{ "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907", "place": { "id": "99072", "slug": "mosul", "name": "Mosul", "region": "Nineveh, Iraq", "country": "IQ", "lat": 36.335, "lon": 43.11889, "elevation_m": 228, "tz": "Asia/Baghdad" }, "year": 1907, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-01-03", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30577, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-03T04:01:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-03T01:03:45Z", "ms": -1987973775241.712 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-04T05:24:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-04T02:26:40Z", "ms": -1987882400437.9202 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-03T04:01:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-03T01:03:45Z", "ms": -1987973775241.712 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-04T05:24:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-04T02:26:40Z", "ms": -1987882400437.9202 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-02T19:32:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-02T16:34:08Z", "ms": -1988004352242.3232 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-02T19:32:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-02T16:34:08Z", "ms": -1988004352242.3232 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-03T20:29:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-03T17:31:46Z", "ms": -1987914493635.2222 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-03T20:29:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-03T17:31:46Z", "ms": -1987914493635.2222 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:01 on Thu 3 Jan to 05:24 on Fri 4 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-03T01:03:45Z → 1907-01-04T02:26:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:31 on the 2nd and 20:29 on the 3rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30577 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 3 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Thursday 3 January. Caturthī runs from 04:01 on Thu 3 Jan to 05:24 on Fri 4 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-01-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-01-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21984, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-10T01:11:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-09T22:13:34Z", "ms": -1987379185753.1743 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-10T22:24:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-10T19:26:42Z", "ms": -1987302797968.3765 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-10T01:11:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-09T22:13:34Z", "ms": -1987379185753.1743 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-10T22:24:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-10T19:26:42Z", "ms": -1987302797968.3765 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-10T07:17:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-10T04:19:58Z", "ms": -1987357201521.3997 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-10T07:17:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-10T04:19:58Z", "ms": -1987357201521.3997 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-11T07:17:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-11T04:19:53Z", "ms": -1987270807472.4028 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-11T07:17:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-11T04:19:53Z", "ms": -1987270807472.4028 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:11 on Thu 10 Jan to 22:24 on Thu 10 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-09T22:13:34Z → 1907-01-10T19:26:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:17 on the 10th and 07:17 on the 11th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21984 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 10 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Thursday 10 January. Ekādaśī runs from 01:11 on Thu 10 Jan to 22:24 on Thu 10 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-01-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-01-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-11", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 770, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-11T19:14:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-11T16:16:49Z", "ms": -1987227791492.1338 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-12T15:50:18+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T12:52:18Z", "ms": -1987153661950.1396 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-11T19:14:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-11T16:16:49Z", "ms": -1987227791492.1338 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-12T15:50:18+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T12:52:18Z", "ms": -1987153661950.1396 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-11T17:08:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-11T14:10:47Z", "ms": -1987235353173.4893 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-11T19:01:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-11T16:03:59Z", "ms": -1987228561470.996 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T17:09:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T14:11:44Z", "ms": -1987148896481.301 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-12T19:02:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T16:04:46Z", "ms": -1987142113659.6587 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:14 on Fri 11 Jan to 15:49 on Sat 12 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-11T16:16:49Z → 1907-01-12T12:52:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:08–19:01 on the 11th, 17:09–19:02 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 113 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither evening qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 770 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Friday 11 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-11", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Friday 11 January. Trayodaśī runs from 19:14 on Fri 11 Jan to 15:49 on Sat 12 Jan, and reaches pradoṣa on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-01-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-01-12", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28761, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T15:50:18+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T12:52:18Z", "ms": -1987153661950.1396 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-13T12:20:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T09:22:25Z", "ms": -1987079855011.1587 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T15:50:18+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T12:52:18Z", "ms": -1987153661950.1396 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-13T12:20:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T09:22:25Z", "ms": -1987079855011.1587 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T23:49:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T20:51:39Z", "ms": -1987124900900.1418 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-13T00:37:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T21:39:39Z", "ms": -1987122020900.1418 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-13T23:50:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T20:52:02Z", "ms": -1987038478099.6533 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:38:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:40:02Z", "ms": -1987035598099.6533 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:49 on Sat 12 Jan to 12:19 on Sun 13 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-12T12:52:18Z → 1907-01-13T09:22:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:49–00:37 on the 12th, 23:49–00:37 on the 13th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28761 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 12 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Saturday 12 January. Caturdaśī runs from 15:49 on Sat 12 Jan to 12:19 on Sun 13 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-01-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24717, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-12T13:01:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-12T10:03:30Z", "ms": -1984485390491.8298 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T17:09:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T14:11:44Z", "ms": -1987148896481.301 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-13T17:10:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T14:12:41Z", "ms": -1987062438984.8496 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-13T17:10:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T14:12:41Z", "ms": -1987062438984.8496 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-14T17:11:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-14T14:13:39Z", "ms": -1986975980740.522 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1907-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 00:02 on Mon 14 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:10, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:11.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 24717 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Monday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1907-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1907-01-12", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bhogi 1907 falls on Sunday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Monday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 00:02 on Mon 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 12 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18170, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T15:50:18+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T12:52:18Z", "ms": -1987153661950.1396 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-13T12:20:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T09:22:25Z", "ms": -1987079855011.1587 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T15:50:18+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T12:52:18Z", "ms": -1987153661950.1396 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-13T12:20:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T09:22:25Z", "ms": -1987079855011.1587 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T05:24:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T02:26:33Z", "ms": -1987191207107.2834 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-12T07:17:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T04:19:45Z", "ms": -1987184415404.7903 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-13T05:24:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T02:26:32Z", "ms": -1987104808140.625 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-13T07:17:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T04:19:35Z", "ms": -1987098025318.9827 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 15:49 on Sat 12 Jan to 12:19 on Sun 13 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-12T12:52:18Z → 1907-01-13T09:22:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:24–07:17 on the 12th, 05:24–07:17 on the 13th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 12th and 113 of 113 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18170 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yama Tarpaṇa 1907 falls on Sunday 13 January. Caturdaśī runs from 15:49 on Sat 12 Jan to 12:19 on Sun 13 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24717, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-12T13:01:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-12T10:03:30Z", "ms": -1984485390491.8298 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T17:09:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T14:11:44Z", "ms": -1987148896481.301 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-13T17:10:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T14:12:41Z", "ms": -1987062438984.8496 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-13T17:10:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T14:12:41Z", "ms": -1987062438984.8496 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-14T17:11:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-14T14:13:39Z", "ms": -1986975980740.522 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 00:02 on Mon 14 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:10, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:11.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 24717 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Mosul, 1907: Monday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1907-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1907-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Pongal 1907 falls on Monday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 00:02 on Mon 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 134, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-12T13:01:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-12T10:03:30Z", "ms": -1984485390491.8298 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-13T00:00:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T21:02:24Z", "ms": -1987124256000 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:00:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:02:24Z", "ms": -1987037856000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:00:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:02:24Z", "ms": -1987037856000 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-15T00:00:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-14T21:02:24Z", "ms": -1986951456000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 00:02 on Mon 14 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Mosul.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Baghdad" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 134 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Mosul, 1907: Monday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1907-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1907-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Makara Saṅkrānti 1907 falls on Monday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 00:02 on Mon 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 13 January. It is 2 min 14 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24717, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-12T13:01:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-12T10:03:30Z", "ms": -1984485390491.8298 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-14T00:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z", "ms": -1987037722231.3792 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-12T17:09:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-12T14:11:44Z", "ms": -1987148896481.301 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-13T17:10:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T14:12:41Z", "ms": -1987062438984.8496 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-13T17:10:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-13T14:12:41Z", "ms": -1987062438984.8496 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-14T17:11:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-14T14:13:39Z", "ms": -1986975980740.522 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1907-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 00:02 on Mon 14 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-13T21:04:38Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 13th ends at 17:10, and the day of the 14th ends at 17:11.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 24717 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Monday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1907-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1907-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mattu Pongal 1907 falls on Tuesday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Monday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 00:02 on Mon 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th. Counted from sunrise, as in Orissa, it is 14 January.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37534, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T00:40:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-16T21:42:23Z", "ms": -1986776256746.8076 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-17T23:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z", "ms": -1986695569885.5378 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T00:40:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-16T21:42:23Z", "ms": -1986776256746.8076 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-17T23:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z", "ms": -1986695569885.5378 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-16T11:51:15+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-16T08:53:15Z", "ms": -1986822404586.588 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-16T12:39:15+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-16T09:41:15Z", "ms": -1986819524586.588 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T11:51:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T08:53:37Z", "ms": -1986735983419.6387 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-17T12:39:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T09:41:37Z", "ms": -1986733103419.6387 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:39 on Thu 17 Jan to 23:04 on Thu 17 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-16T21:42:23Z → 1907-01-17T20:07:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:50–12:38 on the 16th, 11:51–12:39 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 37534 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 17 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1907 falls on Thursday 17 January. Caturthī runs from 00:39 on Thu 17 Jan to 23:04 on Thu 17 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14299, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T00:40:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-16T21:42:23Z", "ms": -1986776256746.8076 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-17T23:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z", "ms": -1986695569885.5378 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T00:40:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-16T21:42:23Z", "ms": -1986776256746.8076 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-17T23:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z", "ms": -1986695569885.5378 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-16T17:13:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-16T14:15:38Z", "ms": -1986803062230.0962 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-16T19:06:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-16T16:08:01Z", "ms": -1986796318568.5054 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T17:14:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T14:16:38Z", "ms": -1986716602071.1123 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-17T19:06:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T16:08:51Z", "ms": -1986709869069.2783 } }, "covered_min": 112, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:39 on Thu 17 Jan to 23:04 on Thu 17 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-16T21:42:23Z → 1907-01-17T20:07:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:13–19:05 on the 16th, 17:14–19:06 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 112 minutes on the 16th and 112 of 112 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14299 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 17 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Tila Caturthī 1907 falls on Thursday 17 January. Caturthī runs from 00:39 on Thu 17 Jan to 23:04 on Thu 17 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34534, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T23:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z", "ms": -1986695569885.5378 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-18T22:15:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-18T19:17:31Z", "ms": -1986612148653.3853 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T23:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z", "ms": -1986695569885.5378 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-18T22:15:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-18T19:17:31Z", "ms": -1986612148653.3853 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T11:51:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T08:53:37Z", "ms": -1986735983419.6387 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-17T12:39:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T09:41:37Z", "ms": -1986733103419.6387 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-18T11:51:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-18T08:53:57Z", "ms": -1986649562967.6206 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-18T12:39:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-18T09:41:57Z", "ms": -1986646682967.6206 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 23:04 on Thu 17 Jan to 22:15 on Fri 18 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z → 1907-01-18T19:17:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 17th, 11:51–12:39 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34534 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 18 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śrī Pañcamī 1907 falls on Friday 18 January. Pañcamī runs from 23:04 on Thu 17 Jan to 22:15 on Fri 18 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34534, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T23:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z", "ms": -1986695569885.5378 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-18T22:15:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-18T19:17:31Z", "ms": -1986612148653.3853 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T23:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z", "ms": -1986695569885.5378 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-18T22:15:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-18T19:17:31Z", "ms": -1986612148653.3853 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-17T11:51:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T08:53:37Z", "ms": -1986735983419.6387 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-17T12:39:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-17T09:41:37Z", "ms": -1986733103419.6387 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-18T11:51:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-18T08:53:57Z", "ms": -1986649562967.6206 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-18T12:39:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-18T09:41:57Z", "ms": -1986646682967.6206 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 23:04 on Thu 17 Jan to 22:15 on Fri 18 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-17T20:07:10Z → 1907-01-18T19:17:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:51–12:39 on the 17th, 11:51–12:39 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34534 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 18 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vasanta Pañcamī 1907 falls on Friday 18 January. Pañcamī runs from 23:04 on Thu 17 Jan to 22:15 on Fri 18 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22985, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-19T22:14:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-19T19:16:10Z", "ms": -1986525829629.5986 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-20T23:00:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-20T20:02:20Z", "ms": -1986436660112.1755 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-19T22:14:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-19T19:16:10Z", "ms": -1986525829629.5986 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-20T23:00:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-20T20:02:20Z", "ms": -1986436660112.1755 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-20T05:23:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-20T02:25:39Z", "ms": -1986500060677.0752 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-20T07:15:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-20T04:17:30Z", "ms": -1986493349981.3586 } }, "covered_min": 112, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-01-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-21T05:23:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-21T02:25:25Z", "ms": -1986413674652.2444 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-21T07:15:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-21T04:17:04Z", "ms": -1986406975586.102 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 112, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 22:13 on Sat 19 Jan to 22:59 on Sun 20 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-19T19:16:10Z → 1907-01-20T20:02:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:23–07:15 on the 20th, 05:22–07:14 on the 21st.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 112 of 112 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 112 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22985 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 20 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ratha Saptamī 1907 falls on Sunday 20 January. Saptamī runs from 22:13 on Sat 19 Jan to 22:59 on Sun 20 Jan and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-01-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1537, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-24T05:00:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-24T02:02:04Z", "ms": -1986155876350.602 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-25T07:38:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-25T04:40:40Z", "ms": -1986059959904.6023 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-24T05:00:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-24T02:02:04Z", "ms": -1986155876350.602 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-25T07:38:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-25T04:40:40Z", "ms": -1986059959904.6023 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-24T07:13:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-24T04:15:36Z", "ms": -1986147863745.0483 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-24T07:13:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-24T04:15:36Z", "ms": -1986147863745.0483 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-25T07:13:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-25T04:15:03Z", "ms": -1986061496839.7908 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-25T07:13:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-25T04:15:03Z", "ms": -1986061496839.7908 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:59 on Thu 24 Jan to 07:38 on Fri 25 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-24T02:02:04Z → 1907-01-25T04:40:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:13 on the 24th and 07:12 on the 25th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1537 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Jayā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Friday 25 January. Ekādaśī runs from 04:59 on Thu 24 Jan to 07:38 on Fri 25 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-01-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5832, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-25T07:38:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-25T04:40:40Z", "ms": -1986059959904.6023 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-26T10:17:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-26T07:19:01Z", "ms": -1985964058828.2986 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-25T07:38:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-25T04:40:40Z", "ms": -1986059959904.6023 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-26T10:17:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-26T07:19:01Z", "ms": -1985964058828.2986 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-25T11:53:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-25T08:55:59Z", "ms": -1986044641143.8867 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-25T12:41:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-25T09:43:59Z", "ms": -1986041761143.8867 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-26T11:54:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-26T08:56:13Z", "ms": -1985958226921.1294 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-26T12:42:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-26T09:44:13Z", "ms": -1985955346921.1294 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 07:38 on Fri 25 Jan to 10:16 on Sat 26 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-25T04:40:40Z → 1907-01-26T07:19:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:53–12:41 on the 25th, 11:53–12:41 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 5832 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1907 falls on Friday 25 January. Dvādaśī runs from 07:38 on Fri 25 Jan to 10:16 on Sat 26 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-01-26", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16793, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-01-26T10:17:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-26T07:19:01Z", "ms": -1985964058828.2986 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-27T12:45:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-27T09:47:09Z", "ms": -1985868771496.0942 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-26T10:17:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-26T07:19:01Z", "ms": -1985964058828.2986 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-27T12:45:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-27T09:47:09Z", "ms": -1985868771496.0942 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-26T17:23:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-26T14:25:58Z", "ms": -1985938442093.7642 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-26T19:14:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-26T16:16:21Z", "ms": -1985931818940.6062 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-01-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-27T17:25:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-27T14:27:01Z", "ms": -1985851978583.354 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-27T19:15:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-27T16:17:11Z", "ms": -1985845369025.8865 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:16 on Sat 26 Jan to 12:44 on Sun 27 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-26T07:19:01Z → 1907-01-27T09:47:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:23–19:13 on the 26th, 17:24–19:14 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 110 of 110 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 110 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16793 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 26 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Saturday 26 January. Trayodaśī runs from 10:16 on Sat 26 Jan to 12:44 on Sun 27 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-01-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-01-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7970, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-01-28T14:55:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-28T11:57:29Z", "ms": -1985774551319.7124 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-29T16:42:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-29T13:44:57Z", "ms": -1985681702940.2734 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-01-28T14:55:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-28T11:57:29Z", "ms": -1985774551319.7124 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-29T16:42:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-29T13:44:57Z", "ms": -1985681702940.2734 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-01-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-28T11:54:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-28T08:56:39Z", "ms": -1985785400926.267 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-28T12:42:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-28T09:44:39Z", "ms": -1985782520926.267 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-01-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-01-29T11:54:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-29T08:56:51Z", "ms": -1985698989158.9788 }, "end": { "local": "1907-01-29T12:42:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-01-29T09:44:51Z", "ms": -1985696109158.9788 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Mon 28 Jan to 16:42 on Tue 29 Jan.", "fact": "1907-01-28T11:57:29Z → 1907-01-29T13:44:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:54–12:42 on the 28th, 11:54–12:42 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7970 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 29 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-01-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1907 falls on Tuesday 29 January. Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Mon 28 Jan to 16:42 on Tue 29 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-02-01", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-02-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3447, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-02-01T19:25:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-01T16:27:32Z", "ms": -1985412748350.0154 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-02T19:24:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-02T16:26:24Z", "ms": -1985326416153.2642 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-02-01T19:25:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-01T16:27:32Z", "ms": -1985412748350.0154 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-02T19:24:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-02T16:26:24Z", "ms": -1985326416153.2642 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-01T20:22:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-01T17:24:58Z", "ms": -1985409301695.1191 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-01T20:22:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-01T17:24:58Z", "ms": -1985409301695.1191 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-02T21:24:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-02T18:26:07Z", "ms": -1985319232918.4797 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-02T21:24:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-02T18:26:07Z", "ms": -1985319232918.4797 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 19:25 on Fri 1 Feb to 19:23 on Sat 2 Feb.", "fact": "1907-02-01T16:27:32Z → 1907-02-02T16:26:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:22 on the 1st and 21:23 on the 2nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3447 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 1 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Friday 1 February. Caturthī runs from 19:25 on Fri 1 Feb to 19:23 on Sat 2 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-02-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-02-09", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-02-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2372, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-02-08T10:21:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-08T07:23:04Z", "ms": -1984840616184.699 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-09T07:40:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-09T04:42:57Z", "ms": -1984763823246.257 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-02-08T10:21:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-08T07:23:04Z", "ms": -1984840616184.699 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-09T07:40:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-09T04:42:57Z", "ms": -1984763823246.257 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-02-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-08T07:02:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-08T04:04:22Z", "ms": -1984852537632.3547 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-08T07:02:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-08T04:04:22Z", "ms": -1984852537632.3547 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-09T07:01:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-09T04:03:25Z", "ms": -1984766194869.8376 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-09T07:01:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-09T04:03:25Z", "ms": -1984766194869.8376 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:20 on Fri 8 Feb to 07:40 on Sat 9 Feb.", "fact": "1907-02-08T07:23:04Z → 1907-02-09T04:42:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:01 on the 8th and 07:00 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 8th and is on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2372 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 9 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Saturday 9 February. Ekādaśī runs from 10:20 on Fri 8 Feb to 07:40 on Sat 9 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-02-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-02-10", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2477, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-02-11T02:00:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T23:02:44Z", "ms": -1984611435576.8481 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-11T23:14:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-11T20:16:23Z", "ms": -1984535017055.2979 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-02-11T02:00:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T23:02:44Z", "ms": -1984611435576.8481 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-11T23:14:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-11T20:16:23Z", "ms": -1984535017055.2979 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-10T23:55:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T20:57:39Z", "ms": -1984618941156.8687 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-11T00:43:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T21:45:39Z", "ms": -1984616061156.8687 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-02-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-11T23:55:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-11T20:57:40Z", "ms": -1984532540467.6975 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-12T00:43:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-11T21:45:40Z", "ms": -1984529660467.6975 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 02:00 on Mon 11 Feb to 23:13 on Mon 11 Feb.", "fact": "1907-02-10T23:02:44Z → 1907-02-11T20:16:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:55–00:43 on the 10th, 23:55–00:43 on the 11th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither night qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: disputed → tithi-day · margin 2477 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-10", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-10", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahāśivarātri 1907 falls on Sunday 10 February. Caturdaśī runs from 02:00 on Mon 11 Feb to 23:13 on Mon 11 Feb, and reaches niśītha on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-02-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-02-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23657, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-02-10T04:52:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T01:54:02Z", "ms": -1984687558490.6257 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-11T02:00:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T23:02:44Z", "ms": -1984611435576.8481 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-02-10T04:52:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T01:54:02Z", "ms": -1984687558490.6257 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-11T02:00:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T23:02:44Z", "ms": -1984611435576.8481 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-09T17:38:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-09T14:40:48Z", "ms": -1984727951748.6362 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-09T19:25:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-09T16:27:41Z", "ms": -1984721538645.3179 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-10T17:39:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T14:41:51Z", "ms": -1984641488898.0686 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-10T19:26:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-10T16:28:28Z", "ms": -1984635092167.082 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:51 on Sun 10 Feb to 02:00 on Mon 11 Feb.", "fact": "1907-02-10T01:54:02Z → 1907-02-10T23:02:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:38–19:25 on the 9th, 17:39–19:25 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 9th and 107 of 107 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23657 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 10 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Sunday 10 February. Trayodaśī runs from 04:51 on Sun 10 Feb to 02:00 on Mon 11 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-02-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-02-16", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-02-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9005, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-02-15T15:38:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-15T12:40:33Z", "ms": -1984216767088.192 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-16T15:14:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-16T12:16:10Z", "ms": -1984131830076.1475 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-02-15T15:38:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-15T12:40:33Z", "ms": -1984216767088.192 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-16T15:14:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-16T12:16:10Z", "ms": -1984131830076.1475 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-02-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-15T11:56:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-15T08:58:08Z", "ms": -1984230112180.9111 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-15T12:44:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-15T09:46:08Z", "ms": -1984227232180.9111 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-02-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-16T11:56:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-16T08:58:05Z", "ms": -1984143714667.4414 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-16T12:44:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-16T09:46:05Z", "ms": -1984140834667.4414 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:38 on Fri 15 Feb to 15:13 on Sat 16 Feb.", "fact": "1907-02-15T12:40:33Z → 1907-02-16T12:16:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:55–12:43 on the 15th, 11:55–12:43 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9005 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 16 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Saturday 16 February. Caturthī runs from 15:38 on Fri 15 Feb to 15:13 on Sat 16 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-02-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-02-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Śukla Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-02-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8491, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-02-23T01:56:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-22T22:58:33Z", "ms": -1983574886557.765 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-24T04:23:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-24T01:25:08Z", "ms": -1983479691794.969 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-02-23T01:56:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-22T22:58:33Z", "ms": -1983574886557.765 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-24T04:23:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-24T01:25:08Z", "ms": -1983479691794.969 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-23T06:45:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-23T03:47:53Z", "ms": -1983557526629.427 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-23T06:45:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-23T03:47:53Z", "ms": -1983557526629.427 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-24T06:44:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-24T03:46:39Z", "ms": -1983471201276.0427 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-24T06:44:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-24T03:46:39Z", "ms": -1983471201276.0427 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:56 on Sat 23 Feb to 04:22 on Sun 24 Feb.", "fact": "1907-02-22T22:58:33Z → 1907-02-24T01:25:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:45 on the 23rd and 06:44 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8491 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 23 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Saturday 23 February. Ekādaśī runs from 01:56 on Sat 23 Feb to 04:22 on Sun 24 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-02-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-02-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-02-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35772, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-02-25T06:26:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-25T03:28:51Z", "ms": -1983385868586.6875 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-26T07:59:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-26T05:01:44Z", "ms": -1983293895723.0366 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-02-25T06:26:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-25T03:28:51Z", "ms": -1983385868586.6875 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-26T07:59:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-26T05:01:44Z", "ms": -1983293895723.0366 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-02-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-25T17:54:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-25T14:56:59Z", "ms": -1983344581191.7637 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-25T19:37:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-25T16:39:16Z", "ms": -1983338444131.874 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-02-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-02-26T17:55:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-26T14:57:57Z", "ms": -1983258123393.6606 }, "end": { "local": "1907-02-26T19:37:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-02-26T16:39:56Z", "ms": -1983252004340.2886 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:26 on Mon 25 Feb to 07:59 on Tue 26 Feb.", "fact": "1907-02-25T03:28:51Z → 1907-02-26T05:01:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:54–19:36 on the 25th, 17:55–19:37 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 102 of 102 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 102 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35772 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Monday 25 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-02-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Monday 25 February. Trayodaśī runs from 06:26 on Mon 25 Feb to 07:59 on Tue 26 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-02-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-03-03", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31340, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-03-03T07:28:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-03T04:30:01Z", "ms": -1982863799141.8398 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-04T06:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-04T03:07:10Z", "ms": -1982782369919.071 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-03T07:28:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-03T04:30:01Z", "ms": -1982863799141.8398 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-04T06:05:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-04T03:07:10Z", "ms": -1982782369919.071 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-02T20:18:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-02T17:20:43Z", "ms": -1982903957183.3098 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-02T20:18:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-02T17:20:43Z", "ms": -1982903957183.3098 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-03-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-03T21:22:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-03T18:24:50Z", "ms": -1982813709739.9866 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-03T21:22:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-03T18:24:50Z", "ms": -1982813709739.9866 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:27 on Sun 3 Mar to 06:04 on Mon 4 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-03T04:30:01Z → 1907-03-04T03:07:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:18 on the 2nd and 21:22 on the 3rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31340 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 3 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Sunday 3 March. Caturthī runs from 07:27 on Sun 3 Mar to 06:04 on Mon 4 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-03-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-03-10", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35136, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-03-09T18:20:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-09T15:22:24Z", "ms": -1982306256051.8562 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-10T16:11:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-10T13:13:31Z", "ms": -1982227589187.8645 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-09T18:20:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-09T15:22:24Z", "ms": -1982306256051.8562 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-10T16:11:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-10T13:13:31Z", "ms": -1982227589187.8645 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-09T06:27:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-09T03:29:19Z", "ms": -1982349041291.5198 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-09T06:27:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-09T03:29:19Z", "ms": -1982349041291.5198 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-10T06:25:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-10T03:27:55Z", "ms": -1982262725472.992 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-10T06:25:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-10T03:27:55Z", "ms": -1982262725472.992 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:19 on Sat 9 Mar to 16:11 on Sun 10 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-09T15:22:24Z → 1907-03-10T13:13:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:26 on the 9th and 06:25 on the 10th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 9th and is on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35136 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 10 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Sunday 10 March. Ekādaśī runs from 18:19 on Sat 9 Mar to 16:11 on Sun 10 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-03-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-03-11", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14491, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-03-11T14:06:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-11T11:08:29Z", "ms": -1982148690591.0623 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-12T12:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-12T09:11:40Z", "ms": -1982069300446.9 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-11T14:06:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-11T11:08:29Z", "ms": -1982148690591.0623 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-12T12:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-12T09:11:40Z", "ms": -1982069300446.9 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-11T18:08:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-11T15:10:00Z", "ms": -1982134200079.3264 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-11T19:46:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-11T16:48:01Z", "ms": -1982128319419.2463 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-12T18:08:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-12T15:10:54Z", "ms": -1982047746307.492 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-12T19:46:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-12T16:48:36Z", "ms": -1982041884206.249 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 14:05 on Mon 11 Mar to 12:09 on Tue 12 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-11T11:08:29Z → 1907-03-12T09:11:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:07–19:45 on the 11th, 18:08–19:46 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 98 of 98 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 98 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14491 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Monday 11 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Monday 11 March. Trayodaśī runs from 14:05 on Mon 11 Mar to 12:09 on Tue 12 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-03-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-03-12", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35226, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-03-12T12:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-12T09:11:40Z", "ms": -1982069300446.9 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-13T10:26:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-13T07:28:22Z", "ms": -1981989097875.2324 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": true, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-12T12:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-12T09:11:40Z", "ms": -1982069300446.9 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-13T10:26:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-13T07:28:22Z", "ms": -1981989097875.2324 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-11T23:51:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-11T20:53:32Z", "ms": -1982113587604.026 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-12T00:39:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-11T21:41:32Z", "ms": -1982110707604.026 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-12T23:51:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-12T20:53:17Z", "ms": -1982027203427.8313 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-13T00:39:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-12T21:41:17Z", "ms": -1982024323427.8313 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:09 on Tue 12 Mar to 10:25 on Wed 13 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-12T09:11:40Z → 1907-03-13T07:28:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:51–00:39 on the 11th, 23:50–00:38 on the 12th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35226 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 12 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Tuesday 12 March. Caturdaśī runs from 12:09 on Tue 12 Mar to 10:25 on Wed 13 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-03-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-03-17", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11084, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-03-17T07:53:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-17T04:55:04Z", "ms": -1981652695707.3496 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-18T08:45:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-18T05:47:36Z", "ms": -1981563144396.3613 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-17T07:53:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-17T04:55:04Z", "ms": -1981652695707.3496 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-18T08:45:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-18T05:47:36Z", "ms": -1981563144396.3613 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-17T11:50:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-17T08:52:37Z", "ms": -1981638443212.2363 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-17T12:38:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-17T09:40:37Z", "ms": -1981635563212.2363 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-03-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-18T11:50:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-18T08:52:20Z", "ms": -1981552060462.959 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-18T12:38:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-18T09:40:20Z", "ms": -1981549180462.959 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:52 on Sun 17 Mar to 08:45 on Mon 18 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-17T04:55:04Z → 1907-03-18T05:47:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:50–12:38 on the 17th, 11:49–12:37 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11084 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 17 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Sunday 17 March. Caturthī runs from 07:52 on Sun 17 Mar to 08:45 on Mon 18 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-03-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-03-25", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23349, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-03-24T22:01:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-24T19:03:30Z", "ms": -1980996990185.2712 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-25T23:33:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-25T20:35:38Z", "ms": -1980905062432.6245 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-24T22:01:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-24T19:03:30Z", "ms": -1980996990185.2712 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-25T23:33:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-25T20:35:38Z", "ms": -1980905062432.6245 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-25T06:04:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-25T03:06:14Z", "ms": -1980968025589.1296 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-25T06:04:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-25T03:06:14Z", "ms": -1980968025589.1296 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-26T06:02:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-26T03:04:47Z", "ms": -1980881713463.165 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-26T06:02:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-26T03:04:47Z", "ms": -1980881713463.165 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:00 on Sun 24 Mar to 23:33 on Mon 25 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-24T19:03:30Z → 1907-03-25T20:35:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:03 on the 25th and 06:02 on the 26th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 25th and is not on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23349 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Monday 25 March. Ekādaśī runs from 22:00 on Sun 24 Mar to 23:33 on Mon 25 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-03-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-03-27", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16177, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-03-27T00:24:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-26T21:26:04Z", "ms": -1980815636126.275 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-28T00:30:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-27T21:32:30Z", "ms": -1980728850451.1025 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-27T00:24:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-26T21:26:04Z", "ms": -1980815636126.275 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-28T00:30:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-27T21:32:30Z", "ms": -1980728850451.1025 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-26T18:21:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-26T15:23:05Z", "ms": -1980837415228.5884 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-26T19:54:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-26T16:56:27Z", "ms": -1980831813373.6658 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-27T18:21:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-27T15:23:56Z", "ms": -1980750964195.1294 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-27T19:54:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-27T16:56:59Z", "ms": -1980745380851.5315 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:23 on Wed 27 Mar to 00:29 on Thu 28 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-26T21:26:04Z → 1907-03-27T21:32:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:20–19:53 on the 26th, 18:21–19:54 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 93 minutes on the 26th and 93 of 93 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16177 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 27 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Wednesday 27 March. Trayodaśī runs from 00:23 on Wed 27 Mar to 00:29 on Thu 28 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-03-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15522, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-03-28T23:54:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-28T20:56:52Z", "ms": -1980644587722.2776 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-29T22:42:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T19:44:20Z", "ms": -1980562540243.5664 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-28T23:54:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-28T20:56:52Z", "ms": -1980644587722.2776 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-29T22:42:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T19:44:20Z", "ms": -1980562540243.5664 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-28T15:54:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-28T12:56:12Z", "ms": -1980673428428.2769 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-28T18:22:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-28T15:24:47Z", "ms": -1980664513255.8098 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-29T15:54:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T12:56:35Z", "ms": -1980587005283.5664 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-29T18:23:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T15:25:38Z", "ms": -1980578062395.4924 } }, "covered_min": 149, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:54 on Thu 28 Mar to 22:41 on Fri 29 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-28T20:56:52Z → 1907-03-29T19:44:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:53–18:22 on the 28th, 15:54–18:23 on the 29th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 149 minutes on the 28th and 149 of 149 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15522 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Mosul, 1907: Friday 29 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Holikā Dahana 1907 falls on Friday 29 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:54 on Thu 28 Mar to 22:41 on Fri 29 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15522, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-03-28T23:54:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-28T20:56:52Z", "ms": -1980644587722.2776 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-29T22:42:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T19:44:20Z", "ms": -1980562540243.5664 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-28T23:54:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-28T20:56:52Z", "ms": -1980644587722.2776 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-29T22:42:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T19:44:20Z", "ms": -1980562540243.5664 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-28T15:54:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-28T12:56:12Z", "ms": -1980673428428.2769 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-28T18:22:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-28T15:24:47Z", "ms": -1980664513255.8098 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-29T15:54:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T12:56:35Z", "ms": -1980587005283.5664 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-29T18:23:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T15:25:38Z", "ms": -1980578062395.4924 } }, "covered_min": 149, "window_min": 149, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1907-03-29", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 23:54 on Thu 28 Mar to 22:41 on Fri 29 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-28T20:56:52Z → 1907-03-29T19:44:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:53–18:22 on the 28th, 15:54–18:23 on the 29th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 149 minutes on the 28th and 149 of 149 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15522 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Friday 29 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Holī 1907 falls on Saturday 30 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Friday 29 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 23:54 on Thu 28 Mar to 22:41 on Fri 29 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 29th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26076, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1907-03-29T22:42:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T19:44:20Z", "ms": -1980562540243.5664 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-30T20:59:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-30T18:01:58Z", "ms": -1980482281979.3389 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-03-29T22:42:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-29T19:44:20Z", "ms": -1980562540243.5664 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-30T20:59:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-30T18:01:58Z", "ms": -1980482281979.3389 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-30T05:56:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-30T02:58:56Z", "ms": -1980536464437.9155 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-30T05:56:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-30T02:58:56Z", "ms": -1980536464437.9155 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-03-31T05:55:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-31T02:57:28Z", "ms": -1980450151892.341 }, "end": { "local": "1907-03-31T05:55:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-03-31T02:57:28Z", "ms": -1980450151892.341 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 22:41 on Fri 29 Mar to 20:59 on Sat 30 Mar.", "fact": "1907-03-29T19:44:20Z → 1907-03-30T18:01:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:56 on the 30th and 05:54 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is on the 30th and is not on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26076 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vasantotsava 1907 falls on Saturday 30 March. Pratipadā runs from 22:41 on Fri 29 Mar to 20:59 on Sat 30 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-04-01", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17228, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-01T16:37:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-01T13:39:52Z", "ms": -1980325207552.98 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-02T14:13:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-02T11:15:39Z", "ms": -1980247460645.205 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-01T16:37:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-01T13:39:52Z", "ms": -1980325207552.98 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-02T14:13:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-02T11:15:39Z", "ms": -1980247460645.205 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-01T21:25:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-01T18:27:00Z", "ms": -1980307979771.0461 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-01T21:25:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-01T18:27:00Z", "ms": -1980307979771.0461 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-02T22:33:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-02T19:35:30Z", "ms": -1980217470056.5664 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-02T22:33:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-02T19:35:30Z", "ms": -1980217470056.5664 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:37 on Mon 1 Apr to 14:13 on Tue 2 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-01T13:39:52Z → 1907-04-02T11:15:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:24 on the 1st and 22:32 on the 2nd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17228 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 1 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Monday 1 April. Caturthī runs from 16:37 on Mon 1 Apr to 14:13 on Tue 2 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-04-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15903, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-05T07:19:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-05T04:21:50Z", "ms": -1980013089687.2827 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-06T05:19:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-06T02:21:58Z", "ms": -1979933881731.458 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-05T07:19:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-05T04:21:50Z", "ms": -1980013089687.2827 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-06T05:19:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-06T02:21:58Z", "ms": -1979933881731.458 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-05T11:44:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-05T08:46:53Z", "ms": -1979997186565.8323 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-05T12:32:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-05T09:34:53Z", "ms": -1979994306565.8323 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-06T11:44:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-06T08:46:36Z", "ms": -1979910804142.1338 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-06T12:32:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-06T09:34:36Z", "ms": -1979907924142.1338 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 07:19 on Fri 5 Apr to 05:19 on Sat 6 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-05T04:21:50Z → 1907-04-06T02:21:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:44–12:32 on the 5th, 11:44–12:32 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 15903 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 5 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śītalāṣṭamī 1907 falls on Friday 5 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 07:19 on Fri 5 Apr to 05:19 on Sat 6 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-04-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13648, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-08T01:56:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-07T22:58:30Z", "ms": -1979773290225.1724 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-09T00:34:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-08T21:36:26Z", "ms": -1979691814310.2102 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-08T01:56:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-07T22:58:30Z", "ms": -1979773290225.1724 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-09T00:34:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-08T21:36:26Z", "ms": -1979691814310.2102 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-08T05:43:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-08T02:45:58Z", "ms": -1979759642447.5378 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-08T05:43:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-08T02:45:58Z", "ms": -1979759642447.5378 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-09T05:42:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-09T02:44:33Z", "ms": -1979673327181.2903 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-09T05:42:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-09T02:44:33Z", "ms": -1979673327181.2903 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 01:55 on Mon 8 Apr to 00:33 on Tue 9 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-07T22:58:30Z → 1907-04-08T21:36:26Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:43 on the 8th and 05:42 on the 9th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 8th and is not on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13648 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Monday 8 April. Ekādaśī runs from 01:55 on Mon 8 Apr to 00:33 on Tue 9 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-04-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-04-10", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9288, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-09T23:27:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-09T20:29:14Z", "ms": -1979609445654.7598 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-10T22:37:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-10T19:39:22Z", "ms": -1979526037906.0422 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-09T23:27:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-09T20:29:14Z", "ms": -1979609445654.7598 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-10T22:37:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-10T19:39:22Z", "ms": -1979526037906.0422 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-09T18:32:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-09T15:34:56Z", "ms": -1979627104047.4058 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-09T20:02:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-09T17:04:02Z", "ms": -1979621758370.2375 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-10T18:33:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-10T15:35:47Z", "ms": -1979540653133.4854 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-10T20:02:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-10T17:04:35Z", "ms": -1979535325420.098 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:26 on Tue 9 Apr to 22:36 on Wed 10 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-09T20:29:14Z → 1907-04-10T19:39:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:32–20:01 on the 9th, 18:33–20:02 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 89 minutes on the 9th and 89 of 89 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9288 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Wednesday 10 April. Trayodaśī runs from 23:26 on Tue 9 Apr to 22:36 on Wed 10 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-04-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-04-10", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3924, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-10T22:37:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-10T19:39:22Z", "ms": -1979526037906.0422 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-11T22:08:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-11T19:10:13Z", "ms": -1979441387102.523 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-10T22:37:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-10T19:39:22Z", "ms": -1979526037906.0422 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-11T22:08:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-11T19:10:13Z", "ms": -1979441387102.523 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-10T23:42:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-10T20:44:46Z", "ms": -1979522114208.282 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-11T00:30:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-10T21:32:46Z", "ms": -1979519234208.282 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-11T23:42:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-11T20:44:30Z", "ms": -1979435730386.3638 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-12T00:30:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-11T21:32:30Z", "ms": -1979432850386.3638 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:36 on Wed 10 Apr to 22:07 on Thu 11 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-10T19:39:22Z → 1907-04-11T19:10:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:42–00:30 on the 10th, 23:41–00:29 on the 11th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3924 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Wednesday 10 April. Caturdaśī runs from 22:36 on Wed 10 Apr to 22:07 on Thu 11 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-04-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39651, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1907-04-13T18:34:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-13T15:36:45Z", "ms": -1979281394568.5264 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-14T15:34:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-14T12:36:26Z", "ms": -1976613814024.076 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1907-04-13T18:34:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-13T15:36:45Z", "ms": -1979281394568.5264 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-13T18:34:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-13T15:36:45Z", "ms": -1979281394568.5264 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-13T05:36:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-13T02:38:59Z", "ms": -1979328061388.2463 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-14T05:35:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-14T02:37:36Z", "ms": -1979241743626.4392 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-14T05:35:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-14T02:37:36Z", "ms": -1979241743626.4392 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-15T05:34:15+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T02:36:15Z", "ms": -1979155425286.259 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 18:34 on Sat 13 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-13T15:36:45Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:36 on the 13th, and from 05:35 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 39651 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1907-04-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1907-04-13", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vaiśākhī 1907 falls on Saturday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 18:34 on Sat 13 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34374, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1907-04-12T22:03:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-12T19:05:49Z", "ms": -1979355251101.9307 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-13T22:28:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-13T19:30:11Z", "ms": -1979267388843.6147 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-12T22:03:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-12T19:05:49Z", "ms": -1979355251101.9307 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-13T22:28:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-13T19:30:11Z", "ms": -1979267388843.6147 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-12T11:42:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-12T08:44:55Z", "ms": -1979392504884.0603 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-12T12:30:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-12T09:32:55Z", "ms": -1979389624884.0603 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-13T11:42:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-13T08:44:39Z", "ms": -1979306120754.128 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-13T12:30:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-13T09:32:39Z", "ms": -1979303240754.128 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 22:03 on Fri 12 Apr to 22:27 on Sat 13 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-12T19:05:49Z → 1907-04-13T19:30:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 12th, 11:42–12:30 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34374 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Mosul, 1907: Saturday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1907 falls on Saturday 13 April. Pratipadā runs from 22:03 on Fri 12 Apr to 22:27 on Sat 13 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38916, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-04-14T23:24:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-14T20:26:22Z", "ms": -1979177617517.3904 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-16T00:53:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T21:55:17Z", "ms": -1979085882585.938 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-14T23:24:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-14T20:26:22Z", "ms": -1979177617517.3904 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-16T00:53:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T21:55:17Z", "ms": -1979085882585.938 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-15T11:42:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T08:44:08Z", "ms": -1979133351587.5825 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-15T12:30:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T09:32:08Z", "ms": -1979130471587.5825 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-16T11:41:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T08:43:53Z", "ms": -1979046966525.561 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-16T12:29:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T09:31:53Z", "ms": -1979044086525.561 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 23:23 on Sun 14 Apr to 00:52 on Tue 16 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-14T20:26:22Z → 1907-04-15T21:55:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 15th, 11:41–12:29 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 38916 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1907: Monday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1907 falls on Monday 15 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 23:23 on Sun 14 Apr to 00:52 on Tue 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38916, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-04-14T23:24:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-14T20:26:22Z", "ms": -1979177617517.3904 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-16T00:53:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T21:55:17Z", "ms": -1979085882585.938 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-14T23:24:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-14T20:26:22Z", "ms": -1979177617517.3904 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-16T00:53:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T21:55:17Z", "ms": -1979085882585.938 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-15T11:42:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T08:44:08Z", "ms": -1979133351587.5825 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-15T12:30:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T09:32:08Z", "ms": -1979130471587.5825 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-16T11:41:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T08:43:53Z", "ms": -1979046966525.561 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-16T12:29:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T09:31:53Z", "ms": -1979044086525.561 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 23:23 on Sun 14 Apr to 00:52 on Tue 16 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-14T20:26:22Z → 1907-04-15T21:55:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 15th, 11:41–12:29 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38916 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Monday 15 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1907 falls on Monday 15 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 23:23 on Sun 14 Apr to 00:52 on Tue 16 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-04-16", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31748, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-16T00:53:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T21:55:17Z", "ms": -1979085882585.938 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-17T02:52:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T23:54:30Z", "ms": -1978992329513.6304 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-16T00:53:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-15T21:55:17Z", "ms": -1979085882585.938 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-17T02:52:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T23:54:30Z", "ms": -1978992329513.6304 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-16T11:41:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T08:43:53Z", "ms": -1979046966525.561 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-16T12:29:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T09:31:53Z", "ms": -1979044086525.561 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-17T11:41:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-17T08:43:39Z", "ms": -1978960581127.3276 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-17T12:29:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-17T09:31:39Z", "ms": -1978957701127.3276 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:52 on Tue 16 Apr to 02:52 on Wed 17 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-15T21:55:17Z → 1907-04-16T23:54:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 16th, 11:41–12:29 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31748 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 16 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Tuesday 16 April. Caturthī runs from 00:52 on Tue 16 Apr to 02:52 on Wed 17 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-04-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23162, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-17T02:52:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T23:54:30Z", "ms": -1978992329513.6304 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-18T05:15:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-18T02:17:23Z", "ms": -1978897357307.7393 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-17T02:52:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-16T23:54:30Z", "ms": -1978992329513.6304 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-18T05:15:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-18T02:17:23Z", "ms": -1978897357307.7393 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-17T11:41:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-17T08:43:39Z", "ms": -1978960581127.3276 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-17T12:29:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-17T09:31:39Z", "ms": -1978957701127.3276 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-18T11:41:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-18T08:43:25Z", "ms": -1978874195379.9998 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-18T12:29:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-18T09:31:25Z", "ms": -1978871315379.9998 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 02:52 on Wed 17 Apr to 05:14 on Thu 18 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-16T23:54:30Z → 1907-04-18T02:17:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 17th, 11:40–12:28 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23162 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 17 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1907 falls on Wednesday 17 April. Pañcamī runs from 02:52 on Wed 17 Apr to 05:14 on Thu 18 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 717, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-20T10:24:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-20T07:26:34Z", "ms": -1978706005787.0557 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-21T12:40:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-21T09:42:41Z", "ms": -1978611439257.6028 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-20T10:24:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-20T07:26:34Z", "ms": -1978706005787.0557 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-21T12:40:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-21T09:42:41Z", "ms": -1978611439257.6028 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-20T11:40:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-20T08:42:57Z", "ms": -1978701422786.2278 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-20T12:28:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-20T09:30:57Z", "ms": -1978698542786.2278 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-21T11:40:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-21T08:42:44Z", "ms": -1978615035913.769 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-21T12:28:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-21T09:30:44Z", "ms": -1978612155913.769 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 10:24 on Sat 20 Apr to 12:40 on Sun 21 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-20T07:26:34Z → 1907-04-21T09:42:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 20th, 11:40–12:28 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 717 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bhavānī Utpatti 1907 falls on Sunday 21 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 10:24 on Sat 20 Apr to 12:40 on Sun 21 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 717, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-21T12:40:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-21T09:42:41Z", "ms": -1978611439257.6028 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-22T14:24:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-22T11:26:43Z", "ms": -1978518796933.4385 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-21T12:40:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-21T09:42:41Z", "ms": -1978611439257.6028 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-22T14:24:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-22T11:26:43Z", "ms": -1978518796933.4385 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-21T11:40:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-21T08:42:44Z", "ms": -1978615035913.769 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-21T12:28:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-21T09:30:44Z", "ms": -1978612155913.769 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-22T11:40:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-22T08:42:31Z", "ms": -1978528648640.167 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-22T12:28:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-22T09:30:31Z", "ms": -1978525768640.167 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 12:40 on Sun 21 Apr to 14:24 on Mon 22 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-21T09:42:41Z → 1907-04-22T11:26:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 21st, 11:40–12:28 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 717 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-22", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rāma Navamī 1907 falls on Monday 22 April. Navamī runs from 12:40 on Sun 21 Apr to 14:24 on Mon 22 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-04-24", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36124, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-23T15:25:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-23T12:27:50Z", "ms": -1978428729945.2292 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-24T15:38:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-24T12:40:09Z", "ms": -1978341591087.1155 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-23T15:25:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-23T12:27:50Z", "ms": -1978428729945.2292 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-24T15:38:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-24T12:40:09Z", "ms": -1978341591087.1155 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-23T05:23:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-23T02:25:46Z", "ms": -1978464854407.3918 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-23T05:23:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-23T02:25:46Z", "ms": -1978464854407.3918 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-24T05:22:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-24T02:24:30Z", "ms": -1978378529595.045 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-24T05:22:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-24T02:24:30Z", "ms": -1978378529595.045 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:25 on Tue 23 Apr to 15:37 on Wed 24 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-23T12:27:50Z → 1907-04-24T12:40:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:23 on the 23rd and 05:22 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 23rd and is on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36124 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 24 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Wednesday 24 April. Ekādaśī runs from 15:25 on Tue 23 Apr to 15:37 on Wed 24 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-04-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-04-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13541, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-25T15:00:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-25T12:02:54Z", "ms": -1978257426035.0696 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-26T13:37:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T10:39:41Z", "ms": -1978176018559.5288 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-25T15:00:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-25T12:02:54Z", "ms": -1978257426035.0696 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-26T13:37:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T10:39:41Z", "ms": -1978176018559.5288 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-25T18:46:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-25T15:48:35Z", "ms": -1978243884642.755 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-25T20:11:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-25T17:13:03Z", "ms": -1978238817002.2913 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-26T18:47:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T15:49:27Z", "ms": -1978157433194.07 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-26T20:11:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T17:13:38Z", "ms": -1978152382079.3604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:00 on Thu 25 Apr to 13:37 on Fri 26 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-25T12:02:54Z → 1907-04-26T10:39:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:46–20:10 on the 25th, 18:46–20:11 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 84 of 84 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 84 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13541 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 25 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Thursday 25 April. Trayodaśī runs from 15:00 on Thu 25 Apr to 13:37 on Fri 26 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-04-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4197, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-25T15:00:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-25T12:02:54Z", "ms": -1978257426035.0696 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-26T13:37:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T10:39:41Z", "ms": -1978176018559.5288 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-25T15:00:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-25T12:02:54Z", "ms": -1978257426035.0696 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-26T13:37:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T10:39:41Z", "ms": -1978176018559.5288 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-25T11:39:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-25T08:41:56Z", "ms": -1978269484279.3633 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-25T12:27:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-25T09:29:56Z", "ms": -1978266604279.3633 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-26T11:39:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T08:41:45Z", "ms": -1978183095266.674 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-26T12:27:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T09:29:45Z", "ms": -1978180215266.674 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:00 on Thu 25 Apr to 13:37 on Fri 26 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-25T12:02:54Z → 1907-04-26T10:39:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 25th, 11:39–12:27 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4197 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 26 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1907 falls on Friday 26 April. Trayodaśī runs from 15:00 on Thu 25 Apr to 13:37 on Fri 26 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 255, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-26T13:37:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T10:39:41Z", "ms": -1978176018559.5288 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-27T11:35:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-27T08:37:19Z", "ms": -1978096961165.4458 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-26T13:37:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T10:39:41Z", "ms": -1978176018559.5288 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-27T11:35:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-27T08:37:19Z", "ms": -1978096961165.4458 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-26T11:39:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T08:41:45Z", "ms": -1978183095266.674 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-26T12:27:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-26T09:29:45Z", "ms": -1978180215266.674 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-27T11:39:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-27T08:41:34Z", "ms": -1978096705784.033 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-27T12:27:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-27T09:29:34Z", "ms": -1978093825784.033 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:37 on Fri 26 Apr to 11:34 on Sat 27 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-26T10:39:41Z → 1907-04-27T08:37:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 26th, 11:39–12:27 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → second-day · margin 255 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 27 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1907 falls on Saturday 27 April. Caturdaśī runs from 13:37 on Fri 26 Apr to 11:34 on Sat 27 Apr, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day. It is 4 min 15 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 255, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-04-27T11:35:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-27T08:37:19Z", "ms": -1978096961165.4458 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-28T09:02:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-28T06:04:32Z", "ms": -1978019727735.0176 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-27T11:35:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-27T08:37:19Z", "ms": -1978096961165.4458 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-28T09:02:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-28T06:04:32Z", "ms": -1978019727735.0176 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-27T11:39:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-27T08:41:34Z", "ms": -1978096705784.033 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-27T12:27:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-27T09:29:34Z", "ms": -1978093825784.033 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-28T11:39:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-28T08:41:24Z", "ms": -1978010315816.8398 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-28T12:27:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-28T09:29:24Z", "ms": -1978007435816.8398 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:34 on Sat 27 Apr to 09:02 on Sun 28 Apr.", "fact": "1907-04-27T08:37:19Z → 1907-04-28T06:04:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:39–12:27 on the 27th, 11:38–12:26 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 255 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 27 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1907 falls on Saturday 27 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:34 on Sat 27 Apr to 09:02 on Sun 28 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It is 4 min 15 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-04-30", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-04-30", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 5804, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-04-30T23:58:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-30T21:00:51Z", "ms": -1977793149082.435 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-01T20:59:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-01T18:01:44Z", "ms": -1977717495811.5828 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-04-30T23:58:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-30T21:00:51Z", "ms": -1977793149082.435 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-01T20:59:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-01T18:01:44Z", "ms": -1977717495811.5828 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-04-30T21:28:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-30T18:30:25Z", "ms": -1977802174556.4788 }, "end": { "local": "1907-04-30T21:28:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-04-30T18:30:25Z", "ms": -1977802174556.4788 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-01T22:36:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-01T19:38:28Z", "ms": -1977711692055.8005 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-01T22:36:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-01T19:38:28Z", "ms": -1977711692055.8005 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 23:58 on Tue 30 Apr to 20:59 on Wed 1 May.", "fact": "1907-04-30T21:00:51Z → 1907-05-01T18:01:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:27 on the 30th and 22:35 on the 1st.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 30th and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 5804 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 30 April.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-30", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-04-30", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Tuesday 30 April. Caturthī runs from 23:58 on Tue 30 Apr to 20:59 on Wed 1 May, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-04-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-05-08", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16123, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-07T10:00:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-07T07:02:51Z", "ms": -1977238629461.852 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-08T09:35:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-08T06:37:25Z", "ms": -1977153754546.0022 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-07T10:00:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-07T07:02:51Z", "ms": -1977238629461.852 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-08T09:35:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-08T06:37:25Z", "ms": -1977153754546.0022 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-07T05:07:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-07T02:09:43Z", "ms": -1977256216843.0344 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-07T05:07:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-07T02:09:43Z", "ms": -1977256216843.0344 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-08T05:06:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-08T02:08:43Z", "ms": -1977169877099.401 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-08T05:06:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-08T02:08:43Z", "ms": -1977169877099.401 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:00 on Tue 7 May to 09:34 on Wed 8 May.", "fact": "1907-05-07T07:02:51Z → 1907-05-08T06:37:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:07 on the 7th and 05:06 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 7th and is on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16123 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Wednesday 8 May. Ekādaśī runs from 10:00 on Tue 7 May to 09:34 on Wed 8 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-05-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-05-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32572, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-09T09:33:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-09T06:35:55Z", "ms": -1977067445012.9915 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-10T09:56:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-10T06:58:34Z", "ms": -1976979686490.8767 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-09T09:33:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-09T06:35:55Z", "ms": -1977067445012.9915 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-10T09:56:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-10T06:58:34Z", "ms": -1976979686490.8767 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-09T18:58:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-09T16:00:34Z", "ms": -1977033565589.4824 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-09T20:19:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-09T17:21:24Z", "ms": -1977028716011.2532 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-10T18:59:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-10T16:01:25Z", "ms": -1976947114775.125 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-10T20:20:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-10T17:22:01Z", "ms": -1976942279485.4705 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:33 on Thu 9 May to 09:56 on Fri 10 May.", "fact": "1907-05-09T06:35:55Z → 1907-05-10T06:58:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:58–20:18 on the 9th, 18:58–20:19 on the 10th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 81 of 81 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 81 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32572 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 9 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Thursday 9 May. Trayodaśī runs from 09:33 on Thu 9 May to 09:56 on Fri 10 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-05-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-05-10", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34253, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-10T09:56:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-10T06:58:34Z", "ms": -1976979686490.8767 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-11T10:44:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-11T07:46:03Z", "ms": -1976890436557.4912 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-10T09:56:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-10T06:58:34Z", "ms": -1976979686490.8767 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-11T10:44:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-11T07:46:03Z", "ms": -1976890436557.4912 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-09T23:37:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-09T20:39:40Z", "ms": -1977016819671.1226 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-10T00:25:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-09T21:27:40Z", "ms": -1977013939671.1226 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-10T23:37:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-10T20:39:38Z", "ms": -1976930422438.9207 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-11T00:25:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-10T21:27:38Z", "ms": -1976927542438.9207 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 09:56 on Fri 10 May to 10:43 on Sat 11 May.", "fact": "1907-05-10T06:58:34Z → 1907-05-11T07:46:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:37–00:25 on the 9th, 23:37–00:25 on the 10th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34253 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Friday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Friday 10 May. Caturdaśī runs from 09:56 on Fri 10 May to 10:43 on Sat 11 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-05-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3717, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-05-14T15:38:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-14T12:40:51Z", "ms": -1976613549085.8506 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-15T18:01:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T15:03:39Z", "ms": -1976518581301.265 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-14T15:38:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-14T12:40:51Z", "ms": -1976613549085.8506 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-15T18:01:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T15:03:39Z", "ms": -1976518581301.265 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-14T19:02:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-14T16:04:46Z", "ms": -1976601313610.292 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-14T20:22:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-14T17:24:27Z", "ms": -1976596533370.1052 } }, "covered_min": 80, "window_min": 80, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-15T19:03:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T16:05:36Z", "ms": -1976514863986.5093 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-15T20:23:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T17:25:03Z", "ms": -1976510096948.9587 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 79, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 15:38 on Tue 14 May to 18:01 on Wed 15 May.", "fact": "1907-05-14T12:40:51Z → 1907-05-15T15:03:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:02–20:21 on the 14th, 19:03–20:22 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 80 of 80 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 79 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3717 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 14 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1907 falls on Tuesday 14 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 15:38 on Tue 14 May to 18:01 on Wed 15 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21429, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-05-14T15:38:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-14T12:40:51Z", "ms": -1976613549085.8506 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-15T18:01:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T15:03:39Z", "ms": -1976518581301.265 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-14T15:38:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-14T12:40:51Z", "ms": -1976613549085.8506 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-15T18:01:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T15:03:39Z", "ms": -1976518581301.265 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-14T05:01:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-14T02:03:09Z", "ms": -1976651810979.5408 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-14T09:41:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-14T06:43:41Z", "ms": -1976634978523.1245 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 281, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-15T05:00:18+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T02:02:18Z", "ms": -1976565461808.8909 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-15T09:41:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T06:43:24Z", "ms": -1976548595868.097 } }, "covered_min": 281, "window_min": 281, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 15:38 on Tue 14 May to 18:01 on Wed 15 May.", "fact": "1907-05-14T12:40:51Z → 1907-05-15T15:03:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:00–09:41 on the 14th, 04:59–09:40 on the 15th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 281 minutes on the 14th and 281 of 281 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21429 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 15 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1907 falls on Wednesday 15 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 15:38 on Tue 14 May to 18:01 on Wed 15 May and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-05-16", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20142, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-15T18:01:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T15:03:39Z", "ms": -1976518581301.265 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-16T20:36:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-16T17:38:52Z", "ms": -1976422867513.7498 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-15T18:01:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T15:03:39Z", "ms": -1976518581301.265 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-16T20:36:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-16T17:38:52Z", "ms": -1976422867513.7498 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-15T11:37:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T08:39:57Z", "ms": -1976541602897.7002 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-15T12:25:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-15T09:27:57Z", "ms": -1976538722897.7002 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-16T11:37:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-16T08:39:57Z", "ms": -1976455202947.6301 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-16T12:25:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-16T09:27:57Z", "ms": -1976452322947.6301 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:01 on Wed 15 May to 20:36 on Thu 16 May.", "fact": "1907-05-15T15:03:39Z → 1907-05-16T17:38:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 15th, 11:37–12:25 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20142 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 16 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Thursday 16 May. Caturthī runs from 18:01 on Wed 15 May to 20:36 on Thu 16 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-05-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29455, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-16T20:36:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-16T17:38:52Z", "ms": -1976422867513.7498 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-17T23:13:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-17T20:15:45Z", "ms": -1976327055038.4832 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-16T20:36:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-16T17:38:52Z", "ms": -1976422867513.7498 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-17T23:13:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-17T20:15:45Z", "ms": -1976327055038.4832 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-16T11:37:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-16T08:39:57Z", "ms": -1976455202947.6301 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-16T12:25:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-16T09:27:57Z", "ms": -1976452322947.6301 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-17T11:37:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-17T08:39:58Z", "ms": -1976368802450.0908 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-17T12:25:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-17T09:27:58Z", "ms": -1976365922450.0908 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 20:36 on Thu 16 May to 23:13 on Fri 17 May.", "fact": "1907-05-16T17:38:52Z → 1907-05-17T20:15:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 16th, 11:37–12:25 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29455 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 17 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1907 falls on Friday 17 May. Pañcamī runs from 20:36 on Thu 16 May to 23:13 on Fri 17 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28750, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-19T01:39:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-18T22:41:03Z", "ms": -1976231937186.0718 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-20T03:38:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-20T00:40:52Z", "ms": -1976138348005.9607 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-19T01:39:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-18T22:41:03Z", "ms": -1976231937186.0718 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-20T03:38:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-20T00:40:52Z", "ms": -1976138348005.9607 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-19T11:38:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-19T08:40:00Z", "ms": -1976195999836.121 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-19T12:26:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-19T09:28:00Z", "ms": -1976193119836.121 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-20T11:38:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-20T08:40:02Z", "ms": -1976109597732.3218 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-20T12:26:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-20T09:28:02Z", "ms": -1976106717732.3218 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 01:38 on Sun 19 May to 03:38 on Mon 20 May.", "fact": "1907-05-18T22:41:03Z → 1907-05-20T00:40:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 19th, 11:37–12:25 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28750 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 19 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1907 falls on Sunday 19 May. Saptamī runs from 01:38 on Sun 19 May to 03:38 on Mon 20 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-05-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1522, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-23T05:19:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-23T02:21:47Z", "ms": -1975873093247.7585 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-24T04:12:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T01:14:35Z", "ms": -1975790724682.6167 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-23T05:19:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-23T02:21:47Z", "ms": -1975873093247.7585 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-24T04:12:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T01:14:35Z", "ms": -1975790724682.6167 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-23T04:54:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-23T01:56:25Z", "ms": -1975874615142.35 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-23T04:54:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-23T01:56:25Z", "ms": -1975874615142.35 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-24T04:53:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T01:55:48Z", "ms": -1975788252353.0981 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-24T04:53:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T01:55:48Z", "ms": -1975788252353.0981 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:19 on Thu 23 May to 04:12 on Fri 24 May.", "fact": "1907-05-23T02:21:47Z → 1907-05-24T01:14:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:53 on the 23rd and 04:53 on the 24th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 1522 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 23 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Thursday 23 May. Ekādaśī runs from 05:19 on Thu 23 May to 04:12 on Fri 24 May, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-05-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26741, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-24T04:12:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T01:14:35Z", "ms": -1975790724682.6167 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T02:18:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T23:20:34Z", "ms": -1975711166440.7168 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-24T04:12:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T01:14:35Z", "ms": -1975790724682.6167 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T02:18:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T23:20:34Z", "ms": -1975711166440.7168 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-24T11:38:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T08:40:16Z", "ms": -1975763984162.4248 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-24T12:26:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T09:28:16Z", "ms": -1975761104162.4248 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-25T11:38:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T08:40:20Z", "ms": -1975677579514.8599 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T12:26:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T09:28:20Z", "ms": -1975674699514.8599 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:12 on Fri 24 May to 02:18 on Sat 25 May.", "fact": "1907-05-24T01:14:35Z → 1907-05-24T23:20:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 24th, 11:37–12:25 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26741 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1907 falls on Friday 24 May. Dvādaśī runs from 04:12 on Fri 24 May to 02:18 on Sat 25 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26741, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-24T04:12:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T01:14:35Z", "ms": -1975790724682.6167 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T02:18:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T23:20:34Z", "ms": -1975711166440.7168 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-24T04:12:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T01:14:35Z", "ms": -1975790724682.6167 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T02:18:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T23:20:34Z", "ms": -1975711166440.7168 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-24T11:38:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T08:40:16Z", "ms": -1975763984162.4248 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-24T12:26:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T09:28:16Z", "ms": -1975761104162.4248 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-25T11:38:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T08:40:20Z", "ms": -1975677579514.8599 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T12:26:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T09:28:20Z", "ms": -1975674699514.8599 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:12 on Fri 24 May to 02:18 on Sat 25 May.", "fact": "1907-05-24T01:14:35Z → 1907-05-24T23:20:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 24th, 11:37–12:25 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26741 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 24 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1907 falls on Friday 24 May. Dvādaśī runs from 04:12 on Fri 24 May to 02:18 on Sat 25 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-05-25", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11753, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-25T02:18:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T23:20:34Z", "ms": -1975711166440.7168 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T23:44:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T20:46:51Z", "ms": -1975633988754.371 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-25T02:18:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T23:20:34Z", "ms": -1975711166440.7168 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T23:44:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T20:46:51Z", "ms": -1975633988754.371 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-24T19:10:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T16:12:44Z", "ms": -1975736835971.7517 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-24T20:28:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-24T17:30:24Z", "ms": -1975732176236.331 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-25T19:11:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T16:13:29Z", "ms": -1975650391073.6226 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T20:28:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T17:30:58Z", "ms": -1975645741854.9736 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:18 on Sat 25 May to 23:44 on Sat 25 May.", "fact": "1907-05-24T23:20:34Z → 1907-05-25T20:46:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:10–20:27 on the 24th, 19:10–20:28 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 24th and 77 of 77 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11753 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 25 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Saturday 25 May. Trayodaśī runs from 02:18 on Sat 25 May to 23:44 on Sat 25 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-05-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 660, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-25T23:44:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T20:46:51Z", "ms": -1975633988754.371 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-26T20:40:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T17:42:32Z", "ms": -1975558648076.3413 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-25T23:44:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T20:46:51Z", "ms": -1975633988754.371 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-26T20:40:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T17:42:32Z", "ms": -1975558648076.3413 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-25T19:11:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T16:13:29Z", "ms": -1975650391073.6226 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-25T20:28:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-25T17:30:58Z", "ms": -1975645741854.9736 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-26T19:12:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T16:14:13Z", "ms": -1975563946822.0142 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-26T20:29:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T17:31:32Z", "ms": -1975559307814.9421 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:44 on Sat 25 May to 20:40 on Sun 26 May.", "fact": "1907-05-25T20:46:51Z → 1907-05-26T17:42:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:10–20:28 on the 25th, 19:11–20:29 on the 26th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 77 minutes on the 25th and 77 of 77 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 660 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 26 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1907 falls on Sunday 26 May. Caturdaśī runs from 23:44 on Sat 25 May to 20:40 on Sun 26 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17347, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-05-26T20:40:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T17:42:32Z", "ms": -1975558648076.3413 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-27T17:15:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-27T14:17:38Z", "ms": -1975484541561.9768 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-26T20:40:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T17:42:32Z", "ms": -1975558648076.3413 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-27T17:15:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-27T14:17:38Z", "ms": -1975484541561.9768 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-26T11:38:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T08:40:26Z", "ms": -1975591174377.885 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-26T12:26:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T09:28:26Z", "ms": -1975588294377.885 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-27T11:38:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-27T08:40:31Z", "ms": -1975504768757.49 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-27T12:26:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-27T09:28:31Z", "ms": -1975501888757.49 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:40 on Sun 26 May to 17:15 on Mon 27 May.", "fact": "1907-05-26T17:42:32Z → 1907-05-27T14:17:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 26th, 11:38–12:26 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17347 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1907: Monday 27 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1907 falls on Monday 27 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:40 on Sun 26 May to 17:15 on Mon 27 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17347, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-05-26T20:40:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T17:42:32Z", "ms": -1975558648076.3413 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-27T17:15:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-27T14:17:38Z", "ms": -1975484541561.9768 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-26T20:40:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T17:42:32Z", "ms": -1975558648076.3413 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-27T17:15:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-27T14:17:38Z", "ms": -1975484541561.9768 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-26T11:38:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T08:40:26Z", "ms": -1975591174377.885 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-26T12:26:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-26T09:28:26Z", "ms": -1975588294377.885 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-27T11:38:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-27T08:40:31Z", "ms": -1975504768757.49 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-27T12:26:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-27T09:28:31Z", "ms": -1975501888757.49 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:40 on Sun 26 May to 17:15 on Mon 27 May.", "fact": "1907-05-26T17:42:32Z → 1907-05-27T14:17:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 26th, 11:38–12:26 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17347 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Monday 27 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1907 falls on Monday 27 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:40 on Sun 26 May to 17:15 on Mon 27 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-05-30", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18227, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-05-30T06:39:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-30T03:41:13Z", "ms": -1975263527024.7637 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-31T03:30:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-31T00:32:52Z", "ms": -1975188427552.1592 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-05-30T06:39:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-30T03:41:13Z", "ms": -1975263527024.7637 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-31T03:30:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-31T00:32:52Z", "ms": -1975188427552.1592 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-29T21:25:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-29T18:27:55Z", "ms": -1975296724874.5115 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-29T21:25:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-29T18:27:55Z", "ms": -1975296724874.5115 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-05-30T22:27:06+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-30T19:29:06Z", "ms": -1975206654150.4827 }, "end": { "local": "1907-05-30T22:27:06+02:58", "utc": "1907-05-30T19:29:06Z", "ms": -1975206654150.4827 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 06:38 on Thu 30 May to 03:30 on Fri 31 May.", "fact": "1907-05-30T03:41:13Z → 1907-05-31T00:32:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:25 on the 29th and 22:26 on the 30th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18227 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Thursday 30 May. Caturthī runs from 06:38 on Thu 30 May to 03:30 on Fri 31 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-05-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-06-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31441, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-05T19:26:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-05T16:28:54Z", "ms": -1974699065572.7034 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-06T20:04:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-06T17:06:02Z", "ms": -1974610438298.6736 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-05T19:26:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-05T16:28:54Z", "ms": -1974699065572.7034 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-06T20:04:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-06T17:06:02Z", "ms": -1974610438298.6736 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-06T04:48:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-06T01:50:16Z", "ms": -1974665384216.0696 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-06T04:48:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-06T01:50:16Z", "ms": -1974665384216.0696 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-07T04:48:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-07T01:50:02Z", "ms": -1974578997685.1697 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-07T04:48:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-07T01:50:02Z", "ms": -1974578997685.1697 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:26 on Wed 5 Jun to 20:03 on Thu 6 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-05T16:28:54Z → 1907-06-06T17:06:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:47 on the 6th and 04:47 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 6th and is not on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31441 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aparā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Thursday 6 June. Ekādaśī runs from 19:26 on Wed 5 Jun to 20:03 on Thu 6 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-06-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-06-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2049, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-07T21:09:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-07T18:11:53Z", "ms": -1974520086619.0623 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-08T22:41:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-08T19:43:22Z", "ms": -1974428197723.2642 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-07T21:09:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-07T18:11:53Z", "ms": -1974520086619.0623 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-08T22:41:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-08T19:43:22Z", "ms": -1974428197723.2642 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-07T19:20:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-07T16:22:02Z", "ms": -1974526677636.607 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-07T20:35:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-07T17:37:45Z", "ms": -1974522135207.2832 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-08T19:20:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-08T16:22:35Z", "ms": -1974440244773.0776 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-08T20:36:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-08T17:38:12Z", "ms": -1974435708058.7827 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:09 on Fri 7 Jun to 22:40 on Sat 8 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-07T18:11:53Z → 1907-06-08T19:43:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:19–20:35 on the 7th, 19:20–20:35 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 76 minutes on the 7th and 76 of 76 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2049 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Saturday 8 June. Trayodaśī runs from 21:09 on Fri 7 Jun to 22:40 on Sat 8 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-06-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-06-08", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-08", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 413, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-08T22:41:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-08T19:43:22Z", "ms": -1974428197723.2642 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-10T00:35:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-09T21:37:13Z", "ms": -1974334967359.6958 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-08T22:41:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-08T19:43:22Z", "ms": -1974428197723.2642 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-10T00:35:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-09T21:37:13Z", "ms": -1974334967359.6958 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-08T23:40:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-08T20:42:08Z", "ms": -1974424672094.4717 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-09T00:28:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-08T21:30:08Z", "ms": -1974421792094.4717 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-06-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-09T23:40:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-09T20:42:20Z", "ms": -1974338260370.0598 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-10T00:28:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-09T21:30:20Z", "ms": -1974335380370.0598 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 22:40 on Sat 8 Jun to 00:34 on Mon 10 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-08T19:43:22Z → 1907-06-09T21:37:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:39–00:27 on the 8th, 23:39–00:27 on the 9th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 413 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-08", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Saturday 8 June. Caturdaśī runs from 22:40 on Sat 8 Jun to 00:34 on Mon 10 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the next night for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-06-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4538, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-06-13T07:49:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-13T04:51:45Z", "ms": -1974049694729.9727 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-14T10:25:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-14T07:27:44Z", "ms": -1973953936420.6497 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-13T07:49:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-13T04:51:45Z", "ms": -1974049694729.9727 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-14T10:25:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-14T07:27:44Z", "ms": -1973953936420.6497 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-13T11:41:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-13T08:43:10Z", "ms": -1974035810304.859 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-13T12:29:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-13T09:31:10Z", "ms": -1974032930304.859 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-14T11:41:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-14T08:43:22Z", "ms": -1973949398325.31 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-14T12:29:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-14T09:31:22Z", "ms": -1973946518325.31 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 07:49 on Thu 13 Jun to 10:25 on Fri 14 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-13T04:51:45Z → 1907-06-14T07:27:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 13th, 11:40–12:28 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4538 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 13 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1907 falls on Thursday 13 June. Tṛtīyā runs from 07:49 on Thu 13 Jun to 10:25 on Fri 14 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-06-14", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-14", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1414, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-14T10:25:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-14T07:27:44Z", "ms": -1973953936420.6497 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-15T12:53:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-15T09:55:08Z", "ms": -1973858692267.348 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-14T10:25:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-14T07:27:44Z", "ms": -1973953936420.6497 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-15T12:53:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-15T09:55:08Z", "ms": -1973858692267.348 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-14T11:41:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-14T08:43:22Z", "ms": -1973949398325.31 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-14T12:29:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-14T09:31:22Z", "ms": -1973946518325.31 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-06-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-15T11:41:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-15T08:43:34Z", "ms": -1973862986196.7412 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-15T12:29:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-15T09:31:34Z", "ms": -1973860106196.7412 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:25 on Fri 14 Jun to 12:52 on Sat 15 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-14T07:27:44Z → 1907-06-15T09:55:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 14th, 11:41–12:29 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1414 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 14 June.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-14", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-14", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Friday 14 June. Caturthī runs from 10:25 on Fri 14 Jun to 12:52 on Sat 15 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-06-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9100, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-16T15:01:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-16T12:03:26Z", "ms": -1973764594222.686 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-17T16:40:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-17T13:42:02Z", "ms": -1973672278266.6401 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-16T15:01:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-16T12:03:26Z", "ms": -1973764594222.686 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-17T16:40:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-17T13:42:02Z", "ms": -1973672278266.6401 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-16T11:41:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-16T08:43:46Z", "ms": -1973776573944.2231 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-16T12:29:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-16T09:31:46Z", "ms": -1973773693944.2231 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-17T11:41:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-17T08:43:58Z", "ms": -1973690161592.689 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-17T12:29:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-17T09:31:58Z", "ms": -1973687281592.689 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:00 on Sun 16 Jun to 16:39 on Mon 17 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-16T12:03:26Z → 1907-06-17T13:42:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 16th, 11:41–12:29 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9100 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Monday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1907 falls on Monday 17 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:00 on Sun 16 Jun to 16:39 on Mon 17 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9100, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-16T15:01:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-16T12:03:26Z", "ms": -1973764594222.686 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-17T16:40:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-17T13:42:02Z", "ms": -1973672278266.6401 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-16T15:01:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-16T12:03:26Z", "ms": -1973764594222.686 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-17T16:40:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-17T13:42:02Z", "ms": -1973672278266.6401 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-16T11:41:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-16T08:43:46Z", "ms": -1973776573944.2231 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-16T12:29:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-16T09:31:46Z", "ms": -1973773693944.2231 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-06-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-17T11:41:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-17T08:43:58Z", "ms": -1973690161592.689 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-17T12:29:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-17T09:31:58Z", "ms": -1973687281592.689 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:00 on Sun 16 Jun to 16:39 on Mon 17 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-16T12:03:26Z → 1907-06-17T13:42:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 16th, 11:41–12:29 on the 17th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9100 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Mosul, 1907: Monday 17 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1907 falls on Monday 17 June. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 15:00 on Sun 16 Jun to 16:39 on Mon 17 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-06-22", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32443, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-21T15:56:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-21T12:58:09Z", "ms": -1973329311123.2952 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-22T13:48:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-22T10:50:46Z", "ms": -1973250554038.357 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-21T15:56:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-21T12:58:09Z", "ms": -1973329311123.2952 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-22T13:48:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-22T10:50:46Z", "ms": -1973250554038.357 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-21T04:47:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-21T01:49:52Z", "ms": -1973369408248.5815 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-21T04:47:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-21T01:49:52Z", "ms": -1973369408248.5815 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-22T04:48:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-22T01:50:03Z", "ms": -1973282996860.4717 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-22T04:48:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-22T01:50:03Z", "ms": -1973282996860.4717 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:55 on Fri 21 Jun to 13:48 on Sat 22 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-21T12:58:09Z → 1907-06-22T10:50:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:47 on the 21st and 04:47 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 21st and is on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32443 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 22 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Saturday 22 June. Ekādaśī runs from 15:55 on Fri 21 Jun to 13:48 on Sat 22 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-06-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2397, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-22T13:48:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-22T10:50:46Z", "ms": -1973250554038.357 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-23T11:03:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-23T08:05:16Z", "ms": -1973174083542.8796 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-22T13:48:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-22T10:50:46Z", "ms": -1973250554038.357 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-23T11:03:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-23T08:05:16Z", "ms": -1973174083542.8796 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-22T11:43:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-22T08:45:01Z", "ms": -1973258099195.5488 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-22T12:31:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-22T09:33:01Z", "ms": -1973255219195.5488 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-23T11:43:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-23T08:45:13Z", "ms": -1973171686747.359 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-23T12:31:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-23T09:33:13Z", "ms": -1973168806747.359 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 13:48 on Sat 22 Jun to 11:02 on Sun 23 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-22T10:50:46Z → 1907-06-23T08:05:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 22nd, 11:42–12:30 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 2397 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 23 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1907 falls on Sunday 23 June. Dvādaśī runs from 13:48 on Sat 22 Jun to 11:02 on Sun 23 Jun, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-06-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30174, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-23T11:03:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-23T08:05:16Z", "ms": -1973174083542.8796 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-24T07:47:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-24T04:49:51Z", "ms": -1973099409047.205 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-23T11:03:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-23T08:05:16Z", "ms": -1973174083542.8796 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-24T07:47:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-24T04:49:51Z", "ms": -1973099409047.205 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-23T19:26:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-23T16:28:10Z", "ms": -1973143909541.0186 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-23T20:41:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-23T17:43:09Z", "ms": -1973139410875.5725 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-24T19:26:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-24T16:28:21Z", "ms": -1973057499165.448 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-24T20:41:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-24T17:43:20Z", "ms": -1973052999766.3386 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:02 on Sun 23 Jun to 07:47 on Mon 24 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-23T08:05:16Z → 1907-06-24T04:49:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:25–20:40 on the 23rd, 19:25–20:40 on the 24th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 75 of 75 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 75 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30174 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 23 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Sunday 23 June. Trayodaśī runs from 11:02 on Sun 23 Jun to 07:47 on Mon 24 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-06-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13405, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-06-25T04:11:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-25T01:13:47Z", "ms": -1973025972990.8853 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-26T00:24:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-25T21:26:55Z", "ms": -1972953184507.6118 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-25T04:11:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-25T01:13:47Z", "ms": -1973025972990.8853 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-26T00:24:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-25T21:26:55Z", "ms": -1972953184507.6118 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-24T19:26:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-24T16:28:21Z", "ms": -1973057499165.448 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-24T20:41:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-24T17:43:20Z", "ms": -1973052999766.3386 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-06-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-25T19:26:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-25T16:28:30Z", "ms": -1972971090418.6458 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-25T20:41:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-25T17:43:30Z", "ms": -1972966589875.0989 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:11 on Tue 25 Jun to 00:24 on Wed 26 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-25T01:13:47Z → 1907-06-25T21:26:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:25–20:40 on the 24th, 19:25–20:41 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 75 minutes on the 24th and 75 of 75 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13405 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 25 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1907 falls on Tuesday 25 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:11 on Tue 25 Jun to 00:24 on Wed 26 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-06-28", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-06-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30076, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-06-28T13:37:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-28T10:39:58Z", "ms": -1972732801993.0212 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-29T10:44:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-29T07:46:00Z", "ms": -1972656840011.9636 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-06-28T13:37:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-28T10:39:58Z", "ms": -1972732801993.0212 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-29T10:44:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-29T07:46:00Z", "ms": -1972656840011.9636 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-28T21:59:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-28T19:01:14Z", "ms": -1972702726436.289 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-28T21:59:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-28T19:01:14Z", "ms": -1972702726436.289 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-06-29T22:42:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-29T19:44:20Z", "ms": -1972613740430.9172 }, "end": { "local": "1907-06-29T22:42:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-06-29T19:44:20Z", "ms": -1972613740430.9172 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:37 on Fri 28 Jun to 10:43 on Sat 29 Jun.", "fact": "1907-06-28T10:39:58Z → 1907-06-29T07:46:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:58 on the 28th and 22:41 on the 29th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30076 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 28 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-06-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Friday 28 June. Caturthī runs from 13:37 on Fri 28 Jun to 10:43 on Sat 29 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-06-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-07-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7864, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-07-05T07:03:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-05T04:05:45Z", "ms": -1972151655467.8284 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-06T08:42:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-06T05:44:08Z", "ms": -1972059351831.9204 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-05T07:03:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-05T04:05:45Z", "ms": -1972151655467.8284 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-06T08:42:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-06T05:44:08Z", "ms": -1972059351831.9204 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-05T04:52:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-05T01:54:41Z", "ms": -1972159519189.5403 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-05T04:52:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-05T01:54:41Z", "ms": -1972159519189.5403 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-06T04:53:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-06T01:55:11Z", "ms": -1972073088819.7915 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-06T04:53:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-06T01:55:11Z", "ms": -1972073088819.7915 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 07:03 on Fri 5 Jul to 08:41 on Sat 6 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-05T04:05:45Z → 1907-07-06T05:44:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:52 on the 5th and 04:52 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7864 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 6 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Saturday 6 July. Ekādaśī runs from 07:03 on Fri 5 Jul to 08:41 on Sat 6 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-07-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-07-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22692, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-07-07T10:45:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-07T07:47:57Z", "ms": -1971965523487.6702 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-08T13:07:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-08T10:09:38Z", "ms": -1971870622461.822 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-07T10:45:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-07T07:47:57Z", "ms": -1971965523487.6702 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-08T13:07:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-08T10:09:38Z", "ms": -1971870622461.822 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-07T19:26:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-07T16:28:03Z", "ms": -1971934316661.8416 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-07T20:41:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-07T17:43:49Z", "ms": -1971929771075.7769 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-08T19:25:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-08T16:27:50Z", "ms": -1971847930066.3591 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-08T20:41:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-08T17:43:42Z", "ms": -1971843378212.442 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 10:45 on Sun 7 Jul to 13:07 on Mon 8 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-07T07:47:57Z → 1907-07-08T10:09:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:25–20:41 on the 7th, 19:25–20:41 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 76 of 76 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 76 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22692 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 7 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Sunday 7 July. Trayodaśī runs from 10:45 on Sun 7 Jul to 13:07 on Mon 8 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-07-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-07-08", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29208, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-07-08T13:07:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-08T10:09:38Z", "ms": -1971870622461.822 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-09T15:39:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-09T12:41:41Z", "ms": -1971775098779.8557 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-08T13:07:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-08T10:09:38Z", "ms": -1971870622461.822 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-09T15:39:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-09T12:41:41Z", "ms": -1971775098779.8557 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-08T23:46:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-08T20:48:19Z", "ms": -1971832300614.1697 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-09T00:34:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-08T21:36:19Z", "ms": -1971829420614.1697 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-09T23:46:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-09T20:48:29Z", "ms": -1971745890892.8833 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-10T00:34:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-09T21:36:29Z", "ms": -1971743010892.8833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:07 on Mon 8 Jul to 15:39 on Tue 9 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-08T10:09:38Z → 1907-07-09T12:41:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:45–00:33 on the 8th, 23:45–00:33 on the 9th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29208 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Monday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Monday 8 July. Caturdaśī runs from 13:07 on Mon 8 Jul to 15:39 on Tue 9 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-07-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29514, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-07-11T20:46:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-11T17:48:23Z", "ms": -1971583896701.083 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-12T23:07:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-12T20:09:19Z", "ms": -1971489040649.5032 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-11T20:46:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-11T17:48:23Z", "ms": -1971583896701.083 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-12T23:07:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-12T20:09:19Z", "ms": -1971489040649.5032 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-11T11:46:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-11T08:48:29Z", "ms": -1971616290909.6443 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-11T12:34:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-11T09:36:29Z", "ms": -1971613410909.6443 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-07-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-12T11:46:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-12T08:48:37Z", "ms": -1971529882888.6914 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-12T12:34:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-12T09:36:37Z", "ms": -1971527002888.6914 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 20:45 on Thu 11 Jul to 23:06 on Fri 12 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-11T17:48:23Z → 1907-07-12T20:09:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 11th, 11:46–12:34 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29514 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Mosul, 1907: Friday 12 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rathayātrā 1907 falls on Friday 12 July. Dvitīyā runs from 20:45 on Thu 11 Jul to 23:06 on Fri 12 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-07-14", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32181, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-07-14T01:10:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-13T22:12:58Z", "ms": -1971395222416.8738 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-15T02:50:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-14T23:52:37Z", "ms": -1971302842785.898 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-14T01:10:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-13T22:12:58Z", "ms": -1971395222416.8738 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-15T02:50:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-14T23:52:37Z", "ms": -1971302842785.898 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-14T11:46:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-14T08:48:52Z", "ms": -1971357068187.046 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-14T12:34:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-14T09:36:52Z", "ms": -1971354188187.046 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-15T11:46:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-15T08:48:58Z", "ms": -1971270661542.8735 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-15T12:34:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-15T09:36:58Z", "ms": -1971267781542.8735 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:10 on Sun 14 Jul to 02:50 on Mon 15 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-13T22:12:58Z → 1907-07-14T23:52:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 14th, 11:46–12:34 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32181 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 14 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Sunday 14 July. Caturthī runs from 01:10 on Sun 14 Jul to 02:50 on Mon 15 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-07-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28024, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1907-07-15T02:50:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-14T23:52:37Z", "ms": -1971302842785.898 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-16T04:00:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-16T01:02:00Z", "ms": -1971212279645.3057 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-15T02:50:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-14T23:52:37Z", "ms": -1971302842785.898 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-16T04:00:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-16T01:02:00Z", "ms": -1971212279645.3057 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-15T11:46:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-15T08:48:58Z", "ms": -1971270661542.8735 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-15T12:34:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-15T09:36:58Z", "ms": -1971267781542.8735 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-16T11:47:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-16T08:49:05Z", "ms": -1971184255392.417 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-16T12:35:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-16T09:37:05Z", "ms": -1971181375392.417 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 02:50 on Mon 15 Jul to 03:59 on Tue 16 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-14T23:52:37Z → 1907-07-16T01:02:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 15th, 11:46–12:34 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 28024 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 15 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Skanda Pañcamī 1907 falls on Monday 15 July. Pañcamī runs from 02:50 on Mon 15 Jul to 03:59 on Tue 16 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26007, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1907-07-17T04:33:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-17T01:35:43Z", "ms": -1971123857085.9526 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-18T04:27:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-18T01:29:50Z", "ms": -1971037809641.4565 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-17T04:33:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-17T01:35:43Z", "ms": -1971123857085.9526 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-18T04:27:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-18T01:29:50Z", "ms": -1971037809641.4565 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-17T11:47:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-17T08:49:10Z", "ms": -1971097849751.1514 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-17T12:35:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-17T09:37:10Z", "ms": -1971094969751.1514 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-18T11:47:15+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-18T08:49:15Z", "ms": -1971011444633.204 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-18T12:35:15+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-18T09:37:15Z", "ms": -1971008564633.204 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:33 on Wed 17 Jul to 04:27 on Thu 18 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-17T01:35:43Z → 1907-07-18T01:29:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 17th, 11:46–12:34 on the 18th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26007 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 17 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vivasvat Saptamī 1907 falls on Wednesday 17 July. Saptamī runs from 04:33 on Wed 17 Jul to 04:27 on Thu 18 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-07-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17861, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-07-21T00:04:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-20T21:06:57Z", "ms": -1970794382728.4253 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-21T21:24:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-21T18:26:08Z", "ms": -1970717631579.698 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-21T00:04:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-20T21:06:57Z", "ms": -1970794382728.4253 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-21T21:24:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-21T18:26:08Z", "ms": -1970717631579.698 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-21T05:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-21T02:04:38Z", "ms": -1970776521630.7532 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-21T05:02:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-21T02:04:38Z", "ms": -1970776521630.7532 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-22T05:03:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-22T02:05:22Z", "ms": -1970690078161.1833 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-22T05:03:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-22T02:05:22Z", "ms": -1970690078161.1833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 00:04 on Sun 21 Jul to 21:23 on Sun 21 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-20T21:06:57Z → 1907-07-21T18:26:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:02 on the 21st and 05:02 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17861 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 21 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Sunday 21 July. Ekādaśī runs from 00:04 on Sun 21 Jul to 21:23 on Sun 21 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-07-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-07-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3826, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-07-22T18:15:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-22T15:17:53Z", "ms": -1970642526688.3079 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-23T14:47:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-23T11:49:51Z", "ms": -1970568608535.2715 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-22T18:15:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-22T15:17:53Z", "ms": -1970642526688.3079 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-23T14:47:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-23T11:49:51Z", "ms": -1970568608535.2715 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-22T19:19:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-22T16:21:39Z", "ms": -1970638701079.3132 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-22T20:37:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-22T17:39:35Z", "ms": -1970634025493.9324 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-23T19:19:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-23T16:21:00Z", "ms": -1970552340354.9666 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-23T20:37:06+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-23T17:39:06Z", "ms": -1970547653606.7993 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 18:15 on Mon 22 Jul to 14:47 on Tue 23 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-22T15:17:53Z → 1907-07-23T11:49:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:19–20:37 on the 22nd, 19:18–20:36 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 78 of 78 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 78 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3826 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Monday 22 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Monday 22 July. Trayodaśī runs from 18:15 on Mon 22 Jul to 14:47 on Tue 23 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-07-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1719, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T11:08:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z", "ms": -1970495362742.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T07:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1970422239362.9548 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T11:08:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z", "ms": -1970495362742.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T07:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1970422239362.9548 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T05:04:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T02:06:50Z", "ms": -1970517189743.7117 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-24T07:55:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T04:57:32Z", "ms": -1970506948044.2976 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 171, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-25T05:05:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T02:07:35Z", "ms": -1970430744853.0251 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T07:55:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T04:57:59Z", "ms": -1970420520628.5295 } }, "covered_min": 142, "window_min": 170, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:08 on Wed 24 Jul to 07:26 on Thu 25 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z → 1907-07-25T04:29:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:04–07:55 on the 24th, 05:05–07:55 on the 25th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 171 minutes on the 24th and 142 of 170 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither morning qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 1719 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 24 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vyāsa Pūjā 1907 falls on Wednesday 24 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:08 on Wed 24 Jul to 07:26 on Thu 25 Jul, and reaches the first three muhūrtas after sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2337, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T11:08:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z", "ms": -1970495362742.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T07:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1970422239362.9548 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T11:08:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z", "ms": -1970495362742.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T07:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1970422239362.9548 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T11:47:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T08:49:35Z", "ms": -1970493025495.1765 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-24T12:35:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T09:37:35Z", "ms": -1970490145495.1765 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-25T11:47:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T08:49:36Z", "ms": -1970406624291.7861 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T12:35:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T09:37:36Z", "ms": -1970403744291.7861 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:08 on Wed 24 Jul to 07:26 on Thu 25 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z → 1907-07-25T04:29:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 24th, 11:47–12:35 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2337 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 24 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Guru Pūrṇimā 1907 falls on Wednesday 24 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:08 on Wed 24 Jul to 07:26 on Thu 25 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19140, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T11:08:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z", "ms": -1970495362742.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T07:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1970422239362.9548 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T11:08:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z", "ms": -1970495362742.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T07:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1970422239362.9548 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T16:27:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T13:29:37Z", "ms": -1970476222946.0554 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-24T19:18:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T16:20:19Z", "ms": -1970465981246.6414 } }, "covered_min": 171, "window_min": 171, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-25T16:27:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T13:29:12Z", "ms": -1970389847955.043 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T19:17:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T16:19:36Z", "ms": -1970379623730.5474 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 170, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:08 on Wed 24 Jul to 07:26 on Thu 25 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z → 1907-07-25T04:29:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:27–19:17 on the 24th, 16:26–19:17 on the 25th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 171 of 171 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 170 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 19140 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 24 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kokilā Vrata 1907 falls on Wednesday 24 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:08 on Wed 24 Jul to 07:26 on Thu 25 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29381, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T11:08:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z", "ms": -1970495362742.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T07:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1970422239362.9548 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T11:08:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z", "ms": -1970495362742.8792 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T07:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T04:29:21Z", "ms": -1970422239362.9548 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-24T19:18:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T16:20:19Z", "ms": -1970465981246.6414 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-24T20:36:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-24T17:38:37Z", "ms": -1970461283060.826 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-25T19:17:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T16:19:36Z", "ms": -1970379623730.5474 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T20:36:06+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T17:38:06Z", "ms": -1970374913838.8271 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 11:08 on Wed 24 Jul to 07:26 on Thu 25 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-24T08:10:37Z → 1907-07-25T04:29:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:17–20:36 on the 24th, 19:17–20:35 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 78 of 78 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 78 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29381 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 24 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śiva Śayanotsava 1907 falls on Wednesday 24 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 11:08 on Wed 24 Jul to 07:26 on Thu 25 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14571, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-07-26T03:53:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-26T00:55:30Z", "ms": -1970348669986.961 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-27T00:36:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-26T21:38:35Z", "ms": -1970274085076.8809 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-26T03:53:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-26T00:55:30Z", "ms": -1970348669986.961 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-27T00:36:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-26T21:38:35Z", "ms": -1970274085076.8809 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-25T19:45:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T16:47:58Z", "ms": -1970377922027.5918 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-25T19:45:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-25T16:47:58Z", "ms": -1970377922027.5918 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-26T20:33:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-26T17:35:44Z", "ms": -1970288656495.0806 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-26T20:33:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-26T17:35:44Z", "ms": -1970288656495.0806 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 03:53 on Fri 26 Jul to 00:36 on Sat 27 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-26T00:55:30Z → 1907-07-26T21:38:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:45 on the 25th and 20:33 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14571 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Mosul, 1907: Friday 26 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1907 falls on Friday 26 July. Dvitīyā runs from 03:53 on Fri 26 Jul to 00:36 on Sat 27 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-07-27", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-07-27", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1854, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-07-27T21:45:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-27T18:47:45Z", "ms": -1970197934732.7537 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-28T19:29:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-28T16:31:24Z", "ms": -1970119716096.0332 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-07-27T21:45:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-27T18:47:45Z", "ms": -1970197934732.7537 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-28T19:29:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-28T16:31:24Z", "ms": -1970119716096.0332 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-27T21:14:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-27T18:16:51Z", "ms": -1970199788699.6592 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-27T21:14:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-27T18:16:51Z", "ms": -1970199788699.6592 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-07-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-07-28T21:51:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-28T18:53:03Z", "ms": -1970111216506.454 }, "end": { "local": "1907-07-28T21:51:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-07-28T18:53:03Z", "ms": -1970111216506.454 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:45 on Sat 27 Jul to 19:28 on Sun 28 Jul.", "fact": "1907-07-27T18:47:45Z → 1907-07-28T16:31:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:14 on the 27th and 21:50 on the 28th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 27th and is not on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 1854 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 27 July.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-27", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-07-27", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Saturday 27 July. Caturthī runs from 21:45 on Sat 27 Jul to 19:28 on Sun 28 Jul, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-07-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-08-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19654, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-03T21:22:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-03T18:24:27Z", "ms": -1969594533135.1594 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-04T23:46:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-04T20:48:38Z", "ms": -1969499482486.4373 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-03T21:22:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-03T18:24:27Z", "ms": -1969594533135.1594 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-04T23:46:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-04T20:48:38Z", "ms": -1969499482486.4373 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-04T05:13:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-04T02:15:23Z", "ms": -1969566276899.2192 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-04T05:13:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-04T02:15:23Z", "ms": -1969566276899.2192 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-05T05:14:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-05T02:16:11Z", "ms": -1969479828748.663 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-05T05:14:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-05T02:16:11Z", "ms": -1969479828748.663 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:21 on Sat 3 Aug to 23:46 on Sun 4 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-03T18:24:27Z → 1907-08-04T20:48:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:12 on the 4th and 05:13 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19654 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 4 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Sunday 4 August. Ekādaśī runs from 21:21 on Sat 3 Aug to 23:46 on Sun 4 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-08-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-08-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21168, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-06T02:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-05T23:23:53Z", "ms": -1969403767041.9302 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-07T04:57:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-07T01:59:22Z", "ms": -1969308038184.893 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-06T02:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-05T23:23:53Z", "ms": -1969403767041.9302 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-07T04:57:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-07T01:59:22Z", "ms": -1969308038184.893 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-05T19:08:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-05T16:10:11Z", "ms": -1969429789286.5503 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-05T20:29:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-05T17:31:05Z", "ms": -1969424934775.2349 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-06T19:07:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-06T16:09:11Z", "ms": -1969343449016.0889 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-06T20:28:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-06T17:30:20Z", "ms": -1969338580084.8635 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:21 on Tue 6 Aug to 04:56 on Wed 7 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-05T23:23:53Z → 1907-08-07T01:59:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:07–20:28 on the 5th, 19:06–20:27 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 5th and 81 of 81 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21168 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 6 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Tuesday 6 August. Trayodaśī runs from 02:21 on Tue 6 Aug to 04:56 on Wed 7 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-08-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-08-07", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15712, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-07T04:57:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-07T01:59:22Z", "ms": -1969308038184.893 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-08T07:23:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-08T04:25:52Z", "ms": -1969212847886.2893 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-07T04:57:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-07T01:59:22Z", "ms": -1969308038184.893 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-08T07:23:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-08T04:25:52Z", "ms": -1969212847886.2893 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-06T23:47:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-06T20:49:29Z", "ms": -1969326630523.994 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-07T00:35:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-06T21:37:29Z", "ms": -1969323750523.994 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-07T23:47:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-07T20:49:23Z", "ms": -1969240236770.6973 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-08T00:35:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-07T21:37:23Z", "ms": -1969237356770.6973 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:56 on Wed 7 Aug to 07:23 on Thu 8 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-07T01:59:22Z → 1907-08-08T04:25:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:46–00:34 on the 6th, 23:46–00:34 on the 7th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15712 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Wednesday 7 August. Caturdaśī runs from 04:56 on Wed 7 Aug to 07:23 on Thu 8 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-08-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 842, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-08-11T12:48:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-11T09:50:30Z", "ms": -1968934170114.7993 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-12T13:46:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-12T10:48:34Z", "ms": -1968844286304.639 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-11T12:48:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-11T09:50:30Z", "ms": -1968934170114.7993 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-12T13:46:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-12T10:48:34Z", "ms": -1968844286304.639 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-11T11:46:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-11T08:48:28Z", "ms": -1968937892004.5017 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-11T12:34:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-11T09:36:28Z", "ms": -1968935012004.5017 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-12T11:46:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-12T08:48:19Z", "ms": -1968851501185.8447 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-12T12:34:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-12T09:36:19Z", "ms": -1968848621185.8447 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 12:47 on Sun 11 Aug to 13:46 on Mon 12 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-11T09:50:30Z → 1907-08-12T10:48:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 11th, 11:45–12:33 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 842 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1907: Monday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1907 falls on Monday 12 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 12:47 on Sun 11 Aug to 13:46 on Mon 12 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-08-13", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4335, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-12T13:46:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-12T10:48:34Z", "ms": -1968844286304.639 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-13T14:16:15+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-13T11:18:15Z", "ms": -1968756105204.7927 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-12T13:46:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-12T10:48:34Z", "ms": -1968844286304.639 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-13T14:16:15+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-13T11:18:15Z", "ms": -1968756105204.7927 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-12T11:46:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-12T08:48:19Z", "ms": -1968851501185.8447 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-12T12:34:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-12T09:36:19Z", "ms": -1968848621185.8447 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-13T11:46:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-13T08:48:09Z", "ms": -1968765110936.2969 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-13T12:34:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-13T09:36:09Z", "ms": -1968762230936.2969 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:46 on Mon 12 Aug to 14:15 on Tue 13 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-12T10:48:34Z → 1907-08-13T11:18:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 12th, 11:45–12:33 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4335 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Tuesday 13 August. Caturthī runs from 13:46 on Mon 12 Aug to 14:15 on Tue 13 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-08-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6126, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-13T14:16:15+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-13T11:18:15Z", "ms": -1968756105204.7927 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-14T14:16:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-14T11:18:22Z", "ms": -1968669697995.677 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-13T14:16:15+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-13T11:18:15Z", "ms": -1968756105204.7927 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-14T14:16:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-14T11:18:22Z", "ms": -1968669697995.677 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-13T11:46:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-13T08:48:09Z", "ms": -1968765110936.2969 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-13T12:34:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-13T09:36:09Z", "ms": -1968762230936.2969 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-14T11:45:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-14T08:47:59Z", "ms": -1968678721251.2935 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-14T12:33:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-14T09:35:59Z", "ms": -1968675841251.2935 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 14:15 on Tue 13 Aug to 14:15 on Wed 14 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-13T11:18:15Z → 1907-08-14T11:18:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 13th, 11:45–12:33 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6126 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 14 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nāga Pañcamī 1907 falls on Wednesday 14 August. Pañcamī runs from 14:15 on Tue 13 Aug to 14:15 on Wed 14 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-08-19", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4938, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-19T06:47:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-19T03:49:49Z", "ms": -1968264611176.2292 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-20T03:59:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T01:01:43Z", "ms": -1968188297166.4888 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-19T06:47:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-19T03:49:49Z", "ms": -1968264611176.2292 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-20T03:59:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T01:01:43Z", "ms": -1968188297166.4888 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-19T05:25:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-19T02:27:31Z", "ms": -1968269548729.421 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-19T05:25:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-19T02:27:31Z", "ms": -1968269548729.421 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-20T05:26:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T02:28:20Z", "ms": -1968183100397.053 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-20T05:26:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T02:28:20Z", "ms": -1968183100397.053 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:47 on Mon 19 Aug to 03:59 on Tue 20 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-19T03:49:49Z → 1907-08-20T01:01:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:25 on the 19th and 05:25 on the 20th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 19th and is not on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 4938 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Putradā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Monday 19 August. Ekādaśī runs from 06:47 on Mon 19 Aug to 03:59 on Tue 20 Aug, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-08-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27903, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-20T03:59:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T01:01:43Z", "ms": -1968188297166.4888 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-21T00:55:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T21:57:01Z", "ms": -1968112979308.7095 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-20T03:59:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T01:01:43Z", "ms": -1968188297166.4888 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-21T00:55:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T21:57:01Z", "ms": -1968112979308.7095 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-20T11:44:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T08:46:45Z", "ms": -1968160394589.0933 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-20T12:32:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T09:34:45Z", "ms": -1968157514589.0933 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-21T11:44:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-21T08:46:31Z", "ms": -1968074008621.9067 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-21T12:32:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-21T09:34:31Z", "ms": -1968071128621.9067 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 03:59 on Tue 20 Aug to 00:54 on Wed 21 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-20T01:01:43Z → 1907-08-20T21:57:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:44–12:32 on the 20th, 11:44–12:32 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 27903 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 20 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1907 falls on Tuesday 20 August. Dvādaśī runs from 03:59 on Tue 20 Aug to 00:54 on Wed 21 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-08-21", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5123, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-21T00:55:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T21:57:01Z", "ms": -1968112979308.7095 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-21T21:40:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-21T18:42:22Z", "ms": -1968038258087.1667 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-21T00:55:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T21:57:01Z", "ms": -1968112979308.7095 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-21T21:40:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-21T18:42:22Z", "ms": -1968038258087.1667 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-20T18:51:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T15:53:11Z", "ms": -1968134808781.1338 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-20T20:15:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-20T17:17:59Z", "ms": -1968129721230.249 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-21T18:49:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-21T15:51:55Z", "ms": -1968048485094.3154 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-21T20:14:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-21T17:16:59Z", "ms": -1968043380946.7751 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 00:54 on Wed 21 Aug to 21:39 on Wed 21 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-20T21:57:01Z → 1907-08-21T18:42:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:50–20:15 on the 20th, 18:49–20:14 on the 21st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 85 minutes on the 20th and 85 of 85 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5123 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Wednesday 21 August. Trayodaśī runs from 00:54 on Wed 21 Aug to 21:39 on Wed 21 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-08-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-23", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2509, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-08-22T18:23:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-22T15:25:31Z", "ms": -1967963669338.2515 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-23T15:13:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-23T12:15:02Z", "ms": -1967888698146.6025 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1907-08-23T04:46:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-23T01:48:55Z", "ms": -1967926265253.1611 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-23T15:13:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-23T12:15:02Z", "ms": -1967888698146.6025 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-22T05:27:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-22T02:29:56Z", "ms": -1968010203987.763 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-23T05:28:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-23T02:30:44Z", "ms": -1967923755910.514 } }, "covered_min": 42, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-23T05:28:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-23T02:30:44Z", "ms": -1967923755910.514 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-24T05:29:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-24T02:31:32Z", "ms": -1967837307914.533 } }, "covered_min": 584, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:23 on Thu 22 Aug to 15:12 on Fri 23 Aug. Its second half begins at 04:46 on Fri 23 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-22T15:25:31Z → 1907-08-23T12:15:02Z · second half from 1907-08-23T01:48:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:27 on the 22nd, and from 05:28 on the 23rd.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 42 of 1441 minutes on the 22nd and 584 of 1441 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both days qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2509 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Mosul, 1907: Friday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-23", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-23", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1907 falls on Friday 23 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 04:46 on Fri 23 Aug to 15:12 on Fri 23 Aug and falls on two days: 584 minutes of it on the 23rd, 42 on the 22nd; the rule does not say which to take, and the day that holds more of it is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9660, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-08-22T18:23:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-22T15:25:31Z", "ms": -1967963669338.2515 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-23T15:13:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-23T12:15:02Z", "ms": -1967888698146.6025 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-22T18:23:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-22T15:25:31Z", "ms": -1967963669338.2515 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-23T15:13:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-23T12:15:02Z", "ms": -1967888698146.6025 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-22T11:44:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-22T08:46:17Z", "ms": -1967987623134.5425 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-22T12:32:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-22T09:34:17Z", "ms": -1967984743134.5425 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-23T11:44:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-23T08:46:02Z", "ms": -1967901238109.937 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-23T12:32:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-23T09:34:02Z", "ms": -1967898358109.937 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:23 on Thu 22 Aug to 15:12 on Fri 23 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-22T15:25:31Z → 1907-08-23T12:15:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:43–12:31 on the 22nd, 11:43–12:31 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9660 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Mosul, 1907: Friday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1907 falls on Friday 23 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:23 on Thu 22 Aug to 15:12 on Fri 23 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26816, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-08-24T12:18:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-24T09:20:03Z", "ms": -1967812796945.7637 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-25T09:47:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T06:49:50Z", "ms": -1967735409793.0251 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-24T12:18:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-24T09:20:03Z", "ms": -1967812796945.7637 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-25T09:47:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T06:49:50Z", "ms": -1967735409793.0251 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-24T19:44:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-24T16:46:59Z", "ms": -1967785981406.5684 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-24T19:44:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-24T16:46:59Z", "ms": -1967785981406.5684 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-25T20:20:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T17:22:01Z", "ms": -1967697479235.3057 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-25T20:20:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T17:22:01Z", "ms": -1967697479235.3057 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 12:17 on Sat 24 Aug to 09:47 on Sun 25 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-24T09:20:03Z → 1907-08-25T06:49:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:44 on the 24th and 20:19 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26816 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1907 falls on Saturday 24 August. Dvitīyā runs from 12:17 on Sat 24 Aug to 09:47 on Sun 25 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6940, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-08-25T09:47:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T06:49:50Z", "ms": -1967735409793.0251 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-26T07:51:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T04:53:14Z", "ms": -1967656005782.1465 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-25T09:47:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T06:49:50Z", "ms": -1967735409793.0251 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-26T07:51:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T04:53:14Z", "ms": -1967656005782.1465 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-25T11:43:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T08:45:31Z", "ms": -1967728469377.1562 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-25T12:31:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T09:33:31Z", "ms": -1967725589377.1562 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-26T11:43:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T08:45:14Z", "ms": -1967642085632.586 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-26T12:31:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T09:33:14Z", "ms": -1967639205632.586 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 09:47 on Sun 25 Aug to 07:50 on Mon 26 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-25T06:49:50Z → 1907-08-26T04:53:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:43–12:31 on the 25th, 11:42–12:30 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6940 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1907 falls on Sunday 25 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 09:47 on Sun 25 Aug to 07:50 on Mon 26 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29620, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-26T07:51:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T04:53:14Z", "ms": -1967656005782.1465 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-27T06:35:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-27T03:37:56Z", "ms": -1967574124407.6887 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-26T07:51:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T04:53:14Z", "ms": -1967656005782.1465 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-27T06:35:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-27T03:37:56Z", "ms": -1967574124407.6887 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-26T16:04:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T13:06:54Z", "ms": -1967626385723.1106 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-26T18:43:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T15:45:21Z", "ms": -1967616879116.7937 } }, "covered_min": 158, "window_min": 158, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-27T16:03:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-27T13:05:59Z", "ms": -1967540041024.7095 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-27T18:42:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-27T15:44:00Z", "ms": -1967530560188.6892 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 158, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:50 on Mon 26 Aug to 06:35 on Tue 27 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-26T04:53:14Z → 1907-08-27T03:37:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:04–18:42 on the 26th, 16:03–18:41 on the 27th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 158 of 158 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 158 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29620 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bahulā Caturthī 1907 falls on Monday 26 August. Caturthī runs from 07:50 on Mon 26 Aug to 06:35 on Tue 27 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-08-26", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34990, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-26T07:51:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T04:53:14Z", "ms": -1967656005782.1465 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-27T06:35:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-27T03:37:56Z", "ms": -1967574124407.6887 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-26T07:51:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T04:53:14Z", "ms": -1967656005782.1465 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-27T06:35:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-27T03:37:56Z", "ms": -1967574124407.6887 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-25T20:20:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T17:22:01Z", "ms": -1967697479235.3057 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-25T20:20:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-25T17:22:01Z", "ms": -1967697479235.3057 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-26T20:52:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T17:54:46Z", "ms": -1967609114134.997 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-26T20:52:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-26T17:54:46Z", "ms": -1967609114134.997 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:50 on Mon 26 Aug to 06:35 on Tue 27 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-26T04:53:14Z → 1907-08-27T03:37:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:19 on the 25th and 20:52 on the 26th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 25th and is on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34990 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 26 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Monday 26 August. Caturthī runs from 07:50 on Mon 26 Aug to 06:35 on Tue 27 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-08-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18857, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-28T06:07:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-28T03:09:27Z", "ms": -1967489433334.795 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-29T06:28:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T03:30:07Z", "ms": -1967401793386.932 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-28T06:07:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-28T03:09:27Z", "ms": -1967489433334.795 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-29T06:28:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T03:30:07Z", "ms": -1967401793386.932 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-28T11:42:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-28T08:44:41Z", "ms": -1967469319298.4163 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-28T12:30:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-28T09:32:41Z", "ms": -1967466439298.4163 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-29T11:42:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T08:44:23Z", "ms": -1967382936675.002 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-29T12:30:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T09:32:23Z", "ms": -1967380056675.002 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:06 on Wed 28 Aug to 06:27 on Thu 29 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-28T03:09:27Z → 1907-08-29T03:30:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 28th, 11:41–12:29 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18857 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1907 falls on Wednesday 28 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 06:06 on Wed 28 Aug to 06:27 on Thu 29 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14762, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-29T06:28:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T03:30:07Z", "ms": -1967401793386.932 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-30T07:36:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-30T04:38:03Z", "ms": -1967311316830.2793 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-29T06:28:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T03:30:07Z", "ms": -1967401793386.932 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-30T07:36:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-30T04:38:03Z", "ms": -1967311316830.2793 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-29T11:42:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T08:44:23Z", "ms": -1967382936675.002 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-29T12:30:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T09:32:23Z", "ms": -1967380056675.002 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-30T11:42:06+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-30T08:44:06Z", "ms": -1967296554392.3872 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-30T12:30:06+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-30T09:32:06Z", "ms": -1967293674392.3872 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 06:27 on Thu 29 Aug to 07:35 on Fri 30 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-29T03:30:07Z → 1907-08-30T04:38:03Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 29th, 11:41–12:29 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 14762 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śītalā Saptamī 1907 falls on Thursday 29 August. Saptamī runs from 06:27 on Thu 29 Aug to 07:35 on Fri 30 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-08-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25516, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1907-08-30T07:36:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-30T04:38:03Z", "ms": -1967311316830.2793 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-31T09:24:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-31T06:26:43Z", "ms": -1967218396670.4504 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-08-30T07:36:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-30T04:38:03Z", "ms": -1967311316830.2793 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-31T09:24:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-31T06:26:43Z", "ms": -1967218396670.4504 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-29T23:42:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T20:44:47Z", "ms": -1967339712875.3083 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-30T00:30:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-29T21:32:47Z", "ms": -1967336832875.3083 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-08-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-08-30T23:42:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-30T20:44:29Z", "ms": -1967253330619.7676 }, "end": { "local": "1907-08-31T00:30:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-08-30T21:32:29Z", "ms": -1967250450619.7676 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 07:35 on Fri 30 Aug to 09:24 on Sat 31 Aug.", "fact": "1907-08-30T04:38:03Z → 1907-08-31T06:26:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:42–00:30 on the 29th, 23:41–00:29 on the 30th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 25516 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 30 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-08-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Janmāṣṭamī 1907 falls on Friday 30 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 07:35 on Fri 30 Aug to 09:24 on Sat 31 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-09-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31274, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-02T14:17:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-02T11:19:55Z", "ms": -1967028004795.406 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-03T16:54:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-03T13:56:08Z", "ms": -1966932231752.8762 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-02T14:17:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-02T11:19:55Z", "ms": -1967028004795.406 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-03T16:54:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-03T13:56:08Z", "ms": -1966932231752.8762 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-02T05:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-02T02:38:41Z", "ms": -1967059278913.0547 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-02T05:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-02T02:38:41Z", "ms": -1967059278913.0547 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-03T05:37:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-03T02:39:28Z", "ms": -1966972831514.2732 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-03T05:37:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-03T02:39:28Z", "ms": -1966972831514.2732 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:17 on Mon 2 Sep to 16:53 on Tue 3 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-02T11:19:55Z → 1907-09-03T13:56:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:36 on the 2nd and 05:36 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31274 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 3 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ajā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Tuesday 3 September. Ekādaśī runs from 14:17 on Mon 2 Sep to 16:53 on Tue 3 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-09-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-09-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-05", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2467, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-04T19:18:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-04T16:20:48Z", "ms": -1966837151753.3477 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-05T21:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T18:23:53Z", "ms": -1966743367487.6694 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-04T19:18:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-04T16:20:48Z", "ms": -1966837151753.3477 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-05T21:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T18:23:53Z", "ms": -1966743367487.6694 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-04T18:30:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-04T15:32:49Z", "ms": -1966840030938.1052 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-04T19:59:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-04T17:01:55Z", "ms": -1966834685058.829 } }, "covered_min": 41, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-05T18:29:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T15:31:23Z", "ms": -1966753717131.0557 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-05T19:58:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T17:00:47Z", "ms": -1966748353455.6501 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 19:18 on Wed 4 Sep to 21:21 on Thu 5 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-04T16:20:48Z → 1907-09-05T18:23:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:30–19:59 on the 4th, 18:28–19:58 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 41 of 89 minutes on the 4th and 89 of 89 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2467 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-05", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-05", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Thursday 5 September. Trayodaśī runs from 19:18 on Wed 4 Sep to 21:21 on Thu 5 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 41 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-09-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-09-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2593, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-05T21:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T18:23:53Z", "ms": -1966743367487.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-06T22:57:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-06T19:59:04Z", "ms": -1966651255779.6047 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-05T21:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T18:23:53Z", "ms": -1966743367487.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-06T22:57:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-06T19:59:04Z", "ms": -1966651255779.6047 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-05T23:40:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T20:42:37Z", "ms": -1966735043348.2852 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-06T00:28:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T21:30:37Z", "ms": -1966732163348.2852 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-06T23:40:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-06T20:42:17Z", "ms": -1966648663038.5366 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-07T00:28:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-06T21:30:17Z", "ms": -1966645783038.5366 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:21 on Thu 5 Sep to 22:56 on Fri 6 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-05T18:23:53Z → 1907-09-06T19:59:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:40–00:28 on the 5th, 23:39–00:27 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2593 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 5 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Thursday 5 September. Caturdaśī runs from 21:21 on Thu 5 Sep to 22:56 on Fri 6 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-09-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4986, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-05T21:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T18:23:53Z", "ms": -1966743367487.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-06T22:57:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-06T19:59:04Z", "ms": -1966651255779.6047 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-05T21:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T18:23:53Z", "ms": -1966743367487.6694 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-06T22:57:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-06T19:59:04Z", "ms": -1966651255779.6047 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-05T18:29:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T15:31:23Z", "ms": -1966753717131.0557 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-05T19:58:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-05T17:00:47Z", "ms": -1966748353455.6501 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-06T18:27:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-06T15:29:56Z", "ms": -1966667403755.6062 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-06T19:57:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-06T16:59:38Z", "ms": -1966662022231.0544 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 21:21 on Thu 5 Sep to 22:56 on Fri 6 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-05T18:23:53Z → 1907-09-06T19:59:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:28–19:58 on the 5th, 18:27–19:57 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 89 minutes on the 5th and 90 of 90 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4986 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 6 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aghora Caturdaśī 1907 falls on Friday 6 September. Caturdaśī runs from 21:21 on Thu 5 Sep to 22:56 on Fri 6 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39784, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1907-09-08T00:01:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-07T21:03:41Z", "ms": -1966560978944.2915 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-09T00:35:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-08T21:37:49Z", "ms": -1966472530676.9666 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-08T00:01:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-07T21:03:41Z", "ms": -1966560978944.2915 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-09T00:35:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-08T21:37:49Z", "ms": -1966472530676.9666 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-08T11:39:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-08T08:41:13Z", "ms": -1966519126651.4492 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-08T12:27:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-08T09:29:13Z", "ms": -1966516246651.4492 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-09T11:38:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-09T08:40:53Z", "ms": -1966432746939.6646 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-09T12:26:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-09T09:28:53Z", "ms": -1966429866939.6646 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 00:01 on Sun 8 Sep to 00:35 on Mon 9 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-07T21:03:41Z → 1907-09-08T21:37:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:38–12:26 on the 8th, 11:38–12:26 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 39784 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 8 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rudra Vrata 1907 falls on Sunday 8 September. Pratipadā runs from 00:01 on Sun 8 Sep to 00:35 on Mon 9 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39428, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-09-10T00:41:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-09T21:43:24Z", "ms": -1966385795529.7527 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-11T00:21:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-10T21:23:14Z", "ms": -1966300606225.1238 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-10T00:41:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-09T21:43:24Z", "ms": -1966385795529.7527 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-11T00:21:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-10T21:23:14Z", "ms": -1966300606225.1238 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-10T11:38:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-10T08:40:33Z", "ms": -1966346367403.2585 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-10T12:26:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-10T09:28:33Z", "ms": -1966343487403.2585 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-11T11:38:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T08:40:12Z", "ms": -1966259988027.0225 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-11T12:26:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T09:28:12Z", "ms": -1966257108027.0225 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 00:40 on Tue 10 Sep to 00:20 on Wed 11 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-09T21:43:24Z → 1907-09-10T21:23:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:38–12:26 on the 10th, 11:37–12:25 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 39428 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 10 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1907 falls on Tuesday 10 September. Tṛtīyā runs from 00:40 on Tue 10 Sep to 00:20 on Wed 11 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 40318, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-11T00:21:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-10T21:23:14Z", "ms": -1966300606225.1238 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-11T23:38:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T20:40:10Z", "ms": -1966216789559.3674 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-11T00:21:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-10T21:23:14Z", "ms": -1966300606225.1238 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-11T23:38:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T20:40:10Z", "ms": -1966216789559.3674 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-10T11:38:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-10T08:40:33Z", "ms": -1966346367403.2585 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-10T12:26:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-10T09:28:33Z", "ms": -1966343487403.2585 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-11T11:38:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T08:40:12Z", "ms": -1966259988027.0225 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-11T12:26:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T09:28:12Z", "ms": -1966257108027.0225 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:20 on Wed 11 Sep to 23:37 on Wed 11 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-10T21:23:14Z → 1907-09-11T20:40:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:38–12:26 on the 10th, 11:37–12:25 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 40318 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1907 falls on Wednesday 11 September. Caturthī runs from 00:20 on Wed 11 Sep to 23:37 on Wed 11 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36532, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-11T23:38:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T20:40:10Z", "ms": -1966216789559.3674 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-12T22:34:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-12T19:36:44Z", "ms": -1966134196416.166 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-11T23:38:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T20:40:10Z", "ms": -1966216789559.3674 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-12T22:34:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-12T19:36:44Z", "ms": -1966134196416.166 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-11T11:38:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T08:40:12Z", "ms": -1966259988027.0225 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-11T12:26:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-11T09:28:12Z", "ms": -1966257108027.0225 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-12T11:37:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-12T08:39:51Z", "ms": -1966173608795.2715 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-12T12:25:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-12T09:27:51Z", "ms": -1966170728795.2715 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 23:37 on Wed 11 Sep to 22:34 on Thu 12 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-11T20:40:10Z → 1907-09-12T19:36:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 11th, 11:37–12:25 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 48 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 36532 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 12 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1907 falls on Thursday 12 September. Pañcamī runs from 23:37 on Wed 11 Sep to 22:34 on Thu 12 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31635, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-12T22:34:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-12T19:36:44Z", "ms": -1966134196416.166 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-13T21:12:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-13T18:14:46Z", "ms": -1966052714344.1887 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-12T22:34:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-12T19:36:44Z", "ms": -1966134196416.166 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-13T21:12:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-13T18:14:46Z", "ms": -1966052714344.1887 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-12T11:37:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-12T08:39:51Z", "ms": -1966173608795.2715 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-12T12:25:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-12T09:27:51Z", "ms": -1966170728795.2715 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-13T11:37:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-13T08:39:30Z", "ms": -1966087229691.711 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-13T12:25:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-13T09:27:30Z", "ms": -1966084349691.711 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 22:34 on Thu 12 Sep to 21:12 on Fri 13 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-12T19:36:44Z → 1907-09-13T18:14:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 12th, 11:37–12:25 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 31635 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Mosul, 1907: Friday 13 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1907 falls on Friday 13 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 22:34 on Thu 12 Sep to 21:12 on Fri 13 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25707, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-13T21:12:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-13T18:14:46Z", "ms": -1966052714344.1887 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-14T19:33:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-14T16:35:37Z", "ms": -1965972263354.2368 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-13T21:12:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-13T18:14:46Z", "ms": -1966052714344.1887 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-14T19:33:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-14T16:35:37Z", "ms": -1965972263354.2368 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-13T11:37:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-13T08:39:30Z", "ms": -1966087229691.711 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-13T12:25:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-13T09:27:30Z", "ms": -1966084349691.711 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-14T11:37:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-14T08:39:09Z", "ms": -1966000850699.13 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-14T12:25:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-14T09:27:09Z", "ms": -1965997970699.13 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 21:12 on Fri 13 Sep to 19:33 on Sat 14 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-13T18:14:46Z → 1907-09-14T16:35:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 13th, 11:36–12:24 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 48 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25707 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 14 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1907 falls on Saturday 14 September. Saptamī runs from 21:12 on Fri 13 Sep to 19:33 on Sat 14 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18814, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-14T19:33:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-14T16:35:37Z", "ms": -1965972263354.2368 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-15T17:38:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-15T14:40:22Z", "ms": -1965892777895.4167 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-14T19:33:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-14T16:35:37Z", "ms": -1965972263354.2368 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-15T17:38:22+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-15T14:40:22Z", "ms": -1965892777895.4167 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-14T11:37:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-14T08:39:09Z", "ms": -1966000850699.13 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-14T12:25:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-14T09:27:09Z", "ms": -1965997970699.13 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-15T11:36:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-15T08:38:48Z", "ms": -1965914471799.4802 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-15T12:24:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-15T09:26:48Z", "ms": -1965911591799.4802 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 19:33 on Sat 14 Sep to 17:37 on Sun 15 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-14T16:35:37Z → 1907-09-15T14:40:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:36–12:24 on the 14th, 11:36–12:24 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18814 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rādhāṣṭamī 1907 falls on Sunday 15 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 19:33 on Sat 14 Sep to 17:37 on Sun 15 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-09-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17013, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-17T13:05:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-17T10:07:28Z", "ms": -1965736352207.2463 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-18T10:32:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T07:34:49Z", "ms": -1965659110962.4941 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-17T13:05:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-17T10:07:28Z", "ms": -1965736352207.2463 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-18T10:32:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T07:34:49Z", "ms": -1965659110962.4941 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-17T05:48:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-17T02:50:29Z", "ms": -1965762570789.4968 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-17T05:48:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-17T02:50:29Z", "ms": -1965762570789.4968 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-18T05:49:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T02:51:16Z", "ms": -1965676123581.2815 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-18T05:49:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T02:51:16Z", "ms": -1965676123581.2815 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:04 on Tue 17 Sep to 10:32 on Wed 18 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-17T10:07:28Z → 1907-09-18T07:34:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:47 on the 17th and 05:48 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17013 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Wednesday 18 September. Ekādaśī runs from 13:04 on Tue 17 Sep to 10:32 on Wed 18 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-09-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3776, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-18T10:32:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T07:34:49Z", "ms": -1965659110962.4941 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-19T07:54:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-19T04:56:45Z", "ms": -1965582194574.1865 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-18T10:32:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T07:34:49Z", "ms": -1965659110962.4941 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-19T07:54:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-19T04:56:45Z", "ms": -1965582194574.1865 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-18T11:35:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T08:37:45Z", "ms": -1965655335460.7144 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-18T12:23:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T09:25:45Z", "ms": -1965652455460.7144 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-19T11:35:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-19T08:37:23Z", "ms": -1965568956729.5137 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-19T12:23:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-19T09:25:23Z", "ms": -1965566076729.5137 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 10:32 on Wed 18 Sep to 07:54 on Thu 19 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-18T07:34:49Z → 1907-09-19T04:56:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:35–12:23 on the 18th, 11:34–12:22 on the 19th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3776 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 18 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vāmana Jayantī 1907 falls on Wednesday 18 September. Dvādaśī runs from 10:32 on Wed 18 Sep to 07:54 on Thu 19 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-09-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34482, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-19T07:54:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-19T04:56:45Z", "ms": -1965582194574.1865 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-20T05:17:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-20T02:19:02Z", "ms": -1965505258086.5537 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-19T07:54:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-19T04:56:45Z", "ms": -1965582194574.1865 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-20T05:17:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-20T02:19:02Z", "ms": -1965505258086.5537 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-18T18:10:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T15:12:13Z", "ms": -1965631667340.1472 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-18T19:43:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-18T16:45:31Z", "ms": -1965626068537.6748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-19T18:08:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-19T15:10:43Z", "ms": -1965545357137.4229 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-19T19:42:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-19T16:44:20Z", "ms": -1965539740051.764 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 07:54 on Thu 19 Sep to 05:16 on Fri 20 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-19T04:56:45Z → 1907-09-20T02:19:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:09–19:43 on the 18th, 18:08–19:41 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 93 minutes on the 18th and 94 of 94 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34482 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Thursday 19 September. Trayodaśī runs from 07:54 on Thu 19 Sep to 05:16 on Fri 20 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-09-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2029, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-20T05:17:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-20T02:19:02Z", "ms": -1965505258086.5537 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-21T02:46:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-20T23:48:39Z", "ms": -1965427880757.293 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-20T05:17:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-20T02:19:02Z", "ms": -1965505258086.5537 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-21T02:46:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-20T23:48:39Z", "ms": -1965427880757.293 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-20T05:50:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-20T02:52:51Z", "ms": -1965503228994.9807 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-20T08:18:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-20T05:20:07Z", "ms": -1965494392590.5564 } }, "covered_min": 147, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-09-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-21T05:51:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-21T02:53:38Z", "ms": -1965416781584.5051 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-21T08:18:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-21T05:20:27Z", "ms": -1965407972630.5144 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:16 on Fri 20 Sep to 02:46 on Sat 21 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-20T02:19:02Z → 1907-09-20T23:48:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:50–08:17 on the 20th, 05:51–08:17 on the 21st.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 147 of 147 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 147 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2029 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ananta Caturdaśī 1907 falls on Friday 20 September. Caturdaśī runs from 05:16 on Fri 20 Sep to 02:46 on Sat 21 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-09-25", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1199, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-24T20:41:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-24T17:43:38Z", "ms": -1965104181525.1406 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-25T20:46:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-25T17:48:30Z", "ms": -1965017489751.991 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-24T20:41:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-24T17:43:38Z", "ms": -1965104181525.1406 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-25T20:46:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-25T17:48:30Z", "ms": -1965017489751.991 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-24T19:53:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-24T16:55:07Z", "ms": -1965107092884.2532 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-24T19:53:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-24T16:55:07Z", "ms": -1965107092884.2532 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-25T20:26:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-25T17:28:31Z", "ms": -1965018688785.0098 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-25T20:26:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-25T17:28:31Z", "ms": -1965018688785.0098 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:41 on Tue 24 Sep to 20:46 on Wed 25 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-24T17:43:38Z → 1907-09-25T17:48:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:52 on the 24th and 20:26 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 24th and is on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1199 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 25 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Wednesday 25 September. Caturthī runs from 20:41 on Tue 24 Sep to 20:46 on Wed 25 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-09-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2129, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-26T21:37:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-26T18:39:32Z", "ms": -1964928028193.5032 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-27T23:11:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-27T20:13:46Z", "ms": -1964835974164.9456 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-26T21:37:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-26T18:39:32Z", "ms": -1964928028193.5032 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-27T23:11:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-27T20:13:46Z", "ms": -1964835974164.9456 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-26T21:02:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-26T18:04:02Z", "ms": -1964930157660.9343 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-26T21:02:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-26T18:04:02Z", "ms": -1964930157660.9343 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-27T21:40:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-27T18:42:33Z", "ms": -1964841447094.7039 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-27T21:40:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-27T18:42:33Z", "ms": -1964841447094.7039 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 21:37 on Thu 26 Sep to 23:11 on Fri 27 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-26T18:39:32Z → 1907-09-27T20:13:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:01 on the 26th and 21:40 on the 27th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 26th and is on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 2129 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1907 falls on Friday 27 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 21:37 on Thu 26 Sep to 23:11 on Fri 27 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20965, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-29T01:21:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-28T22:23:04Z", "ms": -1964741815876.069 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-30T03:52:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-30T00:54:35Z", "ms": -1964646324591.813 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-29T01:21:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-28T22:23:04Z", "ms": -1964741815876.069 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-30T03:52:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-30T00:54:35Z", "ms": -1964646324591.813 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-28T17:55:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-28T14:57:17Z", "ms": -1964768563247.9678 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-28T19:31:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-28T16:33:39Z", "ms": -1964762781110.3572 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 96, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-29T17:53:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-29T14:55:48Z", "ms": -1964682252020.6316 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-29T19:30:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-29T16:32:28Z", "ms": -1964676451525.5208 } }, "covered_min": 97, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:20 on Sun 29 Sep to 03:52 on Mon 30 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-28T22:23:04Z → 1907-09-30T00:54:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:54–19:31 on the 28th, 17:53–19:29 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 96 minutes on the 28th and 97 of 97 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20965 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1907 falls on Sunday 29 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:20 on Sun 29 Sep to 03:52 on Mon 30 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-09-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10702, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1907-09-29T01:21:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-28T22:23:04Z", "ms": -1964741815876.069 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-30T03:52:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-30T00:54:35Z", "ms": -1964646324591.813 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-09-29T01:21:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-28T22:23:04Z", "ms": -1964741815876.069 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-30T03:52:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-30T00:54:35Z", "ms": -1964646324591.813 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-28T22:22:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-28T19:24:42Z", "ms": -1964752518120.2341 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-28T22:22:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-28T19:24:42Z", "ms": -1964752518120.2341 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-09-29T23:08:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-29T20:10:48Z", "ms": -1964663352121.3494 }, "end": { "local": "1907-09-29T23:08:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-09-29T20:10:48Z", "ms": -1964663352121.3494 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:20 on Sun 29 Sep to 03:52 on Mon 30 Sep.", "fact": "1907-09-28T22:23:04Z → 1907-09-30T00:54:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:22 on the 28th and 23:08 on the 29th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10702 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 29 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-09-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1907 falls on Sunday 29 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:20 on Sun 29 Sep to 03:52 on Mon 30 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-10-03", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10679, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-02T08:58:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-02T06:00:29Z", "ms": -1964455170543.1821 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-03T11:02:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-03T08:04:44Z", "ms": -1964361315940.9502 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-02T08:58:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-02T06:00:29Z", "ms": -1964455170543.1821 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-03T11:02:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-03T08:04:44Z", "ms": -1964361315940.9502 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-02T06:00:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-02T03:02:30Z", "ms": -1964465849779.441 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-02T06:00:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-02T03:02:30Z", "ms": -1964465849779.441 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-10-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-03T06:01:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-03T03:03:20Z", "ms": -1964379400140.3901 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-03T06:01:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-03T03:03:20Z", "ms": -1964379400140.3901 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:57 on Wed 2 Oct to 11:02 on Thu 3 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-02T06:00:29Z → 1907-10-03T08:04:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:00 on the 2nd and 06:00 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 2nd and is on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 10679 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 3 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Indirā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Thursday 3 October. Ekādaśī runs from 08:57 on Wed 2 Oct to 11:02 on Thu 3 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-10-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-10-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15540, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-04T12:33:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-04T09:35:31Z", "ms": -1964269469056.2236 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-05T13:26:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-05T10:28:02Z", "ms": -1964179917574.3828 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-04T12:33:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-04T09:35:31Z", "ms": -1964269469056.2236 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-05T13:26:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-05T10:28:02Z", "ms": -1964179917574.3828 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-04T17:46:29+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-04T14:48:29Z", "ms": -1964250691273.4836 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-04T19:24:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-04T16:26:41Z", "ms": -1964244799112.8389 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-05T17:45:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-05T14:47:02Z", "ms": -1964164378001.3608 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-05T19:23:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-05T16:25:32Z", "ms": -1964158467550.6748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 12:33 on Fri 4 Oct to 13:25 on Sat 5 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-04T09:35:31Z → 1907-10-05T10:28:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:45–19:24 on the 4th, 17:44–19:23 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 98 of 98 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 99 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 15540 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Friday 4 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Friday 4 October. Trayodaśī runs from 12:33 on Fri 4 Oct to 13:25 on Sat 5 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-10-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-10-05", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35409, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-05T13:26:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-05T10:28:02Z", "ms": -1964179917574.3828 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-06T13:40:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-06T10:42:00Z", "ms": -1964092680478.2427 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-05T13:26:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-05T10:28:02Z", "ms": -1964179917574.3828 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-06T13:40:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-06T10:42:00Z", "ms": -1964092680478.2427 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-05T23:30:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-05T20:32:26Z", "ms": -1964143653811.288 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-06T00:18:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-05T21:20:26Z", "ms": -1964140773811.288 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-06T23:30:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-06T20:32:08Z", "ms": -1964057271590.2612 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-07T00:18:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-06T21:20:08Z", "ms": -1964054391590.2612 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:25 on Sat 5 Oct to 13:39 on Sun 6 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-05T10:28:02Z → 1907-10-06T10:42:00Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:29–00:17 on the 5th, 23:29–00:17 on the 6th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35409 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 5 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Saturday 5 October. Caturdaśī runs from 13:25 on Sat 5 Oct to 13:39 on Sun 6 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-10-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-06", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 918, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1907-10-06T13:40:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-06T10:42:00Z", "ms": -1964092680478.2427 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-07T13:18:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-07T10:20:28Z", "ms": -1964007571765.1492 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-06T13:40:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-06T10:42:00Z", "ms": -1964092680478.2427 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-07T13:18:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-07T10:20:28Z", "ms": -1964007571765.1492 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-06T13:03:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-06T10:05:42Z", "ms": -1964094858422.1416 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-06T15:23:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-06T12:25:39Z", "ms": -1964086461355.7837 } }, "covered_min": 104, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-07T13:03:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-07T10:05:10Z", "ms": -1964008489622.5286 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-07T15:22:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-07T12:24:40Z", "ms": -1964000119866.339 } }, "covered_min": 15, "window_min": 139, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 13:39 on Sun 6 Oct to 13:17 on Mon 7 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-06T10:42:00Z → 1907-10-07T10:20:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:03–15:23 on the 6th, 13:02–15:22 on the 7th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 104 of 140 minutes on the 6th and 15 of 139 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 918 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 6 October.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-06", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-06", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1907 falls on Sunday 6 October. Amāvasyā runs from 13:39 on Sun 6 Oct to 13:17 on Mon 7 Oct and covers 104 of 140 minutes of aparāhṇa that afternoon. It also reaches the next afternoon for 15 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 575, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1907-10-07T13:18:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-07T10:20:28Z", "ms": -1964007571765.1492 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-08T12:26:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-08T09:28:44Z", "ms": -1963924276281.2063 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-07T13:18:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-07T10:20:28Z", "ms": -1964007571765.1492 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-08T12:26:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-08T09:28:44Z", "ms": -1963924276281.2063 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-07T11:29:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-07T08:31:25Z", "ms": -1964014114500.623 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-07T12:17:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-07T09:19:25Z", "ms": -1964011234500.623 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-10-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-08T11:29:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-08T08:31:08Z", "ms": -1963927731654.682 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-08T12:17:08+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-08T09:19:08Z", "ms": -1963924851654.682 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 13:17 on Mon 7 Oct to 12:26 on Tue 8 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-07T10:20:28Z → 1907-10-08T09:28:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:28–12:16 on the 7th, 11:28–12:16 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 575 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 8 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1907 falls on Tuesday 8 October. Pratipadā runs from 13:17 on Mon 7 Oct to 12:26 on Tue 8 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-10-10", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6664, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-10T09:37:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-10T06:39:31Z", "ms": -1963761628790.9785 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-11T07:51:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-11T04:53:53Z", "ms": -1963681567389.5576 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-10T09:37:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-10T06:39:31Z", "ms": -1963761628790.9785 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-11T07:51:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-11T04:53:53Z", "ms": -1963681567389.5576 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-10T11:28:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-10T08:30:35Z", "ms": -1963754964725.9556 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-10T12:16:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-10T09:18:35Z", "ms": -1963752084725.9556 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-11T11:28:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-11T08:30:19Z", "ms": -1963668580611.8975 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-11T12:16:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-11T09:18:19Z", "ms": -1963665700611.8975 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 09:37 on Thu 10 Oct to 07:51 on Fri 11 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-10T06:39:31Z → 1907-10-11T04:53:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:28–12:16 on the 10th, 11:27–12:15 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6664 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Thursday 10 October. Caturthī runs from 09:37 on Thu 10 Oct to 07:51 on Fri 11 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-10-10", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7750, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-13T04:00:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-13T01:02:42Z", "ms": -1963522638392.3433 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-14T02:00:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-13T23:02:25Z", "ms": -1963443455119.952 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-13T04:00:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-13T01:02:42Z", "ms": -1963522638392.3433 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-14T02:00:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-13T23:02:25Z", "ms": -1963443455119.952 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-13T06:09:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-13T03:11:52Z", "ms": -1963514888335.3577 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-13T06:55:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-13T03:57:27Z", "ms": -1963512152691.2468 } }, "covered_min": 46, "window_min": 46, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-14T06:10:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T03:12:44Z", "ms": -1963428435516.2625 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-14T06:56:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T03:58:11Z", "ms": -1963425708844.45 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 45, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 04:00 on Sun 13 Oct to 01:59 on Mon 14 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-13T01:02:42Z → 1907-10-13T23:02:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:09–06:54 on the 13th, 06:10–06:55 on the 14th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 46 of 46 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 45 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7750 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 13 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Durgā Saptamī 1907 falls on Sunday 13 October. Saptamī runs from 04:00 on Sun 13 Oct to 01:59 on Mon 14 Oct and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34030, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-14T02:00:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-13T23:02:25Z", "ms": -1963443455119.952 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-14T23:58:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T21:00:58Z", "ms": -1963364341853.802 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-14T02:00:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-13T23:02:25Z", "ms": -1963443455119.952 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-14T23:58:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T21:00:58Z", "ms": -1963364341853.802 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-14T11:27:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T08:29:35Z", "ms": -1963409425477.6682 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-14T12:15:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T09:17:35Z", "ms": -1963406545477.6682 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-15T11:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T08:29:21Z", "ms": -1963323039445.0718 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-15T12:15:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T09:17:21Z", "ms": -1963320159445.0718 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 01:59 on Mon 14 Oct to 23:58 on Mon 14 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-13T23:02:25Z → 1907-10-14T21:00:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:27–12:15 on the 14th, 11:26–12:14 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 0 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 34030 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1907 falls on Monday 14 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 01:59 on Mon 14 Oct to 23:58 on Mon 14 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34922, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-14T23:58:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T21:00:58Z", "ms": -1963364341853.802 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-15T21:57:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T18:59:23Z", "ms": -1963285237031.8513 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-14T23:58:58+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T21:00:58Z", "ms": -1963364341853.802 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-15T21:57:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T18:59:23Z", "ms": -1963285237031.8513 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-14T11:27:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T08:29:35Z", "ms": -1963409425477.6682 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-14T12:15:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-14T09:17:35Z", "ms": -1963406545477.6682 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-15T11:27:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T08:29:21Z", "ms": -1963323039445.0718 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-15T12:15:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T09:17:21Z", "ms": -1963320159445.0718 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 23:58 on Mon 14 Oct to 21:56 on Tue 15 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-14T21:00:58Z → 1907-10-15T18:59:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:27–12:15 on the 14th, 11:26–12:14 on the 15th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 14th and 48 of 48 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 34922 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahānavamī 1907 falls on Tuesday 15 October. Navamī runs from 23:58 on Mon 14 Oct to 21:56 on Tue 15 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10942, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-15T21:57:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T18:59:23Z", "ms": -1963285237031.8513 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-16T19:57:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-16T16:59:02Z", "ms": -1963206058114.412 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1907-10-15T21:57:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T18:59:23Z", "ms": -1963285237031.8513 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-16T09:14:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-16T06:16:53Z", "ms": -1963244587279.454 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1907-10-15T10:32:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T07:34:37Z", "ms": -1963326323054.8787 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-16T09:14:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-16T06:16:53Z", "ms": -1963244587279.454 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-15T06:11:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T03:13:38Z", "ms": -1963341982385.246 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-15T17:31:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-15T14:33:03Z", "ms": -1963301216504.8975 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 679, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-16T06:12:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-16T03:14:31Z", "ms": -1963255528937.5786 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-16T17:29:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-16T14:31:43Z", "ms": -1963214896838.3774 } }, "covered_min": 182, "window_min": 677, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 21:56 on Tue 15 Oct to 19:56 on Wed 16 Oct, and Śravaṇa from 10:32 on Tue 15 Oct to 09:14 on Wed 16 Oct. They are together from 21:56 on Tue 15 Oct to 09:14 on Wed 16 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-15T18:59:23Z → 1907-10-16T06:16:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:11–17:30 on the 15th, 06:12–17:29 on the 16th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 0 of 679 minutes on the 15th and 182 of 677 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10942 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 16 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1907 falls on Wednesday 16 October. Daśamī runs from 21:56 on Tue 15 Oct to 19:56 on Wed 16 Oct and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 182 minutes.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-10-17", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36983, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-16T19:57:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-16T16:59:02Z", "ms": -1963206058114.412 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-17T18:00:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-17T15:02:10Z", "ms": -1963126670361.678 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-16T19:57:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-16T16:59:02Z", "ms": -1963206058114.412 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-17T18:00:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-17T15:02:10Z", "ms": -1963126670361.678 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-17T06:13:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-17T03:15:25Z", "ms": -1963169075167.6335 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-17T06:13:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-17T03:15:25Z", "ms": -1963169075167.6335 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-18T06:14:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-18T03:16:19Z", "ms": -1963082621068.942 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-18T06:14:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-18T03:16:19Z", "ms": -1963082621068.942 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 19:56 on Wed 16 Oct to 17:59 on Thu 17 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-16T16:59:02Z → 1907-10-17T15:02:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:12 on the 17th and 06:13 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 17th and is not on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36983 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Thursday 17 October. Ekādaśī runs from 19:56 on Wed 16 Oct to 17:59 on Thu 17 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-10-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-10-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4612, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-18T16:10:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-18T13:12:13Z", "ms": -1963046866757.2793 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-19T14:31:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-19T11:33:57Z", "ms": -1962966362813.7046 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-18T16:10:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-18T13:12:13Z", "ms": -1963046866757.2793 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-19T14:31:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-19T11:33:57Z", "ms": -1962966362813.7046 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-18T17:27:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-18T14:29:05Z", "ms": -1963042255173.8396 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-18T19:09:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-18T16:11:30Z", "ms": -1963036110035.2524 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-19T17:25:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-19T14:27:47Z", "ms": -1962955933107.4944 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-19T19:08:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-19T16:10:30Z", "ms": -1962949770274.073 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:09 on Fri 18 Oct to 14:31 on Sat 19 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-18T13:12:13Z → 1907-10-19T11:33:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:26–19:08 on the 18th, 17:25–19:07 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 102 of 102 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 103 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4612 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Friday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Friday 18 October. Trayodaśī runs from 16:09 on Fri 18 Oct to 14:31 on Sat 19 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-10-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21537, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-24T12:47:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-24T09:49:46Z", "ms": -1962540613721.259 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-25T14:16:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-25T11:18:38Z", "ms": -1962448882190.7454 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-24T12:47:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-24T09:49:46Z", "ms": -1962540613721.259 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-25T14:16:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-25T11:18:38Z", "ms": -1962448882190.7454 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-24T19:34:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-24T16:36:39Z", "ms": -1962516201334.5654 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-24T19:34:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-24T16:36:39Z", "ms": -1962516201334.5654 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-25T20:15:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-25T17:17:35Z", "ms": -1962427345382.5837 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-25T20:15:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-25T17:17:35Z", "ms": -1962427345382.5837 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:47 on Thu 24 Oct to 14:16 on Fri 25 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-24T09:49:46Z → 1907-10-25T11:18:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:34 on the 24th and 20:15 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 21537 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1907 falls on Thursday 24 October. Caturthī runs from 12:47 on Thu 24 Oct to 14:16 on Fri 25 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-10-24", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21537, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-24T12:47:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-24T09:49:46Z", "ms": -1962540613721.259 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-25T14:16:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-25T11:18:38Z", "ms": -1962448882190.7454 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-24T12:47:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-24T09:49:46Z", "ms": -1962540613721.259 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-25T14:16:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-25T11:18:38Z", "ms": -1962448882190.7454 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-24T19:34:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-24T16:36:39Z", "ms": -1962516201334.5654 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-24T19:34:39+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-24T16:36:39Z", "ms": -1962516201334.5654 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-25T20:15:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-25T17:17:35Z", "ms": -1962427345382.5837 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-25T20:15:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-25T17:17:35Z", "ms": -1962427345382.5837 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:47 on Thu 24 Oct to 14:16 on Fri 25 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-24T09:49:46Z → 1907-10-25T11:18:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:34 on the 24th and 20:15 on the 25th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 24th and is not on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 21537 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 24 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Thursday 24 October. Caturthī runs from 12:47 on Thu 24 Oct to 14:16 on Fri 25 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-10-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-10-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1781, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1907-10-28T21:29:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-28T18:31:57Z", "ms": -1962163683334.8442 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-30T00:05:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-29T21:07:28Z", "ms": -1962067951817.5098 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-10-28T21:29:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-28T18:31:57Z", "ms": -1962163683334.8442 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-30T00:05:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-29T21:07:28Z", "ms": -1962067951817.5098 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-28T22:41:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-28T19:43:07Z", "ms": -1962159413163.4294 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-28T22:41:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-28T19:43:07Z", "ms": -1962159413163.4294 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-10-29T23:35:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-29T20:37:47Z", "ms": -1962069733048.636 }, "end": { "local": "1907-10-29T23:35:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-10-29T20:37:47Z", "ms": -1962069733048.636 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:29 on Mon 28 Oct to 00:04 on Wed 30 Oct.", "fact": "1907-10-28T18:31:57Z → 1907-10-29T21:07:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:40 on the 28th and 23:35 on the 29th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 28th and is on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both moonrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 1781 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 29 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-10-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1907 falls on Tuesday 29 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:29 on Mon 28 Oct to 00:04 on Wed 30 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-11-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5492, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-01T03:59:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-01T01:01:51Z", "ms": -1961881088777.8767 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-02T04:57:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T01:59:01Z", "ms": -1961791259299.892 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-01T03:59:51+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-01T01:01:51Z", "ms": -1961881088777.8767 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-02T04:57:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T01:59:01Z", "ms": -1961791259299.892 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-01T06:27:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-01T03:29:33Z", "ms": -1961872226588.5754 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-01T06:27:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-01T03:29:33Z", "ms": -1961872226588.5754 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-02T06:28:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T03:30:33Z", "ms": -1961785767246.469 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-02T06:28:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T03:30:33Z", "ms": -1961785767246.469 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 03:59 on Fri 1 Nov to 04:56 on Sat 2 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-01T01:01:51Z → 1907-11-02T01:59:01Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:27 on the 1st and 06:28 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5492 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 1 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ramā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Friday 1 November. Ekādaśī runs from 03:59 on Fri 1 Nov to 04:56 on Sat 2 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-11-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36010, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-02T04:57:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T01:59:01Z", "ms": -1961791259299.892 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-03T05:08:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T02:10:07Z", "ms": -1961704192537.4595 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-02T04:57:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T01:59:01Z", "ms": -1961791259299.892 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-03T05:08:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T02:10:07Z", "ms": -1961704192537.4595 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-01T17:10:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-01T14:12:25Z", "ms": -1961833654759.9446 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-01T18:56:50+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-01T15:58:50Z", "ms": -1961827269758.148 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-02T17:09:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T14:11:23Z", "ms": -1961747317448.1194 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-02T18:56:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T15:58:04Z", "ms": -1961740916135.835 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:56 on Sat 2 Nov to 05:07 on Sun 3 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-02T01:59:01Z → 1907-11-03T02:10:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:09–18:56 on the 1st, 17:08–18:55 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 106 minutes on the 1st and 107 of 107 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 36010 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1907 falls on Saturday 2 November. Dvādaśī runs from 04:56 on Sat 2 Nov to 05:07 on Sun 3 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34763, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-03T05:08:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T02:10:07Z", "ms": -1961704192537.4595 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-04T04:34:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z", "ms": -1961619797902.4395 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-03T05:08:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T02:10:07Z", "ms": -1961704192537.4595 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-04T04:34:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z", "ms": -1961619797902.4395 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-02T17:09:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T14:11:23Z", "ms": -1961747317448.1194 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-02T18:56:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T15:58:04Z", "ms": -1961740916135.835 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-03T17:08:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T14:10:21Z", "ms": -1961660978803.0671 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-03T18:55:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T15:57:19Z", "ms": -1961654561320.5542 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:07 on Sun 3 Nov to 04:34 on Mon 4 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-03T02:10:07Z → 1907-11-04T01:36:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:08–18:55 on the 2nd, 17:07–18:54 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 2nd and 107 of 107 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34763 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yama Dīpadāna 1907 falls on Sunday 3 November. Trayodaśī runs from 05:07 on Sun 3 Nov to 04:34 on Mon 4 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-11-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34763, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-03T05:08:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T02:10:07Z", "ms": -1961704192537.4595 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-04T04:34:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z", "ms": -1961619797902.4395 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-03T05:08:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T02:10:07Z", "ms": -1961704192537.4595 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-04T04:34:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z", "ms": -1961619797902.4395 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-02T17:09:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T14:11:23Z", "ms": -1961747317448.1194 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-02T18:56:04+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-02T15:58:04Z", "ms": -1961740916135.835 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-03T17:08:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T14:10:21Z", "ms": -1961660978803.0671 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-03T18:55:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T15:57:19Z", "ms": -1961654561320.5542 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:07 on Sun 3 Nov to 04:34 on Mon 4 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-03T02:10:07Z → 1907-11-04T01:36:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:08–18:55 on the 2nd, 17:07–18:54 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 2nd and 107 of 107 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34763 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 3 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Sunday 3 November. Trayodaśī runs from 05:07 on Sun 3 Nov to 04:34 on Mon 4 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-11-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 533, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-04T04:34:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z", "ms": -1961619797902.4395 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-05T03:21:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z", "ms": -1961537772470.9678 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-04T04:34:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z", "ms": -1961619797902.4395 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-05T03:21:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z", "ms": -1961537772470.9678 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-04T04:43:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T01:45:35Z", "ms": -1961619265166.7322 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-04T06:30:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T03:32:32Z", "ms": -1961612847684.2192 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-05T04:44:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T01:46:19Z", "ms": -1961532821006.393 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-05T06:31:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T03:33:32Z", "ms": -1961526387500.4636 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:34 on Mon 4 Nov to 03:21 on Tue 5 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z → 1907-11-05T00:23:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:43–06:30 on the 4th, 04:43–06:31 on the 5th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 107 of 107 minutes on the 4th and 0 of 107 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 533 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1907 falls on Monday 4 November. Caturdaśī runs from 04:34 on Mon 4 Nov to 03:21 on Tue 5 Nov and covers all of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-11-04", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11301, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-04T04:34:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z", "ms": -1961619797902.4395 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-05T03:21:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z", "ms": -1961537772470.9678 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-04T04:34:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z", "ms": -1961619797902.4395 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-05T03:21:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z", "ms": -1961537772470.9678 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-03T23:25:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T20:27:27Z", "ms": -1961638353243.643 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-04T00:13:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-03T21:15:27Z", "ms": -1961635473243.643 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-04T23:25:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T20:27:27Z", "ms": -1961551953147.6992 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-05T00:13:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T21:15:27Z", "ms": -1961549073147.6992 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:34 on Mon 4 Nov to 03:21 on Tue 5 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-04T01:36:42Z → 1907-11-05T00:23:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:24–00:12 on the 3rd, 23:24–00:12 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 48 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11301 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Monday 4 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Monday 4 November. Caturdaśī runs from 04:34 on Mon 4 Nov to 03:21 on Tue 5 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-11-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24169, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1907-11-05T03:21:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z", "ms": -1961537772470.9678 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-05T03:21:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z", "ms": -1961537772470.9678 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-04T17:07:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T14:09:21Z", "ms": -1961574638794.9346 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-04T18:54:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T15:56:35Z", "ms": -1961568205289.0051 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-05T17:06:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T14:08:23Z", "ms": -1961488297394.7478 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-05T18:53:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T15:55:52Z", "ms": -1961481848018.9478 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 03:21 on Tue 5 Nov to 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z → 1907-11-05T22:38:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:06–18:54 on the 4th, 17:05–18:53 on the 5th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 4th and 107 of 107 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24169 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1907 falls on Tuesday 5 November. Amāvasyā runs from 03:21 on Tue 5 Nov to 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4993, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1907-11-05T03:21:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z", "ms": -1961537772470.9678 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-05T03:21:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z", "ms": -1961537772470.9678 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-04T23:25:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T20:27:27Z", "ms": -1961551953147.6992 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-05T00:13:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-04T21:15:27Z", "ms": -1961549073147.6992 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-05T23:25:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T20:27:28Z", "ms": -1961465552235.4973 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T00:13:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T21:15:28Z", "ms": -1961462672235.4973 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 03:21 on Tue 5 Nov to 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-05T00:23:48Z → 1907-11-05T22:38:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:24–00:12 on the 4th, 23:24–00:12 on the 5th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 4th and 48 of 48 on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4993 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kālī Pūjā 1907 falls on Tuesday 5 November. Amāvasyā runs from 03:21 on Tue 5 Nov to 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35298, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T23:27:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T20:29:43Z", "ms": -1961379017261.8318 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T23:27:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T20:29:43Z", "ms": -1961379017261.8318 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T11:24:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T08:26:59Z", "ms": -1961422380825.299 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T12:12:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T09:14:59Z", "ms": -1961419500825.299 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-07T11:25:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-07T08:27:02Z", "ms": -1961335978370.722 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-07T12:13:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-07T09:15:02Z", "ms": -1961333098370.722 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov to 23:27 on Wed 6 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z → 1907-11-06T20:29:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 6th, 11:24–12:12 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 35298 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Govardhana Pūjā 1907 falls on Wednesday 6 November. Pratipadā runs from 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov to 23:27 on Wed 6 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16472, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T23:27:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T20:29:43Z", "ms": -1961379017261.8318 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T23:27:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T20:29:43Z", "ms": -1961379017261.8318 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-05T17:06:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T14:08:23Z", "ms": -1961488297394.7478 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-05T18:53:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T15:55:52Z", "ms": -1961481848018.9478 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T17:05:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T14:07:25Z", "ms": -1961401954574.3513 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T18:53:11+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T15:55:11Z", "ms": -1961395489489.1392 } }, "covered_min": 108, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov to 23:27 on Wed 6 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z → 1907-11-06T20:29:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:05–18:53 on the 5th, 17:04–18:52 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 107 minutes on the 5th and 108 of 108 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16472 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bali Pūjā 1907 falls on Wednesday 6 November. Pratipadā runs from 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov to 23:27 on Wed 6 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17752, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T23:27:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T20:29:43Z", "ms": -1961379017261.8318 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T01:36:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z", "ms": -1961457679298.0046 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T23:27:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T20:29:43Z", "ms": -1961379017261.8318 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T06:32:33+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T03:34:33Z", "ms": -1961439927076.2468 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T10:03:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T07:05:30Z", "ms": -1961427269575.615 } }, "covered_min": 211, "window_min": 211, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-07T06:33:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-07T03:35:34Z", "ms": -1961353466435.26 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-07T10:03:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-07T07:05:52Z", "ms": -1961340847725.5679 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 210, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov to 23:27 on Wed 6 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-05T22:38:41Z → 1907-11-06T20:29:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:32–10:03 on the 6th, 06:33–10:03 on the 7th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 211 of 211 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 210 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17752 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 6 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Dyūta Pratipad 1907 falls on Wednesday 6 November. Pratipadā runs from 01:36 on Wed 6 Nov to 23:27 on Wed 6 Nov and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31822, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T23:27:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T20:29:43Z", "ms": -1961379017261.8318 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-07T21:03:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-07T18:05:24Z", "ms": -1961301276435.2253 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T23:27:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T20:29:43Z", "ms": -1961379017261.8318 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-07T21:03:24+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-07T18:05:24Z", "ms": -1961301276435.2253 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-06T11:24:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T08:26:59Z", "ms": -1961422380825.299 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-06T12:12:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-06T09:14:59Z", "ms": -1961419500825.299 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-07T11:25:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-07T08:27:02Z", "ms": -1961335978370.722 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-07T12:13:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-07T09:15:02Z", "ms": -1961333098370.722 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 23:27 on Wed 6 Nov to 21:02 on Thu 7 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-06T20:29:43Z → 1907-11-07T18:05:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 6th, 11:24–12:12 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 48 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 31822 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 7 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1907 falls on Thursday 7 November. Dvitīyā runs from 23:27 on Wed 6 Nov to 21:02 on Thu 7 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13583, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-08T18:31:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-08T15:33:41Z", "ms": -1961223979098.387 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-09T15:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-09T13:01:32Z", "ms": -1961146708371.1536 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-08T18:31:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-08T15:33:41Z", "ms": -1961223979098.387 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-09T15:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-09T13:01:32Z", "ms": -1961146708371.1536 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-08T11:25:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-08T08:27:05Z", "ms": -1961249575083.0369 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-08T12:13:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-08T09:15:05Z", "ms": -1961246695083.0369 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-09T11:25:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-09T08:27:09Z", "ms": -1961163170962.121 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-09T12:13:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-09T09:15:09Z", "ms": -1961160290962.121 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:31 on Fri 8 Nov to 15:59 on Sat 9 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-08T15:33:41Z → 1907-11-09T13:01:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 8th, 11:24–12:12 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 13583 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nāga Caturthī 1907 falls on Saturday 9 November. Caturthī runs from 18:31 on Fri 8 Nov to 15:59 on Sat 9 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-11-09", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13583, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-08T18:31:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-08T15:33:41Z", "ms": -1961223979098.387 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-09T15:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-09T13:01:32Z", "ms": -1961146708371.1536 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-08T18:31:41+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-08T15:33:41Z", "ms": -1961223979098.387 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-09T15:59:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-09T13:01:32Z", "ms": -1961146708371.1536 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-08T11:25:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-08T08:27:05Z", "ms": -1961249575083.0369 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-08T12:13:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-08T09:15:05Z", "ms": -1961246695083.0369 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-09T11:25:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-09T08:27:09Z", "ms": -1961163170962.121 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-09T12:13:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-09T09:15:09Z", "ms": -1961160290962.121 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:31 on Fri 8 Nov to 15:59 on Sat 9 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-08T15:33:41Z → 1907-11-09T13:01:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 8th, 11:24–12:12 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13583 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 9 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Saturday 9 November. Caturthī runs from 18:31 on Fri 8 Nov to 15:59 on Sat 9 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-11-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 618, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-10T13:32:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-10T10:34:34Z", "ms": -1961069125828.5537 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-11T11:15:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-11T08:17:02Z", "ms": -1960990978140.5278 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-10T13:32:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-10T10:34:34Z", "ms": -1961069125828.5537 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-11T11:15:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-11T08:17:02Z", "ms": -1960990978140.5278 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-10T11:25:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-10T08:27:14Z", "ms": -1961076766008.17 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-10T12:13:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-10T09:15:14Z", "ms": -1961073886008.17 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-11T11:25:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-11T08:27:20Z", "ms": -1960990360221.3525 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-11T12:13:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-11T09:15:20Z", "ms": -1960987480221.3525 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:32 on Sun 10 Nov to 11:14 on Mon 11 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-10T10:34:34Z → 1907-11-11T08:17:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 10th, 11:24–12:12 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 0 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 618 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 11 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1907 falls on Monday 11 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:32 on Sun 10 Nov to 11:14 on Mon 11 Nov, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8138, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-12T09:09:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-12T06:11:48Z", "ms": -1960912092095.2842 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-13T07:18:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T04:20:42Z", "ms": -1960832358114.0076 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-12T09:09:48+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-12T06:11:48Z", "ms": -1960912092095.2842 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-13T07:18:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T04:20:42Z", "ms": -1960832358114.0076 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-12T11:25:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-12T08:27:26Z", "ms": -1960903953601.607 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-12T12:13:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-12T09:15:26Z", "ms": -1960901073601.607 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-13T11:25:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T08:27:34Z", "ms": -1960817546148.5781 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-13T12:13:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T09:15:34Z", "ms": -1960814666148.5781 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 09:09 on Tue 12 Nov to 07:18 on Wed 13 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-12T06:11:48Z → 1907-11-13T04:20:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:24–12:12 on the 12th, 11:25–12:13 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8138 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 12 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gopāṣṭamī 1907 falls on Tuesday 12 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 09:09 on Tue 12 Nov to 07:18 on Wed 13 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2341, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-13T07:18:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T04:20:42Z", "ms": -1960832358114.0076 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-14T05:42:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-14T02:44:55Z", "ms": -1960751704537.1538 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-13T07:18:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T04:20:42Z", "ms": -1960832358114.0076 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-14T05:42:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-14T02:44:55Z", "ms": -1960751704537.1538 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-13T06:39:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T03:41:40Z", "ms": -1960834699558.468 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-13T10:06:16+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T07:08:16Z", "ms": -1960822303951.8748 } }, "covered_min": 168, "window_min": 207, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-14T06:40:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-14T03:42:42Z", "ms": -1960748238174.316 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-14T10:06:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-14T07:08:42Z", "ms": -1960735877965.896 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 206, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 07:18 on Wed 13 Nov to 05:42 on Thu 14 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-13T04:20:42Z → 1907-11-14T02:44:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:39–10:05 on the 13th, 06:40–10:06 on the 14th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 168 of 207 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 206 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2341 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1907 falls on Wednesday 13 November. Navamī runs from 07:18 on Wed 13 Nov to 05:42 on Thu 14 Nov and covers 168 of 207 minutes of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14812, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-13T07:18:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T04:20:42Z", "ms": -1960832358114.0076 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-14T05:42:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-14T02:44:55Z", "ms": -1960751704537.1538 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-13T07:18:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T04:20:42Z", "ms": -1960832358114.0076 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-14T05:42:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-14T02:44:55Z", "ms": -1960751704537.1538 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-13T11:25:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T08:27:34Z", "ms": -1960817546148.5781 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-13T12:13:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-13T09:15:34Z", "ms": -1960814666148.5781 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-14T11:25:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-14T08:27:42Z", "ms": -1960731137861.686 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-14T12:13:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-14T09:15:42Z", "ms": -1960728257861.686 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 07:18 on Wed 13 Nov to 05:42 on Thu 14 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-13T04:20:42Z → 1907-11-14T02:44:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:25–12:13 on the 13th, 11:25–12:13 on the 14th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 13th and 0 of 48 on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 14812 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Durgā Navamī 1907 falls on Wednesday 13 November. Navamī runs from 07:18 on Wed 13 Nov to 05:42 on Thu 14 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-11-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8291, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-15T04:23:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-15T01:25:32Z", "ms": -1960670067650.4106 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-16T03:21:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-16T00:23:56Z", "ms": -1960587364242.3455 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-15T04:23:32+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-15T01:25:32Z", "ms": -1960670067650.4106 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-16T03:21:56+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-16T00:23:56Z", "ms": -1960587364242.3455 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-15T06:41:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-15T03:43:43Z", "ms": -1960661776798.321 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-15T06:41:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-15T03:43:43Z", "ms": -1960661776798.321 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-16T06:42:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-16T03:44:45Z", "ms": -1960575315458.2466 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-16T06:42:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-16T03:44:45Z", "ms": -1960575315458.2466 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:23 on Fri 15 Nov to 03:21 on Sat 16 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-15T01:25:32Z → 1907-11-16T00:23:56Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 15th and 06:42 on the 16th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 8291 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Friday 15 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Friday 15 November. Ekādaśī runs from 04:23 on Fri 15 Nov to 03:21 on Sat 16 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-11-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-11-17", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27223, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-17T02:40:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-16T23:42:07Z", "ms": -1960503473486.5283 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-18T02:20:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-17T23:22:47Z", "ms": -1960418233240.513 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-17T02:40:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-16T23:42:07Z", "ms": -1960503473486.5283 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-18T02:20:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-17T23:22:47Z", "ms": -1960418233240.513 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-16T16:57:18+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-16T13:59:18Z", "ms": -1960538442109.4834 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-16T18:47:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-16T15:49:30Z", "ms": -1960531830386.037 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-17T16:56:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-17T13:58:38Z", "ms": -1960452081800.953 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-17T18:47:03+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-17T15:49:03Z", "ms": -1960445456627.9119 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:39 on Sun 17 Nov to 02:20 on Mon 18 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-16T23:42:07Z → 1907-11-17T23:22:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:56–18:46 on the 16th, 16:56–18:46 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 16th and 110 of 110 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27223 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 17 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Sunday 17 November. Trayodaśī runs from 02:39 on Sun 17 Nov to 02:20 on Mon 18 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-11-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30276, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-11-19T02:27:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-18T23:29:07Z", "ms": -1960331453438.6162 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-20T03:02:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-20T00:04:13Z", "ms": -1960242947052.3574 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-19T02:27:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-18T23:29:07Z", "ms": -1960331453438.6162 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-20T03:02:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-20T00:04:13Z", "ms": -1960242947052.3574 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-19T11:26:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-19T08:28:36Z", "ms": -1960299083906.4536 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-19T12:14:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-19T09:16:36Z", "ms": -1960296203906.4536 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-20T11:26:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-20T08:28:49Z", "ms": -1960212670615.8757 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-20T12:14:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-20T09:16:49Z", "ms": -1960209790615.8757 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:26 on Tue 19 Nov to 03:01 on Wed 20 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-18T23:29:07Z → 1907-11-20T00:04:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:26–12:14 on the 19th, 11:26–12:14 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30276 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 19 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1907 falls on Tuesday 19 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:26 on Tue 19 Nov to 03:01 on Wed 20 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7932, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-11-19T02:27:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-18T23:29:07Z", "ms": -1960331453438.6162 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-20T03:02:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-20T00:04:13Z", "ms": -1960242947052.3574 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-19T02:27:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-18T23:29:07Z", "ms": -1960331453438.6162 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-20T03:02:13+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-20T00:04:13Z", "ms": -1960242947052.3574 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-18T23:26:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-18T20:28:54Z", "ms": -1960342265837.9172 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-19T00:14:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-18T21:16:54Z", "ms": -1960339385837.9172 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-11-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-19T23:27:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-19T20:29:07Z", "ms": -1960255853456.119 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-20T00:15:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-19T21:17:07Z", "ms": -1960252973456.119 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:26 on Tue 19 Nov to 03:01 on Wed 20 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-18T23:29:07Z → 1907-11-20T00:04:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:26–00:14 on the 18th, 23:26–00:14 on the 19th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 48 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7932 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 19 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rāsayātrā 1907 falls on Tuesday 19 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:26 on Tue 19 Nov to 03:01 on Wed 20 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-11-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36525, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-23T07:52:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-23T04:54:53Z", "ms": -1959966306858.2285 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-24T10:22:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-24T07:24:45Z", "ms": -1959870914633.17 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-23T07:52:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-23T04:54:53Z", "ms": -1959966306858.2285 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-24T10:22:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-24T07:24:45Z", "ms": -1959870914633.17 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-23T19:40:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-23T16:42:36Z", "ms": -1959923843936.3894 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-23T19:40:36+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-23T16:42:36Z", "ms": -1959923843936.3894 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-11-24T20:31:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-24T17:33:31Z", "ms": -1959834389391.8513 }, "end": { "local": "1907-11-24T20:31:31+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-24T17:33:31Z", "ms": -1959834389391.8513 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:52 on Sat 23 Nov to 10:22 on Sun 24 Nov.", "fact": "1907-11-23T04:54:53Z → 1907-11-24T07:24:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:40 on the 23rd and 20:31 on the 24th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 23rd and is not on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36525 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Saturday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Saturday 23 November. Caturthī runs from 07:52 on Sat 23 Nov to 10:22 on Sun 24 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-11-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-12-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32334, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-11-30T21:58:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-30T19:00:44Z", "ms": -1959310755955.7505 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-01T21:37:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-01T18:39:21Z", "ms": -1959225638912.2659 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-11-30T21:58:44+02:58", "utc": "1907-11-30T19:00:44Z", "ms": -1959310755955.7505 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-01T21:37:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-01T18:39:21Z", "ms": -1959225638912.2659 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-01T06:57:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-01T03:59:38Z", "ms": -1959278422023.6445 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-01T06:57:38+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-01T03:59:38Z", "ms": -1959278422023.6445 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-02T06:58:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-02T04:00:34Z", "ms": -1959191966030.9592 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-02T06:58:34+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-02T04:00:34Z", "ms": -1959191966030.9592 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:58 on Sat 30 Nov to 21:36 on Sun 1 Dec.", "fact": "1907-11-30T19:00:44Z → 1907-12-01T18:39:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:57 on the 1st and 06:58 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 32334 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Sunday 1 December. Ekādaśī runs from 21:58 on Sat 30 Nov to 21:36 on Sun 1 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-12-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-12-03", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 414, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-02T20:28:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-02T17:30:09Z", "ms": -1959143391356.9597 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-03T18:36:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-03T15:38:46Z", "ms": -1959063674385.731 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-02T20:28:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-02T17:30:09Z", "ms": -1959143391356.9597 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-03T18:36:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-03T15:38:46Z", "ms": -1959063674385.731 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-02T16:50:28+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-02T13:52:28Z", "ms": -1959156452168.3772 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-02T18:43:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-02T15:45:40Z", "ms": -1959149659978.9004 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-03T16:50:19+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-03T13:52:19Z", "ms": -1959070061015.4238 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-03T18:43:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-03T15:45:40Z", "ms": -1959063260376.788 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:27 on Mon 2 Dec to 18:36 on Tue 3 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-02T17:30:09Z → 1907-12-03T15:38:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:49–18:43 on the 2nd, 16:49–18:43 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 2nd and 106 of 113 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 414 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-03", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Tuesday 3 December. Trayodaśī runs from 20:27 on Mon 2 Dec to 18:36 on Tue 3 Dec and covers 106 of 113 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-12-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-12-03", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17676, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-03T18:36:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-03T15:38:46Z", "ms": -1959063674385.731 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-04T16:11:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-04T13:13:05Z", "ms": -1958986014902.021 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-03T18:36:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-03T15:38:46Z", "ms": -1959063674385.731 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-04T16:11:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-04T13:13:05Z", "ms": -1958986014902.021 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-03T23:31:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-03T20:33:21Z", "ms": -1959045998620.54 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-04T00:19:21+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-03T21:21:21Z", "ms": -1959043118620.54 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-04T23:31:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-04T20:33:45Z", "ms": -1958959575172.2197 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-05T00:19:45+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-04T21:21:45Z", "ms": -1958956695172.2197 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:36 on Tue 3 Dec to 16:10 on Wed 4 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-03T15:38:46Z → 1907-12-04T13:13:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:30–00:18 on the 3rd, 23:31–00:19 on the 4th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17676 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 3 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1907 falls on Tuesday 3 December. Caturdaśī runs from 18:36 on Tue 3 Dec to 16:10 on Wed 4 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/shivaratri?on=1907-12-03", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-12-08", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27717, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-08T03:51:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T00:53:02Z", "ms": -1958684818291.0862 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-09T00:51:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T21:53:37Z", "ms": -1958609183153.8577 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-08T03:51:02+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T00:53:02Z", "ms": -1958684818291.0862 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-09T00:51:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T21:53:37Z", "ms": -1958609183153.8577 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-08T11:32:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T08:34:59Z", "ms": -1958657100796.8716 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-08T12:20:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T09:22:59Z", "ms": -1958654220796.8716 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T11:33:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T08:35:26Z", "ms": -1958570674195.9146 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-09T12:21:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T09:23:26Z", "ms": -1958567794195.9146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:50 on Sun 8 Dec to 00:51 on Mon 9 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-08T00:53:02Z → 1907-12-08T21:53:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:32–12:20 on the 8th, 11:32–12:20 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27717 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 8 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1907 falls on Sunday 8 December. Caturthī runs from 03:50 on Sun 8 Dec to 00:51 on Mon 9 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1907-12-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35294, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T00:51:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T21:53:37Z", "ms": -1958609183153.8577 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-09T22:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T19:11:40Z", "ms": -1958532499795.8462 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T00:51:37+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T21:53:37Z", "ms": -1958609183153.8577 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-09T22:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T19:11:40Z", "ms": -1958532499795.8462 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-08T11:32:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T08:34:59Z", "ms": -1958657100796.8716 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-08T12:20:59+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-08T09:22:59Z", "ms": -1958654220796.8716 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T11:33:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T08:35:26Z", "ms": -1958570674195.9146 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-09T12:21:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T09:23:26Z", "ms": -1958567794195.9146 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 00:51 on Mon 9 Dec to 22:09 on Mon 9 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-08T21:53:37Z → 1907-12-09T19:11:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:32–12:20 on the 8th, 11:32–12:20 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 35294 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Mosul, 1907: Monday 9 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1907 falls on Monday 9 December. Pañcamī runs from 00:51 on Mon 9 Dec to 22:09 on Mon 9 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26930, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T22:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T19:11:40Z", "ms": -1958532499795.8462 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-10T19:50:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T16:52:43Z", "ms": -1958454437118.6392 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T22:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T19:11:40Z", "ms": -1958532499795.8462 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-10T19:50:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T16:52:43Z", "ms": -1958454437118.6392 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T11:33:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T08:35:26Z", "ms": -1958570674195.9146 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-09T12:21:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T09:23:26Z", "ms": -1958567794195.9146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-10T11:33:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T08:35:53Z", "ms": -1958484247141.0383 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-10T12:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T09:23:53Z", "ms": -1958481367141.0383 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 22:09 on Mon 9 Dec to 19:50 on Tue 10 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-09T19:11:40Z → 1907-12-10T16:52:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:32–12:20 on the 9th, 11:33–12:21 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26930 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1907 falls on Tuesday 10 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 22:09 on Mon 9 Dec to 19:50 on Tue 10 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26930, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T22:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T19:11:40Z", "ms": -1958532499795.8462 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-10T19:50:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T16:52:43Z", "ms": -1958454437118.6392 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T22:09:40+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T19:11:40Z", "ms": -1958532499795.8462 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-10T19:50:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T16:52:43Z", "ms": -1958454437118.6392 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-09T11:33:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T08:35:26Z", "ms": -1958570674195.9146 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-09T12:21:26+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-09T09:23:26Z", "ms": -1958567794195.9146 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-10T11:33:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T08:35:53Z", "ms": -1958484247141.0383 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-10T12:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T09:23:53Z", "ms": -1958481367141.0383 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 22:09 on Mon 9 Dec to 19:50 on Tue 10 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-09T19:11:40Z → 1907-12-10T16:52:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:32–12:20 on the 9th, 11:33–12:21 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 26930 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 10 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1907 falls on Tuesday 10 December. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 22:09 on Mon 9 Dec to 19:50 on Tue 10 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20189, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-10T19:50:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T16:52:43Z", "ms": -1958454437118.6392 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-11T17:58:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-11T15:00:49Z", "ms": -1958374750962.9802 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-10T19:50:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T16:52:43Z", "ms": -1958454437118.6392 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-11T17:58:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-11T15:00:49Z", "ms": -1958374750962.9802 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-10T11:33:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T08:35:53Z", "ms": -1958484247141.0383 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-10T12:21:53+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-10T09:23:53Z", "ms": -1958481367141.0383 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-11T11:34:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-11T08:36:20Z", "ms": -1958397819663.3516 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-11T12:22:20+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-11T09:24:20Z", "ms": -1958394939663.3516 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 19:50 on Tue 10 Dec to 17:58 on Wed 11 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-10T16:52:43Z → 1907-12-11T15:00:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:33–12:21 on the 10th, 11:33–12:21 on the 11th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 10th and 48 of 48 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20189 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Mosul, 1907: Wednesday 11 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mitra Saptamī 1907 falls on Wednesday 11 December. Saptamī runs from 19:50 on Tue 10 Dec to 17:58 on Wed 11 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-12-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29785, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-14T15:25:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-14T12:27:00Z", "ms": -1958124780222.4404 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-15T15:35:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-15T12:37:09Z", "ms": -1958037771360.8286 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-14T15:25:00+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-14T12:27:00Z", "ms": -1958124780222.4404 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-15T15:35:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-15T12:37:09Z", "ms": -1958037771360.8286 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-14T07:08:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-14T04:10:35Z", "ms": -1958154565120.123 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-14T07:08:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-14T04:10:35Z", "ms": -1958154565120.123 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-15T07:09:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-15T04:11:17Z", "ms": -1958068122583.474 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-15T07:09:17+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-15T04:11:17Z", "ms": -1958068122583.474 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:24 on Sat 14 Dec to 15:34 on Sun 15 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-14T12:27:00Z → 1907-12-15T12:37:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:08 on the 14th and 07:08 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29785 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Sunday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Sunday 15 December. Ekādaśī runs from 15:24 on Sat 14 Dec to 15:34 on Sun 15 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-12-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11455, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-15T15:35:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-15T12:37:09Z", "ms": -1958037771360.8286 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-16T16:14:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-16T13:16:35Z", "ms": -1957949005140.0898 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-15T15:35:09+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-15T12:37:09Z", "ms": -1958037771360.8286 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-16T16:14:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-16T13:16:35Z", "ms": -1957949005140.0898 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-15T11:36:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-15T08:38:14Z", "ms": -1958052106127.0232 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-15T12:24:14+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-15T09:26:14Z", "ms": -1958049226127.0232 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-16T11:36:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-16T08:38:43Z", "ms": -1957965676984.482 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-16T12:24:43+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-16T09:26:43Z", "ms": -1957962796984.482 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 15:34 on Sun 15 Dec to 16:14 on Mon 16 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-15T12:37:09Z → 1907-12-16T13:16:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:35–12:23 on the 15th, 11:36–12:24 on the 16th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11455 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1907 falls on Monday 16 December. Dvādaśī runs from 15:34 on Sun 15 Dec to 16:14 on Mon 16 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-12-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-16", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1808, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-16T16:14:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-16T13:16:35Z", "ms": -1957949005140.0898 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-17T17:21:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-17T14:23:54Z", "ms": -1957858565737.3555 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-16T16:14:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-16T13:16:35Z", "ms": -1957949005140.0898 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-17T17:21:54+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-17T14:23:54Z", "ms": -1957858565737.3555 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-16T16:51:27+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-16T13:53:27Z", "ms": -1957946792539.5527 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-16T18:46:01+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-16T15:48:01Z", "ms": -1957939919094.1218 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1907-12-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-17T16:51:47+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-17T13:53:47Z", "ms": -1957860373496.2197 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-17T18:46:23+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-17T15:48:23Z", "ms": -1957853497487.5542 } }, "covered_min": 30, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 16:14 on Mon 16 Dec to 17:21 on Tue 17 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-16T13:16:35Z → 1907-12-17T14:23:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:50–18:45 on the 16th, 16:51–18:45 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 115 of 115 minutes on the 16th and 30 of 115 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1808 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1907: Monday 16 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-16", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-16", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1907 falls on Monday 16 December. Trayodaśī runs from 16:14 on Mon 16 Dec to 17:21 on Tue 17 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the next evening for 30 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/pradosha-vrata?on=1907-12-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 520, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1907-12-18T18:55:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-18T15:57:25Z", "ms": -1957766554509.7617 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-19T20:52:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-19T17:54:55Z", "ms": -1957673104750.1853 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-18T18:55:25+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-18T15:57:25Z", "ms": -1957766554509.7617 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-19T20:52:55+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-19T17:54:55Z", "ms": -1957673104750.1853 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-18T16:52:07+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-18T13:54:07Z", "ms": -1957773952560.4834 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-18T18:46:46+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-18T15:48:46Z", "ms": -1957767074441.076 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-19T16:52:30+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-19T13:54:30Z", "ms": -1957687529754.0205 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-19T18:47:10+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-19T15:49:10Z", "ms": -1957680649978.425 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 18:54 on Wed 18 Dec to 20:52 on Thu 19 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-18T15:57:25Z → 1907-12-19T17:54:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:51–18:46 on the 18th, 16:52–18:46 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 115 minutes on the 18th and 115 of 115 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 520 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Mosul, 1907: Thursday 19 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1907 falls on Thursday 19 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 18:54 on Wed 18 Dec to 20:52 on Thu 19 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-12-23", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33105, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-23T04:28:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-23T01:30:57Z", "ms": -1957386542990.109 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-24T07:12:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-24T04:14:42Z", "ms": -1957290317971.378 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-23T04:28:57+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-23T01:30:57Z", "ms": -1957386542990.109 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-24T07:12:42+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-24T04:14:42Z", "ms": -1957290317971.378 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-22T19:17:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-22T16:19:12Z", "ms": -1957419648227.484 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-22T19:17:12+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-22T16:19:12Z", "ms": -1957419648227.484 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-23T20:12:06+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-23T17:14:06Z", "ms": -1957329953915.8372 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-23T20:12:06+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-23T17:14:06Z", "ms": -1957329953915.8372 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:28 on Mon 23 Dec to 07:12 on Tue 24 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-23T01:30:57Z → 1907-12-24T04:14:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:16 on the 22nd and 20:11 on the 23rd.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33105 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1907: Monday 23 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1907 falls on Monday 23 December. Caturthī runs from 04:28 on Mon 23 Dec to 07:12 on Tue 24 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1907-12-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-12-31", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1907, "local_date": "1907-12-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18630, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1907-12-30T13:56:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-30T10:58:52Z", "ms": -1956747668371.8228 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-31T12:27:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-31T09:29:35Z", "ms": -1956666625181.1594 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1907-12-30T13:56:52+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-30T10:58:52Z", "ms": -1956747668371.8228 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-31T12:27:35+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-31T09:29:35Z", "ms": -1956666625181.1594 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1907-12-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-30T07:16:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-30T04:18:49Z", "ms": -1956771671112.9534 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-30T07:16:49+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-30T04:18:49Z", "ms": -1956771671112.9534 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1907-12-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1907-12-31T07:17:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-31T04:19:05Z", "ms": -1956685254919.7847 }, "end": { "local": "1907-12-31T07:17:05+02:58", "utc": "1907-12-31T04:19:05Z", "ms": -1956685254919.7847 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:56 on Mon 30 Dec to 12:27 on Tue 31 Dec.", "fact": "1907-12-30T10:58:52Z → 1907-12-31T09:29:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:16 on the 30th and 07:16 on the 31st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18630 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1907: Tuesday 31 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1907-12-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1907 falls on Tuesday 31 December. Ekādaśī runs from 13:56 on Mon 30 Dec to 12:27 on Tue 31 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1907/ekadashi?on=1907-12-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }