02:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T00:04:17Z", "ms": -2125439743191.9312 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-27T00:58:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T22:00:48Z", "ms": -2125360752111.1738 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-25T23:43:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T20:45:51Z", "ms": -2125451649201.8345 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-26T00:31:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-25T21:33:51Z", "ms": -2125448769201.8345 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-26T23:43:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T20:45:35Z", "ms": -2125365265493.8071 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-27T00:31:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-26T21:33:35Z", "ms": -2125362385493.8071 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 03:01 on Tue 26 Aug to 00:58 on Wed 27 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-26T00:04:17Z → 1902-08-26T22:00:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:43–00:31 on the 25th, 23:43–00:31 on the 26th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1633 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Janmāṣṭamī 1902 falls on Tuesday 26 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 03:01 on Tue 26 Aug to 00:58 on Wed 27 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-08-29", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33697, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-28T20:12:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-28T17:14:04Z", "ms": -2125205156026.2683 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-29T17:36:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-29T14:38:20Z", "ms": -2125128100222.8926 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-28T20:12:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-28T17:14:04Z", "ms": -2125205156026.2683 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-29T17:36:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-29T14:38:20Z", "ms": -2125128100222.8926 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-29T05:33:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-29T02:35:41Z", "ms": -2125171458564.074 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-29T05:33:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-29T02:35:41Z", "ms": -2125171458564.074 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-30T05:34:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-30T02:36:29Z", "ms": -2125085010855.3992 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-30T05:34:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-30T02:36:29Z", "ms": -2125085010855.3992 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:11 on Thu 28 Aug to 17:35 on Fri 29 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-28T17:14:04Z → 1902-08-29T14:38:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:33 on the 29th and 05:33 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 29th and is not on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33697 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ajā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Friday 29 August. Ekādaśī runs from 20:11 on Thu 28 Aug to 17:35 on Fri 29 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-08-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-08-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13076, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-30T14:59:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-30T12:01:39Z", "ms": -2125051101357.073 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-31T12:28:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T09:30:59Z", "ms": -2124973740867.7478 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-30T14:59:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-30T12:01:39Z", "ms": -2125051101357.073 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-31T12:28:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T09:30:59Z", "ms": -2124973740867.7478 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-30T18:37:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-30T15:39:35Z", "ms": -2125038025431.4827 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-30T20:05:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-30T17:07:16Z", "ms": -2125032763801.5527 } }, "covered_min": 88, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-31T18:36:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T15:38:11Z", "ms": -2124951709128.614 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-31T20:04:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T17:06:10Z", "ms": -2124946429994.2412 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:59 on Sat 30 Aug to 12:28 on Sun 31 Aug.", "fact": "1902-08-30T12:01:39Z → 1902-08-31T09:30:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:37–20:04 on the 30th, 18:35–20:03 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 88 of 88 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 88 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13076 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Saturday 30 August. Trayodaśī runs from 14:59 on Sat 30 Aug to 12:28 on Sun 31 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-08-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22032, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-31T12:28:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T09:30:59Z", "ms": -2124973740867.7478 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-01T10:12:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-01T07:14:09Z", "ms": -2124895551230.689 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-31T12:28:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T09:30:59Z", "ms": -2124973740867.7478 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-01T10:12:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-01T07:14:09Z", "ms": -2124895551230.689 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-31T18:36:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T15:38:11Z", "ms": -2124951709128.614 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-31T20:04:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T17:06:10Z", "ms": -2124946429994.2412 } }, "covered_min": 88, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-01T18:34:47+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-01T15:36:47Z", "ms": -2124865393392.4734 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-01T20:03:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-01T17:05:03Z", "ms": -2124860096686.5864 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 88, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:28 on Sun 31 Aug to 10:11 on Mon 1 Sep.", "fact": "1902-08-31T09:30:59Z → 1902-09-01T07:14:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:35–20:03 on the 31st, 18:34–20:02 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 88 of 88 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 88 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22032 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aghora Caturdaśī 1902 falls on Sunday 31 August. Caturdaśī runs from 12:28 on Sun 31 Aug to 10:11 on Mon 1 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-08-31", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-08-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34921, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-08-31T12:28:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T09:30:59Z", "ms": -2124973740867.7478 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-01T10:12:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-01T07:14:09Z", "ms": -2124895551230.689 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-08-31T12:28:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T09:30:59Z", "ms": -2124973740867.7478 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-01T10:12:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-01T07:14:09Z", "ms": -2124895551230.689 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-30T23:42:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-30T20:44:26Z", "ms": -2125019734319.2456 }, "end": { "local": "1902-08-31T00:30:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-30T21:32:26Z", "ms": -2125016854319.2456 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-08-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-08-31T23:42:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T20:44:08Z", "ms": -2124933352374.7163 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-01T00:30:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-08-31T21:32:08Z", "ms": -2124930472374.7163 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:28 on Sun 31 Aug to 10:11 on Mon 1 Sep.", "fact": "1902-08-31T09:30:59Z → 1902-09-01T07:14:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:41–00:29 on the 30th, 23:41–00:29 on the 31st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34921 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 31 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-08-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Sunday 31 August. Caturdaśī runs from 12:28 on Sun 31 Aug to 10:11 on Mon 1 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-08-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12231, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1902-09-02T08:17:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-02T05:19:16Z", "ms": -2124816044472.0535 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-03T06:52:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-03T03:54:11Z", "ms": -2124734748960.2046 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-02T08:17:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-02T05:19:16Z", "ms": -2124816044472.0535 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-03T06:52:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-03T03:54:11Z", "ms": -2124734748960.2046 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-02T11:41:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-02T08:43:07Z", "ms": -2124803813148.1428 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-02T12:29:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-02T09:31:07Z", "ms": -2124800933148.1428 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-03T11:40:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-03T08:42:48Z", "ms": -2124717432080.1228 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-03T12:28:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-03T09:30:48Z", "ms": -2124714552080.1228 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 08:16 on Tue 2 Sep to 06:51 on Wed 3 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-02T05:19:16Z → 1902-09-03T03:54:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 2nd, 11:40–12:28 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 12231 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rudra Vrata 1902 falls on Tuesday 2 September. Pratipadā runs from 08:16 on Tue 2 Sep to 06:51 on Wed 3 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20204, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-09-04T06:03:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-04T03:05:44Z", "ms": -2124651255650.3794 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-05T05:56:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-05T02:58:46Z", "ms": -2124565273776.5823 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-04T06:03:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-04T03:05:44Z", "ms": -2124651255650.3794 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-05T05:56:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-05T02:58:46Z", "ms": -2124565273776.5823 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-04T11:40:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-04T08:42:29Z", "ms": -2124631051289.7349 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-04T12:28:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-04T09:30:29Z", "ms": -2124628171289.7349 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-05T11:40:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-05T08:42:09Z", "ms": -2124544670763.2637 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-05T12:28:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-05T09:30:09Z", "ms": -2124541790763.2637 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 06:03 on Thu 4 Sep to 05:56 on Fri 5 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-04T03:05:44Z → 1902-09-05T02:58:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 4th, 11:39–12:27 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20204 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1902 falls on Thursday 4 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 06:03 on Thu 4 Sep to 05:56 on Fri 5 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18401, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-05T05:56:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-05T02:58:46Z", "ms": -2124565273776.5823 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-06T06:33:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-06T03:35:08Z", "ms": -2124476691940.201 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-05T05:56:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-05T02:58:46Z", "ms": -2124565273776.5823 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-06T06:33:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-06T03:35:08Z", "ms": -2124476691940.201 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-05T11:40:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-05T08:42:09Z", "ms": -2124544670763.2637 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-05T12:28:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-05T09:30:09Z", "ms": -2124541790763.2637 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-06T11:39:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-06T08:41:50Z", "ms": -2124458290486.0544 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-06T12:27:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-06T09:29:50Z", "ms": -2124455410486.0544 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 05:56 on Fri 5 Sep to 06:32 on Sat 6 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-05T02:58:46Z → 1902-09-06T03:35:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 5th, 11:39–12:27 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18401 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1902 falls on Friday 5 September. Caturthī runs from 05:56 on Fri 5 Sep to 06:32 on Sat 6 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13723, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-06T06:33:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-06T03:35:08Z", "ms": -2124476691940.201 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-07T07:50:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-07T04:52:46Z", "ms": -2124385633511.1624 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-06T06:33:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-06T03:35:08Z", "ms": -2124476691940.201 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-07T07:50:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-07T04:52:46Z", "ms": -2124385633511.1624 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-06T11:39:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-06T08:41:50Z", "ms": -2124458290486.0544 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-06T12:27:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-06T09:29:50Z", "ms": -2124455410486.0544 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-07T11:39:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-07T08:41:30Z", "ms": -2124371910442.5137 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-07T12:27:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-07T09:29:30Z", "ms": -2124369030442.5137 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 06:32 on Sat 6 Sep to 07:50 on Sun 7 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-06T03:35:08Z → 1902-09-07T04:52:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 6th, 11:38–12:26 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 13723 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1902 falls on Saturday 6 September. Pañcamī runs from 06:32 on Sat 6 Sep to 07:50 on Sun 7 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6957, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-07T07:50:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-07T04:52:46Z", "ms": -2124385633511.1624 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-08T09:43:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-08T06:45:12Z", "ms": -2124292487532.0122 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-07T07:50:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-07T04:52:46Z", "ms": -2124385633511.1624 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-08T09:43:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-08T06:45:12Z", "ms": -2124292487532.0122 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-07T11:39:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-07T08:41:30Z", "ms": -2124371910442.5137 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-07T12:27:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-07T09:29:30Z", "ms": -2124369030442.5137 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-08T11:39:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-08T08:41:09Z", "ms": -2124285530616.1685 