{ "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971", "place": { "id": "99072", "slug": "mosul", "name": "Mosul", "region": "Nineveh, Iraq", "country": "IQ", "lat": 36.335, "lon": 43.11889, "elevation_m": 228, "tz": "Asia/Baghdad" }, "year": 1971, "tradition": "smarta", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "rulings": [ { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-01-07", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29589, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-06T16:22:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-06T13:22:55Z", "ms": 32016175476.26278 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-07T15:33:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-07T12:33:06Z", "ms": 32099585987.341198 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-06T16:22:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-06T13:22:55Z", "ms": 32016175476.26278 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-07T15:33:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-07T12:33:06Z", "ms": 32099585987.341198 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-06T07:19:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-06T04:19:56Z", "ms": 31983595610.98448 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-06T07:19:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-06T04:19:56Z", "ms": 31983595610.98448 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-01-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-07T07:19:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-07T04:19:57Z", "ms": 32069996591.13871 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-07T07:19:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-07T04:19:57Z", "ms": 32069996591.13871 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:23 on Wed 6 Jan to 15:33 on Thu 7 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-06T13:22:55Z → 1971-01-07T12:33:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:20 on the 6th and 07:20 on the 7th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 6th and is on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29589 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 7 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Putradā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Thursday 7 January. Ekādaśī runs from 16:23 on Wed 6 Jan to 15:33 on Thu 7 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-01-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-01-08", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7358, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-08T15:05:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-08T12:05:44Z", "ms": 32184343956.05981 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-09T15:02:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-09T12:02:59Z", "ms": 32270578728.41194 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-08T15:05:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-08T12:05:44Z", "ms": 32184343956.05981 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-09T15:02:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-09T12:02:59Z", "ms": 32270578728.41194 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-08T17:08:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-08T14:08:21Z", "ms": 32191701463.9215 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-08T19:01:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-08T16:01:54Z", "ms": 32198513607.2567 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-01-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-09T17:09:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-09T14:09:16Z", "ms": 32278155726.902065 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-09T19:02:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-09T16:02:40Z", "ms": 32284959964.68846 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:06 on Fri 8 Jan to 15:03 on Sat 9 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-08T12:05:44Z → 1971-01-09T12:02:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:08–19:02 on the 8th, 17:09–19:03 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 114 of 114 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 113 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7358 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Friday 8 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Friday 8 January. Trayodaśī runs from 15:06 on Fri 8 Jan to 15:03 on Sat 9 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-01-08", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/bhogi", "festival": "bhogi", "name": "Bhogi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26251, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-12T22:54:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-12T19:54:47Z", "ms": 35236487235.08237 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-13T17:13:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-13T14:13:01Z", "ms": 32623981448.91908 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-14T17:14:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T14:14:00Z", "ms": 32710439821.073116 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T17:14:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T14:14:00Z", "ms": 32710439821.073116 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-15T17:14:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-15T14:14:59Z", "ms": 32796898880.263805 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "days": -1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 09:56 on Thu 14 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:14, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:15.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 26251 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Bhogi is kept the day before Pongal: Thursday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal − 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhogi, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 13 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "bhogi", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": -1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1971-01-13", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1971-01-13", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bhogi 1971 falls on Wednesday 13 January. It is kept the day before Pongal, which falls on Thursday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 09:56 on Thu 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/bhogi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pongal", "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26251, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-12T22:54:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-12T19:54:47Z", "ms": 35236487235.08237 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-13T17:13:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-13T14:13:01Z", "ms": 32623981448.91908 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-14T17:14:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T14:14:00Z", "ms": 32710439821.073116 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T17:14:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T14:14:00Z", "ms": 32710439821.073116 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-15T17:14:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-15T14:14:59Z", "ms": 32796898880.263805 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 09:56 on Thu 14 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:14, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:15.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 26251 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pongal, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "pongal", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The rule that heads the solar festivals, the day \"taken to begin from midnight\" (p. 106), is not applied to Pongal. It is kept on the first day of the month of Makara as the Tamil districts count it, a transit after sunset going to the next day (p. 244); the Rashtriya Panchang prints Pongal so.", "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Pongal 1971 falls on Thursday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 09:56 on Thu 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/makara-sankranti", "festival": "makara-sankranti", "name": "Makara Saṅkrānti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35789, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-12T22:54:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-12T19:54:47Z", "ms": 35236487235.08237 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 } }, "kaala": "civil-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-13T00:00:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-12T21:00:00Z", "ms": 32562000000 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-14T00:00:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-13T21:00:00Z", "ms": 32648400000 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T00:00:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-13T21:00:00Z", "ms": 32648400000 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-15T00:00:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T21:00:00Z", "ms": 32734800000 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1440, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 09:56 on Thu 14 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Mosul.", "fact": "civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Baghdad" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 14th, not the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 35789 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Makara Saṅkrānti, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 14 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "makara-sankranti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "midnight" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Makara Saṅkrānti 1971 falls on Thursday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 09:56 on Thu 14 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/makara-sankranti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/mattu-pongal", "festival": "mattu-pongal", "name": "Mattu Pongal", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26251, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 9, "key": "makara", "name": "Makara", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-12T22:54:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-12T19:54:47Z", "ms": 35236487235.08237 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-14T09:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z", "ms": 32684188726.665817 } }, "kaala": "sunset-day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-13T17:13:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-13T14:13:01Z", "ms": 32623981448.91908 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-14T17:14:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T14:14:00Z", "ms": 32710439821.073116 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T17:14:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T14:14:00Z", "ms": 32710439821.073116 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-15T17:14:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-15T14:14:59Z", "ms": 32796898880.263805 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "name": "Pongal", "local_date": "1971-01-14", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Makara at 09:56 on Thu 14 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-14T06:56:29Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day is counted from the sunset before it to its own sunset: the day of the 14th ends at 17:14, and the day of the 15th ends at 17:15.", "fact": "sunset-day: sunset-to-sunset · sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from the sunset before it: a transit after sunset belongs to the next day. The transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunset → only-day · margin 26251 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Mattu Pongal is kept the day after Pongal: Thursday 14 January is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: pongal + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mattu Pongal, Mosul, 1971: Friday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "mattu-pongal", "follows": { "festival": "pongal", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } ], "rashi": "Makara", "day_from": "sunset" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1971-01-15", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunrise-day", "local_date": "1971-01-15", "statement": "Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Orissa rule: In Orissa the solar months of the Amli and Vilayati eras begin civilly on the same day (sunrise to next sunrise) as the samkranti, irrespective of whether this takes place before or after midnight." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mattu Pongal 1971 falls on Friday 15 January. It is kept the day after Pongal, which falls on Thursday 14 January. The Sun enters Makara at 09:56 on Thu 14 Jan. The rule counts the day from sunset to sunset, and the transit falls between the sunsets of the 13th and the 14th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/mattu-pongal", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-01-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6432, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T21:52:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T18:52:52Z", "ms": 32727172169.82021 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-16T00:28:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-15T21:28:39Z", "ms": 32822919058.994305 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T21:52:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T18:52:52Z", "ms": 32727172169.82021 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-16T00:28:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-15T21:28:39Z", "ms": 32822919058.994305 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-14T20:05:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T17:05:40Z", "ms": 32720740066.6537 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-14T20:05:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-14T17:05:40Z", "ms": 32720740066.6537 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-01-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-15T21:03:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-15T18:03:04Z", "ms": 32810584487.39479 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-15T21:03:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-15T18:03:04Z", "ms": 32810584487.39479 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 21:53 on Thu 14 Jan to 00:29 on Sat 16 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-14T18:52:52Z → 1971-01-15T21:28:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:06 on the 14th and 21:03 on the 15th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6432 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Friday 15 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Friday 15 January. Caturthī runs from 21:53 on Thu 14 Jan to 00:29 on Sat 16 Jan and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-01-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-01-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12598, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-22T11:18:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-22T08:18:21Z", "ms": 33380301138.65393 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-23T10:45:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-23T07:45:42Z", "ms": 33464741852.311245 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-22T11:18:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-22T08:18:21Z", "ms": 33380301138.65393 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-23T10:45:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-23T07:45:42Z", "ms": 33464741852.311245 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-22T07:16:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-22T04:16:14Z", "ms": 33365774049.915466 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-22T07:16:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-22T04:16:14Z", "ms": 33365774049.915466 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-01-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-23T07:15:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-23T04:15:44Z", "ms": 33452143891.527298 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-23T07:15:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-23T04:15:44Z", "ms": 33452143891.527298 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 11:18 on Fri 22 Jan to 10:46 on Sat 23 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-22T08:18:21Z → 1971-01-23T07:45:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:16 on the 22nd and 07:16 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12598 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 23 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ṣaṭtilā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Saturday 23 January. Ekādaśī runs from 11:18 on Fri 22 Jan to 10:46 on Sat 23 Jan and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-01-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-01-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28670, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-24T09:26:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-24T06:26:24Z", "ms": 33546384001.50116 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-25T07:26:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T04:26:11Z", "ms": 33625570738.914764 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-24T09:26:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-24T06:26:24Z", "ms": 33546384001.50116 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-25T07:26:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T04:26:11Z", "ms": 33625570738.914764 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-24T17:24:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-24T14:24:14Z", "ms": 33575054001.087646 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-24T19:14:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-24T16:14:57Z", "ms": 33581697217.32419 } }, "covered_min": 111, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-25T17:25:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T14:25:17Z", "ms": 33661517491.55278 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-25T19:15:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T16:15:47Z", "ms": 33668147499.64732 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:26 on Sun 24 Jan to 07:26 on Mon 25 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-24T06:26:24Z → 1971-01-25T04:26:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:24–19:15 on the 24th, 17:25–19:16 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 111 of 111 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 111 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28670 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 24 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Sunday 24 January. Trayodaśī runs from 09:26 on Sun 24 Jan to 07:26 on Mon 25 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-01-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/yama-tarpana", "festival": "yama-tarpana", "name": "Yama Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 693, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-25T07:26:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T04:26:11Z", "ms": 33625570738.914764 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-26T04:52:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-26T01:52:47Z", "ms": 33702767131.4917 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-25T07:26:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T04:26:11Z", "ms": 33625570738.914764 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-26T04:52:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-26T01:52:47Z", "ms": 33702767131.4917 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-25T05:23:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T02:23:55Z", "ms": 33618234906.62517 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-25T07:14:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T04:14:38Z", "ms": 33624878122.861713 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-01-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-26T05:23:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-26T02:23:33Z", "ms": 33704612544.167294 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-26T07:14:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-26T04:14:03Z", "ms": 33711242552.261833 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 111, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:26 on Mon 25 Jan to 04:53 on Tue 26 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-25T04:26:11Z → 1971-01-26T01:52:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:24–07:15 on the 25th, 05:24–07:14 on the 26th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 111 minutes on the 25th and 0 of 111 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither dawn qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 693 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Tarpaṇa, Mosul, 1971: Monday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Yama tarpana (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-25", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yama Tarpaṇa 1971 falls on Monday 25 January. Caturdaśī runs from 07:26 on Mon 25 Jan to 04:53 on Tue 26 Jan, and reaches aruṇodaya on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/yama-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-01-25", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14947, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-25T07:26:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T04:26:11Z", "ms": 33625570738.914764 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-26T04:52:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-26T01:52:47Z", "ms": 33702767131.4917 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-25T07:26:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T04:26:11Z", "ms": 33625570738.914764 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-26T04:52:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-26T01:52:47Z", "ms": 33702767131.4917 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-24T23:55:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-24T20:55:26Z", "ms": 33598526061.974678 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-25T00:43:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-24T21:43:26Z", "ms": 33601406061.974678 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-01-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-25T23:55:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T20:55:40Z", "ms": 33684940021.907307 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-26T00:43:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-25T21:43:40Z", "ms": 33687820021.907307 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 07:26 on Mon 25 Jan to 04:53 on Tue 26 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-25T04:26:11Z → 1971-01-26T01:52:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:55–00:43 on the 24th, 23:56–00:44 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14947 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Monday 25 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Monday 25 January. Caturdaśī runs from 07:26 on Mon 25 Jan to 04:53 on Tue 26 Jan and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-01-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/tila-chaturthi", "festival": "tila-chaturthi", "name": "Tila Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4792, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-29T16:09:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-29T13:09:41Z", "ms": 34002580583.97979 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-30T13:06:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z", "ms": 34077992235.406322 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-29T16:09:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-29T13:09:41Z", "ms": 34002580583.97979 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-30T13:06:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z", "ms": 34077992235.406322 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-29T17:29:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-29T14:29:33Z", "ms": 34007373013.06751 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-29T19:19:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-29T16:19:08Z", "ms": 34013947655.86183 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-30T17:30:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T14:30:37Z", "ms": 34093837075.400635 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-30T19:19:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T16:19:57Z", "ms": 34100397285.995014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:10 on Fri 29 Jan to 13:07 on Sat 30 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-29T13:09:41Z → 1971-01-30T10:06:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:30–19:19 on the 29th, 17:31–19:20 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 110 of 110 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 109 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4792 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Tila Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Friday 29 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "tila-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Tila Caturthī 1971 falls on Friday 29 January. Caturthī runs from 16:10 on Fri 29 Jan to 13:07 on Sat 30 Jan and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/tila-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ganesha-jayanti", "festival": "ganesha-jayanti", "name": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī", "everyday": "Maghi Ganesh Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1292, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-29T16:09:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-29T13:09:41Z", "ms": 34002580583.97979 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-30T13:06:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z", "ms": 34077992235.406322 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-29T16:09:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-29T13:09:41Z", "ms": 34002580583.97979 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-30T13:06:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z", "ms": 34077992235.406322 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-29T11:56:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-29T08:56:49Z", "ms": 33987409174.86019 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-29T12:44:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-29T09:44:49Z", "ms": 33990289174.86019 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-30T11:57:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T08:57:00Z", "ms": 34073819954.712784 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-30T12:45:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T09:45:00Z", "ms": 34076699954.712784 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 16:10 on Fri 29 Jan to 13:07 on Sat 30 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-29T13:09:41Z → 1971-01-30T10:06:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 29th, 11:57–12:45 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 1292 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Jayantī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 30 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Tila caturthi and Kunda caturthi (pradosavyapini), Varada caturthi (Bengal & Orissa), Ganesa caturthi, Ganesa jayanti (madhyahnavyapini purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaṇeśa Jayantī (Maghi Ganesh Jayanti) 1971 falls on Saturday 30 January. Caturthī runs from 16:10 on Fri 29 Jan to 13:07 on Sat 30 Jan and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ganesha-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shri-panchami", "festival": "shri-panchami", "name": "Śrī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1292, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-30T13:06:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z", "ms": 34077992235.406322 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-31T10:22:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-31T07:22:17Z", "ms": 34154537333.530132 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-30T13:06:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z", "ms": 34077992235.406322 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-31T10:22:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-31T07:22:17Z", "ms": 34154537333.530132 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-30T11:57:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T08:57:00Z", "ms": 34073819954.712784 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-30T12:45:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T09:45:00Z", "ms": 34076699954.712784 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-31T11:57:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-31T08:57:10Z", "ms": 34160229894.95055 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-31T12:45:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-31T09:45:10Z", "ms": 34163109894.95055 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 13:07 on Sat 30 Jan to 10:22 on Sun 31 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z → 1971-01-31T07:22:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 30th, 11:57–12:45 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → second-day · margin 1292 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Pañcamī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śrī Pañcamī 1971 falls on Sunday 31 January. Pañcamī runs from 13:07 on Sat 30 Jan to 10:22 on Sun 31 Jan, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shri-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vasanta-panchami", "festival": "vasanta-panchami", "name": "Vasanta Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-01-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1292, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1971-01-30T13:06:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z", "ms": 34077992235.406322 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-31T10:22:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-31T07:22:17Z", "ms": 34154537333.530132 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-01-30T13:06:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z", "ms": 34077992235.406322 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-31T10:22:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-31T07:22:17Z", "ms": 34154537333.530132 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-01-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-30T11:57:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T08:57:00Z", "ms": 34073819954.712784 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-30T12:45:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-30T09:45:00Z", "ms": 34076699954.712784 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-01-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-01-31T11:57:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-31T08:57:10Z", "ms": 34160229894.95055 }, "end": { "local": "1971-01-31T12:45:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-01-31T09:45:10Z", "ms": 34163109894.95055 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "second-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 13:07 on Sat 30 Jan to 10:22 on Sun 31 Jan.", "fact": "1971-01-30T10:06:32Z → 1971-01-31T07:22:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 30th, 11:57–12:45 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither midday qualifies. The rule takes the second day.", "fact": "priority: unstated → second-day · margin 1292 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasanta Pañcamī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 31 January.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasanta-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri Pancami (purvaviddha), Sarasvati puja (Bengal), Vasanta pancami, Madana pancami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-01-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vasanta Pañcamī 1971 falls on Sunday 31 January. Pañcamī runs from 13:07 on Sat 30 Jan to 10:22 on Sun 31 Jan, and reaches madhyāhna on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vasanta-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ratha-saptami", "festival": "ratha-saptami", "name": "Ratha Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3184, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1971-02-01T08:03:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-01T05:03:00Z", "ms": 34232579887.965214 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-02T06:13:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-02T03:13:18Z", "ms": 34312398231.667118 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-01T08:03:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-01T05:03:00Z", "ms": 34232579887.965214 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-02T06:13:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-02T03:13:18Z", "ms": 34312398231.667118 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-01T05:20:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-01T02:20:47Z", "ms": 34222847266.68513 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-01T07:09:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-01T04:09:53Z", "ms": 34229392825.399364 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-02-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-02T05:20:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-02T02:20:15Z", "ms": 34309214678.50071 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-02T07:09:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-02T04:09:05Z", "ms": 34315745373.827614 } }, "covered_min": 53, "window_min": 109, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 08:03 on Mon 1 Feb to 06:13 on Tue 2 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-01T05:03:00Z → 1971-02-02T03:13:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 05:21–07:10 on the 1st, 05:20–07:09 on the 2nd.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 0 of 109 minutes on the 1st and 53 of 109 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one dawn qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3184 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ratha Saptamī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 2 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ratha-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Ratha saptami (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise), Acala saptami, Vidhana saptami, Arogya saptami [purvaviddha]." } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ratha Saptamī 1971 falls on Tuesday 2 February. Saptamī runs from 08:03 on Mon 1 Feb to 06:13 on Tue 2 Feb and covers 53 of 109 minutes of aruṇodaya that dawn.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ratha-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-02-05", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Jayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9431, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-02-05T04:04:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-05T01:04:30Z", "ms": 34563870275.60385 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-06T04:28:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T01:28:29Z", "ms": 34651708811.34543 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-05T04:04:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-05T01:04:30Z", "ms": 34563870275.60385 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-06T04:28:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T01:28:29Z", "ms": 34651708811.34543 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-05T07:06:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-05T04:06:34Z", "ms": 34574793589.704865 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-05T07:06:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-05T04:06:34Z", "ms": 34574793589.704865 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-06T07:05:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T04:05:40Z", "ms": 34661139957.61177 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-06T07:05:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T04:05:40Z", "ms": 34661139957.61177 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:05 on Fri 5 Feb to 04:28 on Sat 6 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-05T01:04:30Z → 1971-02-06T01:28:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:07 on the 5th and 07:06 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 5th and is not on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9431 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jayā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Friday 5 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Jayā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Friday 5 February. Ekādaśī runs from 04:05 on Fri 5 Feb to 04:28 on Sat 6 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-02-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/bhishma-dvadashi", "festival": "bhishma-dvadashi", "name": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23689, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-02-06T04:28:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T01:28:29Z", "ms": 34651708811.34543 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-07T05:23:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-07T02:23:07Z", "ms": 34741387007.949036 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-06T04:28:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T01:28:29Z", "ms": 34651708811.34543 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-07T05:23:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-07T02:23:07Z", "ms": 34741387007.949036 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-06T11:57:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T08:57:52Z", "ms": 34678671862.77524 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-06T12:45:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T09:45:52Z", "ms": 34681551862.77524 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-07T11:57:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-07T08:57:56Z", "ms": 34765075944.51085 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-07T12:45:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-07T09:45:56Z", "ms": 34767955944.51085 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 04:28 on Sat 6 Feb to 05:23 on Sun 7 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-06T01:28:29Z → 1971-02-07T02:23:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 6th, 11:58–12:46 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23689 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhīṣma Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 6 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhishma-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Bhisma dvadasi (purvaviddha), Amalaki dvadasi, Santana dvadasi, Varaha dvadasi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bhīṣma Dvādaśī 1971 falls on Saturday 6 February. Dvādaśī runs from 04:28 on Sat 6 Feb to 05:23 on Sun 7 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/bhishma-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-02-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35850, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-02-07T05:23:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-07T02:23:07Z", "ms": 34741387007.949036 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-08T06:45:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-08T03:45:40Z", "ms": 34832740131.07834 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-07T05:23:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-07T02:23:07Z", "ms": 34741387007.949036 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-08T06:45:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-08T03:45:40Z", "ms": 34832740131.07834 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-06T17:38:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T14:38:04Z", "ms": 34699083767.938705 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-06T19:25:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-06T16:25:37Z", "ms": 34705537247.03244 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 108, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-02-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-07T17:39:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-07T14:39:07Z", "ms": 34785547027.88 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-07T19:26:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-07T16:26:25Z", "ms": 34791984535.28257 } }, "covered_min": 107, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:23 on Sun 7 Feb to 06:46 on Mon 8 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-07T02:23:07Z → 1971-02-08T03:45:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:38–19:26 on the 6th, 17:39–19:26 on the 7th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 108 minutes on the 6th and 107 of 107 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35850 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 7 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Sunday 7 February. Trayodaśī runs from 05:23 on Sun 7 Feb to 06:46 on Mon 8 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-02-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/maghi-purnima", "festival": "maghi-purnima", "name": "Māghī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4601, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-02-09T08:32:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-09T05:32:58Z", "ms": 34925578045.372635 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-10T10:41:23+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-10T07:41:23Z", "ms": 35019682585.78316 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 10, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Māgha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-09T08:32:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-09T05:32:58Z", "ms": 34925578045.372635 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-10T10:41:23+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-10T07:41:23Z", "ms": 35019682585.78316 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-09T11:58:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-09T08:58:02Z", "ms": 34937881675.14495 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-09T12:46:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-09T09:46:02Z", "ms": 34940761675.14495 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-02-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-10T11:58:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-10T08:58:03Z", "ms": 35024283343.67592 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-10T12:46:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-10T09:46:03Z", "ms": 35027163343.67592 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 08:33 on Tue 9 Feb to 10:41 on Wed 10 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-09T05:32:58Z → 1971-02-10T07:41:23Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:58–12:46 on the 9th, 11:58–12:46 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4601 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Māghī Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 9 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maghi-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Maghi purnima (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Māghī Pūrṇimā 1971 falls on Tuesday 9 February. Pūrṇimā runs from 08:33 on Tue 9 Feb to 10:41 on Wed 10 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/maghi-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-02-13", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2639, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-02-13T18:23:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-13T15:23:49Z", "ms": 35306629127.04482 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-14T21:00:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-14T18:00:31Z", "ms": 35402430789.90993 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-13T18:23:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-13T15:23:49Z", "ms": 35306629127.04482 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-14T21:00:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-14T18:00:31Z", "ms": 35402430789.90993 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-13T20:47:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-13T17:47:40Z", "ms": 35315260152.85861 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-13T20:47:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-13T17:47:40Z", "ms": 35315260152.85861 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-02-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-14T21:44:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-14T18:44:30Z", "ms": 35405070190.97867 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-14T21:44:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-14T18:44:30Z", "ms": 35405070190.97867 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 18:24 on Sat 13 Feb to 21:01 on Sun 14 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-13T15:23:49Z → 1971-02-14T18:00:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:48 on the 13th and 21:45 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2639 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 13 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Saturday 13 February. Caturthī runs from 18:24 on Sat 13 Feb to 21:01 on Sun 14 Feb and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-02-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-02-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Vijayā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15290, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-02-21T02:34:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-20T23:34:48Z", "ms": 35940888449.24459 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-22T00:57:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-21T21:57:20Z", "ms": 36021439920.94021 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-21T02:34:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-20T23:34:48Z", "ms": 35940888449.24459 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-22T00:57:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-21T21:57:20Z", "ms": 36021439920.94021 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-21T06:49:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-21T03:49:38Z", "ms": 35956178459.260506 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-21T06:49:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-21T03:49:38Z", "ms": 35956178459.260506 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-22T06:48:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-22T03:48:25Z", "ms": 36042505406.29168 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-22T06:48:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-22T03:48:25Z", "ms": 36042505406.29168 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:35 on Sun 21 Feb to 00:57 on Mon 22 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-20T23:34:48Z → 1971-02-21T21:57:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:50 on the 21st and 06:48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15290 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 21 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vijayā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Sunday 21 February. Ekādaśī runs from 02:35 on Sun 21 Feb to 00:57 on Mon 22 Feb and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-02-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/maha-shivaratri", "festival": "maha-shivaratri", "name": "Mahāśivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15111, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-02-23T19:44:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-23T16:44:50Z", "ms": 36175489639.80343 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-24T16:25:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-24T13:25:05Z", "ms": 36249904635.71778 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-23T19:44:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-23T16:44:50Z", "ms": 36175489639.80343 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-24T16:25:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-24T13:25:05Z", "ms": 36249904635.71778 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-23T23:56:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-23T20:56:41Z", "ms": 36190600944.73575 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-24T00:44:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-23T21:44:41Z", "ms": 36193480944.73575 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-02-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-24T23:56:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-24T20:56:32Z", "ms": 36276992390.41293 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-25T00:44:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-24T21:44:32Z", "ms": 36279872390.41293 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:45 on Tue 23 Feb to 16:25 on Wed 24 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-23T16:44:50Z → 1971-02-24T13:25:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:57–00:45 on the 23rd, 23:57–00:45 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: disputed → only-day · margin 15111 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāśivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 23 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "maha-shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day" } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahāśivarātri 1971 falls on Tuesday 23 February. Caturdaśī runs from 19:45 on Tue 23 Feb to 16:25 on Wed 24 Feb and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/maha-shivaratri", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-02-23", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 400, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-02-22T22:38:23+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-22T19:38:23Z", "ms": 36099503086.5744 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-23T19:44:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-23T16:44:50Z", "ms": 36175489639.80343 }, "month": { "amanta": 10, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Māgha", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-22T22:38:23+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-22T19:38:23Z", "ms": 36099503086.5744 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-23T19:44:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-23T16:44:50Z", "ms": 36175489639.80343 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-22T17:54:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-22T14:54:26Z", "ms": 36082466381.20357 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-22T19:37:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-22T16:37:28Z", "ms": 36088648386.352356 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-02-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-23T17:55:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-23T14:55:25Z", "ms": 36168925359.14341 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-23T19:38:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-23T16:38:10Z", "ms": 36175089515.30137 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:38 on Mon 22 Feb to 19:45 on Tue 23 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-22T19:38:23Z → 1971-02-23T16:44:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:54–19:37 on the 22nd, 17:55–19:38 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 103 minutes on the 22nd and 103 of 103 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 400 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 23 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Tuesday 23 February. Trayodaśī runs from 22:38 on Mon 22 Feb to 19:45 on Tue 23 Feb and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-02-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-02-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-02-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 35871, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-02-28T01:58:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-27T22:58:41Z", "ms": 36543521308.76987 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-28T22:55:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-28T19:55:02Z", "ms": 36618901574.038666 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-02-28T01:58:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-27T22:58:41Z", "ms": 36543521308.76987 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-28T22:55:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-28T19:55:02Z", "ms": 36618901574.038666 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-02-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-02-28T11:56:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-28T08:56:32Z", "ms": 36579391902.77494 }, "end": { "local": "1971-02-28T12:44:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-02-28T09:44:32Z", "ms": 36582271902.77494 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-03-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-01T11:56:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-01T08:56:21Z", "ms": 36665780898.64503 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-01T12:44:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-01T09:44:21Z", "ms": 36668660898.64503 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:59 on Sun 28 Feb to 22:55 on Sun 28 Feb.", "fact": "1971-02-27T22:58:41Z → 1971-02-28T19:55:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:57–12:45 on the 28th, 11:56–12:44 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 35871 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 28 February.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-02-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Sunday 28 February. Caturthī runs from 01:59 on Sun 28 Feb to 22:55 on Sun 28 Feb and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-02-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-03-07", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 38165, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-03-06T18:16:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-06T15:16:58Z", "ms": 37120618174.5254 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-07T19:53:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-07T16:53:53Z", "ms": 37212832640.10359 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-06T18:16:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-06T15:16:58Z", "ms": 37120618174.5254 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-07T19:53:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-07T16:53:53Z", "ms": 37212832640.10359 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-07T06:31:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-07T03:31:22Z", "ms": 37164681540.345215 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-07T06:31:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-07T03:31:22Z", "ms": 37164681540.345215 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-08T06:29:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-08T03:29:58Z", "ms": 37250998139.17644 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-08T06:29:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-08T03:29:58Z", "ms": 37250998139.17644 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:17 on Sat 6 Mar to 19:54 on Sun 7 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-06T15:16:58Z → 1971-03-07T16:53:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:31 on the 7th and 06:30 on the 8th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 38165 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Āmalakī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 7 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Āmalakī Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Sunday 7 March. Ekādaśī runs from 18:17 on Sat 6 Mar to 19:54 on Sun 7 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-03-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-03-09", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7896, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-03-08T21:58:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-08T18:58:05Z", "ms": 37306684897.64886 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-10T00:21:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-09T21:21:16Z", "ms": 37401676481.12246 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-08T21:58:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-08T18:58:05Z", "ms": 37306684897.64886 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-10T00:21:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-09T21:21:16Z", "ms": 37401676481.12246 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-08T18:07:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-08T15:07:42Z", "ms": 37292861663.77548 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-08T19:46:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-08T16:46:29Z", "ms": 37298788673.0958 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 99, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-03-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-09T18:08:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-09T15:08:36Z", "ms": 37379316057.41931 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-09T19:47:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-09T16:47:05Z", "ms": 37385224563.90658 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 21:58 on Mon 8 Mar to 00:21 on Wed 10 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-08T18:58:05Z → 1971-03-09T21:21:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:08–19:46 on the 8th, 18:09–19:47 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 99 minutes on the 8th and 98 of 98 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7896 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 9 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Tuesday 9 March. Trayodaśī runs from 21:58 on Mon 8 Mar to 00:21 on Wed 10 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-03-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/holika-dahana", "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31559, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-03-11T02:55:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-10T23:55:29Z", "ms": 37497329218.08813 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-12T05:33:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-12T02:33:34Z", "ms": 37593214437.43622 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-11T02:55:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-10T23:55:29Z", "ms": 37497329218.08813 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-12T05:33:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-12T02:33:34Z", "ms": 37593214437.43622 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-10T15:49:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-10T12:49:02Z", "ms": 37457342110.76474 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-10T18:09:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-10T15:09:30Z", "ms": 37465770174.43747 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-11T15:49:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-11T12:49:28Z", "ms": 37543768229.659805 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-11T18:10:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-11T15:10:24Z", "ms": 37552224027.463844 } }, "covered_min": 141, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:55 on Thu 11 Mar to 05:34 on Fri 12 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-10T23:55:29Z → 1971-03-12T02:33:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:49–18:10 on the 10th, 15:49–18:10 on the 11th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 140 minutes on the 10th and 141 of 141 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31559 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holikā Dahana, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 11 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holika-dahana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "not_evaluated": "The hour the row gives for the rite (\"it should be observed on second half of purnima at night\") is not tested: sāyāhna alone settles the day.", "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Holikā Dahana 1971 falls on Thursday 11 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:55 on Thu 11 Mar to 05:34 on Fri 12 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/holika-dahana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/holi", "festival": "holi", "name": "Holī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31559, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-03-11T02:55:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-10T23:55:29Z", "ms": 37497329218.08813 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-12T05:33:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-12T02:33:34Z", "ms": 37593214437.43622 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 11, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Phālguna" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-11T02:55:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-10T23:55:29Z", "ms": 37497329218.08813 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-12T05:33:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-12T02:33:34Z", "ms": 37593214437.43622 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-10T15:49:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-10T12:49:02Z", "ms": 37457342110.76474 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-10T18:09:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-10T15:09:30Z", "ms": 37465770174.43747 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 140, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-03-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-11T15:49:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-11T12:49:28Z", "ms": 37543768229.659805 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-11T18:10:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-11T15:10:24Z", "ms": 37552224027.463844 } }, "covered_min": 141, "window_min": 141, "qualifies": true } ], "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "name": "Holikā Dahana", "local_date": "1971-03-11", "days": 1 }, "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 02:55 on Thu 11 Mar to 05:34 on Fri 12 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-10T23:55:29Z → 1971-03-12T02:33:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 15:49–18:10 on the 10th, 15:49–18:10 on the 11th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 0 of 140 minutes on the 10th and 141 of 141 on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31559 s" }, { "step": "counted", "text": "Holī is kept the day after Holikā Dahana: Thursday 11 March is the day taken above.", "fact": "follows: holika-dahana + 1 d" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Holī, Mosul, 1971: Friday 12 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "holi", "follows": { "festival": "holika-dahana", "days": 1 }, "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Holika-dahana (Sayahnavyapini — it should be observed on second half of purnima at night), Dolayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (covering 4 ghatikas before sunrise of the day of festival), Holi — on the day after Holikadahana." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Holī 1971 falls on Friday 12 March. It is kept the day after Holikā Dahana, which falls on Thursday 11 March. Pūrṇimā runs from 02:55 on Thu 11 Mar to 05:34 on Fri 12 Mar and covers all of sāyāhna on the 11th.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/holi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vasantotsava", "festival": "vasantotsava", "name": "Vasantotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3045, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 15, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1971-03-12T05:33:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-12T02:33:34Z", "ms": 37593214437.43622 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-13T08:09:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-13T05:09:16Z", "ms": 37688955698.93516 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-12T05:33:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-12T02:33:34Z", "ms": 37593214437.43622 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-13T08:09:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-13T05:09:16Z", "ms": 37688955698.93516 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-12T06:24:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-12T03:24:20Z", "ms": 37596259813.28716 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-12T06:24:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-12T03:24:20Z", "ms": 37596259813.28716 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-03-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-13T06:22:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-13T03:22:54Z", "ms": 37682574211.52625 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-13T06:22:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-13T03:22:54Z", "ms": 37682574211.52625 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 05:34 on Fri 12 Mar to 08:09 on Sat 13 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-12T02:33:34Z → 1971-03-13T05:09:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:24 on the 12th and 06:23 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be current at sunrise. It is on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 3045 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vasantotsava, Mosul, 1971: Friday 12 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vasantotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 1 Vasantotsava (current at sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vasantotsava 1971 falls on Friday 12 March. Pratipadā runs from 05:34 on Fri 12 Mar to 08:09 on Sat 13 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vasantotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-03-15", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28268, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-03-15T12:50:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-15T09:50:49Z", "ms": 37878649022.86219 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-16T14:45:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-16T11:45:25Z", "ms": 37971925461.29425 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-15T12:50:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-15T09:50:49Z", "ms": 37878649022.86219 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-16T14:45:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-16T11:45:25Z", "ms": 37971925461.29425 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-15T21:35:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-15T18:35:13Z", "ms": 37910113162.877495 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-15T21:35:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-15T18:35:13Z", "ms": 37910113162.877495 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-03-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-16T22:36:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-16T19:36:33Z", "ms": 38000193044.282906 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-16T22:36:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-16T19:36:33Z", "ms": 38000193044.282906 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:51 on Mon 15 Mar to 14:45 on Tue 16 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-15T09:50:49Z → 1971-03-16T11:45:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:35 on the 15th and 22:37 on the 16th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 15th and is not on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28268 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 15 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Monday 15 March. Caturthī runs from 12:51 on Mon 15 Mar to 14:45 on Tue 16 Mar and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-03-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shitalashtami", "festival": "shitalashtami", "name": "Śītalāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16541, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1971-03-19T17:34:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-19T14:34:14Z", "ms": 38241253757.426926 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-20T17:15:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-20T14:15:14Z", "ms": 38326514143.002396 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-19T17:34:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-19T14:34:14Z", "ms": 38241253757.426926 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-20T17:15:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-20T14:15:14Z", "ms": 38326514143.002396 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-19T11:51:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-19T08:51:51Z", "ms": 38220710765.067894 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-19T12:39:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-19T09:39:51Z", "ms": 38223590765.067894 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-03-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-20T11:51:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-20T08:51:33Z", "ms": 38307093145.92488 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-20T12:39:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-20T09:39:33Z", "ms": 38309973145.92488 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 17:34 on Fri 19 Mar to 17:15 on Sat 20 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-19T14:34:14Z → 1971-03-20T14:15:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 19th, 11:52–12:40 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 16541 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 20 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitalashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Sitalastami, (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śītalāṣṭamī 1971 falls on Saturday 20 March. Aṣṭamī runs from 17:34 on Fri 19 Mar to 17:15 on Sat 20 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shitalashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-03-23", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21600, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-03-22T14:30:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-22T11:30:34Z", "ms": 38489434407.72896 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-23T12:08:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-23T09:08:25Z", "ms": 38567304619.34163 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-22T14:30:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-22T11:30:34Z", "ms": 38489434407.72896 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-23T12:08:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-23T09:08:25Z", "ms": 38567304619.34163 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-22T06:09:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-22T03:09:52Z", "ms": 38459392091.5692 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-22T06:09:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-22T03:09:52Z", "ms": 38459392091.5692 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-03-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-23T06:08:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-23T03:08:24Z", "ms": 38545704461.147934 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-23T06:08:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-23T03:08:24Z", "ms": 38545704461.147934 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:31 on Mon 22 Mar to 12:08 on Tue 23 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-22T11:30:34Z → 1971-03-23T09:08:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:10 on the 22nd and 06:08 on the 23rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 22nd and is on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21600 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 23 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Pāpamocanī Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Tuesday 23 March. Ekādaśī runs from 14:31 on Mon 22 Mar to 12:08 on Tue 23 Mar and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-03-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-03-24", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32947, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-03-24T09:12:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-24T06:12:40Z", "ms": 38643159766.523 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-25T05:50:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T02:50:34Z", "ms": 38717434329.26139 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-24T09:12:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-24T06:12:40Z", "ms": 38643159766.523 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-25T05:50:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T02:50:34Z", "ms": 38717434329.26139 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-24T18:21:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-24T15:21:46Z", "ms": 38676106410.32579 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-24T19:55:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-24T16:55:36Z", "ms": 38681736105.58709 } }, "covered_min": 94, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-25T18:22:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T15:22:38Z", "ms": 38762557965.76598 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-25T19:56:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T16:56:09Z", "ms": 38768169100.215744 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 94, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:13 on Wed 24 Mar to 05:51 on Thu 25 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-24T06:12:40Z → 1971-03-25T02:50:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:22–19:56 on the 24th, 18:23–19:56 on the 25th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 94 of 94 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 94 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32947 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 24 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Wednesday 24 March. Trayodaśī runs from 09:13 on Wed 24 Mar to 05:51 on Thu 25 Mar and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-03-24", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-03-25", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5614, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-03-25T05:50:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T02:50:34Z", "ms": 38717434329.26139 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-26T02:10:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T23:10:54Z", "ms": 38790653564.13211 }, "month": { "amanta": 11, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Phālguna", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-25T05:50:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T02:50:34Z", "ms": 38717434329.26139 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-26T02:10:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T23:10:54Z", "ms": 38790653564.13211 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-24T23:49:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-24T20:49:38Z", "ms": 38695777767.55567 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-25T00:37:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-24T21:37:38Z", "ms": 38698657767.55567 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-03-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-25T23:49:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T20:49:20Z", "ms": 38782159719.952576 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-26T00:37:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-25T21:37:20Z", "ms": 38785039719.952576 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:51 on Thu 25 Mar to 02:11 on Fri 26 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-25T02:50:34Z → 1971-03-25T23:10:54Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:50–00:38 on the 24th, 23:49–00:37 on the 25th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5614 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 25 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Thursday 25 March. Caturdaśī runs from 05:51 on Thu 25 Mar to 02:11 on Fri 26 Mar and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-03-25", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "festival": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "name": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra)", "everyday": "Chaitra Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21684, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1971-03-26T22:23:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-26T19:23:28Z", "ms": 38863408385.3739 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-27T18:38:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-27T15:38:52Z", "ms": 38936331718.17264 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-26T22:23:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-26T19:23:28Z", "ms": 38863408385.3739 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-27T18:38:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-27T15:38:52Z", "ms": 38936331718.17264 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-26T11:49:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-26T08:49:45Z", "ms": 38825385452.3309 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-26T12:37:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-26T09:37:45Z", "ms": 38828265452.3309 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-03-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-27T11:49:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-27T08:49:27Z", "ms": 38911767339.76718 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-27T12:37:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-27T09:37:27Z", "ms": 38914647339.76718 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 22:23 on Fri 26 Mar to 18:39 on Sat 27 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-26T19:23:28Z → 1971-03-27T15:38:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:50–12:38 on the 26th, 11:49–12:37 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21684 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha (Caitra), Mosul, 1971: Saturday 27 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha-caitra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Navarātrārambha (Caitra) (Chaitra Navratri) 1971 falls on Saturday 27 March. Pratipadā runs from 22:23 on Fri 26 Mar to 18:39 on Sat 27 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/navaratra-arambha-caitra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/gauri-tritiya", "festival": "gauri-tritiya", "name": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Gangaur", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 749, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-03-28T15:07:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-28T12:07:55Z", "ms": 39010074777.70743 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-29T12:01:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T09:01:20Z", "ms": 39085279956.135315 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-28T15:07:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-28T12:07:55Z", "ms": 39010074777.70743 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-29T12:01:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T09:01:20Z", "ms": 39085279956.135315 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-28T11:49:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-28T08:49:09Z", "ms": 38998149222.589066 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-28T12:37:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-28T09:37:09Z", "ms": 39001029222.589066 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-29T11:48:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T08:48:51Z", "ms": 39084531115.950356 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-29T12:36:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T09:36:51Z", "ms": 39087411115.950356 } }, "covered_min": 12, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 15:08 on Sun 28 Mar to 12:01 on Mon 29 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-28T12:07:55Z → 1971-03-29T09:01:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 28th, 11:49–12:37 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 12 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 749 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaurī Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1971: Monday 29 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gauri-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaurī Tṛtīyā (Gangaur) 1971 falls on Monday 29 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 15:08 on Sun 28 Mar to 12:01 on Mon 29 Mar and covers 12 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/gauri-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 749, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-03-28T15:07:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-28T12:07:55Z", "ms": 39010074777.70743 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-29T12:01:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T09:01:20Z", "ms": 39085279956.135315 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-28T15:07:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-28T12:07:55Z", "ms": 39010074777.70743 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-29T12:01:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T09:01:20Z", "ms": 39085279956.135315 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-28T11:49:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-28T08:49:09Z", "ms": 38998149222.589066 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-28T12:37:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-28T09:37:09Z", "ms": 39001029222.589066 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-29T11:48:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T08:48:51Z", "ms": 39084531115.950356 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-29T12:36:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T09:36:51Z", "ms": 39087411115.950356 } }, "covered_min": 12, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 15:08 on Sun 28 Mar to 12:01 on Mon 29 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-28T12:07:55Z → 1971-03-29T09:01:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 28th, 11:49–12:37 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 12 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 749 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Monday 29 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Dolotsava, Gauri trtiya, Andolana trtiya, Saubhagya sayana vrata (paraviddha), Sarhul (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saubhāgya Śayana Vrata 1971 falls on Monday 29 March. Tṛtīyā runs from 15:08 on Sun 28 Mar to 12:01 on Mon 29 Mar and covers 12 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/saubhagya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-03-29", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 749, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-03-29T12:01:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T09:01:20Z", "ms": 39085279956.135315 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-30T09:29:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-30T06:29:06Z", "ms": 39162546356.83792 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-29T12:01:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T09:01:20Z", "ms": 39085279956.135315 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-30T09:29:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-30T06:29:06Z", "ms": 39162546356.83792 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-29T11:48:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T08:48:51Z", "ms": 39084531115.950356 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-29T12:36:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-29T09:36:51Z", "ms": 39087411115.950356 } }, "covered_min": 36, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-30T11:48:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-30T08:48:33Z", "ms": 39170913035.59627 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-30T12:36:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-30T09:36:33Z", "ms": 39173793035.59627 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 12:01 on Mon 29 Mar to 09:29 on Tue 30 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-29T09:01:20Z → 1971-03-30T06:29:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 29th, 11:49–12:37 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 36 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 749 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 29 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Monday 29 March. Caturthī runs from 12:01 on Mon 29 Mar to 09:29 on Tue 30 Mar and covers 36 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-03-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/lakshmi-panchami", "festival": "lakshmi-panchami", "name": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-03-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8367, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1971-03-30T09:29:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-30T06:29:06Z", "ms": 39162546356.83792 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-31T07:39:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-31T04:39:45Z", "ms": 39242385008.67981 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-03-30T09:29:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-30T06:29:06Z", "ms": 39162546356.83792 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-31T07:39:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-31T04:39:45Z", "ms": 39242385008.67981 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-03-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-30T11:48:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-30T08:48:33Z", "ms": 39170913035.59627 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-30T12:36:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-30T09:36:33Z", "ms": 39173793035.59627 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-03-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-03-31T11:48:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-31T08:48:15Z", "ms": 39257294998.127884 }, "end": { "local": "1971-03-31T12:36:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-03-31T09:36:15Z", "ms": 39260174998.127884 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 09:29 on Tue 30 Mar to 07:40 on Wed 31 Mar.", "fact": "1971-03-30T06:29:06Z → 1971-03-31T04:39:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 30th, 11:48–12:36 on the 31st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 0 of 48 on the 31st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8367 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pañcamī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 30 March.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "lakshmi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sri pancami or Laksmi pancami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-03-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Lakṣmī Pañcamī 1971 falls on Tuesday 30 March. Pañcamī runs from 09:29 on Tue 30 Mar to 07:40 on Wed 31 Mar and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/lakshmi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/bhavani-utpatti", "festival": "bhavani-utpatti", "name": "Bhavānī Utpatti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16471, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-02T06:30:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-02T03:30:52Z", "ms": 39411051999.031136 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-03T07:12:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-03T04:12:50Z", "ms": 39499970252.602325 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-02T06:30:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-02T03:30:52Z", "ms": 39411051999.031136 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-03T07:12:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-03T04:12:50Z", "ms": 39499970252.602325 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-02T11:47:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-02T08:47:39Z", "ms": 39430059122.73053 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-02T12:35:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-02T09:35:39Z", "ms": 39432939122.73053 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-03T11:47:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-03T08:47:21Z", "ms": 39516441322.10509 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-03T12:35:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-03T09:35:21Z", "ms": 39519321322.10509 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 06:31 on Fri 2 Apr to 07:13 on Sat 3 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-02T03:30:52Z → 1971-04-03T04:12:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:48–12:36 on the 2nd, 11:47–12:35 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16471 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bhavānī Utpatti, Mosul, 1971: Friday 2 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bhavani-utpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Annapurna puja (Beng.) (paraviddha), Bhavani-utpatti (paraviddha), Asokastami (Special when combined with naks. Punarvasu and Wednesday, after mid-day)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bhavānī Utpatti 1971 falls on Friday 2 April. Aṣṭamī runs from 06:31 on Fri 2 Apr to 07:13 on Sat 3 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/bhavani-utpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/rama-navami", "festival": "rama-navami", "name": "Rāma Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11242, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-03T07:12:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-03T04:12:50Z", "ms": 39499970252.602325 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-04T08:39:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-04T05:39:41Z", "ms": 39591581386.20125 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-03T07:12:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-03T04:12:50Z", "ms": 39499970252.602325 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-04T08:39:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-04T05:39:41Z", "ms": 39591581386.20125 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-03T11:47:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-03T08:47:21Z", "ms": 39516441322.10509 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-03T12:35:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-03T09:35:21Z", "ms": 39519321322.10509 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-04-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-04T11:47:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-04T08:47:04Z", "ms": 39602823638.61951 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-04T12:35:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-04T09:35:04Z", "ms": 39605703638.61951 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 07:13 on Sat 3 Apr to 08:40 on Sun 4 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-03T04:12:50Z → 1971-04-04T05:39:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 3rd, 11:47–12:35 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11242 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāma Navamī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 3 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rama-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Ramanavami (madhyahnavyapini, special with Punarvasu naks.), Rama jayanti." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special when it falls with Punarvasu nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rāma Navamī 1971 falls on Saturday 3 April. Navamī runs from 07:13 on Sat 3 Apr to 08:40 on Sun 4 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/rama-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-04-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17551, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-05T10:42:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-05T07:42:03Z", "ms": 39685323231.72526 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-06T13:08:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-06T10:08:13Z", "ms": 39780492566.82763 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-05T10:42:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-05T07:42:03Z", "ms": 39685323231.72526 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-06T13:08:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-06T10:08:13Z", "ms": 39780492566.82763 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-05T05:49:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-05T02:49:32Z", "ms": 39667771941.095314 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-05T05:49:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-05T02:49:32Z", "ms": 39667771941.095314 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-04-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-06T05:48:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-06T02:48:06Z", "ms": 39754086302.01283 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-06T05:48:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-06T02:48:06Z", "ms": 39754086302.01283 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:42 on Mon 5 Apr to 13:08 on Tue 6 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-05T07:42:03Z → 1971-04-06T10:08:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:50 on the 5th and 05:48 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17551 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmadā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 6 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kāmadā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Tuesday 6 April. Ekādaśī runs from 10:42 on Mon 5 Apr to 13:08 on Tue 6 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-04-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-04-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 622, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-07T15:45:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-07T12:45:56Z", "ms": 39876355513.325676 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-08T18:24:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T15:24:10Z", "ms": 39972250341.573814 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-07T15:45:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-07T12:45:56Z", "ms": 39876355513.325676 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-08T18:24:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T15:24:10Z", "ms": 39972250341.573814 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-07T18:33:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-07T15:33:42Z", "ms": 39886421959.41914 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-07T20:03:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-07T17:03:15Z", "ms": 39891794514.735695 } }, "covered_min": 90, "window_min": 90, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-08T18:34:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T15:34:33Z", "ms": 39972872823.60078 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-08T20:03:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T17:03:47Z", "ms": 39978227333.28344 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:46 on Wed 7 Apr to 18:24 on Thu 8 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-07T12:45:56Z → 1971-04-08T15:24:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:34–20:03 on the 7th, 18:35–20:04 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 90 of 90 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 89 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 622 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 7 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Wednesday 7 April. Trayodaśī runs from 15:46 on Wed 7 Apr to 18:24 on Thu 8 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-04-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ananga-trayodashi", "festival": "ananga-trayodashi", "name": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11504, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-07T15:45:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-07T12:45:56Z", "ms": 39876355513.325676 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-08T18:24:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T15:24:10Z", "ms": 39972250341.573814 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-07T15:45:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-07T12:45:56Z", "ms": 39876355513.325676 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-08T18:24:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T15:24:10Z", "ms": 39972250341.573814 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-07T11:46:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-07T08:46:11Z", "ms": 39861971489.547714 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-07T12:34:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-07T09:34:11Z", "ms": 39864851489.547714 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-08T11:45:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T08:45:54Z", "ms": 39948354473.947014 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-08T12:33:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T09:33:54Z", "ms": 39951234473.947014 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:46 on Wed 7 Apr to 18:24 on Thu 8 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-07T12:45:56Z → 1971-04-08T15:24:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 7th, 11:46–12:34 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11504 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Anaṅga Trayodaśī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 8 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananga-trayodashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 13 Ananga trayodasi (purvaviddha), Mahavira jayanti (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Anaṅga Trayodaśī 1971 falls on Thursday 8 April. Trayodaśī runs from 15:46 on Wed 7 Apr to 18:24 on Thu 8 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ananga-trayodashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "festival": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "name": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21016, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-08T18:24:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T15:24:10Z", "ms": 39972250341.573814 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-09T20:54:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-09T17:54:13Z", "ms": 40067653346.16593 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-08T18:24:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T15:24:10Z", "ms": 39972250341.573814 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-09T20:54:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-09T17:54:13Z", "ms": 40067653346.16593 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-08T11:45:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T08:45:54Z", "ms": 39948354473.947014 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-08T12:33:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-08T09:33:54Z", "ms": 39951234473.947014 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-09T11:45:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-09T08:45:38Z", "ms": 40034737675.69735 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-09T12:33:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-09T09:33:38Z", "ms": 40037617675.69735 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 18:24 on Thu 8 Apr to 20:54 on Fri 9 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-08T15:24:10Z → 1971-04-09T17:54:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 8th, 11:46–12:34 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21016 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1971: Friday 9 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Madanabhanji, (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Sivadamanaka caturdasi, Visnudamanaka caturdasi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Viṣṇudamanaka Caturdaśī 1971 falls on Friday 9 April. Caturdaśī runs from 18:24 on Thu 8 Apr to 20:54 on Fri 9 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vishnu-damanaka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/chaitri-purnima", "festival": "chaitri-purnima", "name": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30036, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-04-09T20:54:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-09T17:54:13Z", "ms": 40067653346.16593 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-10T23:09:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-10T20:09:57Z", "ms": 40162196764.97221 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 0, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Caitra" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-09T20:54:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-09T17:54:13Z", "ms": 40067653346.16593 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-10T23:09:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-10T20:09:57Z", "ms": 40162196764.97221 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-09T11:45:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-09T08:45:38Z", "ms": 40034737675.69735 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-09T12:33:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-09T09:33:38Z", "ms": 40037617675.69735 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-04-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-10T11:45:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-10T08:45:21Z", "ms": 40121121114.95871 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-10T12:33:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-10T09:33:21Z", "ms": 40124001114.95871 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 20:54 on Fri 9 Apr to 23:10 on Sat 10 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-09T17:54:13Z → 1971-04-10T20:09:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 9th, 11:45–12:33 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30036 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Caitrī Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 10 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chaitri-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Caitri purnima (paraviddha), Hanumat jayanti, Oli ending (Jain)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Caitrī Pūrṇimā 1971 falls on Saturday 10 April. Pūrṇimā runs from 20:54 on Fri 9 Apr to 23:10 on Sat 10 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/chaitri-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vaishakhi", "festival": "vaishakhi", "name": "Vaiśākhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4512, "anga": { "type": "sankranti", "index": 0, "key": "mesha", "name": "Meṣa", "start": { "local": "1971-04-14T04:21:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-14T01:21:44Z", "ms": 40440104443.897606 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-15T01:17:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-14T22:17:42Z", "ms": 43107462211.189644 } }, "span": { "of": "transit", "start": { "local": "1971-04-14T04:21:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-14T01:21:44Z", "ms": 40440104443.897606 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-14T04:21:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-14T01:21:44Z", "ms": 40440104443.897606 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-13T05:38:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-13T02:38:19Z", "ms": 40358298519.793465 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-14T05:36:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-14T02:36:57Z", "ms": 40444616589.230286 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-14T05:36:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-14T02:36:57Z", "ms": 40444616589.230286 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-15T05:35:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-15T02:35:35Z", "ms": 40530935261.450294 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1439, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "The Sun enters Meṣa at 04:22 on Wed 14 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-14T01:21:44Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:38 on the 13th, and from 05:37 on the 14th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from sunrise. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "day counted from sunrise → only-day · margin 4512 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaiśākhī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 13 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "solar", "id": "vaishakhi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Mesadi — Cadaka puja (Bengal), Bahag Bihu (Assam), Cheiraoba (Manipur), Visu (T. C. State), Vaisakhi (on the samkramana day commencing from sunrise)." }, { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The other names in the row (Cadaka puja, Bahag Bihu, Cheiraoba, Visu) are regional observances and wait with the regional rows.", "rashi": "Meṣa", "day_from": "sunrise" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "civil-day", "local_date": "1971-04-14", "statement": "Counted from midnight", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 106", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day." } }, { "kind": "reckoning", "id": "sunset-rule", "local_date": "1971-04-14", "statement": "Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule)", "reference": { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, Rules of Samkranti", "locator": "p. 244", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The Tamil rule: In the Tamil districts the rule is that when a samkranti takes place before sunset, the month begins on the same day, while if it takes place after sunset the month begins on the following day." } } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vaiśākhī 1971 falls on Tuesday 13 April. The Sun enters Meṣa at 04:22 on Wed 14 Apr, and the rule counts the day from sunrise. Counted from midnight, or by the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 April.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vaishakhi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-04-14", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22491, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-14T03:58:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-14T00:58:35Z", "ms": 40438714858.92672 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-15T04:48:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-15T01:48:34Z", "ms": 40528113841.25519 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-14T03:58:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-14T00:58:35Z", "ms": 40438714858.92672 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-15T04:48:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-15T01:48:34Z", "ms": 40528113841.25519 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-13T21:31:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-13T18:31:44Z", "ms": 40415504250.8373 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-13T21:31:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-13T18:31:44Z", "ms": 40415504250.8373 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-04-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-14T22:33:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-14T19:33:43Z", "ms": 40505623237.84893 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-14T22:33:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-14T19:33:43Z", "ms": 40505623237.84893 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 03:59 on Wed 14 Apr to 04:49 on Thu 15 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-14T00:58:35Z → 1971-04-15T01:48:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:32 on the 13th and 22:34 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 13th and is on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22491 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 14 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Wednesday 14 April. Caturthī runs from 03:59 on Wed 14 Apr to 04:49 on Thu 15 Apr and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-04-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-04-21", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22229, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-20T23:17:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-20T20:17:13Z", "ms": 41026632975.040855 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-21T20:31:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-21T17:31:53Z", "ms": 41103113034.07803 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-20T23:17:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-20T20:17:13Z", "ms": 41026632975.040855 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-21T20:31:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-21T17:31:53Z", "ms": 41103113034.07803 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-21T05:27:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-21T02:27:42Z", "ms": 41048861708.933075 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-21T05:27:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-21T02:27:42Z", "ms": 41048861708.933075 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-22T05:26:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-22T02:26:25Z", "ms": 41135185473.29258 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-22T05:26:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-22T02:26:25Z", "ms": 41135185473.29258 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:17 on Tue 20 Apr to 20:32 on Wed 21 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-20T20:17:13Z → 1971-04-21T17:31:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:28 on the 21st and 05:26 on the 22nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 21st and is not on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22229 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Varūthinī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 21 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Varūthinī Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Wednesday 21 April. Ekādaśī runs from 23:17 on Tue 20 Apr to 20:32 on Wed 21 Apr and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-04-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-04-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4980, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-22T17:23:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-22T14:23:30Z", "ms": 41178210139.177055 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-23T13:59:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-23T10:59:32Z", "ms": 41252372044.3125 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-22T17:23:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-22T14:23:30Z", "ms": 41178210139.177055 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-23T13:59:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-23T10:59:32Z", "ms": 41252372044.3125 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-22T18:46:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-22T15:46:30Z", "ms": 41183190174.143814 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-22T20:11:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-22T17:11:39Z", "ms": 41188299495.45385 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-23T18:47:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-23T15:47:22Z", "ms": 41269641917.744156 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-23T20:12:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-23T17:12:14Z", "ms": 41274734404.36936 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:24 on Thu 22 Apr to 14:00 on Fri 23 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-22T14:23:30Z → 1971-04-23T10:59:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:47–20:12 on the 22nd, 18:47–20:12 on the 23rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 85 of 85 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 85 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 4980 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 22 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Thursday 22 April. Trayodaśī runs from 17:24 on Thu 22 Apr to 14:00 on Fri 23 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-04-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-04-23", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 34927, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-23T13:59:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-23T10:59:32Z", "ms": 41252372044.3125 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-24T10:28:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-24T07:28:55Z", "ms": 41326135170.11159 }, "month": { "amanta": 0, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Caitra", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-23T13:59:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-23T10:59:32Z", "ms": 41252372044.3125 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-24T10:28:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-24T07:28:55Z", "ms": 41326135170.11159 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-23T23:41:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-23T20:41:39Z", "ms": 41287298742.588684 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-24T00:29:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-23T21:29:39Z", "ms": 41290178742.588684 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-04-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-24T23:41:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-24T20:41:28Z", "ms": 41373687828.32979 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-25T00:29:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-24T21:29:28Z", "ms": 41376567828.32979 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 14:00 on Fri 23 Apr to 10:29 on Sat 24 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-23T10:59:32Z → 1971-04-24T07:28:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:42–00:30 on the 23rd, 23:41–00:29 on the 24th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 34927 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Friday 23 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Friday 23 April. Caturdaśī runs from 14:00 on Fri 23 Apr to 10:29 on Sat 24 Apr and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-04-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/akshaya-tritiya", "festival": "akshaya-tritiya", "name": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 15631, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-04-27T00:59:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-26T21:59:47Z", "ms": 41551186936.6682 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-27T22:45:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T19:45:57Z", "ms": 41629556750.88686 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-27T00:59:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-26T21:59:47Z", "ms": 41551186936.6682 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-27T22:45:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T19:45:57Z", "ms": 41629556750.88686 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-27T05:20:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T02:20:18Z", "ms": 41566817505.366455 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-27T09:50:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T06:50:28Z", "ms": 41583028079.89975 } }, "covered_min": 270, "window_min": 270, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-28T05:19:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T02:19:07Z", "ms": 41653146729.963295 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-28T09:49:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T06:49:58Z", "ms": 41669398177.78311 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 271, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 01:00 on Tue 27 Apr to 22:46 on Tue 27 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-26T21:59:47Z → 1971-04-27T19:45:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:20–09:50 on the 27th, 05:19–09:50 on the 28th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 270 of 270 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 271 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 15631 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 27 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Rohiṇī nakṣatra and a Wednesday; neither is tested.", "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Akṣaya Tṛtīyā 1971 falls on Tuesday 27 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 01:00 on Tue 27 Apr to 22:46 on Tue 27 Apr and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/akshaya-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/parashurama-jayanti", "festival": "parashurama-jayanti", "name": "Paraśurāma Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9081, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-04-27T00:59:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-26T21:59:47Z", "ms": 41551186936.6682 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-27T22:45:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T19:45:57Z", "ms": 41629556750.88686 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-27T00:59:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-26T21:59:47Z", "ms": 41551186936.6682 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-27T22:45:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T19:45:57Z", "ms": 41629556750.88686 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-26T18:49:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-26T15:49:57Z", "ms": 41528997376.97357 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-26T20:14:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-26T17:14:00Z", "ms": 41534040060.75929 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-27T18:50:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T15:50:49Z", "ms": 41615449228.96635 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-27T20:14:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T17:14:36Z", "ms": 41620475562.43261 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 01:00 on Tue 27 Apr to 22:46 on Tue 27 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-26T21:59:47Z → 1971-04-27T19:45:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:50–20:14 on the 26th, 18:51–20:15 on the 27th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 84 minutes on the 26th and 84 of 84 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 9081 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Jayantī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 27 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Aksaya trtiya (purvahna vyapini, paraviddha) (Special when combined with Rohini naksatra and Wednesday), Candanayatra, Parasurama jayanti (pradosavyapini — if occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Paraśurāma Jayantī 1971 falls on Tuesday 27 April. Tṛtīyā runs from 01:00 on Tue 27 Apr to 22:46 on Tue 27 Apr and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/parashurama-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-04-28", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31568, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-27T22:45:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T19:45:57Z", "ms": 41629556750.88686 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-28T21:15:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T18:15:31Z", "ms": 41710531462.180084 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-27T22:45:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T19:45:57Z", "ms": 41629556750.88686 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-28T21:15:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T18:15:31Z", "ms": 41710531462.180084 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-27T11:41:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T08:41:33Z", "ms": 41589693367.1664 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-27T12:29:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-27T09:29:33Z", "ms": 41592573367.1664 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-28T11:41:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T08:41:24Z", "ms": 41676083901.69302 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-28T12:29:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T09:29:24Z", "ms": 41678963901.69302 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:46 on Tue 27 Apr to 21:16 on Wed 28 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-27T19:45:57Z → 1971-04-28T18:15:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 27th, 11:41–12:29 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31568 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 28 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Wednesday 28 April. Caturthī runs from 22:46 on Tue 27 Apr to 21:16 on Wed 28 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-04-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shankara-jayanti", "festival": "shankara-jayanti", "name": "Śaṅkara Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-04-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29124, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-28T21:15:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T18:15:31Z", "ms": 41710531462.180084 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-29T20:34:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-29T17:34:39Z", "ms": 41794478770.263954 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-28T21:15:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T18:15:31Z", "ms": 41710531462.180084 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-29T20:34:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-29T17:34:39Z", "ms": 41794478770.263954 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-28T11:41:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T08:41:24Z", "ms": 41676083901.69302 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-28T12:29:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-28T09:29:24Z", "ms": 41678963901.69302 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-04-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-29T11:41:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-29T08:41:15Z", "ms": 41762474924.57371 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-29T12:29:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-29T09:29:15Z", "ms": 41765354924.57371 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 21:16 on Wed 28 Apr to 20:35 on Thu 29 Apr.", "fact": "1971-04-28T18:15:31Z → 1971-04-29T17:34:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 28th, 11:41–12:29 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29124 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śaṅkara Jayantī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 29 April.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shankara-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Sankara jayanti." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-04-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śaṅkara Jayantī 1971 falls on Thursday 29 April. Pañcamī runs from 21:16 on Wed 28 Apr to 20:35 on Thu 29 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shankara-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/gangotpatti", "festival": "gangotpatti", "name": "Gaṅgotpatti", "everyday": "Ganga Saptami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29800, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1971-04-30T20:45:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-30T17:45:46Z", "ms": 41881546464.05778 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-01T21:46:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-01T18:46:45Z", "ms": 41971605069.1912 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-04-30T20:45:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-30T17:45:46Z", "ms": 41881546464.05778 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-01T21:46:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-01T18:46:45Z", "ms": 41971605069.1912 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-04-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-04-30T11:41:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-30T08:41:06Z", "ms": 41848866442.08745 }, "end": { "local": "1971-04-30T12:29:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-04-30T09:29:06Z", "ms": 41851746442.08745 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-05-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-01T11:40:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-01T08:40:58Z", "ms": 41935258460.90946 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-01T12:28:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-01T09:28:58Z", "ms": 41938138460.90946 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 20:46 on Fri 30 Apr to 21:47 on Sat 1 May.", "fact": "1971-04-30T17:45:46Z → 1971-05-01T18:46:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 30th, 11:41–12:29 on the 1st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 30th and 48 of 48 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 29800 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṅgotpatti, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 1 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gangotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 1971 falls on Saturday 1 May. Saptamī runs from 20:46 on Fri 30 Apr to 21:47 on Sat 1 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/gangotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-05-06", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mohinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3223, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-05T04:17:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-05T01:17:38Z", "ms": 42254258059.46386 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-06T06:52:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T03:52:41Z", "ms": 42349960877.53243 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-05T04:17:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-05T01:17:38Z", "ms": 42254258059.46386 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-06T06:52:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T03:52:41Z", "ms": 42349960877.53243 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-05T05:11:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-05T02:11:21Z", "ms": 42257480772.33878 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-05T05:11:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-05T02:11:21Z", "ms": 42257480772.33878 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-06T05:10:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T02:10:19Z", "ms": 42343818746.398766 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-06T05:10:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T02:10:19Z", "ms": 42343818746.398766 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 04:18 on Wed 5 May to 06:53 on Thu 6 May.", "fact": "1971-05-05T01:17:38Z → 1971-05-06T03:52:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:11 on the 5th and 05:10 on the 6th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 5th and is on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both sunrises qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 3223 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mohinī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mohinī Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Thursday 6 May. Ekādaśī runs from 04:18 on Wed 5 May to 06:53 on Thu 6 May and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-05-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/parashurama-dvadashi", "festival": "parashurama-dvadashi", "name": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8535, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-06T06:52:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T03:52:41Z", "ms": 42349960877.53243 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-07T09:18:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T06:18:07Z", "ms": 42445086968.75328 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-06T06:52:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T03:52:41Z", "ms": 42349960877.53243 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-07T09:18:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T06:18:07Z", "ms": 42445086968.75328 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-06T11:40:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T08:40:26Z", "ms": 42367226316.18761 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-06T12:28:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T09:28:26Z", "ms": 42370106316.18761 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-07T11:40:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T08:40:21Z", "ms": 42453621486.385956 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-07T12:28:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T09:28:21Z", "ms": 42456501486.385956 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 06:53 on Thu 6 May to 09:18 on Fri 7 May.", "fact": "1971-05-06T03:52:41Z → 1971-05-07T06:18:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 6th, 11:40–12:28 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8535 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Paraśurāma Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "parashurama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Paraśurāma Dvādaśī 1971 falls on Thursday 6 May. Dvādaśī runs from 06:53 on Thu 6 May to 09:18 on Fri 7 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/parashurama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/rukmini-dvadashi", "festival": "rukmini-dvadashi", "name": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8535, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-06T06:52:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T03:52:41Z", "ms": 42349960877.53243 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-07T09:18:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T06:18:07Z", "ms": 42445086968.75328 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-06T06:52:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T03:52:41Z", "ms": 42349960877.53243 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-07T09:18:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T06:18:07Z", "ms": 42445086968.75328 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-06T11:40:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T08:40:26Z", "ms": 42367226316.18761 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-06T12:28:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-06T09:28:26Z", "ms": 42370106316.18761 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-07T11:40:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T08:40:21Z", "ms": 42453621486.385956 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-07T12:28:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T09:28:21Z", "ms": 42456501486.385956 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 06:53 on Thu 6 May to 09:18 on Fri 7 May.", "fact": "1971-05-06T03:52:41Z → 1971-05-07T06:18:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 6th, 11:40–12:28 on the 7th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 48 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8535 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 6 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rukmini-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Parasurama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Rukmini dvadasi (purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rukmiṇī Dvādaśī 1971 falls on Thursday 6 May. Dvādaśī runs from 06:53 on Thu 6 May to 09:18 on Fri 7 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/rukmini-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-05-07", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27328, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-07T09:18:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T06:18:07Z", "ms": 42445086968.75328 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-08T11:24:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-08T08:24:48Z", "ms": 42539088335.26257 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-07T09:18:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T06:18:07Z", "ms": 42445086968.75328 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-08T11:24:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-08T08:24:48Z", "ms": 42539088335.26257 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-07T18:59:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T15:59:25Z", "ms": 42479965034.29243 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-07T20:20:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-07T17:20:36Z", "ms": 42484836146.55544 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-08T19:00:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-08T16:00:16Z", "ms": 42566416032.660774 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-08T20:21:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-08T17:21:13Z", "ms": 42571272573.22412 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 09:18 on Fri 7 May to 11:25 on Sat 8 May.", "fact": "1971-05-07T06:18:07Z → 1971-05-08T08:24:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:59–20:21 on the 7th, 19:00–20:21 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 81 of 81 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 81 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27328 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Friday 7 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Friday 7 May. Trayodaśī runs from 09:18 on Fri 7 May to 11:25 on Sat 8 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-05-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "festival": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "name": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Narasimha Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 21227, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-08T11:24:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-08T08:24:48Z", "ms": 42539088335.26257 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-09T13:07:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T10:07:20Z", "ms": 42631640052.208015 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-08T11:24:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-08T08:24:48Z", "ms": 42539088335.26257 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-09T13:07:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T10:07:20Z", "ms": 42631640052.208015 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-08T19:00:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-08T16:00:16Z", "ms": 42566416032.660774 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-08T20:21:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-08T17:21:13Z", "ms": 42571272573.22412 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-09T19:01:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T16:01:07Z", "ms": 42652866863.74148 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-09T20:21:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T17:21:49Z", "ms": 42657709028.430786 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 11:25 on Sat 8 May to 13:07 on Sun 9 May.", "fact": "1971-05-08T08:24:48Z → 1971-05-09T10:07:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:00–20:21 on the 8th, 19:01–20:22 on the 9th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 81 of 81 minutes on the 8th and 0 of 81 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 21227 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 8 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "nrisimha-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Nrsimha caturdasi (pradosa vyapini — if it occurs on two successive days, the second day is to be observed, special when combined with naksatra 'Svati', yoga 'Siddhi' and 'Saturday')." } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Svātī nakṣatra, Siddhi yoga and a Saturday; none is tested.", "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nṛsiṃha Caturdaśī (Narasimha Jayanti) 1971 falls on Saturday 8 May. Caturdaśī runs from 11:25 on Sat 8 May to 13:07 on Sun 9 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/nrisimha-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/buddha-purnima", "festival": "buddha-purnima", "name": "Buddha Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2347, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-05-09T13:07:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T10:07:20Z", "ms": 42631640052.208015 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-10T14:23:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-10T11:23:32Z", "ms": 42722611876.17102 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-09T13:07:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T10:07:20Z", "ms": 42631640052.208015 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-10T14:23:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-10T11:23:32Z", "ms": 42722611876.17102 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-09T11:40:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T08:40:13Z", "ms": 42626413475.31366 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-09T12:28:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T09:28:13Z", "ms": 42629293475.31366 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-10T11:40:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-10T08:40:10Z", "ms": 42712810304.95012 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-10T12:28:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-10T09:28:10Z", "ms": 42715690304.95012 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 13:07 on Sun 9 May to 14:24 on Mon 10 May.", "fact": "1971-05-09T10:07:20Z → 1971-05-10T11:23:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 9th, 11:40–12:28 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2347 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Buddha Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1971: Monday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "buddha-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-10", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Buddha Pūrṇimā 1971 falls on Monday 10 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 13:07 on Sun 9 May to 14:24 on Mon 10 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/buddha-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sampat-gauri-vrata", "festival": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "name": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2347, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-05-09T13:07:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T10:07:20Z", "ms": 42631640052.208015 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-10T14:23:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-10T11:23:32Z", "ms": 42722611876.17102 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 1, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Vaiśākha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-09T13:07:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T10:07:20Z", "ms": 42631640052.208015 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-10T14:23:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-10T11:23:32Z", "ms": 42722611876.17102 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-09T11:40:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T08:40:13Z", "ms": 42626413475.31366 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-09T12:28:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-09T09:28:13Z", "ms": 42629293475.31366 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-05-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-10T11:40:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-10T08:40:10Z", "ms": 42712810304.95012 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-10T12:28:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-10T09:28:10Z", "ms": 42715690304.95012 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 13:07 on Sun 9 May to 14:24 on Mon 10 May.", "fact": "1971-05-09T10:07:20Z → 1971-05-10T11:23:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:40–12:28 on the 9th, 11:40–12:28 on the 10th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 9th and 48 of 48 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2347 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sampat Gaurī Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Monday 10 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sampat-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Sampat gauri vrata (paraviddha), Phuladola (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha), Gandhesvari puja (Bengal) (purvaviddha), Buddha purnima, Vaisakhi purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Sampat Gaurī Vrata 1971 falls on Monday 10 May. Pūrṇimā runs from 13:07 on Sun 9 May to 14:24 on Mon 10 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sampat-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-05-13", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24151, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-13T15:40:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-13T12:40:18Z", "ms": 42986417523.776695 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-14T15:19:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-14T12:19:48Z", "ms": 43071588087.44663 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-13T15:40:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-13T12:40:18Z", "ms": 42986417523.776695 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-14T15:19:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-14T12:19:48Z", "ms": 43071588087.44663 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-13T22:22:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-13T19:22:49Z", "ms": 43010568925.205795 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-13T22:22:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-13T19:22:49Z", "ms": 43010568925.205795 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-14T23:11:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-14T20:11:59Z", "ms": 43099918738.30792 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-14T23:11:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-14T20:11:59Z", "ms": 43099918738.30792 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:40 on Thu 13 May to 15:20 on Fri 14 May.", "fact": "1971-05-13T12:40:18Z → 1971-05-14T12:19:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:23 on the 13th and 23:12 on the 14th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 13th and is not on the 14th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24151 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 13 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Thursday 13 May. Caturthī runs from 15:40 on Thu 13 May to 15:20 on Fri 14 May and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-05-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-05-20", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Aparā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2305, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-20T05:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-20T02:36:35Z", "ms": 43554995367.95733 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-21T02:51:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-20T23:51:08Z", "ms": 43631467553.29811 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-20T05:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-20T02:36:35Z", "ms": 43554995367.95733 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-21T02:51:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-20T23:51:08Z", "ms": 43631467553.29811 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-20T04:58:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-20T01:58:11Z", "ms": 43552690710.45882 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-20T04:58:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-20T01:58:11Z", "ms": 43552690710.45882 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-21T04:57:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-21T01:57:30Z", "ms": 43639049774.81421 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-21T04:57:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-21T01:57:30Z", "ms": 43639049774.81421 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:37 on Thu 20 May to 02:51 on Fri 21 May.", "fact": "1971-05-20T02:36:35Z → 1971-05-20T23:51:08Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:58 on the 20th and 04:57 on the 21st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 20th and is not on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 2305 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aparā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 20 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aparā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Thursday 20 May. Ekādaśī runs from 05:37 on Thu 20 May to 02:51 on Fri 21 May, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-05-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-05-22", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1744, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-21T23:56:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-21T20:56:04Z", "ms": 43707364419.70542 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-22T20:58:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-22T17:58:43Z", "ms": 43783122876.21085 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-21T23:56:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-21T20:56:04Z", "ms": 43707364419.70542 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-22T20:58:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-22T17:58:43Z", "ms": 43783122876.21085 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-21T19:10:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-21T16:10:56Z", "ms": 43690256381.44066 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-21T20:29:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-21T17:29:04Z", "ms": 43694943588.251854 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-22T19:11:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-22T16:11:43Z", "ms": 43776703001.437454 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-22T20:29:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-22T17:29:39Z", "ms": 43781378960.93751 } }, "covered_min": 78, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 23:56 on Fri 21 May to 20:59 on Sat 22 May.", "fact": "1971-05-21T20:56:04Z → 1971-05-22T17:58:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:11–20:29 on the 21st, 19:12–20:30 on the 22nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 78 minutes on the 21st and 78 of 78 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1744 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 22 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Saturday 22 May. Trayodaśī runs from 23:56 on Fri 21 May to 20:59 on Sat 22 May and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-05-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-05-22", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9675, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-22T20:58:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-22T17:58:43Z", "ms": 43783122876.21085 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-23T18:07:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-23T15:07:32Z", "ms": 43859252172.45705 }, "month": { "amanta": 1, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Vaiśākha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-22T20:58:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-22T17:58:43Z", "ms": 43783122876.21085 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-23T18:07:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-23T15:07:32Z", "ms": 43859252172.45705 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-22T23:39:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-22T20:39:58Z", "ms": 43792797849.56266 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-23T00:27:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-22T21:27:58Z", "ms": 43795677849.56266 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-23T23:40:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-23T20:40:03Z", "ms": 43879202831.2525 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-24T00:28:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-23T21:28:03Z", "ms": 43882082831.2525 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 20:59 on Sat 22 May to 18:08 on Sun 23 May.", "fact": "1971-05-22T17:58:43Z → 1971-05-23T15:07:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:40–00:28 on the 22nd, 23:40–00:28 on the 23rd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9675 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 22 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Saturday 22 May. Caturdaśī runs from 20:59 on Sat 22 May to 18:08 on Sun 23 May and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-05-22", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/rambha-tritiya", "festival": "rambha-tritiya", "name": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-26", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 184, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-05-26T11:43:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-26T08:43:41Z", "ms": 44095420629.04548 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-27T10:47:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-27T07:47:40Z", "ms": 44178459698.65605 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-26T11:43:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-26T08:43:41Z", "ms": 44095420629.04548 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-27T10:47:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-27T07:47:40Z", "ms": 44178459698.65605 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-26T11:40:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-26T08:40:36Z", "ms": 44095236458.22233 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-26T12:28:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-26T09:28:36Z", "ms": 44098116458.22233 } }, "covered_min": 45, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-27T11:40:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-27T08:40:43Z", "ms": 44181642613.77606 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-27T12:28:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-27T09:28:43Z", "ms": 44184522613.77606 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 11:44 on Wed 26 May to 10:48 on Thu 27 May.", "fact": "1971-05-26T08:43:41Z → 1971-05-27T07:47:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 26th, 11:41–12:29 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 45 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 184 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rambhā Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 26 May.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rambha-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Rambha trtiya (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-26", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rambhā Tṛtīyā 1971 falls on Wednesday 26 May. Tṛtīyā runs from 11:44 on Wed 26 May to 10:48 on Thu 27 May and covers 45 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It is 3 min 04 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/rambha-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-05-27", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3183, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-27T10:47:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-27T07:47:40Z", "ms": 44178459698.65605 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-28T10:37:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-28T07:37:44Z", "ms": 44264264375.79798 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-27T10:47:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-27T07:47:40Z", "ms": 44178459698.65605 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-28T10:37:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-28T07:37:44Z", "ms": 44264264375.79798 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-27T11:40:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-27T08:40:43Z", "ms": 44181642613.77606 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-27T12:28:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-27T09:28:43Z", "ms": 44184522613.77606 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-28T11:40:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-28T08:40:49Z", "ms": 44268049225.88292 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-28T12:28:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-28T09:28:49Z", "ms": 44270929225.88292 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 10:48 on Thu 27 May to 10:38 on Fri 28 May.", "fact": "1971-05-27T07:47:40Z → 1971-05-28T07:37:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 27th, 11:41–12:29 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3183 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 27 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-27", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Thursday 27 May. Caturthī runs from 10:48 on Thu 27 May to 10:38 on Fri 28 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-05-27", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "festival": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 454, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-29T11:15:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-29T08:15:10Z", "ms": 44352910307.794075 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-30T12:36:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-30T09:36:38Z", "ms": 44444197984.270584 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-29T11:15:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-29T08:15:10Z", "ms": 44352910307.794075 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-30T12:36:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-30T09:36:38Z", "ms": 44444197984.270584 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-29T11:40:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-29T08:40:56Z", "ms": 44354456279.035416 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-29T12:28:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-29T09:28:56Z", "ms": 44357336279.035416 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-30T11:41:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-30T08:41:04Z", "ms": 44440863757.92546 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-30T12:29:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-30T09:29:04Z", "ms": 44443743757.92546 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 11:15 on Sat 29 May to 12:37 on Sun 30 May.", "fact": "1971-05-29T08:15:10Z → 1971-05-30T09:36:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 29th, 11:41–12:29 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 454 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha), Mosul, 1971: Saturday 29 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī (Jyaiṣṭha) 1971 falls on Saturday 29 May. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 11:15 on Sat 29 May to 12:37 on Sun 30 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/skanda-shashthi-jyaishtha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/aranya-gauri-vrata", "festival": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "name": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-05-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 454, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1971-05-29T11:15:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-29T08:15:10Z", "ms": 44352910307.794075 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-30T12:36:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-30T09:36:38Z", "ms": 44444197984.270584 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-05-29T11:15:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-29T08:15:10Z", "ms": 44352910307.794075 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-30T12:36:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-30T09:36:38Z", "ms": 44444197984.270584 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-05-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-29T11:40:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-29T08:40:56Z", "ms": 44354456279.035416 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-29T12:28:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-29T09:28:56Z", "ms": 44357336279.035416 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-05-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-05-30T11:41:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-30T08:41:04Z", "ms": 44440863757.92546 }, "end": { "local": "1971-05-30T12:29:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-05-30T09:29:04Z", "ms": 44443743757.92546 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "paraviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 11:15 on Sat 29 May to 12:37 on Sun 30 May.", "fact": "1971-05-29T08:15:10Z → 1971-05-30T09:36:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 29th, 11:41–12:29 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 48 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Paraviddhā: the second is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → paraviddha · margin 454 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Araṇya Gaurī Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 30 May.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aranya-gauri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Aranya sasthi, Aranya gauri vrata, (paraviddha), Skanda sasthi, (purvaviddha), Sitala sasthi yatra (Orissa)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-05-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Araṇya Gaurī Vrata 1971 falls on Sunday 30 May. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 11:15 on Sat 29 May to 12:37 on Sun 30 May and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the previous midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the second midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/aranya-gauri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-06-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17963, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-03T21:46:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-03T18:46:56Z", "ms": 44822816325.10204 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-04T23:51:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-04T20:51:10Z", "ms": 44916670167.52758 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-03T21:46:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-03T18:46:56Z", "ms": 44822816325.10204 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-04T23:51:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-04T20:51:10Z", "ms": 44916670167.52758 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-04T04:50:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-04T01:50:49Z", "ms": 44848248846.85795 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-04T04:50:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-04T01:50:49Z", "ms": 44848248846.85795 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-05T04:50:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T01:50:33Z", "ms": 44934632834.48847 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-05T04:50:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T01:50:33Z", "ms": 44934632834.48847 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 21:47 on Thu 3 Jun to 23:51 on Fri 4 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-03T18:46:56Z → 1971-06-04T20:51:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:51 on the 4th and 04:51 on the 5th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 4th and is not on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 17963 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nirjalā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Friday 4 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nirjalā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Friday 4 June. Ekādaśī runs from 21:47 on Thu 3 Jun to 23:51 on Fri 4 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-06-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shri-rama-dvadashi", "festival": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "name": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36859, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-04T23:51:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-04T20:51:10Z", "ms": 44916670167.52758 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-06T01:27:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T22:27:48Z", "ms": 45008867812.05097 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-04T23:51:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-04T20:51:10Z", "ms": 44916670167.52758 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-06T01:27:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T22:27:48Z", "ms": 45008867812.05097 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-05T11:41:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T08:41:57Z", "ms": 44959316716.30345 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-05T12:29:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T09:29:57Z", "ms": 44962196716.30345 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-06T11:42:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-06T08:42:07Z", "ms": 45045726745.78096 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-06T12:30:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-06T09:30:07Z", "ms": 45048606745.78096 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 23:51 on Fri 4 Jun to 01:28 on Sun 6 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-04T20:51:10Z → 1971-06-05T22:27:48Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:42–12:30 on the 5th, 11:42–12:30 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 36859 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 5 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shri-rama-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Sri Rama dvadasi (purvaviddha), Campaka dvadasi (Orissa) (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śrī Rāma Dvādaśī 1971 falls on Saturday 5 June. Dvādaśī runs from 23:51 on Fri 4 Jun to 01:28 on Sun 6 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shri-rama-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-06-06", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17435, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-06T01:27:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T22:27:48Z", "ms": 45008867812.05097 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-07T02:32:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-06T23:32:13Z", "ms": 45099133033.89654 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-06T01:27:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T22:27:48Z", "ms": 45008867812.05097 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-07T02:32:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-06T23:32:13Z", "ms": 45099133033.89654 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-05T19:21:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T16:21:21Z", "ms": 44986880598.11842 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-05T20:37:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-05T17:37:12Z", "ms": 44991432322.70945 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-06-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-06T19:21:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-06T16:21:55Z", "ms": 45073314959.010826 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-06T20:37:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-06T17:37:40Z", "ms": 45077860423.457275 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 01:28 on Sun 6 Jun to 02:32 on Mon 7 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-05T22:27:48Z → 1971-06-06T23:32:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:21–20:37 on the 5th, 19:22–20:38 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 76 minutes on the 5th and 76 of 76 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17435 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 6 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Sunday 6 June. Trayodaśī runs from 01:28 on Sun 6 Jun to 02:32 on Mon 7 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-06-06", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vata-savitri-vrata", "festival": "vata-savitri-vrata", "name": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23102, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-06-08T03:03:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-08T00:03:32Z", "ms": 45187412331.16826 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-09T03:03:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-09T00:03:36Z", "ms": 45273816118.50262 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 2, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-08T03:03:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-08T00:03:32Z", "ms": 45187412331.16826 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-09T03:03:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-09T00:03:36Z", "ms": 45273816118.50262 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-07T19:22:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-07T16:22:28Z", "ms": 45159748211.96585 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-07T20:38:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-07T17:38:08Z", "ms": 45164287792.28413 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-06-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-08T19:23:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-08T16:23:00Z", "ms": 45246180324.85973 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-08T20:38:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-08T17:38:34Z", "ms": 45250714401.29717 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 03:04 on Tue 8 Jun to 03:04 on Wed 9 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-08T00:03:32Z → 1971-06-09T00:03:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:22–20:38 on the 7th, 19:23–20:39 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 76 minutes on the 7th and 76 of 76 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23102 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 8 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vata-savitri-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Vata-savitri vrata (Deccan) (pradosavyapini, purvaviddha), Snanayatra (Bengal & Orissa) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vaṭa Sāvitrī Vrata 1971 falls on Tuesday 8 June. Pūrṇimā runs from 03:04 on Tue 8 Jun to 03:04 on Wed 9 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vata-savitri-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-06-12", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2061, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-12T00:33:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-11T21:33:18Z", "ms": 45523997700.04496 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-12T23:05:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-12T20:05:50Z", "ms": 45605149948.44842 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-12T00:33:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-11T21:33:18Z", "ms": 45523997700.04496 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-12T23:05:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-12T20:05:50Z", "ms": 45605149948.44842 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-11T21:53:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-11T18:53:14Z", "ms": 45514394428.69053 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-11T21:53:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-11T18:53:14Z", "ms": 45514394428.69053 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-06-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-12T22:31:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-12T19:31:29Z", "ms": 45603088583.050735 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-12T22:31:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-12T19:31:29Z", "ms": 45603088583.050735 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:33 on Sat 12 Jun to 23:06 on Sat 12 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-11T21:33:18Z → 1971-06-12T20:05:50Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:53 on the 11th and 22:31 on the 12th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 11th and is on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2061 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 12 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Saturday 12 June. Caturthī runs from 00:33 on Sat 12 Jun to 23:06 on Sat 12 Jun and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-06-12", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-06-19", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Yoginī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12486, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-18T10:38:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-18T07:38:26Z", "ms": 46078706396.41414 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-19T08:17:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-19T05:17:53Z", "ms": 46156673360.20594 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-18T10:38:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-18T07:38:26Z", "ms": 46078706396.41414 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-19T08:17:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-19T05:17:53Z", "ms": 46156673360.20594 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-18T04:49:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-18T01:49:40Z", "ms": 46057779856.931694 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-18T04:49:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-18T01:49:40Z", "ms": 46057779856.931694 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-19T04:49:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-19T01:49:48Z", "ms": 46144187520.34681 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-19T04:49:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-19T01:49:48Z", "ms": 46144187520.34681 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:38 on Fri 18 Jun to 08:18 on Sat 19 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-18T07:38:26Z → 1971-06-19T05:17:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:50 on the 18th and 04:50 on the 19th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 18th and is on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12486 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yoginī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 19 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yoginī Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Saturday 19 June. Ekādaśī runs from 10:38 on Fri 18 Jun to 08:18 on Sat 19 Jun and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-06-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-06-20", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26251, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-20T06:03:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-20T03:03:08Z", "ms": 46234987854.36828 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-21T04:00:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-21T01:00:16Z", "ms": 46314015893.84261 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-20T06:03:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-20T03:03:08Z", "ms": 46234987854.36828 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-21T04:00:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-21T01:00:16Z", "ms": 46314015893.84261 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-19T19:27:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-19T16:27:29Z", "ms": 46196849455.22172 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-19T20:42:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-19T17:42:29Z", "ms": 46201349099.821365 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-20T19:27:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-20T16:27:45Z", "ms": 46283265477.82129 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-20T20:42:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-20T17:42:44Z", "ms": 46287764432.72138 } }, "covered_min": 75, "window_min": 75, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 06:03 on Sun 20 Jun to 04:00 on Mon 21 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-20T03:03:08Z → 1971-06-21T01:00:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:27–20:42 on the 19th, 19:28–20:43 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 75 minutes on the 19th and 75 of 75 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26251 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 20 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Sunday 20 June. Trayodaśī runs from 06:03 on Sun 20 Jun to 04:00 on Mon 21 Jun and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-06-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-06-21", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6172, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-21T04:00:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-21T01:00:16Z", "ms": 46314015893.84261 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-22T02:16:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-21T23:16:02Z", "ms": 46394161729.311455 }, "month": { "amanta": 2, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Jyeṣṭha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-21T04:00:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-21T01:00:16Z", "ms": 46314015893.84261 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-22T02:16:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-21T23:16:02Z", "ms": 46394161729.311455 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-20T23:44:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-20T20:44:57Z", "ms": 46298696558.696625 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-21T00:32:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-20T21:32:57Z", "ms": 46301576558.696625 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-06-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-21T23:45:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-21T20:45:10Z", "ms": 46385110002.23085 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-22T00:33:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-21T21:33:10Z", "ms": 46387990002.23085 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 04:00 on Mon 21 Jun to 02:16 on Tue 22 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-21T01:00:16Z → 1971-06-21T23:16:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:45–00:33 on the 20th, 23:45–00:33 on the 21st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 6172 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Monday 21 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Monday 21 June. Caturdaśī runs from 04:00 on Mon 21 Jun to 02:16 on Tue 22 Jun and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-06-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/rathayatra", "festival": "rathayatra", "name": "Rathayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41219, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-06-24T00:10:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-23T21:10:31Z", "ms": 46559430530.04715 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-25T00:00:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-24T21:00:41Z", "ms": 46645241045.39353 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-24T00:10:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-23T21:10:31Z", "ms": 46559430530.04715 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-25T00:00:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-24T21:00:41Z", "ms": 46645241045.39353 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-23T11:45:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-23T08:45:29Z", "ms": 46514729085.07632 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-23T12:33:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-23T09:33:29Z", "ms": 46517609085.07632 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-06-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-24T11:45:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-24T08:45:42Z", "ms": 46601141645.27409 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-24T12:33:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-24T09:33:42Z", "ms": 46604021645.27409 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 00:11 on Thu 24 Jun to 00:01 on Fri 25 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-23T21:10:31Z → 1971-06-24T21:00:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 23rd, 11:46–12:34 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 48 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 41219 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rathayātrā, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 24 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rathayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Rathayatra (paraviddha, special when combined with naksatra 'Pusya')" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Puṣya nakṣatra; the nakṣatra is not tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rathayātrā 1971 falls on Thursday 24 June. Dvitīyā runs from 00:11 on Thu 24 Jun to 00:01 on Fri 25 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/rathayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-06-26", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36386, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-26T00:30:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-25T21:30:38Z", "ms": 46733437684.853096 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-27T01:39:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-26T22:39:53Z", "ms": 46823992507.60169 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-26T00:30:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-25T21:30:38Z", "ms": 46733437684.853096 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-27T01:39:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-26T22:39:53Z", "ms": 46823992507.60169 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-26T11:46:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-26T08:46:06Z", "ms": 46773966463.7408 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-26T12:34:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-26T09:34:06Z", "ms": 46776846463.7408 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-27T11:46:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-27T08:46:19Z", "ms": 46860378669.386086 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-27T12:34:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-27T09:34:19Z", "ms": 46863258669.386086 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 00:31 on Sat 26 Jun to 01:40 on Sun 27 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-25T21:30:38Z → 1971-06-26T22:39:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 26th, 11:46–12:34 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 0 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36386 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 26 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Saturday 26 June. Caturthī runs from 00:31 on Sat 26 Jun to 01:40 on Sun 27 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-06-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/skanda-panchami", "festival": "skanda-panchami", "name": "Skanda Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30154, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-27T01:39:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-26T22:39:53Z", "ms": 46823992507.60169 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-28T03:23:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-28T00:23:57Z", "ms": 46916636800.914635 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-27T01:39:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-26T22:39:53Z", "ms": 46823992507.60169 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-28T03:23:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-28T00:23:57Z", "ms": 46916636800.914635 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-27T11:46:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-27T08:46:19Z", "ms": 46860378669.386086 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-27T12:34:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-27T09:34:19Z", "ms": 46863258669.386086 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-06-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-28T11:46:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-28T08:46:31Z", "ms": 46946790705.86429 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-28T12:34:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-28T09:34:31Z", "ms": 46949670705.86429 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 01:40 on Sun 27 Jun to 03:24 on Mon 28 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-26T22:39:53Z → 1971-06-28T00:23:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 27th, 11:47–12:35 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 30154 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Pañcamī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 27 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Skanda pancami (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Skanda Pañcamī 1971 falls on Sunday 27 June. Pañcamī runs from 01:40 on Sun 27 Jun to 03:24 on Mon 28 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/skanda-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vivasvat-saptami", "festival": "vivasvat-saptami", "name": "Vivasvat Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-06-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13723, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1971-06-29T05:34:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-29T02:34:09Z", "ms": 47010848631.64753 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-30T07:58:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-30T04:58:12Z", "ms": 47105891670.647194 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-06-29T05:34:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-29T02:34:09Z", "ms": 47010848631.64753 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-30T07:58:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-30T04:58:12Z", "ms": 47105891670.647194 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-06-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-29T11:46:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-29T08:46:43Z", "ms": 47033202549.29761 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-29T12:34:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-29T09:34:43Z", "ms": 47036082549.29761 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-06-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-06-30T11:46:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-30T08:46:54Z", "ms": 47119614176.72562 }, "end": { "local": "1971-06-30T12:34:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-06-30T09:34:54Z", "ms": 47122494176.72562 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 05:34 on Tue 29 Jun to 07:58 on Wed 30 Jun.", "fact": "1971-06-29T02:34:09Z → 1971-06-30T04:58:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 29th, 11:47–12:35 on the 30th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 13723 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vivasvat Saptamī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 29 June.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vivasvat-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Vivasvat saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-06-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vivasvat Saptamī 1971 falls on Tuesday 29 June. Saptamī runs from 05:34 on Tue 29 Jun to 07:58 on Wed 30 Jun and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vivasvat-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-07-04", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33557, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-07-03T14:13:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-03T11:13:27Z", "ms": 47387606684.21936 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-04T15:21:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-04T12:21:19Z", "ms": 47478079006.383224 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-03T14:13:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-03T11:13:27Z", "ms": 47387606684.21936 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-04T15:21:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-04T12:21:19Z", "ms": 47478079006.383224 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-03T04:54:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-03T01:54:10Z", "ms": 47354050117.60681 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-03T04:54:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-03T01:54:10Z", "ms": 47354050117.60681 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-07-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-04T04:54:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-04T01:54:39Z", "ms": 47440478701.00294 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-04T04:54:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-04T01:54:39Z", "ms": 47440478701.00294 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 14:13 on Sat 3 Jul to 15:21 on Sun 4 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-03T11:13:27Z → 1971-07-04T12:21:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 04:54 on the 3rd and 04:55 on the 4th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 3rd and is on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33557 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hariśayanī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 4 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Hariśayanī Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Sunday 4 July. Ekādaśī runs from 14:13 on Sat 3 Jul to 15:21 on Sun 4 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-07-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-07-05", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 13083, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-07-05T15:50:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-05T12:50:25Z", "ms": 47566225124.27609 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-06T15:40:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-06T12:40:30Z", "ms": 47652030392.98421 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-05T15:50:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-05T12:50:25Z", "ms": 47566225124.27609 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-06T15:40:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-06T12:40:30Z", "ms": 47652030392.98421 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-05T19:28:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-05T16:28:28Z", "ms": 47579308250.35316 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-05T20:44:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-05T17:44:06Z", "ms": 47583845714.4799 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-07-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-06T19:28:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-06T16:28:17Z", "ms": 47665697237.4676 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-06T20:44:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-06T17:44:00Z", "ms": 47670240420.62641 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:50 on Mon 5 Jul to 15:41 on Tue 6 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-05T12:50:25Z → 1971-07-06T12:40:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:28–20:44 on the 5th, 19:28–20:44 on the 6th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 76 of 76 minutes on the 5th and 0 of 76 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 13083 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Monday 5 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Monday 5 July. Trayodaśī runs from 15:50 on Mon 5 Jul to 15:41 on Tue 6 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-07-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/kokila-vrata", "festival": "kokila-vrata", "name": "Kokilā Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5963, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T14:54:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z", "ms": 47735659165.17639 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T13:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T10:36:35Z", "ms": 47817395438.88996 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T14:54:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z", "ms": 47735659165.17639 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T13:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T10:36:35Z", "ms": 47817395438.88996 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T16:33:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T13:33:42Z", "ms": 47741621789.436874 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-07T19:28:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T16:28:04Z", "ms": 47752084459.00642 } }, "covered_min": 174, "window_min": 174, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-08T16:33:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T13:33:37Z", "ms": 47828016739.00157 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T19:27:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T16:27:50Z", "ms": 47838469917.83993 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 174, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Wed 7 Jul to 13:37 on Thu 8 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z → 1971-07-08T10:36:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:34–19:28 on the 7th, 16:34–19:28 on the 8th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 174 of 174 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 174 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 5963 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kokilā Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 7 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kokila-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kokilā Vrata 1971 falls on Wednesday 7 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Wed 7 Jul to 13:37 on Thu 8 Jul and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/kokila-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shiva-shayanotsava", "festival": "shiva-shayanotsava", "name": "Śiva Śayanotsava", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16425, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T14:54:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z", "ms": 47735659165.17639 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T13:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T10:36:35Z", "ms": 47817395438.88996 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T14:54:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z", "ms": 47735659165.17639 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T13:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T10:36:35Z", "ms": 47817395438.88996 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T19:28:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T16:28:04Z", "ms": 47752084459.00642 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-07T20:43:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T17:43:54Z", "ms": 47756633734.29198 } }, "covered_min": 76, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-08T19:27:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T16:27:50Z", "ms": 47838469917.83993 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T20:43:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T17:43:46Z", "ms": 47843025653.69599 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 76, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Wed 7 Jul to 13:37 on Thu 8 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z → 1971-07-08T10:36:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:28–20:44 on the 7th, 19:28–20:44 on the 8th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 76 of 76 minutes on the 7th and 0 of 76 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16425 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śiva Śayanotsava, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 7 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shiva-shayanotsava", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śiva Śayanotsava 1971 falls on Wednesday 7 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Wed 7 Jul to 13:37 on Thu 8 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shiva-shayanotsava", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vyasa-puja", "festival": "vyasa-puja", "name": "Vyāsa Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20738, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T14:54:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z", "ms": 47735659165.17639 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T13:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T10:36:35Z", "ms": 47817395438.88996 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T14:54:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z", "ms": 47735659165.17639 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T13:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T10:36:35Z", "ms": 47817395438.88996 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T04:56:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T01:56:11Z", "ms": 47699771111.15872 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-07T07:50:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T04:50:34Z", "ms": 47710233780.728264 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 174, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-08T04:56:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T01:56:44Z", "ms": 47786204023.64814 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T07:50:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T04:50:57Z", "ms": 47796657202.486496 } }, "covered_min": 174, "window_min": 174, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Wed 7 Jul to 13:37 on Thu 8 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z → 1971-07-08T10:36:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 04:56–07:51 on the 7th, 04:57–07:51 on the 8th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 174 minutes on the 7th and 174 of 174 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 20738 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vyāsa Pūjā, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vyasa-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vyāsa Pūjā 1971 falls on Thursday 8 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Wed 7 Jul to 13:37 on Thu 8 Jul and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vyasa-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/guru-purnima", "festival": "guru-purnima", "name": "Guru Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-08", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3618, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T14:54:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z", "ms": 47735659165.17639 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T13:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T10:36:35Z", "ms": 47817395438.88996 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 3, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Āṣāḍha" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T14:54:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z", "ms": 47735659165.17639 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T13:36:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T10:36:35Z", "ms": 47817395438.88996 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-07T11:48:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T08:48:08Z", "ms": 47724487785.082565 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-07T12:36:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-07T09:36:08Z", "ms": 47727367785.082565 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-07-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-08T11:48:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T08:48:17Z", "ms": 47810896970.74403 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-08T12:36:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-08T09:36:17Z", "ms": 47813776970.74403 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Wed 7 Jul to 13:37 on Thu 8 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-07T11:54:19Z → 1971-07-08T10:36:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:48–12:36 on the 7th, 11:48–12:36 on the 8th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 7th and 48 of 48 on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3618 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Guru Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 8 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "guru-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Guru purnima (paraviddha), Vyasa puja (paraviddha, 3 muhurtas after sunrise), Kokila vrata (sayahna vyapini). Siva sayanotsava (pradosavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-08", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-08", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Guru Pūrṇimā 1971 falls on Thursday 8 July. Pūrṇimā runs from 14:54 on Wed 7 Jul to 13:37 on Thu 8 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/guru-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 31001, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-07-09T11:53:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-09T08:53:08Z", "ms": 47897588358.307175 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-10T09:50:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-10T06:50:09Z", "ms": 47976608959.32409 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-09T11:53:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-09T08:53:08Z", "ms": 47897588358.307175 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-10T09:50:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-10T06:50:09Z", "ms": 47976608959.32409 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-09T20:29:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-09T17:29:49Z", "ms": 47928589112.817 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-09T20:29:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-09T17:29:49Z", "ms": 47928589112.817 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-10T21:05:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-10T18:05:22Z", "ms": 48017121638.32926 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-10T21:05:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-10T18:05:22Z", "ms": 48017121638.32926 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 11:53 on Fri 9 Jul to 09:50 on Sat 10 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-09T08:53:08Z → 1971-07-10T06:50:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:30 on the 9th and 21:05 on the 10th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 31001 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha), Mosul, 1971: Friday 9 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 102", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunya sayana vrata (candrodaya vyapini; purvahna vyapini and purvaviddha in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row reads pūrvāhṇa and pūrvaviddha; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata (Āṣāḍha) 1971 falls on Friday 9 July. Dvitīyā runs from 11:53 on Fri 9 Jul to 09:50 on Sat 10 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ashunya-shayana-vrata-ashadha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-07-11", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 27154, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-07-11T07:33:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-11T04:33:39Z", "ms": 48054819438.018906 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-12T05:09:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-12T02:09:14Z", "ms": 48132553800.07056 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-11T07:33:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-11T04:33:39Z", "ms": 48054819438.018906 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-12T05:09:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-12T02:09:14Z", "ms": 48132553800.07056 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-10T21:05:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-10T18:05:22Z", "ms": 48017121638.32926 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-10T21:05:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-10T18:05:22Z", "ms": 48017121638.32926 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-07-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-11T21:36:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-11T18:36:40Z", "ms": 48105400174.088425 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-11T21:36:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-11T18:36:40Z", "ms": 48105400174.088425 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 07:34 on Sun 11 Jul to 05:09 on Mon 12 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-11T04:33:39Z → 1971-07-12T02:09:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:05 on the 10th and 21:37 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 27154 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 11 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Sunday 11 July. Caturthī runs from 07:34 on Sun 11 Jul to 05:09 on Mon 12 Jul and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-07-11", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-07-18", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33490, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-07-17T15:51:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-17T12:51:48Z", "ms": 48603108132.73813 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-18T14:21:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-18T11:21:13Z", "ms": 48684072918.42953 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-17T15:51:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-17T12:51:48Z", "ms": 48603108132.73813 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-18T14:21:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-18T11:21:13Z", "ms": 48684072918.42953 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-17T05:02:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-17T02:02:21Z", "ms": 48564141483.30705 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-17T05:02:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-17T02:02:21Z", "ms": 48564141483.30705 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-07-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-18T05:03:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-18T02:03:03Z", "ms": 48650582950.75316 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-18T05:03:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-18T02:03:03Z", "ms": 48650582950.75316 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 15:52 on Sat 17 Jul to 14:21 on Sun 18 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-17T12:51:48Z → 1971-07-18T11:21:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:02 on the 17th and 05:03 on the 18th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 17th and is on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 33490 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kāmikā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 18 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kāmikā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Sunday 18 July. Ekādaśī runs from 15:52 on Sat 17 Jul to 14:21 on Sun 18 Jul and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-07-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-07-19", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22336, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-07-19T13:11:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-19T10:11:00Z", "ms": 48766259697.69777 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-20T12:24:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-20T09:24:28Z", "ms": 48849868058.65289 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-19T13:11:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-19T10:11:00Z", "ms": 48766259697.69777 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-20T12:24:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-20T09:24:28Z", "ms": 48849868058.65289 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-19T19:23:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-19T16:23:15Z", "ms": 48788595457.22405 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-19T20:40:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-19T17:40:45Z", "ms": 48793245105.64905 } }, "covered_min": 77, "window_min": 77, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-20T19:22:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-20T16:22:40Z", "ms": 48874960328.48742 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-20T20:40:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-20T17:40:20Z", "ms": 48879620437.011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 78, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 13:11 on Mon 19 Jul to 12:24 on Tue 20 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-19T10:11:00Z → 1971-07-20T09:24:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:23–20:41 on the 19th, 19:23–20:40 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 77 of 77 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 78 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 22336 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Monday 19 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Monday 19 July. Trayodaśī runs from 13:11 on Mon 19 Jul to 12:24 on Tue 20 Jul and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-07-19", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-07-20", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 41128, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-07-20T12:24:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-20T09:24:28Z", "ms": 48849868058.65289 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-21T12:04:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-21T09:04:52Z", "ms": 48935092065.50522 }, "month": { "amanta": 3, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āṣāḍha", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-20T12:24:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-20T09:24:28Z", "ms": 48849868058.65289 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-21T12:04:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-21T09:04:52Z", "ms": 48935092065.50522 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-20T23:49:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-20T20:49:56Z", "ms": 48890995735.45085 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-21T00:37:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-20T21:37:56Z", "ms": 48893875735.45085 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-07-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-21T23:49:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-21T20:49:59Z", "ms": 48977399276.64028 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-22T00:37:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-21T21:37:59Z", "ms": 48980279276.64028 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 12:24 on Tue 20 Jul to 12:05 on Wed 21 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-20T09:24:28Z → 1971-07-21T09:04:52Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:50–00:38 on the 20th, 23:50–00:38 on the 21st.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 0 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 41128 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 20 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Tuesday 20 July. Caturdaśī runs from 12:24 on Tue 20 Jul to 12:05 on Wed 21 Jul and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-07-20", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/madhusrava-tritiya", "festival": "madhusrava-tritiya", "name": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Hariyali Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 5514, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-07-24T14:09:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-24T11:09:37Z", "ms": 49201777352.477036 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-25T15:51:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-25T12:51:59Z", "ms": 49294319098.85508 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-24T14:09:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-24T11:09:37Z", "ms": 49201777352.477036 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-25T15:51:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-25T12:51:59Z", "ms": 49294319098.85508 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-24T11:49:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-24T08:49:44Z", "ms": 49193383820.01081 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-24T12:37:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-24T09:37:44Z", "ms": 49196263820.01081 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-25T11:49:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-25T08:49:45Z", "ms": 49279784826.60428 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-25T12:37:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-25T09:37:45Z", "ms": 49282664826.60428 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 14:10 on Sat 24 Jul to 15:52 on Sun 25 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-24T11:09:37Z → 1971-07-25T12:51:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:50–12:38 on the 24th, 11:50–12:38 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 5514 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Madhusravā Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 25 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "madhusrava-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Madhusrava (Gujerat) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Madhusravā Tṛtīyā (Hariyali Teej) 1971 falls on Sunday 25 July. Tṛtīyā runs from 14:10 on Sat 24 Jul to 15:52 on Sun 25 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/madhusrava-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-07-26", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-26", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11654, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-07-25T15:51:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-25T12:51:59Z", "ms": 49294319098.85508 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-26T17:58:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-26T14:58:22Z", "ms": 49388301805.71772 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-25T15:51:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-25T12:51:59Z", "ms": 49294319098.85508 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-26T17:58:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-26T14:58:22Z", "ms": 49388301805.71772 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-25T11:49:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-25T08:49:45Z", "ms": 49279784826.60428 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-25T12:37:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-25T09:37:45Z", "ms": 49282664826.60428 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-26T11:49:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-26T08:49:45Z", "ms": 49366185242.18337 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-26T12:37:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-26T09:37:45Z", "ms": 49369065242.18337 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 15:52 on Sun 25 Jul to 17:58 on Mon 26 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-25T12:51:59Z → 1971-07-26T14:58:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:50–12:38 on the 25th, 11:50–12:38 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11654 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 26 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-26", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Monday 26 July. Caturthī runs from 15:52 on Sun 25 Jul to 17:58 on Mon 26 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-07-26", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/naga-panchami", "festival": "naga-panchami", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-07-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19237, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1971-07-26T17:58:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-26T14:58:22Z", "ms": 49388301805.71772 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-27T20:20:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-27T17:20:22Z", "ms": 49483221808.79572 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-07-26T17:58:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-26T14:58:22Z", "ms": 49388301805.71772 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-27T20:20:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-27T17:20:22Z", "ms": 49483221808.79572 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-07-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-26T11:49:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-26T08:49:45Z", "ms": 49366185242.18337 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-26T12:37:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-26T09:37:45Z", "ms": 49369065242.18337 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-07-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-07-27T11:49:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-27T08:49:45Z", "ms": 49452585059.54518 }, "end": { "local": "1971-07-27T12:37:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-07-27T09:37:45Z", "ms": 49455465059.54518 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 17:58 on Mon 26 Jul to 20:20 on Tue 27 Jul.", "fact": "1971-07-26T14:58:22Z → 1971-07-27T17:20:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:50–12:38 on the 26th, 11:50–12:38 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19237 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 27 July.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-07-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nāga Pañcamī 1971 falls on Tuesday 27 July. Pañcamī runs from 17:58 on Mon 26 Jul to 20:20 on Tue 27 Jul and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/naga-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-08-02", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-02", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 22, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-02T05:13:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-02T02:13:02Z", "ms": 49947182340.025314 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-03T05:14:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T02:14:49Z", "ms": 50033688938.14694 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-02T05:13:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-02T02:13:02Z", "ms": 49947182340.025314 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-03T05:14:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T02:14:49Z", "ms": 50033688938.14694 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-02T05:14:23+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-02T02:14:23Z", "ms": 49947262843.59502 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-02T05:14:23+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-02T02:14:23Z", "ms": 49947262843.59502 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-03T05:15:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T02:15:11Z", "ms": 50033710519.63955 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-03T05:15:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T02:15:11Z", "ms": 50033710519.63955 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 05:13 on Mon 2 Aug to 05:15 on Tue 3 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-02T02:13:02Z → 1971-08-03T02:14:49Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:14 on the 2nd and 05:15 on the 3rd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 2nd and is not on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 2 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-02", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-02", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Putradā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Monday 2 August. Ekādaśī runs from 05:13 on Mon 2 Aug to 05:15 on Tue 3 Aug and is current at sunrise that day. It is 0 min 22 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-08-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/damodara-dvadashi", "festival": "damodara-dvadashi", "name": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-03", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23678, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-03T05:14:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T02:14:49Z", "ms": 50033688938.14694 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-04T04:32:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-04T01:32:37Z", "ms": 50117556574.06907 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-03T05:14:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T02:14:49Z", "ms": 50033688938.14694 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-04T04:32:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-04T01:32:37Z", "ms": 50117556574.06907 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-03T11:49:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T08:49:27Z", "ms": 50057366696.905045 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-03T12:37:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T09:37:27Z", "ms": 50060246696.905045 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-04T11:49:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-04T08:49:22Z", "ms": 50143761623.597534 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-04T12:37:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-04T09:37:22Z", "ms": 50146641623.597534 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 05:15 on Tue 3 Aug to 04:33 on Wed 4 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-03T02:14:49Z → 1971-08-04T01:32:37Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 3rd, 11:49–12:37 on the 4th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 3rd and 0 of 48 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23678 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dāmodara Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 3 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "damodara-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Buddha dvadasi, Damodara dvadasi (purvaviddha), Visnu-pavitraropana." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-03", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Dāmodara Dvādaśī 1971 falls on Tuesday 3 August. Dvādaśī runs from 05:15 on Tue 3 Aug to 04:33 on Wed 4 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/damodara-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-08-04", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23867, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-04T04:32:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-04T01:32:37Z", "ms": 50117556574.06907 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-05T03:09:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-05T00:09:20Z", "ms": 50198960334.95496 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-04T04:32:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-04T01:32:37Z", "ms": 50117556574.06907 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-05T03:09:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-05T00:09:20Z", "ms": 50198960334.95496 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-03T19:11:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T16:11:43Z", "ms": 50083902874.17055 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-03T20:32:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-03T17:32:17Z", "ms": 50088736935.93455 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-04T19:10:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-04T16:10:45Z", "ms": 50170244909.794525 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-04T20:31:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-04T17:31:33Z", "ms": 50175093092.21825 } }, "covered_min": 81, "window_min": 81, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 04:33 on Wed 4 Aug to 03:09 on Thu 5 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-04T01:32:37Z → 1971-08-05T00:09:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 19:12–20:32 on the 3rd, 19:11–20:32 on the 4th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 81 minutes on the 3rd and 81 of 81 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23867 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 4 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Wednesday 4 August. Trayodaśī runs from 04:33 on Wed 4 Aug to 03:09 on Thu 5 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-08-04", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/raksha-bandhana", "festival": "raksha-bandhana", "name": "Rakṣā Bandhana", "everyday": "Rakhi", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23762, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-08-06T01:10:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-05T22:10:18Z", "ms": 50278217589.10625 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-06T22:42:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-06T19:42:20Z", "ms": 50355740385.97987 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "second-half", "start": { "local": "1971-08-06T11:59:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-06T08:59:28Z", "ms": 50317167510.63905 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-06T22:42:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-06T19:42:20Z", "ms": 50355740385.97987 } }, "kaala": "day", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-06T05:17:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-06T02:17:34Z", "ms": 50293054324.76424 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-07T05:18:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-07T02:18:22Z", "ms": 50379502463.55283 } }, "covered_min": 643, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-07T05:18:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-07T02:18:22Z", "ms": 50379502463.55283 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-08T05:19:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-08T02:19:11Z", "ms": 50465950682.277885 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 1441, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 01:10 on Fri 6 Aug to 22:42 on Fri 6 Aug. Its second half begins at 11:59 on Fri 6 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-05T22:10:18Z → 1971-08-06T19:42:20Z · second half from 1971-08-06T08:59:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day runs from sunrise to the next sunrise: from 05:18 on the 6th, and from 05:18 on the 7th.", "fact": "day: sunrise-to-sunrise · sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "The second half of Pūrṇimā must be present during the day. It covers 643 of 1441 minutes on the 6th and 0 of 1441 on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23762 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rakṣā Bandhana, Mosul, 1971: Friday 6 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "raksha-bandhana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "day", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated", "half": "second" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rakṣā Bandhana (Rakhi) 1971 falls on Friday 6 August. The second half of Pūrṇimā runs from 11:59 on Fri 6 Aug to 22:42 on Fri 6 Aug and lies within that day, sunrise to sunrise.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/raksha-bandhana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/rishi-tarpana", "festival": "rishi-tarpana", "name": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-06", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36311, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-08-06T01:10:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-05T22:10:18Z", "ms": 50278217589.10625 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-06T22:42:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-06T19:42:20Z", "ms": 50355740385.97987 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 4, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-06T01:10:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-05T22:10:18Z", "ms": 50278217589.10625 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-06T22:42:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-06T19:42:20Z", "ms": 50355740385.97987 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-05T11:49:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-05T08:49:16Z", "ms": 50230155945.41314 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-05T12:37:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-05T09:37:16Z", "ms": 50233035945.41314 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-06T11:49:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-06T08:49:10Z", "ms": 50316549668.40135 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-06T12:37:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-06T09:37:10Z", "ms": 50319429668.40135 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 01:10 on Fri 6 Aug to 22:42 on Fri 6 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-05T22:10:18Z → 1971-08-06T19:42:20Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 5th, 11:49–12:37 on the 6th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 5th and 48 of 48 on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 36311 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa, Mosul, 1971: Friday 6 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-tarpana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rakhi purnima, Naroli purnima (Cocoanut day), Raksa Bandhana (in the second half of purnima), Rsi tarpana (madhyahna vyapini), Hayagriva utpatti, Jhulanayatra samapana" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-06", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ṛṣi Tarpaṇa 1971 falls on Friday 6 August. Pūrṇimā runs from 01:10 on Fri 6 Aug to 22:42 on Fri 6 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/rishi-tarpana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "festival": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "name": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-07", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1049, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 16, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-08-07T19:53:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-07T16:53:15Z", "ms": 50431995031.157364 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-08T16:51:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-08T13:51:11Z", "ms": 50507470570.82049 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-07T19:53:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-07T16:53:15Z", "ms": 50431995031.157364 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-08T16:51:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-08T13:51:11Z", "ms": 50507470570.82049 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-07T19:35:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-07T16:35:46Z", "ms": 50430946483.91011 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-07T19:35:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-07T16:35:46Z", "ms": 50430946483.91011 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-08T20:06:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-08T17:06:22Z", "ms": 50519182426.72192 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-08T20:06:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-08T17:06:22Z", "ms": 50519182426.72192 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 19:53 on Sat 7 Aug to 16:51 on Sun 8 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-07T16:53:15Z → 1971-08-08T13:51:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:36 on the 7th and 20:06 on the 8th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 1049 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aśūnya Śayana Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 7 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ashunya-shayana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 2 Asunyasayana vrata (Dvitiya current at moonrise; if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-07", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-07", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aśūnya Śayana Vrata 1971 falls on Saturday 7 August. Dvitīyā runs from 19:53 on Sat 7 Aug to 16:51 on Sun 8 Aug, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ashunya-shayana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/kajjali-tritiya", "festival": "kajjali-tritiya", "name": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā", "everyday": "Kajari Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 4048, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 17, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-08-08T16:51:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-08T13:51:11Z", "ms": 50507470570.82049 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-09T13:44:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T10:44:15Z", "ms": 50582654824.638115 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-08T16:51:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-08T13:51:11Z", "ms": 50507470570.82049 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-09T13:44:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T10:44:15Z", "ms": 50582654824.638115 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-08T11:48:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-08T08:48:55Z", "ms": 50489335348.65224 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-08T12:36:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-08T09:36:55Z", "ms": 50492215348.65224 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-09T11:48:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T08:48:47Z", "ms": 50575727323.92794 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-09T12:36:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T09:36:47Z", "ms": 50578607323.92794 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 16:51 on Sun 8 Aug to 13:44 on Mon 9 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-08T13:51:11Z → 1971-08-09T10:44:15Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:49–12:37 on the 8th, 11:49–12:37 on the 9th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 8th and 48 of 48 on the 9th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 4048 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kajjalī Tṛtīyā, Mosul, 1971: Monday 9 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kajjali-tritiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 3 Kajjali trtiya, (paraviddha), Angaveta trtiya (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kajjalī Tṛtīyā (Kajari Teej) 1971 falls on Monday 9 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 16:51 on Sun 8 Aug to 13:44 on Mon 9 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/kajjali-tritiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/bahula-chaturthi", "festival": "bahula-chaturthi", "name": "Bahulā Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9374, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-09T13:44:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T10:44:15Z", "ms": 50582654824.638115 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-10T10:40:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-10T07:40:16Z", "ms": 50658015501.56183 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-09T13:44:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T10:44:15Z", "ms": 50582654824.638115 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-10T10:40:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-10T07:40:16Z", "ms": 50658015501.56183 } }, "kaala": "sayahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-09T16:20:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T13:20:28Z", "ms": 50592028335.97628 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-09T19:05:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T16:05:36Z", "ms": 50601935677.341835 } }, "covered_min": 165, "window_min": 165, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-10T16:19:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-10T13:19:46Z", "ms": 50678385585.88598 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-10T19:04:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-10T16:04:30Z", "ms": 50688270152.686966 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 165, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:44 on Mon 9 Aug to 10:40 on Tue 10 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-09T10:44:15Z → 1971-08-10T07:40:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sāyāhna is last 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 16:20–19:06 on the 9th, 16:20–19:05 on the 10th.", "fact": "sayahna: day-muhurta-13-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during sāyāhna. It covers 165 of 165 minutes on the 9th and 0 of 165 on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one late afternoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 9374 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bahulā Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 9 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bahula-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Bahula caturthi (Madhyadesa) (Sayahnavyapini: if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the 1st day)." } ], "kaala": "sayahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bahulā Caturthī 1971 falls on Monday 9 August. Caturthī runs from 13:44 on Mon 9 Aug to 10:40 on Tue 10 Aug and covers all of sāyāhna that late afternoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/bahula-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-08-09", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24680, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-09T13:44:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T10:44:15Z", "ms": 50582654824.638115 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-10T10:40:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-10T07:40:16Z", "ms": 50658015501.56183 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-09T13:44:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T10:44:15Z", "ms": 50582654824.638115 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-10T10:40:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-10T07:40:16Z", "ms": 50658015501.56183 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-09T20:35:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T17:35:35Z", "ms": 50607335027.33631 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-09T20:35:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-09T17:35:35Z", "ms": 50607335027.33631 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-10T21:05:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-10T18:05:07Z", "ms": 50695506541.701035 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-10T21:05:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-10T18:05:07Z", "ms": 50695506541.701035 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 13:44 on Mon 9 Aug to 10:40 on Tue 10 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-09T10:44:15Z → 1971-08-10T07:40:16Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:36 on the 9th and 21:05 on the 10th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 24680 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 9 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Monday 9 August. Caturthī runs from 13:44 on Mon 9 Aug to 10:40 on Tue 10 Aug and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-08-09", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/hala-shashthi", "festival": "hala-shashthi", "name": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14525, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-11T07:46:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-11T04:46:24Z", "ms": 50733984152.38472 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-12T05:09:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T02:09:02Z", "ms": 50810941686.44503 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-11T07:46:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-11T04:46:24Z", "ms": 50733984152.38472 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-12T05:09:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T02:09:02Z", "ms": 50810941686.44503 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-11T11:48:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-11T08:48:30Z", "ms": 50748509593.81972 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-11T12:36:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-11T09:36:30Z", "ms": 50751389593.81972 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-12T11:48:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T08:48:20Z", "ms": 50834899907.83748 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-12T12:36:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T09:36:20Z", "ms": 50837779907.83748 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:46 on Wed 11 Aug to 05:09 on Thu 12 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-11T04:46:24Z → 1971-08-12T02:09:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:48–12:36 on the 11th, 11:48–12:36 on the 12th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 48 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 14525 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Hala Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 11 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "hala-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Hala sasthi (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Hala Ṣaṣṭhī 1971 falls on Wednesday 11 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 07:46 on Wed 11 Aug to 05:09 on Thu 12 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/hala-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shitala-saptami", "festival": "shitala-saptami", "name": "Śītalā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-12", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23958, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 21, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-12T05:09:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T02:09:02Z", "ms": 50810941686.44503 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-13T02:53:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T23:53:25Z", "ms": 50889205495.87865 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-12T05:09:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T02:09:02Z", "ms": 50810941686.44503 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-13T02:53:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T23:53:25Z", "ms": 50889205495.87865 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-12T11:48:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T08:48:20Z", "ms": 50834899907.83748 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-12T12:36:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T09:36:20Z", "ms": 50837779907.83748 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-13T11:48:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-13T08:48:10Z", "ms": 50921289686.61158 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-13T12:36:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-13T09:36:10Z", "ms": 50924169686.61158 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 05:09 on Thu 12 Aug to 02:53 on Fri 13 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-12T02:09:02Z → 1971-08-12T23:53:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:48–12:36 on the 12th, 11:48–12:36 on the 13th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 0 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 23958 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śītalā Saptamī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 12 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shitala-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 7 Sitala saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-12", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śītalā Saptamī 1971 falls on Thursday 12 August. Saptamī runs from 05:09 on Thu 12 Aug to 02:53 on Fri 13 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shitala-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/janmashtami", "festival": "janmashtami", "name": "Janmāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1626, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-13T02:53:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T23:53:25Z", "ms": 50889205495.87865 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-14T01:03:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-13T22:03:40Z", "ms": 50969019505.93109 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-13T02:53:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T23:53:25Z", "ms": 50889205495.87865 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-14T01:03:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-13T22:03:40Z", "ms": 50969019505.93109 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-12T23:48:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T20:48:44Z", "ms": 50878124141.64509 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-13T00:36:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-12T21:36:44Z", "ms": 50881004141.64509 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-13T23:48:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-13T20:48:34Z", "ms": 50964513928.85459 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-14T00:36:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-13T21:36:34Z", "ms": 50967393928.85459 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 02:53 on Fri 13 Aug to 01:04 on Sat 14 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-12T23:53:25Z → 1971-08-13T22:03:40Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:49–00:37 on the 12th, 23:49–00:37 on the 13th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 12th and 48 of 48 on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 1626 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Janmāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1971: Friday 13 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "janmashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Janmastami (madhyaratra-vyapini), if midnight is covered on two days, or not on any day, it is to be observed on the 2nd day; special when combined with naksatra 'Rohini' at midnight, more so when on Monday or Wednesday. If the combination occurs before midnight and 'Rohini' extends up to midnight, it is to be observed on that day. Gokulastami." } ], "not_evaluated": "The clauses on Rohiṇī nakṣatra, the Vaiṣṇava observance on the day after saptamī, and the Assam and South India reckoning in the solar month belong to other readings and are not applied.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Janmāṣṭamī 1971 falls on Friday 13 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 02:53 on Fri 13 Aug to 01:04 on Sat 14 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/janmashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-08-16", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ajā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23654, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-15T22:51:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-15T19:51:24Z", "ms": 51133883716.89145 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-16T22:30:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-16T19:30:45Z", "ms": 51219044620.2682 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-15T22:51:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-15T19:51:24Z", "ms": 51133883716.89145 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-16T22:30:45+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-16T19:30:45Z", "ms": 51219044620.2682 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-16T05:25:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-16T02:25:38Z", "ms": 51157538076.43934 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-16T05:25:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-16T02:25:38Z", "ms": 51157538076.43934 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-17T05:26:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-17T02:26:27Z", "ms": 51243986534.593315 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-17T05:26:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-17T02:26:27Z", "ms": 51243986534.593315 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 22:51 on Sun 15 Aug to 22:31 on Mon 16 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-15T19:51:24Z → 1971-08-16T19:30:45Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:26 on the 16th and 05:26 on the 17th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 16th and is not on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 23654 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ajā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 16 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ajā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Monday 16 August. Ekādaśī runs from 22:51 on Sun 15 Aug to 22:31 on Mon 16 Aug and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-08-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-08-18", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8373, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-17T22:40:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-17T19:40:01Z", "ms": 51306000522.715485 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-18T23:18:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T20:18:02Z", "ms": 51394681826.006996 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-17T22:40:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-17T19:40:01Z", "ms": 51306000522.715485 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-18T23:18:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T20:18:02Z", "ms": 51394681826.006996 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-17T18:56:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-17T15:56:21Z", "ms": 51292580676.91386 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-17T20:20:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-17T17:20:28Z", "ms": 51297627914.47571 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-18T18:55:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T15:55:07Z", "ms": 51378906686.93177 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-18T20:19:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T17:19:30Z", "ms": 51383970240.24485 } }, "covered_min": 84, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:40 on Tue 17 Aug to 23:18 on Wed 18 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-17T19:40:01Z → 1971-08-18T20:18:02Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:56–20:20 on the 17th, 18:55–20:20 on the 18th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 84 minutes on the 17th and 84 of 84 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 8373 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 18 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Wednesday 18 August. Trayodaśī runs from 22:40 on Tue 17 Aug to 23:18 on Wed 18 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-08-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-08-18", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-18", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 731, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-18T23:18:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T20:18:02Z", "ms": 51394681826.006996 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-20T00:23:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-19T21:23:11Z", "ms": 51484990618.39754 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-18T23:18:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T20:18:02Z", "ms": 51394681826.006996 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-20T00:23:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-19T21:23:11Z", "ms": 51484990618.39754 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-18T23:47:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T20:47:35Z", "ms": 51396455011.85582 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-19T00:35:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T21:35:35Z", "ms": 51399335011.85582 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-19T23:47:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-19T20:47:22Z", "ms": 51482841709.887375 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-20T00:35:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-19T21:35:22Z", "ms": 51485721709.887375 } }, "covered_min": 36, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:18 on Wed 18 Aug to 00:23 on Fri 20 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-18T20:18:02Z → 1971-08-19T21:23:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:48–00:36 on the 18th, 23:47–00:35 on the 19th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 18th and 36 of 48 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both nights qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 731 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 18 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-18", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-18", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Wednesday 18 August. Caturdaśī runs from 23:18 on Wed 18 Aug to 00:23 on Fri 20 Aug and covers all of niśītha that night. It also reaches the next night for 36 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-08-18", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/aghora-chaturdashi", "festival": "aghora-chaturdashi", "name": "Aghora Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10712, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-18T23:18:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T20:18:02Z", "ms": 51394681826.006996 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-20T00:23:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-19T21:23:11Z", "ms": 51484990618.39754 }, "month": { "amanta": 4, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Śrāvaṇa", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-18T23:18:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T20:18:02Z", "ms": 51394681826.006996 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-20T00:23:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-19T21:23:11Z", "ms": 51484990618.39754 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-18T18:55:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T15:55:07Z", "ms": 51378906686.93177 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-18T20:19:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-18T17:19:30Z", "ms": 51383970240.24485 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 84, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-19T18:53:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-19T15:53:52Z", "ms": 51465231761.59642 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-19T20:18:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-19T17:18:32Z", "ms": 51470311747.80734 } }, "covered_min": 85, "window_min": 85, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 23:18 on Wed 18 Aug to 00:23 on Fri 20 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-18T20:18:02Z → 1971-08-19T21:23:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:55–20:20 on the 18th, 18:54–20:19 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 84 minutes on the 18th and 85 of 85 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10712 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Aghora Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 19 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "aghora-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Aghora caturdasi (pradosa vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Aghora Caturdaśī 1971 falls on Thursday 19 August. Caturdaśī runs from 23:18 on Wed 18 Aug to 00:23 on Fri 20 Aug and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/aghora-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/rudra-vrata", "festival": "rudra-vrata", "name": "Rudra Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28831, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1971-08-21T01:53:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-20T22:53:20Z", "ms": 51576800467.68603 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-22T03:45:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-22T00:45:44Z", "ms": 51669943794.75523 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-21T01:53:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-20T22:53:20Z", "ms": 51576800467.68603 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-22T03:45:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-22T00:45:44Z", "ms": 51669943794.75523 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-21T11:46:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-21T08:46:30Z", "ms": 51612389561.77478 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-21T12:34:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-21T09:34:30Z", "ms": 51615269561.77478 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-22T11:46:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-22T08:46:15Z", "ms": 51698774865.2368 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-22T12:34:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-22T09:34:15Z", "ms": 51701654865.2368 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 01:53 on Sat 21 Aug to 03:46 on Sun 22 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-20T22:53:20Z → 1971-08-22T00:45:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 21st, 11:46–12:34 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 28831 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rudra Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 21 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rudra-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Rudra vrata (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rudra Vrata 1971 falls on Saturday 21 August. Pratipadā runs from 01:53 on Sat 21 Aug to 03:46 on Sun 22 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/rudra-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/haritalika-vrata", "festival": "haritalika-vrata", "name": "Haritālikā Vrata", "everyday": "Hartalika Teej", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12333, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 2, "key": "tritiya", "name": "Tṛtīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-08-23T05:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-23T02:56:29Z", "ms": 51764188591.2712 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-24T08:20:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-24T05:20:11Z", "ms": 51859211088.3871 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-23T05:56:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-23T02:56:29Z", "ms": 51764188591.2712 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-24T08:20:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-24T05:20:11Z", "ms": 51859211088.3871 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-23T11:46:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-23T08:46:00Z", "ms": 51785159712.81839 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-23T12:34:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-23T09:34:00Z", "ms": 51788039712.81839 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-24T11:45:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-24T08:45:44Z", "ms": 51871544114.95444 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-24T12:33:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-24T09:33:44Z", "ms": 51874424114.95444 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Tṛtīyā runs from 05:56 on Mon 23 Aug to 08:20 on Tue 24 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-23T02:56:29Z → 1971-08-24T05:20:11Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 23rd, 11:46–12:34 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Tṛtīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 12333 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Haritālikā Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Monday 23 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "haritalika-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 3 Haritalika vrata (paraviddha), Gauri vrata (Orissa), Gauri (Mysore)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Haritālikā Vrata (Hartalika Teej) 1971 falls on Monday 23 August. Tṛtīyā runs from 05:56 on Mon 23 Aug to 08:20 on Tue 24 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/haritalika-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ganesha-chaturthi", "festival": "ganesha-chaturthi", "name": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3353, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-24T08:20:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-24T05:20:11Z", "ms": 51859211088.3871 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-25T10:49:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-25T07:49:35Z", "ms": 51954575452.56325 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-24T08:20:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-24T05:20:11Z", "ms": 51859211088.3871 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-25T10:49:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-25T07:49:35Z", "ms": 51954575452.56325 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-24T11:45:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-24T08:45:44Z", "ms": 51871544114.95444 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-24T12:33:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-24T09:33:44Z", "ms": 51874424114.95444 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-25T11:45:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-25T08:45:28Z", "ms": 51957928082.8421 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-25T12:33:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-25T09:33:28Z", "ms": 51960808082.8421 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:20 on Tue 24 Aug to 10:50 on Wed 25 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-24T05:20:11Z → 1971-08-25T07:49:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:46–12:34 on the 24th, 11:45–12:33 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3353 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gaṇeśa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 24 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ganesha-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Varada caturthi (purvaviddha, madhyahnavyapini), Samvatsari parva (Jain-caturthi paksa), Saubhagya caturthi (Bengal), Ganesa caturthi (madhyahna vyapini and purvaviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-24", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gaṇeśa Caturthī 1971 falls on Tuesday 24 August. Caturthī runs from 08:20 on Tue 24 Aug to 10:50 on Wed 25 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ganesha-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/rishi-panchami", "festival": "rishi-panchami", "name": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-25", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-disputed" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2542, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-25T10:49:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-25T07:49:35Z", "ms": 51954575452.56325 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-26T13:15:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-26T10:15:34Z", "ms": 52049733696.818375 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-25T10:49:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-25T07:49:35Z", "ms": 51954575452.56325 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-26T13:15:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-26T10:15:34Z", "ms": 52049733696.818375 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-25T11:45:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-25T08:45:28Z", "ms": 51957928082.8421 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-25T12:33:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-25T09:33:28Z", "ms": 51960808082.8421 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-26T11:45:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-26T08:45:12Z", "ms": 52044311628.438774 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-26T12:33:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-26T09:33:12Z", "ms": 52047191628.438774 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 10:50 on Wed 25 Aug to 13:16 on Thu 26 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-25T07:49:35Z → 1971-08-26T10:15:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 25th, 11:45–12:33 on the 26th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 25th and 48 of 48 on the 26th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify and the cited authorities disagree. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: disputed → greater-coverage · margin 2542 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 25 August.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-disputed)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rishi-panchami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "disputed", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-25", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-25", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1971 falls on Wednesday 25 August. Pañcamī runs from 10:50 on Wed 25 Aug to 13:16 on Thu 26 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/rishi-panchami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "festival": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2542, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-26T13:15:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-26T10:15:34Z", "ms": 52049733696.818375 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-27T15:27:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-27T12:27:36Z", "ms": 52144056057.19537 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-26T13:15:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-26T10:15:34Z", "ms": 52049733696.818375 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-27T15:27:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-27T12:27:36Z", "ms": 52144056057.19537 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-26T11:45:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-26T08:45:12Z", "ms": 52044311628.438774 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-26T12:33:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-26T09:33:12Z", "ms": 52047191628.438774 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-27T11:44:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-27T08:44:55Z", "ms": 52130694764.45096 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-27T12:32:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-27T09:32:55Z", "ms": 52133574764.45096 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:16 on Thu 26 Aug to 15:28 on Fri 27 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-26T10:15:34Z → 1971-08-27T12:27:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 26th, 11:45–12:33 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 2542 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada), Mosul, 1971: Friday 27 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Surya sasthi (paraviddha), Lolarka sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Bhādrapada) 1971 falls on Friday 27 August. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 13:16 on Thu 26 Aug to 15:28 on Fri 27 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/surya-shashthi-bhadrapada", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/muktabharana-vrata", "festival": "muktabharana-vrata", "name": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10481, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-27T15:27:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-27T12:27:36Z", "ms": 52144056057.19537 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-28T17:14:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-28T14:14:53Z", "ms": 52236892662.07456 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-27T15:27:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-27T12:27:36Z", "ms": 52144056057.19537 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-28T17:14:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-28T14:14:53Z", "ms": 52236892662.07456 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-27T11:44:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-27T08:44:55Z", "ms": 52130694764.45096 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-27T12:32:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-27T09:32:55Z", "ms": 52133574764.45096 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-28T11:44:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-28T08:44:38Z", "ms": 52217077504.32634 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-28T12:32:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-28T09:32:38Z", "ms": 52219957504.32634 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 15:28 on Fri 27 Aug to 17:15 on Sat 28 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-27T12:27:36Z → 1971-08-28T14:14:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 27th, 11:45–12:33 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 10481 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Muktābharaṇa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 28 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "muktabharana-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Muktabharana vrata (purvaviddha), Lalita saptami (Bengal & Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Muktābharaṇa Vrata 1971 falls on Saturday 28 August. Saptamī runs from 15:28 on Fri 27 Aug to 17:15 on Sat 28 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/muktabharana-vrata", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/radhashtami", "festival": "radhashtami", "name": "Rādhāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-08-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16935, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-28T17:14:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-28T14:14:53Z", "ms": 52236892662.07456 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-29T18:27:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-29T15:27:34Z", "ms": 52327654198.55685 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-28T17:14:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-28T14:14:53Z", "ms": 52236892662.07456 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-29T18:27:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-29T15:27:34Z", "ms": 52327654198.55685 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-08-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-28T11:44:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-28T08:44:38Z", "ms": 52217077504.32634 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-28T12:32:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-28T09:32:38Z", "ms": 52219957504.32634 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-08-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-08-29T11:44:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-29T08:44:20Z", "ms": 52303459862.26204 }, "end": { "local": "1971-08-29T12:32:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-29T09:32:20Z", "ms": 52306339862.26204 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 17:15 on Sat 28 Aug to 18:28 on Sun 29 Aug.", "fact": "1971-08-28T14:14:53Z → 1971-08-29T15:27:34Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:45–12:33 on the 28th, 11:44–12:32 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16935 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rādhāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 29 August.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "radhashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Durvastami (purvaviddha — S 8 of saura Bhadra except Bengal), Mahalaksmi vratarambha, Radhastami (madhyahna vyapini)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-08-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rādhāṣṭamī 1971 falls on Sunday 29 August. Aṣṭamī runs from 17:15 on Sat 28 Aug to 18:28 on Sun 29 Aug and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/radhashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-09-01", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 39364, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-08-31T18:42:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-31T15:42:20Z", "ms": 52501340268.58911 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-01T17:39:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-01T14:39:18Z", "ms": 52583958029.75234 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-08-31T18:42:20+03:00", "utc": "1971-08-31T15:42:20Z", "ms": 52501340268.58911 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-01T17:39:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-01T14:39:18Z", "ms": 52583958029.75234 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-01T05:38:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-01T02:38:25Z", "ms": 52540704704.10243 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-01T05:38:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-01T02:38:25Z", "ms": 52540704704.10243 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-02T05:39:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T02:39:12Z", "ms": 52627151831.42554 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-02T05:39:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T02:39:12Z", "ms": 52627151831.42554 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 18:42 on Tue 31 Aug to 17:39 on Wed 1 Sep.", "fact": "1971-08-31T15:42:20Z → 1971-09-01T14:39:18Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:38 on the 1st and 05:39 on the 2nd.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 1st and is not on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 39364 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Parivartanī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 1 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Parivartanī Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Wednesday 1 September. Ekādaśī runs from 18:42 on Tue 31 Aug to 17:39 on Wed 1 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-09-01", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vamana-jayanti", "festival": "vamana-jayanti", "name": "Vāmana Jayantī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12028, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-01T17:39:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-01T14:39:18Z", "ms": 52583958029.75234 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-02T15:51:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T12:51:33Z", "ms": 52663893392.52636 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-01T17:39:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-01T14:39:18Z", "ms": 52583958029.75234 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-02T15:51:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T12:51:33Z", "ms": 52663893392.52636 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-01T11:43:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-01T08:43:25Z", "ms": 52562604798.7049 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-01T12:31:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-01T09:31:25Z", "ms": 52565484798.7049 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-02T11:43:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T08:43:06Z", "ms": 52648985787.85791 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-02T12:31:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T09:31:06Z", "ms": 52651865787.85791 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 17:39 on Wed 1 Sep to 15:52 on Thu 2 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-01T14:39:18Z → 1971-09-02T12:51:33Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:43–12:31 on the 1st, 11:43–12:31 on the 2nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12028 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vāmana Jayantī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vamana-jayanti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Visnuparivartanotsava, Sakrotthana (in any of the naksatras U. Asadha, Sravana & Dhanistha), Kalki dvadasi, Sravana dvadasi (when combined with naksatra Sravana), Vamana jayanti (madhyahna vyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vāmana Jayantī 1971 falls on Thursday 2 September. Dvādaśī runs from 17:39 on Wed 1 Sep to 15:52 on Thu 2 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vamana-jayanti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-09-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9806, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-02T15:51:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T12:51:33Z", "ms": 52663893392.52636 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-03T13:24:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-03T10:24:22Z", "ms": 52741461912.666374 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-02T15:51:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T12:51:33Z", "ms": 52663893392.52636 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-03T13:24:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-03T10:24:22Z", "ms": 52741461912.666374 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-02T18:35:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T15:35:00Z", "ms": 52673699744.290276 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-02T20:03:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-02T17:03:40Z", "ms": 52679019628.67504 } }, "covered_min": 89, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-03T18:33:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-03T15:33:34Z", "ms": 52760014082.06015 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-03T20:02:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-03T17:02:32Z", "ms": 52765351651.272606 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 89, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 15:52 on Thu 2 Sep to 13:24 on Fri 3 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-02T12:51:33Z → 1971-09-03T10:24:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:35–20:04 on the 2nd, 18:34–20:03 on the 3rd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 89 of 89 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 89 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9806 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 2 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Thursday 2 September. Trayodaśī runs from 15:52 on Thu 2 Sep to 13:24 on Fri 3 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-09-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ananta-chaturdashi", "festival": "ananta-chaturdashi", "name": "Ananta Caturdaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-04", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7801, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 13, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-03T13:24:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-03T10:24:22Z", "ms": 52741461912.666374 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-04T10:25:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-04T07:25:04Z", "ms": 52817103674.43174 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 5, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Bhādrapada" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-03T13:24:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-03T10:24:22Z", "ms": 52741461912.666374 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-04T10:25:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-04T07:25:04Z", "ms": 52817103674.43174 } }, "kaala": "udaya-3", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-03T05:39:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-03T02:39:59Z", "ms": 52713598877.17601 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-03T08:14:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-03T05:14:42Z", "ms": 52722881918.15284 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 155, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-09-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-04T05:40:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-04T02:40:46Z", "ms": 52800045851.15355 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-04T08:15:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-04T05:15:02Z", "ms": 52809302268.388374 } }, "covered_min": 154, "window_min": 154, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:24 on Fri 3 Sep to 10:25 on Sat 4 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-03T10:24:22Z → 1971-09-04T07:25:04Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first three muhūrtas after sunrise is first 3 of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:40–08:15 on the 3rd, 05:41–08:15 on the 4th.", "fact": "udaya-3: day-muhurta-1-3 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must hold through the first three muhūrtas after sunrise. It covers 0 of 155 minutes on the 3rd and 154 of 154 on the 4th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7801 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ananta Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 4 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ananta-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 14 Ananta caturdasi (covering three muhurtas from sunrise, but one muhurta in Bengal)." } ], "not_evaluated": "In Bengal the row asks for one muhūrta from sunrise; that reading is not applied.", "kaala": "udaya-3", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-04", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ananta Caturdaśī 1971 falls on Saturday 4 September. Caturdaśī runs from 13:24 on Fri 3 Sep to 10:25 on Sat 4 Sep and covers all of the first three muhūrtas after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ananta-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-09-07", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-07", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "absent-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2197, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-07T20:12:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-07T17:12:16Z", "ms": 53111536016.57526 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-08T16:54:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-08T13:54:36Z", "ms": 53186076011.24647 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-07T20:12:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-07T17:12:16Z", "ms": 53111536016.57526 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-08T16:54:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-08T13:54:36Z", "ms": 53186076011.24647 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-07T19:35:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-07T16:35:39Z", "ms": 53109338651.97989 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-07T19:35:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-07T16:35:39Z", "ms": 53109338651.97989 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-09-08", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-08T20:10:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-08T17:10:39Z", "ms": 53197839436.66974 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-08T20:10:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-08T17:10:39Z", "ms": 53197839436.66974 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 20:12 on Tue 7 Sep to 16:55 on Wed 8 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-07T17:12:16Z → 1971-09-08T13:54:36Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:36 on the 7th and 20:11 on the 8th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 7th and is not on the 8th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither moonrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: unstated → tithi-day · margin 2197 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 7 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-07", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-07", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Tuesday 7 September. Caturthī runs from 20:12 on Tue 7 Sep to 16:55 on Wed 8 Sep, and is current at moonrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-09-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/chandra-shashthi", "festival": "chandra-shashthi", "name": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-09", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 24538, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 20, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-09T14:01:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-09T11:01:48Z", "ms": 53262107863.2428 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-10T11:41:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-10T08:41:22Z", "ms": 53340082089.16972 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-09T14:01:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-09T11:01:48Z", "ms": 53262107863.2428 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-10T11:41:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-10T08:41:22Z", "ms": 53340082089.16972 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-09", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-09T20:50:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-09T17:50:46Z", "ms": 53286645992.51649 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-09T20:50:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-09T17:50:46Z", "ms": 53286645992.51649 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-10T21:37:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-10T18:37:25Z", "ms": 53375845095.58399 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-10T21:37:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-10T18:37:25Z", "ms": 53375845095.58399 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:02 on Thu 9 Sep to 11:41 on Fri 10 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-09T11:01:48Z → 1971-09-10T08:41:22Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 20:51 on the 9th and 21:37 on the 10th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 9th and is not on the 10th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 24538 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Candra Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 9 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "chandra-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 6 Candra sasthi (Sasthi current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-09", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Candra Ṣaṣṭhī 1971 falls on Thursday 9 September. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 14:02 on Thu 9 Sep to 11:41 on Fri 10 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/chandra-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/jitashtami", "festival": "jitashtami", "name": "Jitāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Jitiya", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30177, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-11T09:58:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-11T06:58:57Z", "ms": 53420337330.088234 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-12T08:57:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-12T05:57:51Z", "ms": 53503070998.63686 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-11T09:58:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-11T06:58:57Z", "ms": 53420337330.088234 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-12T08:57:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-12T05:57:51Z", "ms": 53503070998.63686 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-11T18:21:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-11T15:21:54Z", "ms": 53450514011.561226 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-11T19:53:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-11T16:53:15Z", "ms": 53455994897.774124 } }, "covered_min": 91, "window_min": 91, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-12T18:20:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-12T15:20:25Z", "ms": 53536825116.34003 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-12T19:52:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-12T16:52:04Z", "ms": 53542324110.55895 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 92, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 09:59 on Sat 11 Sep to 08:58 on Sun 12 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-11T06:58:57Z → 1971-09-12T05:57:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:22–19:53 on the 11th, 18:20–19:52 on the 12th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 91 of 91 minutes on the 11th and 0 of 92 on the 12th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30177 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Jitāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "jitashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Jitāṣṭamī (Jitiya) 1971 falls on Saturday 11 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 09:59 on Sat 11 Sep to 08:58 on Sun 12 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/jitashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "festival": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "name": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-11", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 37608, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-11T09:58:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-11T06:58:57Z", "ms": 53420337330.088234 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-12T08:57:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-12T05:57:51Z", "ms": 53503070998.63686 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-11T09:58:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-11T06:58:57Z", "ms": 53420337330.088234 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-12T08:57:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-12T05:57:51Z", "ms": 53503070998.63686 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-10T21:37:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-10T18:37:25Z", "ms": 53375845095.58399 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-10T21:37:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-10T18:37:25Z", "ms": 53375845095.58399 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-09-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-11T22:31:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-11T19:31:03Z", "ms": 53465463476.46972 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-11T22:31:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-11T19:31:03Z", "ms": 53465463476.46972 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 09:59 on Sat 11 Sep to 08:58 on Sun 12 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-11T06:58:57Z → 1971-09-12T05:57:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 21:37 on the 10th and 22:31 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 10th and is on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 37608 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 11 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Mahalaksmi vrata samapana (current at moonrise), Jitastami (pradosa), Jimutavahana puja" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-11", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahālakṣmī Vrata Samāpana 1971 falls on Saturday 11 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 09:59 on Sat 11 Sep to 08:58 on Sun 12 Sep and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/mahalakshmi-vrata-samapana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-09-15", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Indirā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11453, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-14T08:59:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-14T05:59:28Z", "ms": 53675967608.2624 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-15T09:55:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-15T06:55:59Z", "ms": 53765758500.38912 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-14T08:59:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-14T05:59:28Z", "ms": 53675967608.2624 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-15T09:55:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-15T06:55:59Z", "ms": 53765758500.38912 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-14T05:48:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-14T02:48:35Z", "ms": 53664514533.929 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-14T05:48:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-14T02:48:35Z", "ms": 53664514533.929 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-09-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-15T05:49:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-15T02:49:22Z", "ms": 53750961548.51607 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-15T05:49:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-15T02:49:22Z", "ms": 53750961548.51607 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 08:59 on Tue 14 Sep to 09:56 on Wed 15 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-14T05:59:28Z → 1971-09-15T06:55:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 05:49 on the 14th and 05:49 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 14th and is on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11453 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Indirā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 15 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Indirā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Wednesday 15 September. Ekādaśī runs from 08:59 on Tue 14 Sep to 09:56 on Wed 15 Sep and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-09-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-09-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 17993, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-16T11:22:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-16T08:22:35Z", "ms": 53857355110.1722 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-17T13:13:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-17T10:13:05Z", "ms": 53950385331.88665 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-16T11:22:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-16T08:22:35Z", "ms": 53857355110.1722 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-17T13:13:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-17T10:13:05Z", "ms": 53950385331.88665 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-16T18:14:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-16T15:14:28Z", "ms": 53882067725.553986 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-16T19:47:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-16T16:47:19Z", "ms": 53887639464.501976 } }, "covered_min": 93, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-17T18:12:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-17T15:12:58Z", "ms": 53968378063.32327 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-17T19:46:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-17T16:46:08Z", "ms": 53973968053.21433 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 93, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:23 on Thu 16 Sep to 13:13 on Fri 17 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-16T08:22:35Z → 1971-09-17T10:13:05Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 18:14–19:47 on the 16th, 18:13–19:46 on the 17th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 93 of 93 minutes on the 16th and 0 of 93 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 17993 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 16 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Thursday 16 September. Trayodaśī runs from 11:23 on Thu 16 Sep to 13:13 on Fri 17 Sep and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-09-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-09-17", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29792, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-17T13:13:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-17T10:13:05Z", "ms": 53950385331.88665 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-18T15:21:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-18T12:21:28Z", "ms": 54044487520.014244 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-17T13:13:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-17T10:13:05Z", "ms": 53950385331.88665 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-18T15:21:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-18T12:21:28Z", "ms": 54044487520.014244 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-17T23:38:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-17T20:38:21Z", "ms": 53987900525.41475 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-18T00:26:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-17T21:26:21Z", "ms": 53990780525.41475 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-18T23:37:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-18T20:37:59Z", "ms": 54074279310.13539 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-19T00:25:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-18T21:25:59Z", "ms": 54077159310.13539 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 13:13 on Fri 17 Sep to 15:21 on Sat 18 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-17T10:13:05Z → 1971-09-18T12:21:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:38–00:26 on the 17th, 23:38–00:26 on the 18th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 0 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29792 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Friday 17 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Friday 17 September. Caturdaśī runs from 13:13 on Fri 17 Sep to 15:21 on Sat 18 Sep and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-09-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/mahalaya-amavasya", "festival": "mahalaya-amavasya", "name": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā", "everyday": "Sarvapitṛ Amāvāsyā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-19", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 1324, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1971-09-18T15:21:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-18T12:21:28Z", "ms": 54044487520.014244 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-19T17:42:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-19T14:42:12Z", "ms": 54139332478.240746 }, "month": { "amanta": 5, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Bhādrapada", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-18T15:21:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-18T12:21:28Z", "ms": 54044487520.014244 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-19T17:42:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-19T14:42:12Z", "ms": 54139332478.240746 } }, "kaala": "aparahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-18T13:15:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-18T10:15:34Z", "ms": 54036934192.74248 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-18T15:43:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-18T12:43:31Z", "ms": 54045811261.154564 } }, "covered_min": 22, "window_min": 148, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-19T13:14:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-19T10:14:59Z", "ms": 54123299246.95822 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-19T15:42:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-19T12:42:29Z", "ms": 54132148899.042915 } }, "covered_min": 147, "window_min": 147, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 15:21 on Sat 18 Sep to 17:42 on Sun 19 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-18T12:21:28Z → 1971-09-19T14:42:12Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aparāhṇa is 10th to 12th of 15 day muhūrtas: 13:16–15:44 on the 18th, 13:15–15:42 on the 19th.", "fact": "aparahna: day-muhurta-10-12 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during aparāhṇa. It covers 22 of 148 minutes on the 18th and 147 of 147 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both afternoons qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 1324 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahālaya Amāvāsyā, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 19 September.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahalaya-amavasya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 103", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Mahalaya amavasya (aparahnavyapini)" } ], "not_evaluated": "The note on p. 106 gives the first day in a decreasing tithimāna and the second in an increasing one, when amāvāsyā covers the whole of aparāhṇa on both days; tithimāna is not computed.", "kaala": "aparahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-19", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-19", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahālaya Amāvāsyā 1971 falls on Sunday 19 September. Amāvasyā runs from 15:21 on Sat 18 Sep to 17:42 on Sun 19 Sep and covers all of aparāhṇa that afternoon. It also reaches the previous afternoon for 22 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/mahalaya-amavasya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/navaratra-arambha", "festival": "navaratra-arambha", "name": "Navarātrārambha", "everyday": "Navratri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 19018, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1971-09-19T17:42:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-19T14:42:12Z", "ms": 54139332478.240746 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-20T20:10:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-20T17:10:19Z", "ms": 54234619211.56535 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-19T17:42:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-19T14:42:12Z", "ms": 54139332478.240746 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-20T20:10:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-20T17:10:19Z", "ms": 54234619211.56535 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-19T11:37:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-19T08:37:14Z", "ms": 54117434420.91587 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-19T12:25:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-19T09:25:14Z", "ms": 54120314420.91587 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-09-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-20T11:36:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-20T08:36:53Z", "ms": 54203813219.88604 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-20T12:24:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-20T09:24:53Z", "ms": 54206693219.88604 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 17:42 on Sun 19 Sep to 20:10 on Mon 20 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-19T14:42:12Z → 1971-09-20T17:10:19Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:37–12:25 on the 19th, 11:37–12:25 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 19018 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Navarātrārambha, Mosul, 1971: Monday 20 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "navaratra-arambha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Navaratrarambha (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Navarātrārambha (Navratri) 1971 falls on Monday 20 September. Pratipadā runs from 17:42 on Sun 19 Sep to 20:10 on Mon 20 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/navaratra-arambha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-09-23", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29371, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-23T01:08:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-22T22:08:13Z", "ms": 54425292827.84977 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-24T03:25:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-24T00:25:58Z", "ms": 54519958280.544 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-23T01:08:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-22T22:08:13Z", "ms": 54425292827.84977 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-24T03:25:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-24T00:25:58Z", "ms": 54519958280.544 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-23T11:35:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-23T08:35:50Z", "ms": 54462950010.80511 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-23T12:23:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-23T09:23:50Z", "ms": 54465830010.80511 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-24T11:35:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-24T08:35:29Z", "ms": 54549329131.51453 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-24T12:23:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-24T09:23:29Z", "ms": 54552209131.51453 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 01:08 on Thu 23 Sep to 03:26 on Fri 24 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-22T22:08:13Z → 1971-09-24T00:25:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:36–12:24 on the 23rd, 11:35–12:23 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29371 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 23 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Thursday 23 September. Caturthī runs from 01:08 on Thu 23 Sep to 03:26 on Fri 24 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-09-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/durga-saptami", "festival": "durga-saptami", "name": "Durgā Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 902, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-26T07:01:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-26T04:01:12Z", "ms": 54705672083.38106 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-27T08:01:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-27T05:01:58Z", "ms": 54795717663.584145 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-26T07:01:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-26T04:01:12Z", "ms": 54705672083.38106 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-27T08:01:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-27T05:01:58Z", "ms": 54795717663.584145 } }, "kaala": "udaya-1", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-26T05:58:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-26T02:58:04Z", "ms": 54701884418.00349 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-26T06:46:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-26T03:46:10Z", "ms": 54704770197.911476 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-27T05:58:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-27T02:58:53Z", "ms": 54788332682.52895 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-27T06:46:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-27T03:46:49Z", "ms": 54791209300.815414 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 07:01 on Sun 26 Sep to 08:02 on Mon 27 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-26T04:01:12Z → 1971-09-27T05:01:58Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The first muhūrta after sunrise is 1st of 15 day muhūrtas: 05:58–06:46 on the 26th, 05:59–06:47 on the 27th.", "fact": "udaya-1: day-muhurta-1-1 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must hold through the first muhūrta after sunrise. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one morning qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 902 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Saptamī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Durga saptami (paraviddha) — covering one muhurta from sunrise" } ], "kaala": "udaya-1", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Durgā Saptamī 1971 falls on Monday 27 September. Saptamī runs from 07:01 on Sun 26 Sep to 08:02 on Mon 27 Sep and covers all of the first muhūrta after sunrise that morning.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/durga-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/mahashtami", "festival": "mahashtami", "name": "Mahāṣṭamī", "everyday": "Durga Ashtami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11546, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-27T08:01:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-27T05:01:58Z", "ms": 54795717663.584145 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-28T08:21:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-28T05:21:41Z", "ms": 54883301484.59449 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-27T08:01:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-27T05:01:58Z", "ms": 54795717663.584145 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-28T08:21:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-28T05:21:41Z", "ms": 54883301484.59449 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-27T11:34:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-27T08:34:27Z", "ms": 54808467319.67743 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-27T12:22:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-27T09:22:27Z", "ms": 54811347319.67743 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-28T11:34:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-28T08:34:07Z", "ms": 54894847053.844055 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-28T12:22:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-28T09:22:07Z", "ms": 54897727053.844055 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 08:02 on Mon 27 Sep to 08:22 on Tue 28 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-27T05:01:58Z → 1971-09-28T05:21:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:34–12:22 on the 27th, 11:34–12:22 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 0 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 11546 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 27 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 1971 falls on Monday 27 September. Aṣṭamī runs from 08:02 on Mon 27 Sep to 08:22 on Tue 28 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/mahashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/mahanavami", "festival": "mahanavami", "name": "Mahānavamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11546, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-28T08:21:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-28T05:21:41Z", "ms": 54883301484.59449 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-29T07:55:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-29T04:55:43Z", "ms": 54968143423.9938 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-28T08:21:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-28T05:21:41Z", "ms": 54883301484.59449 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-29T07:55:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-29T04:55:43Z", "ms": 54968143423.9938 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-28T11:34:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-28T08:34:07Z", "ms": 54894847053.844055 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-28T12:22:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-28T09:22:07Z", "ms": 54897727053.844055 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-29T11:33:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-29T08:33:47Z", "ms": 54981226989.57726 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-29T12:21:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-29T09:21:47Z", "ms": 54984106989.57726 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 08:22 on Tue 28 Sep to 07:56 on Wed 29 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-28T05:21:41Z → 1971-09-29T04:55:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:34–12:22 on the 28th, 11:34–12:22 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 0 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 11546 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mahānavamī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 28 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mahanavami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Mahanavami (purvaviddha) (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha covering one muhurta from sunrise)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mahānavamī 1971 falls on Tuesday 28 September. Navamī runs from 08:22 on Tue 28 Sep to 07:56 on Wed 29 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/mahanavami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vijaya-dashami", "festival": "vijaya-dashami", "name": "Vijayā Daśamī", "everyday": "Dussehra", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2469, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 9, "key": "dashami", "name": "Daśamī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-29T07:55:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-29T04:55:43Z", "ms": 54968143423.9938 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-30T06:42:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-30T03:42:28Z", "ms": 55050147622.33362 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "conjunction", "start": { "local": "1971-09-30T01:43:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-29T22:43:16Z", "ms": 55032196312.95465 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-30T06:42:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-30T03:42:28Z", "ms": 55050147622.33362 }, "nakshatra": { "type": "nakshatra", "index": 21, "key": "shravana", "name": "Śravaṇa", "start": { "local": "1971-09-30T01:43:16+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-29T22:43:16Z", "ms": 55032196312.95465 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-01T00:37:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-30T21:37:22Z", "ms": 55114641886.67335 } } }, "kaala": "daytime", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-29T06:00:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-29T03:00:30Z", "ms": 54961229704.69534 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-29T17:55:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-29T14:55:04Z", "ms": 55004104274.45918 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 715, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-30T06:01:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-30T03:01:18Z", "ms": 55047678483.960304 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-30T17:53:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-30T14:53:36Z", "ms": 55090415810.707054 } }, "covered_min": 41, "window_min": 712, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Daśamī runs from 07:56 on Wed 29 Sep to 06:42 on Thu 30 Sep, and Śravaṇa from 01:43 on Thu 30 Sep to 00:37 on Fri 1 Oct. They are together from 01:43 on Thu 30 Sep to 06:42 on Thu 30 Sep.", "fact": "1971-09-29T22:43:16Z → 1971-09-30T03:42:28Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "The day time is sunrise to sunset: 06:00–17:55 on the 29th, 06:01–17:54 on the 30th.", "fact": "daytime: sunrise-to-sunset · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Where Daśamī touches Śravaṇa in the day time, that day is taken. Together they cover 0 of 715 minutes on the 29th and 41 of 712 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one day qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 2469 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vijayā Daśamī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vijaya-dashami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 10 Vijaya dasami (In Bengal it is observed as paraviddha, covering one muhurta from sunrise. In other places, if it touches Sravana naksatra in the day time it is observed on that day), Sarasvati visarjana (to be observed in naksatra Sravana), Dasahara." } ], "not_evaluated": "The Bengal reading (paraviddha, one muhūrta from sunrise) is not applied.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day", "conjunction": { "nakshatra": "Śravaṇa", "kaala": "daytime" } }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vijayā Daśamī (Dussehra) 1971 falls on Thursday 30 September. Daśamī runs from 07:56 on Wed 29 Sep to 06:42 on Thu 30 Sep and is with Śravaṇa in the day time that day, for 41 minutes.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vijaya-dashami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-09-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-09-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 2469, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-09-30T06:42:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-30T03:42:28Z", "ms": 55050147622.33362 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-01T04:43:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-01T01:43:35Z", "ms": 55129414579.110985 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-09-30T06:42:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-30T03:42:28Z", "ms": 55050147622.33362 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-01T04:43:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-01T01:43:35Z", "ms": 55129414579.110985 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-09-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-09-30T06:01:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-30T03:01:18Z", "ms": 55047678483.960304 }, "end": { "local": "1971-09-30T06:01:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-09-30T03:01:18Z", "ms": 55047678483.960304 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-01T06:02:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-01T03:02:07Z", "ms": 55134127458.078575 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-01T06:02:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-01T03:02:07Z", "ms": 55134127458.078575 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "tithi-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 06:42 on Thu 30 Sep to 04:44 on Fri 1 Oct.", "fact": "1971-09-30T03:42:28Z → 1971-10-01T01:43:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:01 on the 30th and 06:02 on the 1st.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 30th and is not on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Neither sunrise qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → tithi-day · margin 2469 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 30 September.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-09-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Pāśāṅkuśā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Thursday 30 September. Ekādaśī runs from 06:42 on Thu 30 Sep to 04:44 on Fri 1 Oct, and is current at sunrise on neither day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-09-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-10-02", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 12109, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-02T02:03:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-01T23:03:46Z", "ms": 55206226079.3372 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-02T22:50:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-02T19:50:13Z", "ms": 55281013456.1195 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 6, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Āśvina" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-02T02:03:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-01T23:03:46Z", "ms": 55206226079.3372 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-02T22:50:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-02T19:50:13Z", "ms": 55281013456.1195 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-01T17:52:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-01T14:52:08Z", "ms": 55176727638.79762 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-01T19:29:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-01T16:29:34Z", "ms": 55182574172.40135 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 97, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-02T17:50:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-02T14:50:40Z", "ms": 55263039789.65781 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-02T19:28:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-02T16:28:25Z", "ms": 55268904624.053955 } }, "covered_min": 98, "window_min": 98, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 02:04 on Sat 2 Oct to 22:50 on Sat 2 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-01T23:03:46Z → 1971-10-02T19:50:13Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:52–19:30 on the 1st, 17:51–19:28 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 97 minutes on the 1st and 98 of 98 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 12109 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 2 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Saturday 2 October. Trayodaśī runs from 02:04 on Sat 2 Oct to 22:50 on Sat 2 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-10-02", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/karaka-chaturthi", "festival": "karaka-chaturthi", "name": "Karaka Caturthī", "everyday": "Karwa Chauth", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20380, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-07T04:07:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T01:07:38Z", "ms": 55645657836.12339 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-08T01:09:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T22:09:09Z", "ms": 55721349368.31705 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-07T04:07:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T01:07:38Z", "ms": 55645657836.12339 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-08T01:09:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T22:09:09Z", "ms": 55721349368.31705 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-06T18:44:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-06T15:44:01Z", "ms": 55611840692.59445 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-06T18:44:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-06T15:44:01Z", "ms": 55611840692.59445 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-07T19:29:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T16:29:29Z", "ms": 55700968875.43215 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-07T19:29:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T16:29:29Z", "ms": 55700968875.43215 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:08 on Thu 7 Oct to 01:09 on Fri 8 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-07T01:07:38Z → 1971-10-07T22:09:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:44 on the 6th and 19:29 on the 7th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 6th and is on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20380 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Karaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 7 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "karaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 4 Karaka caturthi (current at moon-rise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Karaka Caturthī (Karwa Chauth) 1971 falls on Thursday 7 October. Caturthī runs from 04:08 on Thu 7 Oct to 01:09 on Fri 8 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/karaka-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-10-07", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-07", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20380, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-07T04:07:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T01:07:38Z", "ms": 55645657836.12339 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-08T01:09:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T22:09:09Z", "ms": 55721349368.31705 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-07T04:07:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T01:07:38Z", "ms": 55645657836.12339 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-08T01:09:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T22:09:09Z", "ms": 55721349368.31705 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-06T18:44:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-06T15:44:01Z", "ms": 55611840692.59445 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-06T18:44:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-06T15:44:01Z", "ms": 55611840692.59445 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-07", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-07T19:29:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T16:29:29Z", "ms": 55700968875.43215 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-07T19:29:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-07T16:29:29Z", "ms": 55700968875.43215 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:08 on Thu 7 Oct to 01:09 on Fri 8 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-07T01:07:38Z → 1971-10-07T22:09:09Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:44 on the 6th and 19:29 on the 7th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 6th and is on the 7th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20380 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 7 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-07", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Thursday 7 October. Caturthī runs from 04:08 on Thu 7 Oct to 01:09 on Fri 8 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-10-07", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ahoyi-ashtami", "festival": "ahoyi-ashtami", "name": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-10", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 6777, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 22, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-10T20:32:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-10T17:32:15Z", "ms": 55963935287.27739 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-11T20:38:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-11T17:38:29Z", "ms": 56050708873.63004 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-10T20:32:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-10T17:32:15Z", "ms": 55963935287.27739 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-11T20:38:29+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-11T17:38:29Z", "ms": 56050708873.63004 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-10", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-10T22:25:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-10T19:25:12Z", "ms": 55970712185.82513 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-10T22:25:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-10T19:25:12Z", "ms": 55970712185.82513 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-10-11", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-11T23:29:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-11T20:29:41Z", "ms": 56060980597.10527 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-11T23:29:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-11T20:29:41Z", "ms": 56060980597.10527 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 20:32 on Sun 10 Oct to 20:38 on Mon 11 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-10T17:32:15Z → 1971-10-11T17:38:29Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 22:25 on the 10th and 23:30 on the 11th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 10th and is not on the 11th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 6777 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ahoyī Aṣṭamī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 10 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ahoyi-ashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 8 Ahoyi astami (Gujerat) (current at moonrise), Karastami (Maharashtra). If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day." } ], "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-10", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ahoyī Aṣṭamī 1971 falls on Sunday 10 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 20:32 on Sun 10 Oct to 20:38 on Mon 11 Oct and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ahoyi-ashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-10-14", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Ramā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-14", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18603, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-13T23:02:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-13T20:02:40Z", "ms": 56232159677.54776 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-15T01:03:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-14T22:03:59Z", "ms": 56325838706.85704 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-13T23:02:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-13T20:02:40Z", "ms": 56232159677.54776 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-15T01:03:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-14T22:03:59Z", "ms": 56325838706.85704 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-14T06:13:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-14T03:13:09Z", "ms": 56257988776.64104 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-14T06:13:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-14T03:13:09Z", "ms": 56257988776.64104 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-15T06:14:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-15T03:14:02Z", "ms": 56344441960.670525 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-15T06:14:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-15T03:14:02Z", "ms": 56344441960.670525 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 23:03 on Wed 13 Oct to 01:04 on Fri 15 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-13T20:02:40Z → 1971-10-14T22:03:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:13 on the 14th and 06:14 on the 15th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 14th and is not on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18603 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Ramā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 14 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-14", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Ramā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Thursday 14 October. Ekādaśī runs from 23:03 on Wed 13 Oct to 01:04 on Fri 15 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-10-14", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/govatsa-dvadashi", "festival": "govatsa-dvadashi", "name": "Govatsa Dvādaśī", "everyday": "Vasu Baras", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20934, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 26, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-15T01:03:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-14T22:03:59Z", "ms": 56325838706.85704 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-16T03:24:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T00:24:47Z", "ms": 56420687145.81909 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-15T01:03:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-14T22:03:59Z", "ms": 56325838706.85704 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-16T03:24:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T00:24:47Z", "ms": 56420687145.81909 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-14T17:33:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-14T14:33:43Z", "ms": 56298822535.5448 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-14T19:15:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-14T16:15:05Z", "ms": 56304905125.56156 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 101, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-15T17:32:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-15T14:32:22Z", "ms": 56385141820.79036 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-15T19:14:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-15T16:14:02Z", "ms": 56391242312.01358 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 01:04 on Fri 15 Oct to 03:25 on Sat 16 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-14T22:03:59Z → 1971-10-16T00:24:47Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:34–19:15 on the 14th, 17:32–19:14 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 101 minutes on the 14th and 102 of 102 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 20934 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govatsa Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Friday 15 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govatsa-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 12 Govatsa dvadasi (pradosa vyapini). If occurs on two days, it is to be observed on the first day." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Govatsa Dvādaśī (Vasu Baras) 1971 falls on Friday 15 October. Dvādaśī runs from 01:04 on Fri 15 Oct to 03:25 on Sat 16 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/govatsa-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/yama-dipadana", "festival": "yama-dipadana", "name": "Yama Dīpadāna", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29445, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-16T03:24:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T00:24:47Z", "ms": 56420687145.81909 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-17T05:55:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z", "ms": 56516140821.47957 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-16T03:24:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T00:24:47Z", "ms": 56420687145.81909 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-17T05:55:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z", "ms": 56516140821.47957 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-15T17:32:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-15T14:32:22Z", "ms": 56385141820.79036 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-15T19:14:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-15T16:14:02Z", "ms": 56391242312.01358 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-16T17:31:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T14:31:02Z", "ms": 56471461875.33926 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-16T19:13:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T16:13:00Z", "ms": 56477580213.36922 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:25 on Sat 16 Oct to 05:56 on Sun 17 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-16T00:24:47Z → 1971-10-17T02:55:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:32–19:14 on the 15th, 17:31–19:13 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 102 minutes on the 15th and 102 of 102 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29445 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dīpadāna, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 16 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dipadana", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 13 Yama dipadana (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yama Dīpadāna 1971 falls on Saturday 16 October. Trayodaśī runs from 03:25 on Sat 16 Oct to 05:56 on Sun 17 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/yama-dipadana", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-10-16", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29445, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-16T03:24:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T00:24:47Z", "ms": 56420687145.81909 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-17T05:55:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z", "ms": 56516140821.47957 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-16T03:24:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T00:24:47Z", "ms": 56420687145.81909 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-17T05:55:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z", "ms": 56516140821.47957 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-15T17:32:22+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-15T14:32:22Z", "ms": 56385141820.79036 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-15T19:14:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-15T16:14:02Z", "ms": 56391242312.01358 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-16T17:31:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T14:31:02Z", "ms": 56471461875.33926 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-16T19:13:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T16:13:00Z", "ms": 56477580213.36922 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 03:25 on Sat 16 Oct to 05:56 on Sun 17 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-16T00:24:47Z → 1971-10-17T02:55:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:32–19:14 on the 15th, 17:31–19:13 on the 16th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 102 minutes on the 15th and 102 of 102 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29445 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 16 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Saturday 16 October. Trayodaśī runs from 03:25 on Sat 16 Oct to 05:56 on Sun 17 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-10-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/naraka-chaturdashi", "festival": "naraka-chaturdashi", "name": "Naraka Caturdaśī", "everyday": "Choti Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1209, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-17T05:55:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z", "ms": 56516140821.47957 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-18T08:28:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z", "ms": 56611738606.689445 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-17T05:55:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z", "ms": 56516140821.47957 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-18T08:28:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z", "ms": 56611738606.689445 } }, "kaala": "arunodaya", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-17T04:33:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T01:33:51Z", "ms": 56511231072.53399 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-17T06:15:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T03:15:49Z", "ms": 56517349410.56395 } }, "covered_min": 20, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-18T04:34:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T01:34:28Z", "ms": 56597667551.061005 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-18T06:16:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T03:16:44Z", "ms": 56603803677.502235 } }, "covered_min": 102, "window_min": 102, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:56 on Sun 17 Oct to 08:29 on Mon 18 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z → 1971-10-18T05:28:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Aruṇodaya is 2 muhūrtas before sunrise: 04:34–06:16 on the 17th, 04:34–06:17 on the 18th.", "fact": "arunodaya: prev-night-muhurta-14-15 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during aruṇodaya. It covers 20 of 102 minutes on the 17th and 102 of 102 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both dawns qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1209 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Naraka Caturdaśī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naraka-chaturdashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 14 Naraka caturdasi (covering a period of 4 ghatikas before sunrise, if occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the first day)" } ], "kaala": "arunodaya", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Naraka Caturdaśī (Choti Diwali) 1971 falls on Sunday 17 October. Caturdaśī runs from 05:56 on Sun 17 Oct to 08:29 on Mon 18 Oct and covers 20 of 102 minutes of aruṇodaya that dawn. It also reaches the next dawn for 102 minutes; by the rule the first dawn is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/naraka-chaturdashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-10-17", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-17", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20295, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-17T05:55:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z", "ms": 56516140821.47957 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-18T08:28:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z", "ms": 56611738606.689445 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-17T05:55:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z", "ms": 56516140821.47957 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-18T08:28:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z", "ms": 56611738606.689445 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-16T23:29:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T20:29:26Z", "ms": 56492965642.9516 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-17T00:17:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-16T21:17:26Z", "ms": 56495845642.9516 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-17T23:29:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T20:29:13Z", "ms": 56579353203.347626 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-18T00:17:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T21:17:13Z", "ms": 56582233203.347626 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 05:56 on Sun 17 Oct to 08:29 on Mon 18 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-17T02:55:41Z → 1971-10-18T05:28:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:29–00:17 on the 16th, 23:29–00:17 on the 17th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 16th and 48 of 48 on the 17th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20295 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 17 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-17", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Sunday 17 October. Caturdaśī runs from 05:56 on Sun 17 Oct to 08:29 on Mon 18 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-10-17", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "festival": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "name": "Lakṣmī Pūjā", "everyday": "Diwali", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 23292, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1971-10-18T08:28:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z", "ms": 56611738606.689445 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-18T08:28:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z", "ms": 56611738606.689445 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-18T17:28:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T14:28:24Z", "ms": 56644104412.191696 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-18T19:10:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T16:10:58Z", "ms": 56650258264.53938 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T17:27:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T14:27:07Z", "ms": 56730426954.064606 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-19T19:09:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T16:09:58Z", "ms": 56736598465.58519 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 08:29 on Mon 18 Oct to 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z → 1971-10-19T07:58:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:28–19:11 on the 18th, 17:27–19:10 on the 19th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 18th and 0 of 103 on the 19th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 23292 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Lakṣmī Pūjā, Mosul, 1971: Monday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "diwali-lakshmi-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Lakṣmī Pūjā (Diwali) 1971 falls on Monday 18 October. Amāvasyā runs from 08:29 on Mon 18 Oct to 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/diwali-lakshmi-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/kali-puja", "festival": "kali-puja", "name": "Kālī Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-18", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29505, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 29, "key": "amavasya", "name": "Amāvasyā", "start": { "local": "1971-10-18T08:28:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z", "ms": 56611738606.689445 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 }, "month": { "amanta": 6, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Āśvina", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-18T08:28:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z", "ms": 56611738606.689445 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-17", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-17T23:29:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T20:29:13Z", "ms": 56579353203.347626 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-18T00:17:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-17T21:17:13Z", "ms": 56582233203.347626 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-18", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-18T23:29:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T20:29:01Z", "ms": 56665741358.495514 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-19T00:17:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-18T21:17:01Z", "ms": 56668621358.495514 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Amāvasyā runs from 08:29 on Mon 18 Oct to 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-18T05:28:59Z → 1971-10-19T07:58:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:29–00:17 on the 17th, 23:29–00:17 on the 18th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Amāvasyā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 17th and 48 of 48 on the 18th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29505 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kālī Pūjā, Mosul, 1971: Monday 18 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "K 30 Kali puja (nisithavyapini), Dipavali or Diwali (pradosa), Mahalaksmipuja (pradosa)" } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-18", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kālī Pūjā 1971 falls on Monday 18 October. Amāvasyā runs from 08:29 on Mon 18 Oct to 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/kali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/govardhana-puja", "festival": "govardhana-puja", "name": "Govardhana Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1767, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T13:21:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T10:21:17Z", "ms": 56802076925.0346 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T13:21:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T10:21:17Z", "ms": 56802076925.0346 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T11:28:23+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T08:28:23Z", "ms": 56708902629.43197 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-19T12:16:23+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T09:16:23Z", "ms": 56711782629.43197 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-20T11:28:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T08:28:12Z", "ms": 56795291837.474976 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T12:16:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T09:16:12Z", "ms": 56798171837.474976 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "purvaviddha", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct to 13:21 on Wed 20 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z → 1971-10-20T10:21:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:28–12:16 on the 19th, 11:28–12:16 on the 20th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 48 of 48 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both middays qualify. Pūrvaviddhā: the first is taken.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → purvaviddha · margin 1767 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Govardhana Pūjā, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "govardhana-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Govardhana Pūjā 1971 falls on Tuesday 19 October. Pratipadā runs from 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct to 13:21 on Wed 20 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday. It also reaches the next midday for 48 minutes; by the rule the first midday is taken.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/govardhana-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/bali-puja", "festival": "bali-puja", "name": "Bali Pūjā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-19", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 14673, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T13:21:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T10:21:17Z", "ms": 56802076925.0346 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T13:21:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T10:21:17Z", "ms": 56802076925.0346 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T17:27:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T14:27:07Z", "ms": 56730426954.064606 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-19T19:09:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T16:09:58Z", "ms": 56736598465.58519 } }, "covered_min": 103, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-20T17:25:50+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T14:25:50Z", "ms": 56816750384.480965 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T19:08:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T16:08:59Z", "ms": 56822939484.08908 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 103, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct to 13:21 on Wed 20 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z → 1971-10-20T10:21:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:27–19:10 on the 19th, 17:26–19:09 on the 20th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 103 of 103 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 103 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 14673 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Bali Pūjā, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 19 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "bali-puja", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-19", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Bali Pūjā 1971 falls on Tuesday 19 October. Pratipadā runs from 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct to 13:21 on Wed 20 Oct and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/bali-puja", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/dyuta-pratipad", "festival": "dyuta-pratipad", "name": "Dyūta Pratipad", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-20", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3488, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 0, "key": "pratipada", "name": "Pratipadā", "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T13:21:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T10:21:17Z", "ms": 56802076925.0346 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:58:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z", "ms": 56707135444.04531 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T13:21:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T10:21:17Z", "ms": 56802076925.0346 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-19", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-19T06:17:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T03:17:38Z", "ms": 56690258304.79933 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-19T10:00:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-19T07:00:48Z", "ms": 56703647854.55442 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 223, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-20T06:18:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T03:18:33Z", "ms": 56776713290.46899 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T10:00:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T07:00:59Z", "ms": 56790058988.47298 } }, "covered_min": 222, "window_min": 222, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pratipadā runs from 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct to 13:21 on Wed 20 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-19T07:58:55Z → 1971-10-20T10:21:17Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:18–10:01 on the 19th, 06:19–10:01 on the 20th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pratipadā must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 223 minutes on the 19th and 222 of 222 on the 20th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 3488 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dyūta Pratipad, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 20 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dyuta-pratipad", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 1 Govardhana puja, Annakuta [purvaviddha], Balidaityaraja puja (pradosa), Dyuta pratipad (purvahna)." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-20", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Dyūta Pratipad 1971 falls on Wednesday 20 October. Pratipadā runs from 10:59 on Tue 19 Oct to 13:21 on Wed 20 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/dyuta-pratipad", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/yama-dvitiya", "festival": "yama-dvitiya", "name": "Yama Dvitīyā", "everyday": "Bhai Dooj", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3905, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 1, "key": "dvitiya", "name": "Dvitīyā", "start": { "local": "1971-10-20T13:21:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T10:21:17Z", "ms": 56802076925.0346 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-21T15:32:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-21T12:32:31Z", "ms": 56896351292.96186 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-20T13:21:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T10:21:17Z", "ms": 56802076925.0346 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-21T15:32:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-21T12:32:31Z", "ms": 56896351292.96186 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-20T11:28:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T08:28:12Z", "ms": 56795291837.474976 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-20T12:16:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-20T09:16:12Z", "ms": 56798171837.474976 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-21T11:28:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-21T08:28:02Z", "ms": 56881681682.32345 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-21T12:16:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-21T09:16:02Z", "ms": 56884561682.32345 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvitīyā runs from 13:21 on Wed 20 Oct to 15:33 on Thu 21 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-20T10:21:17Z → 1971-10-21T12:32:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:28–12:16 on the 20th, 11:28–12:16 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvitīyā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 3905 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Yama Dvitīyā, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 21 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "yama-dvitiya", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 2 Bhratrdvitiya, Yamadvitiya (madhyahna, purvaviddha), Masyadhara (Dwat) puja (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Yama Dvitīyā (Bhai Dooj) 1971 falls on Thursday 21 October. Dvitīyā runs from 13:21 on Wed 20 Oct to 15:33 on Thu 21 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/yama-dvitiya", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/naga-chaturthi", "festival": "naga-chaturthi", "name": "Nāga Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18786, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-22T17:28:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-22T14:28:58Z", "ms": 56989737943.44485 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-23T19:06:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-23T16:06:10Z", "ms": 57081969990.898094 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-22T17:28:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-22T14:28:58Z", "ms": 56989737943.44485 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-23T19:06:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-23T16:06:10Z", "ms": 57081969990.898094 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-22T11:27:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-22T08:27:52Z", "ms": 56968072176.87783 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-22T12:15:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-22T09:15:52Z", "ms": 56970952176.87783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-23T11:27:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-23T08:27:43Z", "ms": 57054463333.6483 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-23T12:15:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-23T09:15:43Z", "ms": 57057343333.6483 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:29 on Fri 22 Oct to 19:06 on Sat 23 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-22T14:28:58Z → 1971-10-23T16:06:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:28–12:16 on the 22nd, 11:28–12:16 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 18786 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 4 Naga caturthi (paraviddha and madhyahnavyapini)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nāga Caturthī 1971 falls on Saturday 23 October. Caturthī runs from 17:29 on Fri 22 Oct to 19:06 on Sat 23 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/naga-chaturthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-10-23", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 18786, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-22T17:28:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-22T14:28:58Z", "ms": 56989737943.44485 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-23T19:06:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-23T16:06:10Z", "ms": 57081969990.898094 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-22T17:28:58+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-22T14:28:58Z", "ms": 56989737943.44485 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-23T19:06:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-23T16:06:10Z", "ms": 57081969990.898094 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-22T11:27:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-22T08:27:52Z", "ms": 56968072176.87783 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-22T12:15:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-22T09:15:52Z", "ms": 56970952176.87783 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-23T11:27:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-23T08:27:43Z", "ms": 57054463333.6483 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-23T12:15:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-23T09:15:43Z", "ms": 57057343333.6483 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 17:29 on Fri 22 Oct to 19:06 on Sat 23 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-22T14:28:58Z → 1971-10-23T16:06:10Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:28–12:16 on the 22nd, 11:28–12:16 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 48 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 18786 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 23 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Saturday 23 October. Caturthī runs from 17:29 on Fri 22 Oct to 19:06 on Sat 23 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-10-23", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/surya-shashthi", "festival": "surya-shashthi", "name": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī", "everyday": "Chhath", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-25", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 28989, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-24T20:18:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-24T17:18:44Z", "ms": 57172724044.36198 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-25T21:00:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-25T18:00:43Z", "ms": 57261642806.23889 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-24T20:18:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-24T17:18:44Z", "ms": 57172724044.36198 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-25T21:00:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-25T18:00:43Z", "ms": 57261642806.23889 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-24T11:27:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-24T08:27:35Z", "ms": 57140855164.81711 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-24T12:15:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-24T09:15:35Z", "ms": 57143735164.81711 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-25T11:27:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-25T08:27:28Z", "ms": 57227247682.31563 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-25T12:15:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-25T09:15:28Z", "ms": 57230127682.31563 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:19 on Sun 24 Oct to 21:01 on Mon 25 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-24T17:18:44Z → 1971-10-25T18:00:43Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:28–12:16 on the 24th, 11:27–12:15 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 48 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 28989 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 25 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "surya-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Nadi sasthi, Skanda sasthi (Madras), Surya sasthi, Chhat (Bihar)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-25", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Sūrya Ṣaṣṭhī (Chhath) 1971 falls on Monday 25 October. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 20:19 on Sun 24 Oct to 21:01 on Mon 25 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/surya-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/gopashtami", "festival": "gopashtami", "name": "Gopāṣṭamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-27", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29777, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 7, "key": "ashtami", "name": "Aṣṭamī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-26T21:06:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-26T18:06:26Z", "ms": 57348385631.154724 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-27T20:31:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T17:31:32Z", "ms": 57432691904.78428 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-26T21:06:26+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-26T18:06:26Z", "ms": 57348385631.154724 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-27T20:31:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T17:31:32Z", "ms": 57432691904.78428 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-26", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-26T11:27:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-26T08:27:21Z", "ms": 57313640897.91954 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-26T12:15:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-26T09:15:21Z", "ms": 57316520897.91954 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-27T11:27:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T08:27:15Z", "ms": 57400034823.37302 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-27T12:15:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T09:15:15Z", "ms": 57402914823.37302 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Aṣṭamī runs from 21:06 on Tue 26 Oct to 20:32 on Wed 27 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-26T18:06:26Z → 1971-10-27T17:31:32Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:27–12:15 on the 26th, 11:27–12:15 on the 27th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 29777 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Gopāṣṭamī, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 27 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "gopashtami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-27", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Gopāṣṭamī 1971 falls on Wednesday 27 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:06 on Tue 26 Oct to 20:32 on Wed 27 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/gopashtami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/akshaya-navami", "festival": "akshaya-navami", "name": "Akṣaya Navamī", "everyday": "Amla Navami", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 33069, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-27T20:31:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T17:31:32Z", "ms": 57432691904.78428 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-28T19:13:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-28T16:13:57Z", "ms": 57514437436.77321 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-27T20:31:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T17:31:32Z", "ms": 57432691904.78428 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-28T19:13:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-28T16:13:57Z", "ms": 57514437436.77321 } }, "kaala": "purvahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-27T06:25:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T03:25:08Z", "ms": 57381907861.35011 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-27T10:02:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T07:02:33Z", "ms": 57394952502.698715 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 217, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-28T06:26:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-28T03:26:06Z", "ms": 57468365534.54104 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-28T10:02:48+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-28T07:02:48Z", "ms": 57481368158.54492 } }, "covered_min": 217, "window_min": 217, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 20:32 on Wed 27 Oct to 19:14 on Thu 28 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-27T17:31:32Z → 1971-10-28T16:13:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pūrvāhṇa is first 5 of 15 day muhūrtas: 06:25–10:03 on the 27th, 06:26–10:03 on the 28th.", "fact": "purvahna: day-muhurta-1-5 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during pūrvāhṇa. It covers 0 of 217 minutes on the 27th and 217 of 217 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one forenoon qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 33069 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akṣaya Navamī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akshaya-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "purvahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Akṣaya Navamī (Amla Navami) 1971 falls on Thursday 28 October. Navamī runs from 20:32 on Wed 27 Oct to 19:14 on Thu 28 Oct and covers all of pūrvāhṇa that forenoon.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/akshaya-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/durga-navami", "festival": "durga-navami", "name": "Durgā Navamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 25128, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 8, "key": "navami", "name": "Navamī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-27T20:31:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T17:31:32Z", "ms": 57432691904.78428 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-28T19:13:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-28T16:13:57Z", "ms": 57514437436.77321 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-27T20:31:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T17:31:32Z", "ms": 57432691904.78428 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-28T19:13:57+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-28T16:13:57Z", "ms": 57514437436.77321 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-27T11:27:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T08:27:15Z", "ms": 57400034823.37302 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-27T12:15:15+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-27T09:15:15Z", "ms": 57402914823.37302 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-28T11:27:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-28T08:27:09Z", "ms": 57486429470.54687 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-28T12:15:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-28T09:15:09Z", "ms": 57489309470.54687 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Navamī runs from 20:32 on Wed 27 Oct to 19:14 on Thu 28 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-27T17:31:32Z → 1971-10-28T16:13:57Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:27–12:15 on the 27th, 11:27–12:15 on the 28th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Navamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 27th and 48 of 48 on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 25128 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Durgā Navamī, Mosul, 1971: Thursday 28 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "durga-navami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 9 Aksaya navami (purvahnavyapini), Jagaddhatri puja (Bengal), (udayavyapini one muhurta), Anla navami (Orissa), Durga navami (purvaviddha), Gauri vrata." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Durgā Navamī 1971 falls on Thursday 28 October. Navamī runs from 20:32 on Wed 27 Oct to 19:14 on Thu 28 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/durga-navami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-10-30", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29324, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-29T17:14:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-29T14:14:28Z", "ms": 57593668200.6327 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-30T14:36:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-30T11:36:46Z", "ms": 57670606123.83607 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-29T17:14:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-29T14:14:28Z", "ms": 57593668200.6327 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-30T14:36:46+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-30T11:36:46Z", "ms": 57670606123.83607 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-29T06:27:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-29T03:27:04Z", "ms": 57554823511.51642 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-29T06:27:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-29T03:27:04Z", "ms": 57554823511.51642 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-10-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-30T06:28:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-30T03:28:02Z", "ms": 57641281784.74635 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-30T06:28:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-30T03:28:02Z", "ms": 57641281784.74635 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 17:14 on Fri 29 Oct to 14:37 on Sat 30 Oct.", "fact": "1971-10-29T14:14:28Z → 1971-10-30T11:36:46Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:27 on the 29th and 06:28 on the 30th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 29th and is on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29324 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Prabodhinī Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 30 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Prabodhinī Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Saturday 30 October. Ekādaśī runs from 17:14 on Fri 29 Oct to 14:37 on Sat 30 Oct and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-10-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-10-31", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-10-31", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 20744, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-10-31T11:27:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-31T08:27:12Z", "ms": 57745631815.9825 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-01T07:54:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-01T04:54:14Z", "ms": 57819254164.71343 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-10-31T11:27:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-31T08:27:12Z", "ms": 57745631815.9825 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-01T07:54:14+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-01T04:54:14Z", "ms": 57819254164.71343 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-10-31", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-10-31T17:12:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-31T14:12:55Z", "ms": 57766375386.39643 }, "end": { "local": "1971-10-31T18:59:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-10-31T15:59:12Z", "ms": 57772751893.99417 } }, "covered_min": 106, "window_min": 106, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-01T17:11:52+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-01T14:11:52Z", "ms": 57852711863.43859 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-01T18:58:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-01T15:58:25Z", "ms": 57859104723.92258 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 107, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 11:27 on Sun 31 Oct to 07:54 on Mon 1 Nov.", "fact": "1971-10-31T08:27:12Z → 1971-11-01T04:54:14Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:13–18:59 on the 31st, 17:12–18:58 on the 1st.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 106 of 106 minutes on the 31st and 0 of 107 on the 1st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 20744 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 31 October.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-10-31", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Sunday 31 October. Trayodaśī runs from 11:27 on Sun 31 Oct to 07:54 on Mon 1 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-10-31", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/kartiki-purnima", "festival": "kartiki-purnima", "name": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-02", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26338, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-11-02T04:07:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T01:07:56Z", "ms": 57892076046.9921 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-03T00:19:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T21:19:21Z", "ms": 57964761454.3843 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-02T04:07:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T01:07:56Z", "ms": 57892076046.9921 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-03T00:19:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T21:19:21Z", "ms": 57964761454.3843 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-02T11:26:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T08:26:54Z", "ms": 57918413978.306625 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-02T12:14:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T09:14:54Z", "ms": 57921293978.306625 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-11-03", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-03T11:26:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-03T08:26:53Z", "ms": 58004813231.12497 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-03T12:14:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-03T09:14:53Z", "ms": 58007693231.12497 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:08 on Tue 2 Nov to 00:19 on Wed 3 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-02T01:07:56Z → 1971-11-02T21:19:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:27–12:15 on the 2nd, 11:27–12:15 on the 3rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 2nd and 0 of 48 on the 3rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26338 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kārtikī Pūrṇimā, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "kartiki-purnima", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-02", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kārtikī Pūrṇimā 1971 falls on Tuesday 2 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:08 on Tue 2 Nov to 00:19 on Wed 3 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/kartiki-purnima", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/rasayatra", "festival": "rasayatra", "name": "Rāsayātrā", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-02", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "margin" ], "boundary_margin_s": 238, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-11-02T04:07:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T01:07:56Z", "ms": 57892076046.9921 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-03T00:19:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T21:19:21Z", "ms": 57964761454.3843 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 7, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Kārtika" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-02T04:07:56+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T01:07:56Z", "ms": 57892076046.9921 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-03T00:19:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T21:19:21Z", "ms": 57964761454.3843 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-01T23:27:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-01T20:27:25Z", "ms": 57875245090.25354 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-02T00:15:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-01T21:15:25Z", "ms": 57878125090.25354 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-11-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-02T23:27:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T20:27:24Z", "ms": 57961643676.01765 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-03T00:15:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-02T21:15:24Z", "ms": 57964523676.01765 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 04:08 on Tue 2 Nov to 00:19 on Wed 3 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-02T01:07:56Z → 1971-11-02T21:19:21Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:27–00:15 on the 1st, 23:27–00:15 on the 2nd.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 1st and 48 of 48 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 238 s < 300 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Rāsayātrā, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 2 November.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (margin)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "rasayatra", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Rasayatra, (nisithavyapini, i.e. covering a period from 24 minutes before to 24 minutes after midnight. If occurs on two days or does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the second day), Puskar Fair. Ratha yatra (Jain), Tripurotsava (evening), Kedara vrata (Orissa), Kartiki purnima." } ], "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-02", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-02", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Rāsayātrā 1971 falls on Tuesday 2 November. Pūrṇimā runs from 04:08 on Tue 2 Nov to 00:19 on Wed 3 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night. It is 3 min 58 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/rasayatra", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-11-05", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16249, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-05T14:35:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-05T11:35:05Z", "ms": 58188904755.4379 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-06T12:29:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-06T09:29:55Z", "ms": 58267794710.70963 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-05T14:35:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-05T11:35:05Z", "ms": 58188904755.4379 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-06T12:29:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-06T09:29:55Z", "ms": 58267794710.70963 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-05T19:05:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-05T16:05:54Z", "ms": 58205154217.776665 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-05T19:05:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-05T16:05:54Z", "ms": 58205154217.776665 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-11-06", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-06T20:10:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-06T17:10:11Z", "ms": 58295410820.63091 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-06T20:10:11+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-06T17:10:11Z", "ms": 58295410820.63091 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 14:35 on Fri 5 Nov to 12:30 on Sat 6 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-05T11:35:05Z → 1971-11-06T09:29:55Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 19:06 on the 5th and 20:10 on the 6th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is on the 5th and is not on the 6th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 16249 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Friday 5 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Friday 5 November. Caturthī runs from 14:35 on Fri 5 Nov to 12:30 on Sat 6 Nov and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-11-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-11-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Utpannā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 36611, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-12T16:51:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-12T13:51:13Z", "ms": 58801872940.470276 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-13T19:26:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-13T16:26:07Z", "ms": 58897566596.1397 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-12T16:51:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-12T13:51:13Z", "ms": 58801872940.470276 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-13T19:26:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-13T16:26:07Z", "ms": 58897566596.1397 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-12T06:41:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-12T03:41:02Z", "ms": 58765262432.28951 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-12T06:41:02+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-12T03:41:02Z", "ms": 58765262432.28951 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-11-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-13T06:42:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-13T03:42:04Z", "ms": 58851723713.00102 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-13T06:42:04+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-13T03:42:04Z", "ms": 58851723713.00102 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 16:51 on Fri 12 Nov to 19:26 on Sat 13 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-12T13:51:13Z → 1971-11-13T16:26:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:41 on the 12th and 06:42 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 36611 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Utpannā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Saturday 13 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Utpannā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Saturday 13 November. Ekādaśī runs from 16:51 on Fri 12 Nov to 19:26 on Sat 13 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-11-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-11-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 11559, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-14T22:02:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-14T19:02:47Z", "ms": 58993366859.78993 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-16T00:31:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-15T21:31:59Z", "ms": 59088719409.46659 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-14T22:02:47+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-14T19:02:47Z", "ms": 58993366859.78993 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-16T00:31:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-15T21:31:59Z", "ms": 59088719409.46659 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-14T17:00:17+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-14T14:00:17Z", "ms": 58975216836.727234 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-14T18:50:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-14T15:50:07Z", "ms": 58981807444.79955 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-15T16:59:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-15T13:59:35Z", "ms": 59061574558.6191 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-15T18:49:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-15T15:49:39Z", "ms": 59068178981.81626 } }, "covered_min": 110, "window_min": 110, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 22:03 on Sun 14 Nov to 00:32 on Tue 16 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-14T19:02:47Z → 1971-11-15T21:31:59Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 17:00–18:50 on the 14th, 17:00–18:50 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 110 minutes on the 14th and 110 of 110 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 11559 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Monday 15 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Monday 15 November. Trayodaśī runs from 22:03 on Sun 14 Nov to 00:32 on Tue 16 Nov and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-11-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-11-16", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-16", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 938, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-16T00:31:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-15T21:31:59Z", "ms": 59088719409.46659 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-17T02:47:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-16T23:47:31Z", "ms": 59183250735.99848 }, "month": { "amanta": 7, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Kārtika", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-16T00:31:59+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-15T21:31:59Z", "ms": 59088719409.46659 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-17T02:47:31+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-16T23:47:31Z", "ms": 59183250735.99848 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-15T23:28:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-15T20:28:21Z", "ms": 59084901145.60846 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-16T00:16:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-15T21:16:21Z", "ms": 59087781145.60846 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-11-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-16T23:28:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-16T20:28:32Z", "ms": 59171311517.70359 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-17T00:16:32+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-16T21:16:32Z", "ms": 59174191517.70359 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 00:32 on Tue 16 Nov to 02:48 on Wed 17 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-15T21:31:59Z → 1971-11-16T23:47:31Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:28–00:16 on the 15th, 23:29–00:17 on the 16th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 48 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 938 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 16 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-16", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Tuesday 16 November. Caturdaśī runs from 00:32 on Tue 16 Nov to 02:48 on Wed 17 Nov and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-11-16", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-11-21", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7966, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-21T08:41:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-21T05:41:55Z", "ms": 59550114930.00049 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-22T09:16:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-22T06:16:35Z", "ms": 59638595187.901665 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-21T08:41:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-21T05:41:55Z", "ms": 59550114930.00049 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-22T09:16:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-22T06:16:35Z", "ms": 59638595187.901665 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-21T11:29:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-21T08:29:06Z", "ms": 59560145516.54477 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-21T12:17:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-21T09:17:06Z", "ms": 59563025516.54477 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-22T11:29:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-22T08:29:21Z", "ms": 59646560900.878975 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-22T12:17:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-22T09:17:21Z", "ms": 59649440900.878975 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 08:42 on Sun 21 Nov to 09:17 on Mon 22 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-21T05:41:55Z → 1971-11-22T06:16:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:29–12:17 on the 21st, 11:29–12:17 on the 22nd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 7966 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 21 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Sunday 21 November. Caturthī runs from 08:42 on Sun 21 Nov to 09:17 on Mon 22 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-11-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "festival": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "name": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa)", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-22", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7447, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 4, "key": "panchami", "name": "Pañcamī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-22T09:16:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-22T06:16:35Z", "ms": 59638595187.901665 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-23T09:25:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T06:25:30Z", "ms": 59725530280.3295 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-22T09:16:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-22T06:16:35Z", "ms": 59638595187.901665 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-23T09:25:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T06:25:30Z", "ms": 59725530280.3295 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-22", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-22T11:29:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-22T08:29:21Z", "ms": 59646560900.878975 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-22T12:17:21+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-22T09:17:21Z", "ms": 59649440900.878975 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-23T11:29:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T08:29:37Z", "ms": 59732977074.28636 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-23T12:17:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T09:17:37Z", "ms": 59735857074.28636 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pañcamī runs from 09:17 on Mon 22 Nov to 09:26 on Tue 23 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-22T06:16:35Z → 1971-11-23T06:25:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:29–12:17 on the 22nd, 11:30–12:18 on the 23rd.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 22nd and 0 of 48 on the 23rd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7447 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa), Mosul, 1971: Monday 22 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "naga-panchami-margashirsha", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 5 Naga pancami (2nd) (paraviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-22", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Nāga Pañcamī (Mārgaśīrṣa) 1971 falls on Monday 22 November. Pañcamī runs from 09:17 on Mon 22 Nov to 09:26 on Tue 23 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/naga-panchami-margashirsha", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/champa-shashthi", "festival": "champa-shashthi", "name": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7447, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-23T09:25:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T06:25:30Z", "ms": 59725530280.3295 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-24T09:05:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T06:05:42Z", "ms": 59810742352.905365 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-23T09:25:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T06:25:30Z", "ms": 59725530280.3295 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-24T09:05:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T06:05:42Z", "ms": 59810742352.905365 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-23T11:29:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T08:29:37Z", "ms": 59732977074.28636 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-23T12:17:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T09:17:37Z", "ms": 59735857074.28636 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-24T11:29:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T08:29:54Z", "ms": 59819394022.39108 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-24T12:17:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T09:17:54Z", "ms": 59822274022.39108 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:26 on Tue 23 Nov to 09:06 on Wed 24 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-23T06:25:30Z → 1971-11-24T06:05:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 23rd, 11:30–12:18 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 7447 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Campā Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "champa-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "not_evaluated": "The row calls the day special with Śatabhiṣaj nakṣatra, Vyatīpāta yoga and a Sunday; none is tested.", "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Campā Ṣaṣṭhī 1971 falls on Tuesday 23 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:26 on Tue 23 Nov to 09:06 on Wed 24 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/champa-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/skanda-shashthi", "festival": "skanda-shashthi", "name": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-23", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 7447, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 5, "key": "shashthi", "name": "Ṣaṣṭhī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-23T09:25:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T06:25:30Z", "ms": 59725530280.3295 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-24T09:05:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T06:05:42Z", "ms": 59810742352.905365 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-23T09:25:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T06:25:30Z", "ms": 59725530280.3295 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-24T09:05:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T06:05:42Z", "ms": 59810742352.905365 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-23", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-23T11:29:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T08:29:37Z", "ms": 59732977074.28636 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-23T12:17:37+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-23T09:17:37Z", "ms": 59735857074.28636 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-24T11:29:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T08:29:54Z", "ms": 59819394022.39108 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-24T12:17:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T09:17:54Z", "ms": 59822274022.39108 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:26 on Tue 23 Nov to 09:06 on Wed 24 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-23T06:25:30Z → 1971-11-24T06:05:42Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 23rd, 11:30–12:18 on the 24th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ṣaṣṭhī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 23rd and 0 of 48 on the 24th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 7447 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 23 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "skanda-shashthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 6 Campa sasthi (Maharashtra) (paraviddha). (Special when combined with naksatra Satabhisaj, yoga Vyatipata and Sunday), Skanda sasthi (purvaviddha), Guha sasthi" } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-23", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Skanda Ṣaṣṭhī 1971 falls on Tuesday 23 November. Ṣaṣṭhī runs from 09:26 on Tue 23 Nov to 09:06 on Wed 24 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/skanda-shashthi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/mitra-saptami", "festival": "mitra-saptami", "name": "Mitra Saptamī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-24", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 8652, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 6, "key": "saptami", "name": "Saptamī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-24T09:05:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T06:05:42Z", "ms": 59810742352.905365 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-25T08:14:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-25T05:14:35Z", "ms": 59894074823.74971 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-24T09:05:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T06:05:42Z", "ms": 59810742352.905365 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-25T08:14:35+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-25T05:14:35Z", "ms": 59894074823.74971 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-24", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-24T11:29:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T08:29:54Z", "ms": 59819394022.39108 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-24T12:17:54+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-24T09:17:54Z", "ms": 59822274022.39108 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-11-25", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-25T11:30:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-25T08:30:12Z", "ms": 59905811730.34126 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-25T12:18:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-25T09:18:12Z", "ms": 59908691730.34126 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Saptamī runs from 09:06 on Wed 24 Nov to 08:15 on Thu 25 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-24T06:05:42Z → 1971-11-25T05:14:35Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:30–12:18 on the 24th, 11:30–12:18 on the 25th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 24th and 0 of 48 on the 25th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 8652 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mitra Saptamī, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 24 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "mitra-saptami", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 7 Mitra saptami (purvaviddha)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "purvaviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-24", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mitra Saptamī 1971 falls on Wednesday 24 November. Saptamī runs from 09:06 on Wed 24 Nov to 08:15 on Thu 25 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/mitra-saptami", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-11-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 16115, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-28T02:28:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-27T23:28:33Z", "ms": 60132513139.748505 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-28T23:37:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-28T20:37:53Z", "ms": 60208672670.146675 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-28T02:28:33+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-27T23:28:33Z", "ms": 60132513139.748505 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-28T23:37:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-28T20:37:53Z", "ms": 60208672670.146675 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-28T06:57:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-28T03:57:08Z", "ms": 60148627742.54831 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-28T06:57:08+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-28T03:57:08Z", "ms": 60148627742.54831 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-29T06:58:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T03:58:05Z", "ms": 60235085070.29427 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-29T06:58:05+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T03:58:05Z", "ms": 60235085070.29427 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 02:29 on Sun 28 Nov to 23:38 on Sun 28 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-27T23:28:33Z → 1971-11-28T20:37:53Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 06:57 on the 28th and 06:58 on the 29th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is on the 28th and is not on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 16115 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Mokṣadā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 28 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Mokṣadā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Sunday 28 November. Ekādaśī runs from 02:29 on Sun 28 Nov to 23:38 on Sun 28 Nov and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-11-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/akhanda-dvadashi", "festival": "akhanda-dvadashi", "name": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 29394, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 11, "key": "dvadashi", "name": "Dvādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-28T23:37:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-28T20:37:53Z", "ms": 60208672670.146675 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-29T20:29:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T17:29:24Z", "ms": 60283763592.56629 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-28T23:37:53+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-28T20:37:53Z", "ms": 60208672670.146675 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-29T20:29:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T17:29:24Z", "ms": 60283763592.56629 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-28T11:31:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-28T08:31:09Z", "ms": 60165069262.10031 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-28T12:19:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-28T09:19:09Z", "ms": 60167949262.10031 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-29T11:31:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T08:31:30Z", "ms": 60251489858.663635 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-29T12:19:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T09:19:30Z", "ms": 60254369858.663635 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Dvādaśī runs from 23:38 on Sun 28 Nov to 20:29 on Mon 29 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-28T20:37:53Z → 1971-11-29T17:29:24Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:31–12:19 on the 28th, 11:31–12:19 on the 29th.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Dvādaśī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 28th and 48 of 48 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 29394 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 29 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "akhanda-dvadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 12 Matsya dvadasi, Akhanda dvadasi (paraviddha), Vyanjana dvadasi & Dana dvadasi (Orissa)." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Akhaṇḍa Dvādaśī 1971 falls on Monday 29 November. Dvādaśī runs from 23:38 on Sun 28 Nov to 20:29 on Mon 29 Nov and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/akhanda-dvadashi", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-11-30", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-11-30", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 1140, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-11-29T20:29:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T17:29:24Z", "ms": 60283763592.56629 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-30T17:11:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-30T14:11:41Z", "ms": 60358300510.62195 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-11-29T20:29:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T17:29:24Z", "ms": 60283763592.56629 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-30T17:11:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-30T14:11:41Z", "ms": 60358300510.62195 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-11-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-29T16:52:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T13:52:55Z", "ms": 60270774647.033005 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-29T18:45:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-29T15:45:44Z", "ms": 60277543598.10905 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-11-30", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-11-30T16:52:41+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-30T13:52:41Z", "ms": 60357160500.62398 }, "end": { "local": "1971-11-30T18:45:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-11-30T15:45:39Z", "ms": 60363938811.21783 } }, "covered_min": 19, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 20:29 on Mon 29 Nov to 17:12 on Tue 30 Nov.", "fact": "1971-11-29T17:29:24Z → 1971-11-30T14:11:41Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:53–18:46 on the 29th, 16:53–18:46 on the 30th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 113 minutes on the 29th and 19 of 113 on the 30th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 1140 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 30 November.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-11-30", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Tuesday 30 November. Trayodaśī runs from 20:29 on Mon 29 Nov to 17:12 on Tue 30 Nov and covers 19 of 113 minutes of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-11-30", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/dattatreyotpatti", "festival": "dattatreyotpatti", "name": "Dattātreyotpatti", "everyday": "Datta Jayanti", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-12-01", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 10681, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 14, "key": "purnima", "name": "Pūrṇimā", "start": { "local": "1971-12-01T13:54:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-01T10:54:27Z", "ms": 60432867262.913605 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-02T10:48:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-02T07:48:07Z", "ms": 60508087060.054184 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 8, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-12-01T13:54:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-01T10:54:27Z", "ms": 60432867262.913605 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-02T10:48:07+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-02T07:48:07Z", "ms": 60508087060.054184 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-12-01", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-01T16:52:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-01T13:52:28Z", "ms": 60443548355.05496 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-01T18:45:36+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-01T15:45:36Z", "ms": 60450335664.81649 } }, "covered_min": 113, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-12-02", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-02T16:52:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-02T13:52:18Z", "ms": 60529938222.23612 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-02T18:45:34+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-02T15:45:34Z", "ms": 60536734163.533455 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 113, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Pūrṇimā runs from 13:54 on Wed 1 Dec to 10:48 on Thu 2 Dec.", "fact": "1971-12-01T10:54:27Z → 1971-12-02T07:48:07Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:52–18:46 on the 1st, 16:52–18:46 on the 2nd.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Pūrṇimā must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 113 of 113 minutes on the 1st and 0 of 113 on the 2nd.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 10681 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Dattātreyotpatti, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 1 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "dattatreyotpatti", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 104", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "S 15 Dattatreyotpatti (pradosa)." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-01", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Dattātreyotpatti (Datta Jayanti) 1971 falls on Wednesday 1 December. Pūrṇimā runs from 13:54 on Wed 1 Dec to 10:48 on Thu 2 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/dattatreyotpatti", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-12-05", "festival": "sankashta-chaturthi", "name": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-12-05", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 26706, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 18, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-12-05T04:16:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-05T01:16:13Z", "ms": 60743773414.75756 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-06T03:29:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-06T00:29:30Z", "ms": 60827370394.597305 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-12-05T04:16:13+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-05T01:16:13Z", "ms": 60743773414.75756 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-06T03:29:30+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-06T00:29:30Z", "ms": 60827370394.597305 } }, "kaala": "moonrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-12-04", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-04T18:56:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-04T15:56:10Z", "ms": 60710169782.520515 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-04T18:56:10+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-04T15:56:10Z", "ms": 60710169782.520515 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-12-05", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-05T20:04:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-05T17:04:24Z", "ms": 60800664024.440575 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-05T20:04:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-05T17:04:24Z", "ms": 60800664024.440575 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 04:16 on Sun 5 Dec to 03:30 on Mon 6 Dec.", "fact": "1971-12-05T01:16:13Z → 1971-12-06T00:29:30Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Moonrise is at 18:56 on the 4th and 20:04 on the 5th.", "fact": "moonrise: disc centre, 31′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be current at moonrise. It is not on the 4th and is on the 5th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one moonrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 26706 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Sunday 5 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "sankashta-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "not_evaluated": "It is called Aṅgāraka Caturthī when it falls on a Tuesday; the weekday is not tested.", "kaala": "moonrise", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-05", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saṅkaṣṭa Caturthī 1971 falls on Sunday 5 December. Caturthī runs from 04:16 on Sun 5 Dec to 03:30 on Mon 6 Dec and is current at moonrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/sankashta-chaturthi?on=1971-12-05", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-12-13", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Saphalā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-12-13", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 22029, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 25, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-12-12T13:16:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-12T10:16:27Z", "ms": 61380987404.933 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-13T15:45:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-13T12:45:44Z", "ms": 61476343943.42346 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-12-12T13:16:27+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-12T10:16:27Z", "ms": 61380987404.933 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-13T15:45:44+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-13T12:45:44Z", "ms": 61476343943.42346 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-12-12", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-12T07:09:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-12T04:09:18Z", "ms": 61358958055.85005 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-12T07:09:18+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-12T04:09:18Z", "ms": 61358958055.85005 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-12-13", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-13T07:10:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-13T04:10:03Z", "ms": 61445402617.298065 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-13T07:10:03+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-13T04:10:03Z", "ms": 61445402617.298065 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 13:16 on Sun 12 Dec to 15:46 on Mon 13 Dec.", "fact": "1971-12-12T10:16:27Z → 1971-12-13T12:45:44Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:09 on the 12th and 07:10 on the 13th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 12th and is on the 13th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 22029 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Saphalā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Monday 13 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-13", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-13", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Saphalā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Monday 13 December. Ekādaśī runs from 13:16 on Sun 12 Dec to 15:46 on Mon 13 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-12-13", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-12-15", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-12-15", "confidence": "boundary", "boundary_reasons": [ "tie-break-unstated" ], "boundary_margin_s": 2964, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 27, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-12-14T17:58:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-14T14:58:00Z", "ms": 61570679930.6356 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-15T19:46:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-15T16:46:38Z", "ms": 61663597796.69849 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-12-14T17:58:00+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-14T14:58:00Z", "ms": 61570679930.6356 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-15T19:46:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-15T16:46:38Z", "ms": 61663597796.69849 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-12-14", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-14T16:52:55+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-14T13:52:55Z", "ms": 61566775494.491066 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-14T18:47:24+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-14T15:47:24Z", "ms": 61573643810.464 } }, "covered_min": 49, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-15T16:53:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-15T13:53:12Z", "ms": 61653191700.75913 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-15T18:47:43+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-15T15:47:43Z", "ms": 61660063267.63043 } }, "covered_min": 115, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "greater-coverage", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 17:58 on Tue 14 Dec to 19:47 on Wed 15 Dec.", "fact": "1971-12-14T14:58:00Z → 1971-12-15T16:46:38Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:53–18:47 on the 14th, 16:53–18:48 on the 15th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 49 of 114 minutes on the 14th and 115 of 115 on the 15th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Both evenings qualify and the rule marks neither. The one covered longer is ruled, as a boundary.", "fact": "priority: unstated → greater-coverage · margin 2964 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: boundary (tie-break-unstated)" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-15", "confidence": "boundary" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-15", "confidence": "boundary" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Kṛṣṇa Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Wednesday 15 December. Trayodaśī runs from 17:58 on Tue 14 Dec to 19:47 on Wed 15 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening. It also reaches the previous evening for 49 minutes; the rule does not say which to take, and the one covered longer is ruled: treat the date as contested.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-12-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-12-15", "festival": "shivaratri", "name": "Śivarātri", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-12-15", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 9044, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 28, "key": "chaturdashi", "name": "Caturdaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-12-15T19:46:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-15T16:46:38Z", "ms": 61663597796.69849 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-16T21:08:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-16T18:08:25Z", "ms": 61754904632.39749 }, "month": { "amanta": 8, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Mārgaśīrṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-12-15T19:46:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-15T16:46:38Z", "ms": 61663597796.69849 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-16T21:08:25+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-16T18:08:25Z", "ms": 61754904632.39749 } }, "kaala": "nishita", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-12-15", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-15T23:38:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-15T20:38:40Z", "ms": 61677520076.526505 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-16T00:26:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-15T21:26:40Z", "ms": 61680400076.526505 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true }, { "local_date": "1971-12-16", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-16T23:39:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-16T20:39:09Z", "ms": 61763948735.873604 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-17T00:27:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-16T21:27:09Z", "ms": 61766828735.873604 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturdaśī runs from 19:47 on Wed 15 Dec to 21:08 on Thu 16 Dec.", "fact": "1971-12-15T16:46:38Z → 1971-12-16T18:08:25Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 23:39–00:27 on the 15th, 23:39–00:27 on the 16th.", "fact": "nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 15th and 0 of 48 on the 16th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one night qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 9044 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śivarātri, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 15 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "shivaratri", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The krsna caturdasi in each month is called 'Sivaratri'. The chief among them is that of Magha. The tithi must cover nisitha (or pradosa in some opinion)." } ], "not_evaluated": "The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.", "kaala": "nishita", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-15", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śivarātri 1971 falls on Wednesday 15 December. Caturdaśī runs from 19:47 on Wed 15 Dec to 21:08 on Thu 16 Dec and covers all of niśītha that night.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/shivaratri?on=1971-12-15", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-12-21", "festival": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "name": "Vināyaka Caturthī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-12-21", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 32687, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 3, "key": "chaturthi", "name": "Caturthī", "start": { "local": "1971-12-20T22:14:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-20T19:14:51Z", "ms": 62104491172.22124 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-21T21:34:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-21T18:34:06Z", "ms": 62188445709.51448 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-12-20T22:14:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-20T19:14:51Z", "ms": 62104491172.22124 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-21T21:34:06+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-21T18:34:06Z", "ms": 62188445709.51448 } }, "kaala": "madhyahna", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-12-20", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-20T11:40:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-20T08:40:49Z", "ms": 62066448749.29573 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-20T12:28:49+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-20T09:28:49Z", "ms": 62069328749.29573 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-12-21", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-21T11:41:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-21T08:41:19Z", "ms": 62152878986.0013 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-21T12:29:19+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-21T09:29:19Z", "ms": 62155758986.0013 } }, "covered_min": 48, "window_min": 48, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Caturthī runs from 22:15 on Mon 20 Dec to 21:34 on Tue 21 Dec.", "fact": "1971-12-20T19:14:51Z → 1971-12-21T18:34:06Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:41–12:29 on the 20th, 11:41–12:29 on the 21st.", "fact": "madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Caturthī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 20th and 48 of 48 on the 21st.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 32687 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Vināyaka Caturthī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 21 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "vinayaka-chaturthi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The sukla caturthi in each month is called Ganesa caturthi or Vinayaka caturthi. It is observed at madhyahna. The chief among them are caturthis of Bhadrapada and Magha. Similarly the krsna caturthi in each month is called Sankasta caturthi, to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at moonrise. It is called Angaraka caturthi if it falls on Tuesday." } ], "kaala": "madhyahna", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "second-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-21", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Vināyaka Caturthī 1971 falls on Tuesday 21 December. Caturthī runs from 22:15 on Mon 20 Dec to 21:34 on Tue 21 Dec and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/vinayaka-chaturthi?on=1971-12-21", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-12-28", "festival": "ekadashi", "name": "Putradā Ekādaśī", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-12-28", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 3927, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 10, "key": "ekadashi", "name": "Ekādaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-12-27T10:55:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-27T07:55:40Z", "ms": 62668540316.803505 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-28T08:23:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-28T05:23:39Z", "ms": 62745819113.32643 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-12-27T10:55:40+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-27T07:55:40Z", "ms": 62668540316.803505 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-28T08:23:39+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-28T05:23:39Z", "ms": 62745819113.32643 } }, "kaala": "sunrise", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-12-27", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-27T07:17:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-27T04:17:51Z", "ms": 62655471394.73076 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-27T07:17:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-27T04:17:51Z", "ms": 62655471394.73076 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-28T07:18:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-28T04:18:12Z", "ms": 62741892157.44502 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-28T07:18:12+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-28T04:18:12Z", "ms": 62741892157.44502 } }, "covered_min": 1, "window_min": 0, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Ekādaśī runs from 10:56 on Mon 27 Dec to 08:24 on Tue 28 Dec.", "fact": "1971-12-27T07:55:40Z → 1971-12-28T05:23:39Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Sunrise is at 07:18 on the 27th and 07:18 on the 28th.", "fact": "sunrise: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Ekādaśī must be current at sunrise. It is not on the 27th and is on the 28th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one sunrise qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 3927 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Putradā Ekādaśī, Mosul, 1971: Tuesday 28 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "ekadashi", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 105", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "The general rule prevalent in most part of India is that it is to be observed on the day when the tithi is current at sunrise. If it occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed on the second day. When does not occur on any day, it is to be observed on the day of the tithi, but widows and sannyasins would observe on the next-day." } ], "not_evaluated": "The next-day observance for widows and sannyāsins, the Bengal avoidance of an ekādaśī joined to daśamī, and the Vaiṣṇava aruṇodaya rule belong to other traditions and are not applied.", "kaala": "sunrise", "priority": "paraviddha", "when_absent": "tithi-day" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-28", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Putradā Ekādaśī 1971 falls on Tuesday 28 December. Ekādaśī runs from 10:56 on Mon 27 Dec to 08:24 on Tue 28 Dec and is current at sunrise that day.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/ekadashi?on=1971-12-28", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }, { "id": "/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-12-29", "festival": "pradosha-vrata", "name": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata", "tradition": "smarta", "place": "99072", "year": 1971, "local_date": "1971-12-29", "confidence": "determinate", "boundary_reasons": [], "boundary_margin_s": 30553, "anga": { "type": "tithi", "index": 12, "key": "trayodashi", "name": "Trayodaśī", "start": { "local": "1971-12-29T05:50:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-29T02:50:42Z", "ms": 62823041790.856544 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-30T03:23:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-30T00:23:51Z", "ms": 62900631164.048676 }, "month": { "amanta": 9, "purnimanta": 9, "adhika": false, "amanta_name": "Pauṣa", "purnimanta_name": "Pauṣa" } }, "span": { "of": "tithi", "start": { "local": "1971-12-29T05:50:42+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-29T02:50:42Z", "ms": 62823041790.856544 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-30T03:23:51+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-30T00:23:51Z", "ms": 62900631164.048676 } }, "kaala": "pradosha", "days": [ { "local_date": "1971-12-28", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-28T16:59:28+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-28T13:59:28Z", "ms": 62776768238.74648 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-28T18:54:01+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-28T15:54:01Z", "ms": 62783640614.79283 } }, "covered_min": 0, "window_min": 115, "qualifies": false }, { "local_date": "1971-12-29", "window": { "start": { "local": "1971-12-29T17:00:09+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-29T14:00:09Z", "ms": 62863208726.840614 }, "end": { "local": "1971-12-29T18:54:38+03:00", "utc": "1971-12-29T15:54:38Z", "ms": 62870077974.05966 } }, "covered_min": 114, "window_min": 114, "qualifies": true } ], "decided_by": "only-day", "explanation": [ { "step": "anga", "text": "Trayodaśī runs from 05:51 on Wed 29 Dec to 03:24 on Thu 30 Dec.", "fact": "1971-12-29T02:50:42Z → 1971-12-30T00:23:51Z" }, { "step": "kaala", "text": "Pradoṣa is 2 muhūrtas after sunset: 16:59–18:54 on the 28th, 17:00–18:55 on the 29th.", "fact": "pradosha: night-muhurta-1-2 · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′" }, { "step": "rule", "text": "Trayodaśī must be present during pradoṣa. It covers 0 of 115 minutes on the 28th and 114 of 114 on the 29th.", "fact": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 108" }, { "step": "tie_break", "text": "Only one evening qualifies. No tie-break is needed.", "fact": "priority: unstated → only-day · margin 30553 s" }, { "step": "ruling", "text": "Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata, Mosul, 1971: Wednesday 29 December.", "fact": "confidence: determinate" } ], "rule": { "kind": "lunar", "id": "pradosha-vrata", "references": [ { "text": "Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals", "locator": "p. 108", "url": "https://archive.org/details/calendar_reform_comittee_report", "quote": "Pradosa-vrata — The sukla and krsna trayodasi tithis of each month when cover the period of 'pradosa', are observed as Pradosa-vratas." } ], "kaala": "pradosha", "priority": "unstated", "when_absent": "unstated" }, "alternatives": [ { "kind": "profile", "profile": "classical@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-29", "confidence": "determinate" }, { "kind": "profile", "profile": "compat-drikpanchang@2026.1", "local_date": "1971-12-29", "confidence": "determinate" } ], "quote": "In Mosul, Śukla Pradoṣa Vrata 1971 falls on Wednesday 29 December. Trayodaśī runs from 05:51 on Wed 29 Dec to 03:24 on Thu 30 Dec and covers all of pradoṣa that evening.", "cite": "https://ahargana.org/mosul/festivals/1971/pradosha-vrata?on=1971-12-29", "method": "pac-rp@2026.1", "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } } ], "engine": { "version": "0.1.0", "ruleset": "2026.3-draft", "kernel": "de440-1900-2100", "kernel_sha256": "7eef444f9e5bd8786b8b5b72e775ecc376991b953a6246ec7a49d2c37434ea74", "tzdata": "2026f" } }