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-08T12:27:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-08T09:29:09Z", "ms": -2124282650616.1685 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:50 on Sun 7 Sep to 09:42 on Mon 8 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-07T04:52:46Z → 1902-09-08T06:45:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:38–12:26 on the 7th, 11:38–12:26 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6957 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Mosul, 1902: Sunday 7 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1902 falls on Sunday 7 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:50 on Sun 7 Sep to 09:42 on Mon 8 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1257, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-08T09:43:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-08T06:45:12Z", "ms": -2124292487532.0122 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-09T11:59:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-09T09:01:46Z", "ms": -2124197893700.1003 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-08T09:43:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-08T06:45:12Z", "ms": -2124292487532.0122 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-09T11:59:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-09T09:01:46Z", "ms": -2124197893700.1003 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-08T11:39:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-08T08:41:09Z", "ms": -2124285530616.1685 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-08T12:27:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-08T09:29:09Z", "ms": -2124282650616.1685 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-09T11:38:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-09T08:40:49Z", "ms": -2124199150989.7363 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-09T12:26:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-09T09:28:49Z", "ms": -2124196270989.7363 } }, "covered_min": 21, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:42 on Mon 8 Sep to 11:59 on Tue 9 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-08T06:45:12Z → 1902-09-09T09:01:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:38–12:26 on the 8th, 11:38–12:26 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 21 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1257 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Monday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1902 falls on Monday 8 September. Saptamī runs from 09:42 on Mon 8 Sep to 11:59 on Tue 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 21 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-10", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1257, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-09T11:59:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-09T09:01:46Z", "ms": -2124197893700.1003 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-10T14:26:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-10T11:28:51Z", "ms": -2124102669426.953 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-09T11:59:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-09T09:01:46Z", "ms": -2124197893700.1003 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-10T14:26:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-10T11:28:51Z", "ms": -2124102669426.953 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-09T11:38:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-09T08:40:49Z", "ms": -2124199150989.7363 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-09T12:26:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-09T09:28:49Z", "ms": -2124196270989.7363 } }, "covered_min": 27, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-10T11:38:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-10T08:40:28Z", "ms": -2124112771545.1992 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-10T12:26:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-10T09:28:28Z", "ms": -2124109891545.1992 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 11:59 on Tue 9 Sep to 14:26 on Wed 10 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-09T09:01:46Z → 1902-09-10T11:28:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:38–12:26 on the 9th, 11:37–12:25 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 27 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1257 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-10", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-10", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rādhāṣṭamī 1902 falls on Wednesday 10 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 11:59 on Tue 9 Sep to 14:26 on Wed 10 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 27 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-09-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33160, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-12T18:55:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-12T15:57:31Z", "ms": -2123913749471.6907 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-13T20:33:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-13T17:35:38Z", "ms": -2123821461631.2622 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-12T18:55:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-12T15:57:31Z", "ms": -2123913749471.6907 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-13T20:33:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-13T17:35:38Z", "ms": -2123821461631.2622 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-13T05:45:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-13T02:47:31Z", "ms": -2123874748929.1663 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-13T05:45:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-13T02:47:31Z", "ms": -2123874748929.1663 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-14T05:46:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T02:48:18Z", "ms": -2123788301894.3525 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-14T05:46:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T02:48:18Z", "ms": -2123788301894.3525 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:55 on Fri 12 Sep to 20:33 on Sat 13 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-12T15:57:31Z → 1902-09-13T17:35:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:45 on the 13th and 05:45 on the 14th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33160 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Saturday 13 September. Ekādaśī runs from 18:55 on Fri 12 Sep to 20:33 on Sat 13 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-09-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29292, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-13T20:33:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-13T17:35:38Z", "ms": -2123821461631.2622 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-14T21:38:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T18:40:02Z", "ms": -2123731197911.5015 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-13T20:33:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-13T17:35:38Z", "ms": -2123821461631.2622 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-14T21:38:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T18:40:02Z", "ms": -2123731197911.5015 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-13T11:37:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-13T08:39:26Z", "ms": -2123853634112.6636 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-13T12:25:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-13T09:27:26Z", "ms": -2123850754112.6636 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-14T11:37:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T08:39:05Z", "ms": -2123767255202.0518 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-14T12:25:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T09:27:05Z", "ms": -2123764375202.0518 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 20:33 on Sat 13 Sep to 21:37 on Sun 14 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-13T17:35:38Z → 1902-09-14T18:40:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:36–12:24 on the 13th, 11:36–12:24 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29292 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 14 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vāmana Jayantī 1902 falls on Sunday 14 September. Dvādaśī runs from 20:33 on Sat 13 Sep to 21:37 on Sun 14 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-09-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6601, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-14T21:38:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T18:40:02Z", "ms": -2123731197911.5015 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-15T22:06:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-15T19:08:26Z", "ms": -2123643094174.9678 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-14T21:38:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T18:40:02Z", "ms": -2123731197911.5015 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-15T22:06:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-15T19:08:26Z", "ms": -2123643094174.9678 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-14T18:15:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T15:17:51Z", "ms": -2123743328509.7512 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-14T19:48:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-14T16:50:01Z", "ms": -2123737798687.5483 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-15T18:14:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-15T15:16:22Z", "ms": -2123657017903.0217 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-15T19:46:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-15T16:48:50Z", "ms": -2123651469884.2341 } }, "covered_min": 92, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:37 on Sun 14 Sep to 22:05 on Mon 15 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-14T18:40:02Z → 1902-09-15T19:08:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:15–19:47 on the 14th, 18:13–19:46 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 92 minutes on the 14th and 92 of 92 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6601 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Monday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Monday 15 September. Trayodaśī runs from 21:37 on Sun 14 Sep to 22:05 on Mon 15 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-09-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27686, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-15T22:06:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-15T19:08:26Z", "ms": -2123643094174.9678 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-16T21:59:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-16T19:01:49Z", "ms": -2123557091377.351 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-15T22:06:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-15T19:08:26Z", "ms": -2123643094174.9678 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-16T21:59:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-16T19:01:49Z", "ms": -2123557091377.351 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-16T05:47:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-16T02:49:52Z", "ms": -2123615407762.1147 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-16T08:16:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-16T05:18:52Z", "ms": -2123606467698.657 } }, "covered_min": 149, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-17T05:48:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-17T02:50:39Z", "ms": -2123528960636.7175 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-17T08:17:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-17T05:19:12Z", "ms": -2123520047930.4038 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:05 on Mon 15 Sep to 21:59 on Tue 16 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-15T19:08:26Z → 1902-09-16T19:01:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:47–08:16 on the 16th, 05:48–08:16 on the 17th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 149 of 149 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 149 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27686 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 16 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ananta Caturdaśī 1902 falls on Tuesday 16 September. Caturdaśī runs from 22:05 on Mon 15 Sep to 21:59 on Tue 16 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-09-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9748, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-20T17:03:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-20T14:05:23Z", "ms": -2123229277381.2935 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-21T15:06:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-21T12:08:02Z", "ms": -2123149918176.8755 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-20T17:03:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-20T14:05:23Z", "ms": -2123229277381.2935 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-21T15:06:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-21T12:08:02Z", "ms": -2123149918176.8755 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-20T19:45:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-20T16:47:51Z", "ms": -2123219529235.5398 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-20T19:45:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-20T16:47:51Z", "ms": -2123219529235.5398 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-21T20:30:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-21T17:32:03Z", "ms": -2123130477250.7317 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-21T20:30:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-21T17:32:03Z", "ms": -2123130477250.7317 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:02 on Sat 20 Sep to 15:05 on Sun 21 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-20T14:05:23Z → 1902-09-21T12:08:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:45 on the 20th and 20:29 on the 21st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9748 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Saturday 20 September. Caturthī runs from 17:02 on Sat 20 Sep to 15:05 on Sun 21 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-09-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29935, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-22T13:00:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-22T10:02:08Z", "ms": -2123071071941.4956 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-23T10:49:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-23T07:51:07Z", "ms": -2122992532973.461 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-22T13:00:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-22T10:02:08Z", "ms": -2123071071941.4956 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-23T10:49:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-23T07:51:07Z", "ms": -2122992532973.461 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-22T21:19:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-22T18:21:03Z", "ms": -2123041136781.2615 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-22T21:19:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-22T18:21:03Z", "ms": -2123041136781.2615 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-23T22:13:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-23T19:15:11Z", "ms": -2122951489063.032 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-23T22:13:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-23T19:15:11Z", "ms": -2122951489063.032 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:59 on Mon 22 Sep to 10:48 on Tue 23 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-22T10:02:08Z → 1902-09-23T07:51:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:18 on the 22nd and 22:12 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 22nd and is not on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29935 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 22 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1902 falls on Monday 22 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 12:59 on Mon 22 Sep to 10:48 on Tue 23 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33895, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-24T08:35:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-24T05:37:59Z", "ms": -2122914120789.8862 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-25T06:23:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-25T03:25:34Z", "ms": -2122835666364.2764 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-24T08:35:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-24T05:37:59Z", "ms": -2122914120789.8862 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-25T06:23:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-25T03:25:34Z", "ms": -2122835666364.2764 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-24T18:00:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-24T15:02:55Z", "ms": -2122880225380.5771 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-24T19:36:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-24T16:38:07Z", "ms": -2122874512670.7922 } }, "covered_min": 95, "window_min": 95, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-25T17:59:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-25T15:01:25Z", "ms": -2122793914850.588 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-25T19:34:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-25T16:36:56Z", "ms": -2122788183778.2917 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 08:35 on Wed 24 Sep to 06:23 on Thu 25 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-24T05:37:59Z → 1902-09-25T03:25:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:00–19:35 on the 24th, 17:58–19:34 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 95 of 95 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 96 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33895 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1902 falls on Wednesday 24 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 08:35 on Wed 24 Sep to 06:23 on Thu 25 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25894, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-24T08:35:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-24T05:37:59Z", "ms": -2122914120789.8862 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-25T06:23:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-25T03:25:34Z", "ms": -2122835666364.2764 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-24T08:35:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-24T05:37:59Z", "ms": -2122914120789.8862 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-25T06:23:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-25T03:25:34Z", "ms": -2122835666364.2764 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-23T22:13:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-23T19:15:11Z", "ms": -2122951489063.032 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-23T22:13:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-23T19:15:11Z", "ms": -2122951489063.032 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-24T23:11:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-24T20:13:59Z", "ms": -2122861560684.6353 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-24T23:11:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-24T20:13:59Z", "ms": -2122861560684.6353 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 08:35 on Wed 24 Sep to 06:23 on Thu 25 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-24T05:37:59Z → 1902-09-25T03:25:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:12 on the 23rd and 23:11 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25894 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 24 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1902 falls on Wednesday 24 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 08:35 on Wed 24 Sep to 06:23 on Thu 25 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-09-27", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13436, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-27T02:12:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-26T23:14:40Z", "ms": -2122677919865.7383 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-28T00:21:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-27T21:23:03Z", "ms": -2122598217075.941 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-27T02:12:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-26T23:14:40Z", "ms": -2122677919865.7383 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-28T00:21:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-27T21:23:03Z", "ms": -2122598217075.941 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-27T05:56:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-27T02:58:37Z", "ms": -2122664483368.2073 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-27T05:56:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-27T02:58:37Z", "ms": -2122664483368.2073 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-28T05:57:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-28T02:59:25Z", "ms": -2122578034727.842 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-28T05:57:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-28T02:59:25Z", "ms": -2122578034727.842 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:12 on Sat 27 Sep to 00:20 on Sun 28 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-26T23:14:40Z → 1902-09-27T21:23:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:56 on the 27th and 05:56 on the 28th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13436 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Indirā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Saturday 27 September. Ekādaśī runs from 02:12 on Sat 27 Sep to 00:20 on Sun 28 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-09-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-09-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6959, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-28T22:44:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-28T19:46:02Z", "ms": -2122517638040.6387 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-29T21:26:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-29T18:28:13Z", "ms": -2122435907073.948 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-28T22:44:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-28T19:46:02Z", "ms": -2122517638040.6387 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-29T21:26:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-29T18:28:13Z", "ms": -2122435907073.948 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-28T17:54:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-28T14:56:58Z", "ms": -2122534982175.9314 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-28T19:31:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-28T16:33:24Z", "ms": -2122529196003.0496 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-29T17:53:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-29T14:55:29Z", "ms": -2122448670830.4934 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-29T19:30:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-29T16:32:14Z", "ms": -2122442866295.1453 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:43 on Sun 28 Sep to 21:25 on Mon 29 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-28T19:46:02Z → 1902-09-29T18:28:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:54–19:30 on the 28th, 17:52–19:29 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 96 minutes on the 28th and 97 of 97 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6959 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Monday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Monday 29 September. Trayodaśī runs from 22:43 on Sun 28 Sep to 21:25 on Mon 29 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-09-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-09-29", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7563, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-09-29T21:26:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-29T18:28:13Z", "ms": -2122435907073.948 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-30T20:32:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-30T17:34:23Z", "ms": -2122352737270.8037 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-29T21:26:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-29T18:28:13Z", "ms": -2122435907073.948 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-30T20:32:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-30T17:34:23Z", "ms": -2122352737270.8037 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-29T23:32:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-29T20:34:16Z", "ms": -2122428343822.938 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-30T00:20:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-29T21:22:16Z", "ms": -2122425463822.938 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-30T23:31:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-30T20:33:57Z", "ms": -2122341963371.401 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-01T00:19:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-30T21:21:57Z", "ms": -2122339083371.401 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:25 on Mon 29 Sep to 20:31 on Tue 30 Sep.", "fact": "1902-09-29T18:28:13Z → 1902-09-30T17:34:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:31–00:19 on the 29th, 23:31–00:19 on the 30th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7563 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Monday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Monday 29 September. Caturdaśī runs from 21:25 on Mon 29 Sep to 20:31 on Tue 30 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-09-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16721, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1902-09-30T20:32:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-30T17:34:23Z", "ms": -2122352737270.8037 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-01T20:07:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-01T17:09:05Z", "ms": -2122267854598.81 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-09-30T20:32:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-30T17:34:23Z", "ms": -2122352737270.8037 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-01T20:07:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-01T17:09:05Z", "ms": -2122267854598.81 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-09-30T13:06:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-30T10:08:50Z", "ms": -2122379470254.2812 }, "end": { "local": "1902-09-30T15:29:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-09-30T12:31:25Z", "ms": -2122370914733.9143 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 143, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-01T13:06:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-01T10:08:17Z", "ms": -2122293103391.0085 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-01T15:28:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-01T12:30:25Z", "ms": -2122284575344.9268 } }, "covered_min": 142, "window_min": 142, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 20:31 on Tue 30 Sep to 20:06 on Wed 1 Oct.", "fact": "1902-09-30T17:34:23Z → 1902-10-01T17:09:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:06–15:28 on the 30th, 13:05–15:27 on the 1st.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 0 of 143 minutes on the 30th and 142 of 142 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16721 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 1 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1902 falls on Wednesday 1 October. Amāvasyā runs from 20:31 on Tue 30 Sep to 20:06 on Wed 1 Oct and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28073, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1902-10-01T20:07:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-01T17:09:05Z", "ms": -2122267854598.81 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-02T20:14:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-02T17:16:08Z", "ms": -2122181032018.9624 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-01T20:07:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-01T17:09:05Z", "ms": -2122267854598.81 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-02T20:14:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-02T17:16:08Z", "ms": -2122181032018.9624 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-01T11:31:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-01T08:33:13Z", "ms": -2122298807414.0496 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-01T12:19:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-01T09:21:13Z", "ms": -2122295927414.0496 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-02T11:30:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-02T08:32:53Z", "ms": -2122212426537.2583 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-02T12:18:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-02T09:20:53Z", "ms": -2122209546537.2583 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 20:06 on Wed 1 Oct to 20:13 on Thu 2 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-01T17:09:05Z → 1902-10-02T17:16:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 1st, 11:30–12:18 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28073 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 2 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1902 falls on Thursday 2 October. Pratipadā runs from 20:06 on Wed 1 Oct to 20:13 on Thu 2 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-10-05", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35625, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-04T22:12:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-04T19:14:01Z", "ms": -2122001159264.7559 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-05T23:59:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-05T21:01:41Z", "ms": -2121908298885.2654 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-04T22:12:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-04T19:14:01Z", "ms": -2122001159264.7559 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-05T23:59:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-05T21:01:41Z", "ms": -2121908298885.2654 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-04T11:30:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-04T08:32:16Z", "ms": -2122039663888.314 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-04T12:18:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-04T09:20:16Z", "ms": -2122036783888.314 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-05T11:29:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-05T08:31:58Z", "ms": -2121953282082.3252 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-05T12:17:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-05T09:19:58Z", "ms": -2121950402082.3252 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:11 on Sat 4 Oct to 23:59 on Sun 5 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-04T19:14:01Z → 1902-10-05T21:01:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:29–12:17 on the 4th, 11:29–12:17 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35625 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 5 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Sunday 5 October. Caturthī runs from 22:11 on Sat 4 Oct to 23:59 on Sun 5 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-10-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 920, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-08T04:39:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-08T01:41:10Z", "ms": -2121718730151.853 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-09T07:08:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-09T04:10:05Z", "ms": -2121623395119.5205 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-08T04:39:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-08T01:41:10Z", "ms": -2121718730151.853 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-09T07:08:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-09T04:10:05Z", "ms": -2121623395119.5205 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-08T06:05:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-08T03:07:44Z", "ms": -2121713535757.0623 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-08T06:52:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-08T03:54:03Z", "ms": -2121710756926.4492 } }, "covered_min": 46, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-09T06:06:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-09T03:08:36Z", "ms": -2121627084455.2397 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-09T06:52:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-09T03:54:45Z", "ms": -2121624314692.7002 } }, "covered_min": 46, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:38 on Wed 8 Oct to 07:07 on Thu 9 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-08T01:41:10Z → 1902-10-09T04:10:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:05–06:51 on the 8th, 06:06–06:52 on the 9th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 46 of 46 minutes on the 8th and 46 of 46 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both mornings qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 920 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Durgā Saptamī 1902 falls on Thursday 9 October. Saptamī runs from 04:38 on Wed 8 Oct to 07:07 on Thu 9 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning. It also reaches the previous morning for 46 minutes; by the rule the second morning is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7403, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-09T07:08:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-09T04:10:05Z", "ms": -2121623395119.5205 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-10T09:25:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-10T06:27:10Z", "ms": -2121528770310.6938 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-09T07:08:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-09T04:10:05Z", "ms": -2121623395119.5205 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-10T09:25:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-10T06:27:10Z", "ms": -2121528770310.6938 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-09T11:28:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-09T08:30:49Z", "ms": -2121607751236.1929 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-09T12:16:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-09T09:18:49Z", "ms": -2121604871236.1929 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-10T11:28:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-10T08:30:32Z", "ms": -2121521367527.2832 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-10T12:16:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-10T09:18:32Z", "ms": -2121518487527.2832 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 07:07 on Thu 9 Oct to 09:24 on Fri 10 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-09T04:10:05Z → 1902-10-10T06:27:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:28–12:16 on the 9th, 11:28–12:16 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7403 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 9 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1902 falls on Thursday 9 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 07:07 on Thu 9 Oct to 09:24 on Fri 10 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 636, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-10T09:25:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-10T06:27:10Z", "ms": -2121528770310.6938 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-11T11:17:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-11T08:19:41Z", "ms": -2121435618888.1362 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-10T09:25:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-10T06:27:10Z", "ms": -2121528770310.6938 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-11T11:17:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-11T08:19:41Z", "ms": -2121435618888.1362 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-10T11:28:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-10T08:30:32Z", "ms": -2121521367527.2832 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-10T12:16:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-10T09:18:32Z", "ms": -2121518487527.2832 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-11T11:28:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-11T08:30:17Z", "ms": -2121434983381.5864 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-11T12:16:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-11T09:18:17Z", "ms": -2121432103381.5864 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 09:24 on Fri 10 Oct to 11:17 on Sat 11 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-10T06:27:10Z → 1902-10-11T08:19:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:28–12:16 on the 10th, 11:27–12:15 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 636 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahānavamī 1902 falls on Friday 10 October. Navamī runs from 09:24 on Fri 10 Oct to 11:17 on Sat 11 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-11", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 7340, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-11T11:17:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-11T08:19:41Z", "ms": -2121435618888.1362 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-12T12:35:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-12T09:37:40Z", "ms": -2121344540047.2673 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1902-10-11T11:17:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-11T08:19:41Z", "ms": -2121435618888.1362 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-12T08:11:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-12T05:13:31Z", "ms": -2121360388732.5366 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1902-10-11T06:13:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-11T03:15:08Z", "ms": -2121453892239.1775 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-12T08:11:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-12T05:13:31Z", "ms": -2121360388732.5366 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-11T06:08:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-11T03:10:19Z", "ms": -2121454180992.832 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-11T17:36:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-11T14:38:14Z", "ms": -2121412905770.3406 } }, "covered_min": 379, "window_min": 688, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-12T06:09:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-12T03:11:11Z", "ms": -2121367728817.129 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-12T17:34:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-12T14:36:51Z", "ms": -2121326588742.101 } }, "covered_min": 122, "window_min": 686, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 11:17 on Sat 11 Oct to 12:35 on Sun 12 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 06:12 on Sat 11 Oct to 08:11 on Sun 12 Oct. They are together from 11:17 on Sat 11 Oct to 08:11 on Sun 12 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-11T08:19:41Z → 1902-10-12T05:13:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:07–17:35 on the 11th, 06:08–17:34 on the 12th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 379 of 688 minutes on the 11th and 122 of 686 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 7340 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 11 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-11", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-11", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1902 falls on Saturday 11 October. Daśamī runs from 11:17 on Sat 11 Oct to 12:35 on Sun 12 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 379 minutes. They are together in the day time on the next day too, for 122 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the day they share longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-10-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23189, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-12T12:35:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-12T09:37:40Z", "ms": -2121344540047.2673 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-13T13:12:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-13T10:14:54Z", "ms": -2121255905797.5713 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-12T12:35:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-12T09:37:40Z", "ms": -2121344540047.2673 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-13T13:12:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-13T10:14:54Z", "ms": -2121255905797.5713 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-12T06:09:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-12T03:11:11Z", "ms": -2121367728817.129 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-12T06:09:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-12T03:11:11Z", "ms": -2121367728817.129 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-13T06:10:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-13T03:12:04Z", "ms": -2121281276334.7285 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-13T06:10:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-13T03:12:04Z", "ms": -2121281276334.7285 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:35 on Sun 12 Oct to 13:12 on Mon 13 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-12T09:37:40Z → 1902-10-13T10:14:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:08 on the 12th and 06:09 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23189 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 13 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Monday 13 October. Ekādaśī runs from 12:35 on Sun 12 Oct to 13:12 on Mon 13 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-10-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-10-14", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15895, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-14T13:07:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-14T10:09:12Z", "ms": -2121169847794.9055 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-15T12:19:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-15T09:21:56Z", "ms": -2121086284099.535 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-14T13:07:12+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-14T10:09:12Z", "ms": -2121169847794.9055 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-15T12:19:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-15T09:21:56Z", "ms": -2121086284099.535 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-14T17:32:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-14T14:34:07Z", "ms": -2121153952716.162 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-14T19:13:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-14T16:15:25Z", "ms": -2121147875076.2573 } }, "covered_min": 101, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-15T17:30:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-15T14:32:46Z", "ms": -2121067633652.6272 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-15T19:12:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-15T16:14:22Z", "ms": -2121061538094.1204 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:06 on Tue 14 Oct to 12:19 on Wed 15 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-14T10:09:12Z → 1902-10-15T09:21:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:31–19:12 on the 14th, 17:30–19:11 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 101 of 101 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 102 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15895 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Tuesday 14 October. Trayodaśī runs from 13:06 on Tue 14 Oct to 12:19 on Wed 15 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-10-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8431, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-20T01:15:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-19T22:17:17Z", "ms": -2120694163240.1982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-20T22:27:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-20T19:29:23Z", "ms": -2120617836757.064 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-20T01:15:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-19T22:17:17Z", "ms": -2120694163240.1982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-20T22:27:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-20T19:29:23Z", "ms": -2120617836757.064 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-19T19:12:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-19T16:14:54Z", "ms": -2120715905677.2852 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-19T19:12:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-19T16:14:54Z", "ms": -2120715905677.2852 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-20T20:06:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-20T17:08:52Z", "ms": -2120626268011.6494 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-20T20:06:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-20T17:08:52Z", "ms": -2120626268011.6494 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:14 on Mon 20 Oct to 22:26 on Mon 20 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-19T22:17:17Z → 1902-10-20T19:29:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:12 on the 19th and 20:06 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8431 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1902 falls on Monday 20 October. Caturthī runs from 01:14 on Mon 20 Oct to 22:26 on Mon 20 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-10-20", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8431, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-20T01:15:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-19T22:17:17Z", "ms": -2120694163240.1982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-20T22:27:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-20T19:29:23Z", "ms": -2120617836757.064 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-20T01:15:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-19T22:17:17Z", "ms": -2120694163240.1982 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-20T22:27:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-20T19:29:23Z", "ms": -2120617836757.064 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-19T19:12:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-19T16:14:54Z", "ms": -2120715905677.2852 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-19T19:12:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-19T16:14:54Z", "ms": -2120715905677.2852 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-20T20:06:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-20T17:08:52Z", "ms": -2120626268011.6494 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-20T20:06:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-20T17:08:52Z", "ms": -2120626268011.6494 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:14 on Mon 20 Oct to 22:26 on Mon 20 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-19T22:17:17Z → 1902-10-20T19:29:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:12 on the 19th and 20:06 on the 20th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 19th and is on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8431 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Monday 20 October. Caturthī runs from 01:14 on Mon 20 Oct to 22:26 on Mon 20 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-10-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29725, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-23T14:56:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-23T11:58:38Z", "ms": -2120385682264.5083 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-24T13:00:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-24T10:02:30Z", "ms": -2120306250345.99 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-23T14:56:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-23T11:58:38Z", "ms": -2120385682264.5083 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-24T13:00:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-24T10:02:30Z", "ms": -2120306250345.99 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-23T23:12:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-23T20:14:02Z", "ms": -2120355957654.8645 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-23T23:12:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-23T20:14:02Z", "ms": -2120355957654.8645 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-25T00:16:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-24T21:18:20Z", "ms": -2120265700089.4617 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-25T00:16:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-24T21:18:20Z", "ms": -2120265700089.4617 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 14:56 on Thu 23 Oct to 12:59 on Fri 24 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-23T11:58:38Z → 1902-10-24T10:02:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 23:11 on the 23rd and 00:15 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29725 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1902 falls on Thursday 23 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 14:56 on Thu 23 Oct to 12:59 on Fri 24 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-10-27", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11551, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-26T10:18:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-26T07:20:20Z", "ms": -2120143179813.1917 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-27T09:35:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-27T06:37:26Z", "ms": -2120059353668.8733 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-26T10:18:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-26T07:20:20Z", "ms": -2120143179813.1917 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-27T09:35:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-27T06:37:26Z", "ms": -2120059353668.8733 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-26T06:21:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-26T03:23:58Z", "ms": -2120157362469.4336 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-26T06:21:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-26T03:23:58Z", "ms": -2120157362469.4336 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-27T06:22:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-27T03:24:55Z", "ms": -2120070904969.6528 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-27T06:22:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-27T03:24:55Z", "ms": -2120070904969.6528 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:17 on Sun 26 Oct to 09:34 on Mon 27 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-26T07:20:20Z → 1902-10-27T06:37:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:21 on the 26th and 06:22 on the 27th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 26th and is on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11551 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ramā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Monday 27 October. Ekādaśī runs from 10:17 on Sun 26 Oct to 09:34 on Mon 27 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-10-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27617, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-27T09:35:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-27T06:37:26Z", "ms": -2120059353668.8733 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-28T09:19:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T06:21:04Z", "ms": -2119973935973.917 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-27T09:35:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-27T06:37:26Z", "ms": -2120059353668.8733 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-28T09:19:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T06:21:04Z", "ms": -2119973935973.917 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-27T17:15:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-27T14:17:43Z", "ms": -2120031736779.5469 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-27T19:00:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-27T16:02:49Z", "ms": -2120025431490.855 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-28T17:14:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T14:16:35Z", "ms": -2119945405334.6807 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-28T18:59:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T16:01:57Z", "ms": -2119939083145.2737 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 09:34 on Mon 27 Oct to 09:18 on Tue 28 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-27T06:37:26Z → 1902-10-28T06:21:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:15–19:00 on the 27th, 17:14–18:59 on the 28th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 105 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27617 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Monday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1902 falls on Monday 27 October. Dvādaśī runs from 09:34 on Mon 27 Oct to 09:18 on Tue 28 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27832, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-28T09:19:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T06:21:04Z", "ms": -2119973935973.917 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-29T09:29:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z", "ms": -2119886904879.882 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-28T09:19:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T06:21:04Z", "ms": -2119973935973.917 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-29T09:29:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z", "ms": -2119886904879.882 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-28T17:14:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T14:16:35Z", "ms": -2119945405334.6807 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-28T18:59:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T16:01:57Z", "ms": -2119939083145.2737 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-29T17:13:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T14:15:27Z", "ms": -2119859072711.1033 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-29T18:59:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T16:01:06Z", "ms": -2119852733733.7715 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:18 on Tue 28 Oct to 09:29 on Wed 29 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-28T06:21:04Z → 1902-10-29T06:31:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:14–18:59 on the 28th, 17:12–18:58 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 106 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27832 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yama Dīpadāna 1902 falls on Tuesday 28 October. Trayodaśī runs from 09:18 on Tue 28 Oct to 09:29 on Wed 29 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-10-28", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27832, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-28T09:19:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T06:21:04Z", "ms": -2119973935973.917 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-29T09:29:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z", "ms": -2119886904879.882 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-28T09:19:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T06:21:04Z", "ms": -2119973935973.917 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-29T09:29:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z", "ms": -2119886904879.882 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-28T17:14:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T14:16:35Z", "ms": -2119945405334.6807 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-28T18:59:57+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T16:01:57Z", "ms": -2119939083145.2737 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-29T17:13:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T14:15:27Z", "ms": -2119859072711.1033 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-29T18:59:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T16:01:06Z", "ms": -2119852733733.7715 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:18 on Tue 28 Oct to 09:29 on Wed 29 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-28T06:21:04Z → 1902-10-29T06:31:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:14–18:59 on the 28th, 17:12–18:58 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 105 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 106 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27832 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Tuesday 28 October. Trayodaśī runs from 09:18 on Tue 28 Oct to 09:29 on Wed 29 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-10-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-10-29", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33352, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-29T09:29:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z", "ms": -2119886904879.882 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-30T10:07:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z", "ms": -2119798252018.2075 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-29T09:29:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z", "ms": -2119886904879.882 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-30T10:07:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z", "ms": -2119798252018.2075 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-28T23:25:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T20:27:43Z", "ms": -2119923137124.4048 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-29T00:13:43+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-28T21:15:43Z", "ms": -2119920257124.4048 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-29T23:25:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T20:27:38Z", "ms": -2119836741546.109 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-30T00:13:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T21:15:38Z", "ms": -2119833861546.109 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:29 on Wed 29 Oct to 10:06 on Thu 30 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z → 1902-10-30T07:09:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:25–00:13 on the 28th, 23:25–00:13 on the 29th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33352 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Wednesday 29 October. Caturdaśī runs from 09:29 on Wed 29 Oct to 10:06 on Thu 30 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-10-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11084, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-10-29T09:29:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z", "ms": -2119886904879.882 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-30T10:07:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z", "ms": -2119798252018.2075 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-29T09:29:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z", "ms": -2119886904879.882 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-30T10:07:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z", "ms": -2119798252018.2075 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-29T04:39:29+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T01:41:29Z", "ms": -2119904311103.5361 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-29T06:24:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T03:26:51Z", "ms": -2119897988914.1292 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 105, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-30T04:40:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T01:42:11Z", "ms": -2119817869358.4463 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-30T06:25:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T03:27:50Z", "ms": -2119811530381.1145 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:29 on Wed 29 Oct to 10:06 on Thu 30 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-29T06:31:35Z → 1902-10-30T07:09:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:38–06:24 on the 29th, 04:39–06:25 on the 30th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 105 minutes on the 29th and 106 of 106 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11084 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1902 falls on Thursday 30 October. Caturdaśī runs from 09:29 on Wed 29 Oct to 10:06 on Thu 30 Oct and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21585, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1902-10-30T10:07:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z", "ms": -2119798252018.2075 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-30T10:07:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z", "ms": -2119798252018.2075 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-30T17:12:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T14:14:21Z", "ms": -2119772738879.579 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-30T18:58:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T16:00:17Z", "ms": -2119766383232.8232 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T17:11:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T14:13:16Z", "ms": -2119686403811.0369 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-31T18:57:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T15:59:28Z", "ms": -2119680031619.2231 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 10:06 on Thu 30 Oct to 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z → 1902-10-31T08:13:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:11–18:57 on the 30th, 17:10–18:56 on the 31st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 106 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21585 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1902 falls on Thursday 30 October. Amāvasyā runs from 10:06 on Thu 30 Oct to 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35610, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1902-10-30T10:07:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z", "ms": -2119798252018.2075 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-30T10:07:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z", "ms": -2119798252018.2075 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-29T23:25:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T20:27:38Z", "ms": -2119836741546.109 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-30T00:13:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-29T21:15:38Z", "ms": -2119833861546.109 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-30T23:25:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T20:27:35Z", "ms": -2119750345204.2446 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-31T00:13:35+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-30T21:15:35Z", "ms": -2119747465204.2446 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 10:06 on Thu 30 Oct to 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct.", "fact": "1902-10-30T07:09:08Z → 1902-10-31T08:13:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:25–00:13 on the 29th, 23:25–00:13 on the 30th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35610 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kālī Pūjā 1902 falls on Thursday 30 October. Amāvasyā runs from 10:06 on Thu 30 Oct to 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 811, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:41:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:43:56Z", "ms": -2119616164203.3809 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:41:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:43:56Z", "ms": -2119616164203.3809 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:25:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:27:02Z", "ms": -2119707177669.9736 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-31T12:13:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T09:15:02Z", "ms": -2119704297669.9736 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-01T11:25:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T08:27:00Z", "ms": -2119620779924.4167 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:13:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:15:00Z", "ms": -2119617899924.4167 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct to 12:41 on Sat 1 Nov.", "fact": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z → 1902-11-01T09:43:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 31st, 11:24–12:12 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 31st and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 811 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Mosul, 1902: Friday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Govardhana Pūjā 1902 falls on Friday 31 October. Pratipadā runs from 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct to 12:41 on Sat 1 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16097, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:41:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:43:56Z", "ms": -2119616164203.3809 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:41:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:43:56Z", "ms": -2119616164203.3809 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T17:11:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T14:13:16Z", "ms": -2119686403811.0369 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-31T18:57:28+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T15:59:28Z", "ms": -2119680031619.2231 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-01T17:10:13+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T14:12:13Z", "ms": -2119600067476.3997 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T18:56:41+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T15:58:41Z", "ms": -2119593678869.9197 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct to 12:41 on Sat 1 Nov.", "fact": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z → 1902-11-01T09:43:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:10–18:56 on the 31st, 17:09–18:56 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 106 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16097 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Mosul, 1902: Friday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bali Pūjā 1902 falls on Friday 31 October. Pratipadā runs from 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct to 12:41 on Sat 1 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4194, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:41:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:43:56Z", "ms": -2119616164203.3809 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T11:11:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z", "ms": -2119707988498.903 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:41:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:43:56Z", "ms": -2119616164203.3809 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-10-31T06:26:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T03:28:48Z", "ms": -2119725071528.9104 }, "end": { "local": "1902-10-31T10:01:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-10-31T07:03:38Z", "ms": -2119712182289.6191 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 215, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-01T06:27:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T03:29:48Z", "ms": -2119638612372.4338 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T10:01:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T07:03:56Z", "ms": -2119625764073.7559 } }, "covered_min": 214, "window_min": 214, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct to 12:41 on Sat 1 Nov.", "fact": "1902-10-31T08:13:32Z → 1902-11-01T09:43:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:26–10:01 on the 31st, 06:27–10:01 on the 1st.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 215 minutes on the 31st and 214 of 214 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4194 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Dyūta Pratipad 1902 falls on Saturday 1 November. Pratipadā runs from 11:11 on Fri 31 Oct to 12:41 on Sat 1 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1736, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:41:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:43:56Z", "ms": -2119616164203.3809 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-02T14:36:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-02T11:38:21Z", "ms": -2119522899114.147 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:41:56+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:43:56Z", "ms": -2119616164203.3809 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-02T14:36:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-02T11:38:21Z", "ms": -2119522899114.147 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-01T11:25:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T08:27:00Z", "ms": -2119620779924.4167 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-01T12:13:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-01T09:15:00Z", "ms": -2119617899924.4167 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-02T11:24:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-02T08:26:59Z", "ms": -2119534381387.1367 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-02T12:12:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-02T09:14:59Z", "ms": -2119531501387.1367 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 12:41 on Sat 1 Nov to 14:35 on Sun 2 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-01T09:43:56Z → 1902-11-02T11:38:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 1st, 11:24–12:12 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1736 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1902 falls on Sunday 2 November. Dvitīyā runs from 12:41 on Sat 1 Nov to 14:35 on Sun 2 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16681, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-03T16:50:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-03T13:52:59Z", "ms": -2119428420924.0535 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-04T19:19:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-04T16:21:42Z", "ms": -2119333097968.6184 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-03T16:50:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-03T13:52:59Z", "ms": -2119428420924.0535 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-04T19:19:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-04T16:21:42Z", "ms": -2119333097968.6184 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-03T11:24:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-03T08:26:58Z", "ms": -2119447982052.0479 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-03T12:12:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-03T09:14:58Z", "ms": -2119445102052.0479 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-04T11:24:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-04T08:26:58Z", "ms": -2119361581913.4668 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-04T12:12:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-04T09:14:58Z", "ms": -2119358701913.4668 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:50 on Mon 3 Nov to 19:19 on Tue 4 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-03T13:52:59Z → 1902-11-04T16:21:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 3rd, 11:24–12:12 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16681 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nāga Caturthī 1902 falls on Tuesday 4 November. Caturthī runs from 16:50 on Mon 3 Nov to 19:19 on Tue 4 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-11-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16681, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-03T16:50:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-03T13:52:59Z", "ms": -2119428420924.0535 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-04T19:19:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-04T16:21:42Z", "ms": -2119333097968.6184 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-03T16:50:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-03T13:52:59Z", "ms": -2119428420924.0535 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-04T19:19:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-04T16:21:42Z", "ms": -2119333097968.6184 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-03T11:24:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-03T08:26:58Z", "ms": -2119447982052.0479 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-03T12:12:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-03T09:14:58Z", "ms": -2119445102052.0479 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-04T11:24:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-04T08:26:58Z", "ms": -2119361581913.4668 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-04T12:12:58+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-04T09:14:58Z", "ms": -2119358701913.4668 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:50 on Mon 3 Nov to 19:19 on Tue 4 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-03T13:52:59Z → 1902-11-04T16:21:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 3rd, 11:24–12:12 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16681 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Tuesday 4 November. Caturthī runs from 16:50 on Mon 3 Nov to 19:19 on Tue 4 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-11-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34849, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-05T21:53:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-05T18:55:48Z", "ms": -2119237452393.471 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-07T00:22:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-06T21:24:21Z", "ms": -2119142138932.7297 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-05T21:53:48+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-05T18:55:48Z", "ms": -2119237452393.471 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-07T00:22:21+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-06T21:24:21Z", "ms": -2119142138932.7297 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-05T11:24:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-05T08:26:59Z", "ms": -2119275180966.0896 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-05T12:12:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-05T09:14:59Z", "ms": -2119272300966.0896 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-06T11:25:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-06T08:27:01Z", "ms": -2119188779204.9976 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-06T12:13:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-06T09:15:01Z", "ms": -2119185899204.9976 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 21:53 on Wed 5 Nov to 00:21 on Fri 7 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-05T18:55:48Z → 1902-11-06T21:24:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 5th, 11:24–12:12 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34849 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1902 falls on Thursday 6 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 21:53 on Wed 5 Nov to 00:21 on Fri 7 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25820, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-08T02:33:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-07T23:35:17Z", "ms": -2119047883214.6921 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-09T04:14:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T01:16:51Z", "ms": -2118955389256.5308 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-08T02:33:17+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-07T23:35:17Z", "ms": -2119047883214.6921 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-09T04:14:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T01:16:51Z", "ms": -2118955389256.5308 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-08T11:25:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-08T08:27:07Z", "ms": -2119015973223.9507 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-08T12:13:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-08T09:15:07Z", "ms": -2119013093223.9507 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-09T11:25:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T08:27:11Z", "ms": -2118929568996.0872 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-09T12:13:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T09:15:11Z", "ms": -2118926688996.0872 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 02:32 on Sat 8 Nov to 04:14 on Sun 9 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-07T23:35:17Z → 1902-11-09T01:16:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 8th, 11:24–12:12 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 25820 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 8 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gopāṣṭamī 1902 falls on Saturday 8 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 02:32 on Sat 8 Nov to 04:14 on Sun 9 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4772, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-09T04:14:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T01:16:51Z", "ms": -2118955389256.5308 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-10T05:17:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-10T02:19:19Z", "ms": -2118865240831.3022 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-09T04:14:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T01:16:51Z", "ms": -2118955389256.5308 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-10T05:17:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-10T02:19:19Z", "ms": -2118865240831.3022 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-09T06:35:50+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T03:37:50Z", "ms": -2118946930314.2136 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-09T10:04:44+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T07:06:44Z", "ms": -2118934396102.1294 } }, "covered_min": 209, "window_min": 209, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-10T06:36:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-10T03:38:51Z", "ms": -2118860469263.6409 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-10T10:05:08+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-10T07:07:08Z", "ms": -2118847972380.2861 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 208, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 04:14 on Sun 9 Nov to 05:16 on Mon 10 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-09T01:16:51Z → 1902-11-10T02:19:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:35–10:04 on the 9th, 06:36–10:04 on the 10th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 209 of 209 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 208 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4772 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1902 falls on Sunday 9 November. Navamī runs from 04:14 on Sun 9 Nov to 05:16 on Mon 10 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22077, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-09T04:14:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T01:16:51Z", "ms": -2118955389256.5308 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-10T05:17:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-10T02:19:19Z", "ms": -2118865240831.3022 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-09T04:14:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T01:16:51Z", "ms": -2118955389256.5308 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-10T05:17:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-10T02:19:19Z", "ms": -2118865240831.3022 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-09T11:25:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T08:27:11Z", "ms": -2118929568996.0872 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-09T12:13:11+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-09T09:15:11Z", "ms": -2118926688996.0872 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-10T11:25:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-10T08:27:16Z", "ms": -2118843163938.609 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-10T12:13:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-10T09:15:16Z", "ms": -2118840283938.609 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 04:14 on Sun 9 Nov to 05:16 on Mon 10 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-09T01:16:51Z → 1902-11-10T02:19:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 9th, 11:24–12:12 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 22077 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Durgā Navamī 1902 falls on Sunday 9 November. Navamī runs from 04:14 on Sun 9 Nov to 05:16 on Mon 10 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-11-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3817, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-11T05:34:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-11T02:36:15Z", "ms": -2118777825262.754 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-12T05:03:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-12T02:05:02Z", "ms": -2118693297662.8499 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-11T05:34:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-11T02:36:15Z", "ms": -2118777825262.754 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-12T05:03:02+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-12T02:05:02Z", "ms": -2118693297662.8499 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-11T06:37:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-11T03:39:52Z", "ms": -2118774008112.7769 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-11T06:37:52+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-11T03:39:52Z", "ms": -2118774008112.7769 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-12T06:38:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-12T03:40:53Z", "ms": -2118687546886.0693 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-12T06:38:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-12T03:40:53Z", "ms": -2118687546886.0693 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:33 on Tue 11 Nov to 05:02 on Wed 12 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-11T02:36:15Z → 1902-11-12T02:05:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:37 on the 11th and 06:38 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 11th and is not on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3817 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 11 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Tuesday 11 November. Ekādaśī runs from 05:33 on Tue 11 Nov to 05:02 on Wed 12 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-11-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-11-13", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24923, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-13T03:44:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-13T00:46:54Z", "ms": -2118611586248.939 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-14T01:44:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-13T22:46:14Z", "ms": -2118532426225.735 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-13T03:44:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-13T00:46:54Z", "ms": -2118611586248.939 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-14T01:44:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-13T22:46:14Z", "ms": -2118532426225.735 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-12T17:00:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-12T14:02:04Z", "ms": -2118650275757.7048 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-12T18:49:23+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-12T15:51:23Z", "ms": -2118643717071.0952 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-13T16:59:18+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-13T14:01:18Z", "ms": -2118563921904.4597 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-13T18:48:51+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-13T15:50:51Z", "ms": -2118557348891.0137 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:44 on Thu 13 Nov to 01:43 on Fri 14 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-13T00:46:54Z → 1902-11-13T22:46:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:59–18:48 on the 12th, 16:58–18:48 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 109 minutes on the 12th and 110 of 110 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24923 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Thursday 13 November. Trayodaśī runs from 03:44 on Thu 13 Nov to 01:43 on Fri 14 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-11-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1101, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-11-14T23:07:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-14T20:09:54Z", "ms": -2118455406052.157 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-15T20:04:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-15T17:06:26Z", "ms": -2118380013620.9167 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-14T23:07:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-14T20:09:54Z", "ms": -2118455406052.157 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-15T20:04:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-15T17:06:26Z", "ms": -2118380013620.9167 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-14T23:26:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-14T20:28:15Z", "ms": -2118454304695.0532 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-15T00:14:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-14T21:16:15Z", "ms": -2118451424695.0532 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-15T23:26:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-15T20:28:25Z", "ms": -2118367895452.6724 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-16T00:14:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-15T21:16:25Z", "ms": -2118365015452.6724 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:07 on Fri 14 Nov to 20:03 on Sat 15 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-14T20:09:54Z → 1902-11-15T17:06:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:25–00:13 on the 14th, 23:25–00:13 on the 15th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1101 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Mosul, 1902: Friday 14 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rāsayātrā 1902 falls on Friday 14 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:07 on Fri 14 Nov to 20:03 on Sat 15 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28232, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-11-14T23:07:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-14T20:09:54Z", "ms": -2118455406052.157 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-15T20:04:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-15T17:06:26Z", "ms": -2118380013620.9167 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-14T23:07:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-14T20:09:54Z", "ms": -2118455406052.157 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-15T20:04:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-15T17:06:26Z", "ms": -2118380013620.9167 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-14T11:25:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-14T08:27:45Z", "ms": -2118497535348.2266 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-14T12:13:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-14T09:15:45Z", "ms": -2118494655348.2266 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-15T11:25:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-15T08:27:54Z", "ms": -2118411126094.407 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-15T12:13:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-15T09:15:54Z", "ms": -2118408246094.407 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:07 on Fri 14 Nov to 20:03 on Sat 15 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-14T20:09:54Z → 1902-11-15T17:06:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:25–12:13 on the 14th, 11:25–12:13 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28232 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 15 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1902 falls on Saturday 15 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:07 on Fri 14 Nov to 20:03 on Sat 15 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-11-18", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36399, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-18T09:48:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-18T06:50:40Z", "ms": -2118157760294.046 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-19T06:34:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-19T03:36:38Z", "ms": -2118083001826.1472 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-18T09:48:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-18T06:50:40Z", "ms": -2118157760294.046 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-19T06:34:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-19T03:36:38Z", "ms": -2118083001826.1472 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-18T19:55:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-18T16:57:19Z", "ms": -2118121361339.2998 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-18T19:55:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-18T16:57:19Z", "ms": -2118121361339.2998 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-19T21:01:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-19T18:03:19Z", "ms": -2118031001479.9822 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-19T21:01:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-19T18:03:19Z", "ms": -2118031001479.9822 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:48 on Tue 18 Nov to 06:34 on Wed 19 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-18T06:50:40Z → 1902-11-19T03:36:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:54 on the 18th and 21:00 on the 19th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 18th and is not on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36399 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 18 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Tuesday 18 November. Caturthī runs from 09:48 on Tue 18 Nov to 06:34 on Wed 19 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-11-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-11-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30811, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-24T21:42:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-24T18:44:05Z", "ms": -2117596554814.5215 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-25T22:19:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-25T19:21:32Z", "ms": -2117507908011.199 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-24T21:42:05+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-24T18:44:05Z", "ms": -2117596554814.5215 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-25T22:19:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-25T19:21:32Z", "ms": -2117507908011.199 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-25T06:52:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-25T03:54:04Z", "ms": -2117563556284.1426 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-25T06:52:04+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-25T03:54:04Z", "ms": -2117563556284.1426 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-26T06:53:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-26T03:55:03Z", "ms": -2117477097053.807 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-26T06:53:03+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-26T03:55:03Z", "ms": -2117477097053.807 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:41 on Mon 24 Nov to 22:19 on Tue 25 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-24T18:44:05Z → 1902-11-25T19:21:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:51 on the 25th and 06:52 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30811 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Tuesday 25 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Tuesday 25 November. Ekādaśī runs from 21:41 on Mon 24 Nov to 22:19 on Tue 25 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-11-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-11-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16958, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-26T23:26:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-26T20:28:54Z", "ms": -2117417465773.3718 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-28T00:59:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-27T22:01:27Z", "ms": -2117325513218.0374 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-26T23:26:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-26T20:28:54Z", "ms": -2117417465773.3718 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-28T00:59:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-27T22:01:27Z", "ms": -2117325513218.0374 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-26T16:52:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-26T13:54:00Z", "ms": -2117441160209.2285 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-26T18:44:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-26T15:46:16Z", "ms": -2117434423949.359 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-27T16:51:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-27T13:53:39Z", "ms": -2117354780631.3645 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-27T18:44:06+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-27T15:46:06Z", "ms": -2117348033874.1824 } }, "covered_min": 112, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:26 on Wed 26 Nov to 00:58 on Fri 28 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-26T20:28:54Z → 1902-11-27T22:01:27Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:51–18:43 on the 26th, 16:51–18:43 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 112 minutes on the 26th and 112 of 112 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16958 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 27 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Thursday 27 November. Trayodaśī runs from 23:26 on Wed 26 Nov to 00:58 on Fri 28 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-11-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-11-28", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-11-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2527, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-11-28T00:59:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-27T22:01:27Z", "ms": -2117325513218.0374 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-29T02:52:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-28T23:54:38Z", "ms": -2117232322109.6719 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-11-28T00:59:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-27T22:01:27Z", "ms": -2117325513218.0374 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-29T02:52:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-28T23:54:38Z", "ms": -2117232322109.6719 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-11-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-27T23:29:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-27T20:31:20Z", "ms": -2117330920291.9316 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-28T00:17:20+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-27T21:19:20Z", "ms": -2117328040291.9316 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-11-28T23:29:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-28T20:31:39Z", "ms": -2117244500625.1091 }, "end": { "local": "1902-11-29T00:17:39+02:58", "utc": "1902-11-28T21:19:39Z", "ms": -2117241620625.1091 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 00:58 on Fri 28 Nov to 02:52 on Sat 29 Nov.", "fact": "1902-11-27T22:01:27Z → 1902-11-28T23:54:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:28–00:16 on the 27th, 23:29–00:17 on the 28th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2527 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Friday 28 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Friday 28 November. Caturdaśī runs from 00:58 on Fri 28 Nov to 02:52 on Sat 29 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-11-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-12-04", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 751, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-03T12:31:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-03T09:33:31Z", "ms": -2116851988785.745 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-04T15:03:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-04T12:05:54Z", "ms": -2116756446165.0217 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-03T12:31:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-03T09:33:31Z", "ms": -2116851988785.745 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-04T15:03:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-04T12:05:54Z", "ms": -2116756446165.0217 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-03T11:31:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-03T08:33:01Z", "ms": -2116855619353.018 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-03T12:19:01+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-03T09:21:01Z", "ms": -2116852739353.018 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-04T11:31:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-04T08:33:25Z", "ms": -2116769195390.6272 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-04T12:19:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-04T09:21:25Z", "ms": -2116766315390.6272 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:31 on Wed 3 Dec to 15:03 on Thu 4 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-03T09:33:31Z → 1902-12-04T12:05:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 3rd, 11:30–12:18 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 751 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 4 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-04", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1902 falls on Thursday 4 December. Caturthī runs from 12:31 on Wed 3 Dec to 15:03 on Thu 4 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1902-12-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9869, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-04T15:03:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-04T12:05:54Z", "ms": -2116756446165.0217 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-05T17:25:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T14:27:07Z", "ms": -2116661572954.9375 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-04T15:03:54+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-04T12:05:54Z", "ms": -2116756446165.0217 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-05T17:25:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T14:27:07Z", "ms": -2116661572954.9375 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-04T11:31:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-04T08:33:25Z", "ms": -2116769195390.6272 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-04T12:19:25+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-04T09:21:25Z", "ms": -2116766315390.6272 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-05T11:31:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T08:33:49Z", "ms": -2116682770843.9604 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-05T12:19:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T09:21:49Z", "ms": -2116679890843.9604 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 15:03 on Thu 4 Dec to 17:24 on Fri 5 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-04T12:05:54Z → 1902-12-05T14:27:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 4th, 11:31–12:19 on the 5th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9869 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Mosul, 1902: Friday 5 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1902 falls on Friday 5 December. Pañcamī runs from 15:03 on Thu 4 Dec to 17:24 on Fri 5 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18318, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-05T17:25:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T14:27:07Z", "ms": -2116661572954.9375 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-06T19:25:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T16:27:24Z", "ms": -2116567955575.6414 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-05T17:25:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T14:27:07Z", "ms": -2116661572954.9375 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-06T19:25:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T16:27:24Z", "ms": -2116567955575.6414 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-05T11:31:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T08:33:49Z", "ms": -2116682770843.9604 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-05T12:19:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T09:21:49Z", "ms": -2116679890843.9604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-06T11:32:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T08:34:14Z", "ms": -2116596345739.858 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-06T12:20:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T09:22:14Z", "ms": -2116593465739.858 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:24 on Fri 5 Dec to 19:24 on Sat 6 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-05T14:27:07Z → 1902-12-06T16:27:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:31–12:19 on the 5th, 11:31–12:19 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18318 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1902 falls on Saturday 6 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:24 on Fri 5 Dec to 19:24 on Sat 6 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18318, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-05T17:25:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T14:27:07Z", "ms": -2116661572954.9375 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-06T19:25:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T16:27:24Z", "ms": -2116567955575.6414 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-05T17:25:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T14:27:07Z", "ms": -2116661572954.9375 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-06T19:25:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T16:27:24Z", "ms": -2116567955575.6414 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-05T11:31:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T08:33:49Z", "ms": -2116682770843.9604 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-05T12:19:49+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-05T09:21:49Z", "ms": -2116679890843.9604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-06T11:32:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T08:34:14Z", "ms": -2116596345739.858 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-06T12:20:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T09:22:14Z", "ms": -2116593465739.858 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:24 on Fri 5 Dec to 19:24 on Sat 6 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-05T14:27:07Z → 1902-12-06T16:27:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:31–12:19 on the 5th, 11:31–12:19 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 18318 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 6 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1902 falls on Saturday 6 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 17:24 on Fri 5 Dec to 19:24 on Sat 6 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25510, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-06T19:25:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T16:27:24Z", "ms": -2116567955575.6414 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-07T20:54:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-07T17:56:38Z", "ms": -2116476202423.591 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-06T19:25:24+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T16:27:24Z", "ms": -2116567955575.6414 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-07T20:54:38+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-07T17:56:38Z", "ms": -2116476202423.591 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-06T11:32:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T08:34:14Z", "ms": -2116596345739.858 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-06T12:20:14+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-06T09:22:14Z", "ms": -2116593465739.858 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-12-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-07T11:32:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-07T08:34:40Z", "ms": -2116509920105.7114 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-07T12:20:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-07T09:22:40Z", "ms": -2116507040105.7114 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:24 on Sat 6 Dec to 20:54 on Sun 7 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-06T16:27:24Z → 1902-12-07T17:56:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:31–12:19 on the 6th, 11:32–12:20 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25510 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 7 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mitra Saptamī 1902 falls on Sunday 7 December. Saptamī runs from 19:24 on Sat 6 Dec to 20:54 on Sun 7 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-12-11", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36473, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-10T20:58:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-10T18:00:37Z", "ms": -2116216763079.9165 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-11T19:21:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-11T16:23:59Z", "ms": -2116136161483.1394 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-10T20:58:37+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-10T18:00:37Z", "ms": -2116216763079.9165 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-11T19:21:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-11T16:23:59Z", "ms": -2116136161483.1394 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-11T07:06:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-11T04:08:30Z", "ms": -2116180289776.0938 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-11T07:06:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-11T04:08:30Z", "ms": -2116180289776.0938 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-12T07:07:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T04:09:16Z", "ms": -2116093843720.0352 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-12T07:07:16+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T04:09:16Z", "ms": -2116093843720.0352 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 20:58 on Wed 10 Dec to 19:21 on Thu 11 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-10T18:00:37Z → 1902-12-11T16:23:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:06 on the 11th and 07:06 on the 12th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 11th and is not on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36473 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 11 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Thursday 11 December. Ekādaśī runs from 20:58 on Wed 10 Dec to 19:21 on Thu 11 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-12-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16644, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-11T19:21:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-11T16:23:59Z", "ms": -2116136161483.1394 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-12T17:00:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T14:02:19Z", "ms": -2116058260929.1868 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-11T19:21:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-11T16:23:59Z", "ms": -2116136161483.1394 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-12T17:00:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T14:02:19Z", "ms": -2116058260929.1868 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-11T11:34:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-11T08:36:27Z", "ms": -2116164212828.3696 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-11T12:22:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-11T09:24:27Z", "ms": -2116161332828.3696 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-12T11:34:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T08:36:55Z", "ms": -2116077784964.0796 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-12T12:22:55+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T09:24:55Z", "ms": -2116074904964.0796 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 19:21 on Thu 11 Dec to 16:59 on Fri 12 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-11T16:23:59Z → 1902-12-12T14:02:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:33–12:21 on the 11th, 11:34–12:22 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16644 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Friday 12 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1902 falls on Friday 12 December. Dvādaśī runs from 19:21 on Thu 11 Dec to 16:59 on Fri 12 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-12-12", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 585, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-12T17:00:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T14:02:19Z", "ms": -2116058260929.1868 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-13T14:00:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-13T11:02:40Z", "ms": -2115982639793.83 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-12T17:00:19+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T14:02:19Z", "ms": -2116058260929.1868 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-13T14:00:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-13T11:02:40Z", "ms": -2115982639793.83 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-12T16:50:34+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T13:52:34Z", "ms": -2116058846208.1243 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-12T18:44:53+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-12T15:46:53Z", "ms": -2116051986568.8672 } }, "covered_min": 105, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-13T16:50:45+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-13T13:52:45Z", "ms": -2115972434560.2158 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-13T18:45:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-13T15:47:09Z", "ms": -2115965570672.156 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:59 on Fri 12 Dec to 14:00 on Sat 13 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-12T14:02:19Z → 1902-12-13T11:02:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:50–18:44 on the 12th, 16:50–18:44 on the 13th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 105 of 114 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 114 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 585 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Friday 12 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Friday 12 December. Trayodaśī runs from 16:59 on Fri 12 Dec to 14:00 on Sat 13 Dec and covers 105 of 114 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-12-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22729, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1902-12-14T10:32:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-14T07:34:10Z", "ms": -2115908749681.2861 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-15T06:45:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-15T03:47:22Z", "ms": -2115835958005.1643 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-14T10:32:10+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-14T07:34:10Z", "ms": -2115908749681.2861 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-15T06:45:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-15T03:47:22Z", "ms": -2115835958005.1643 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-14T16:50:59+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-14T13:52:59Z", "ms": -2115886020947.5222 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-14T18:45:27+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-14T15:47:27Z", "ms": -2115879153250.416 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-15T16:51:15+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-15T13:53:15Z", "ms": -2115799605381.745 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-15T18:45:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-15T15:47:46Z", "ms": -2115792734319.0906 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 10:31 on Sun 14 Dec to 06:44 on Mon 15 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-14T07:34:10Z → 1902-12-15T03:47:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:50–18:44 on the 14th, 16:50–18:45 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 114 of 114 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 115 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22729 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Mosul, 1902: Sunday 14 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1902 falls on Sunday 14 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 10:31 on Sun 14 Dec to 06:44 on Mon 15 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-12-17", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1198, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-17T19:29:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-17T16:31:32Z", "ms": -2115617307801.3093 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-18T16:23:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-18T13:25:26Z", "ms": -2115542074355.1636 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-17T19:29:32+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-17T16:31:32Z", "ms": -2115617307801.3093 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-18T16:23:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-18T13:25:26Z", "ms": -2115542074355.1636 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-17T19:49:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-17T16:51:30Z", "ms": -2115616109608.5752 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-17T19:49:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-17T16:51:30Z", "ms": -2115616109608.5752 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-18T20:58:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-18T18:00:09Z", "ms": -2115525591391.8098 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-18T20:58:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-18T18:00:09Z", "ms": -2115525591391.8098 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:29 on Wed 17 Dec to 16:22 on Thu 18 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-17T16:31:32Z → 1902-12-18T13:25:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:49 on the 17th and 20:57 on the 18th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1198 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1902: Wednesday 17 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1902 falls on Wednesday 17 December. Caturthī runs from 19:29 on Wed 17 Dec to 16:22 on Thu 18 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1902-12-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-12-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20271, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-24T12:52:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-24T09:54:31Z", "ms": -2115036329136.086 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-25T14:40:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-25T11:42:42Z", "ms": -2114943437655.1863 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-24T12:52:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-24T09:54:31Z", "ms": -2115036329136.086 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-25T14:40:42+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-25T11:42:42Z", "ms": -2114943437655.1863 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-24T07:14:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-24T04:16:40Z", "ms": -2115056600029.7825 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-24T07:14:40+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-24T04:16:40Z", "ms": -2115056600029.7825 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1902-12-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-25T07:15:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-25T04:17:07Z", "ms": -2114970173306.4153 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-25T07:15:07+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-25T04:17:07Z", "ms": -2114970173306.4153 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 12:52 on Wed 24 Dec to 14:40 on Thu 25 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-24T09:54:31Z → 1902-12-25T11:42:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:14 on the 24th and 07:14 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20271 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1902: Thursday 25 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1902 falls on Thursday 25 December. Ekādaśī runs from 12:52 on Wed 24 Dec to 14:40 on Thu 25 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/ekadashi?on=1902-12-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-12-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-26", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin", "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 280, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-26T16:51:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-26T13:53:30Z", "ms": -2114849190466.2175 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-27T19:16:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-27T16:18:26Z", "ms": -2114754093721.9185 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-26T16:51:30+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-26T13:53:30Z", "ms": -2114849190466.2175 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-27T19:16:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-27T16:18:26Z", "ms": -2114754093721.9185 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-26T16:56:09+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-26T13:58:09Z", "ms": -2114848910822.6797 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-26T18:50:47+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-26T15:52:47Z", "ms": -2114842032730.4065 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-27T16:56:46+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-27T13:58:46Z", "ms": -2114762473605.5168 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-27T18:51:22+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-27T15:53:22Z", "ms": -2114755597623.6165 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:50 on Fri 26 Dec to 19:15 on Sat 27 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-26T13:53:30Z → 1902-12-27T16:18:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:55–18:50 on the 26th, 16:56–18:50 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 115 of 115 minutes on the 26th and 115 of 115 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 280 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1902: Friday 26 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin, tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-26", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-26", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1902 falls on Friday 26 December. Trayodaśī runs from 16:50 on Fri 26 Dec to 19:15 on Sat 27 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 115 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested. It is 4 min 40 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/pradosha-vrata?on=1902-12-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-12-27", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1902, "local_date": "1902-12-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6864, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1902-12-27T19:16:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-27T16:18:26Z", "ms": -2114754093721.9185 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-28T21:48:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-28T18:50:36Z", "ms": -2114658563936.7175 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1902-12-27T19:16:26+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-27T16:18:26Z", "ms": -2114754093721.9185 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-28T21:48:36+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-28T18:50:36Z", "ms": -2114658563936.7175 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1902-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-27T23:42:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-27T20:44:31Z", "ms": -2114738128673.3901 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-28T00:30:31+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-27T21:32:31Z", "ms": -2114735248673.3901 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1902-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1902-12-28T23:43:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-28T20:45:00Z", "ms": -2114651699503.8643 }, "end": { "local": "1902-12-29T00:31:00+02:58", "utc": "1902-12-28T21:33:00Z", "ms": -2114648819503.8643 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:15 on Sat 27 Dec to 21:48 on Sun 28 Dec.", "fact": "1902-12-27T16:18:26Z → 1902-12-28T18:50:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:42–00:30 on the 27th, 23:42–00:30 on the 28th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6864 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1902: Saturday 27 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1902-12-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1902 falls on Saturday 27 December. Caturdaśī runs from 19:15 on Sat 27 Dec to 21:48 on Sun 28 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1902/shivaratri?on=1902-12-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }