Ruling · Ṛṣi Pañcamī · 1909

Sunday 19 September

Determinatein Baoding, under the Rashtriya Panchang method. Clear of every threshold by 32 minutes.

Decide it for

BaodingDelhiKolkataSingaporeSydneyJersey City

38°52′ N 115°28′ E · Asia/Shanghai · GeoNames 1816971

The two middays

One ghaṭī is 24 minutes. Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday.

Midday of Sunday 19 September

Taken. The only midday Pañcamī reaches.

madhyāhna begins 11:48  12:36 madhyāhna ends
11:0011:2411:4812:1212:3613:0013:24

48 of 48 minutes covered

Midday of Monday 20 September

Pañcamī is absent from madhyāhna. Not taken.

madhyāhna begins 11:48  12:36 madhyāhna ends
Pañcamī ends 11:15:14
11:0011:2411:4812:1212:3613:0013:24

0 of 48 minutes covered

Pañcamī presentMadhyāhna, the window the rule readsThe instant the tithi begins or ends

How it was decided

  1. 01

    Aṅga

    Pañcamī runs from 09:02 on Sun 19 Sep to 11:15 on Mon 20 Sep.

    1909-09-19T01:02:14Z → 1909-09-20T03:15:15Z

  2. 02

    Kāla

    Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:48–12:36 on the 19th, 11:48–12:36 on the 20th.

    madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′

  3. 03

    Rule

    Pañcamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 48 of 48 minutes on the 19th and 0 of 48 on the 20th.

    Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103

  4. 04

    Tie-break

    Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.

    priority: disputed → only-day · margin 1936 s

  5. 05

    Ruling

    Ṛṣi Pañcamī, Baoding, 1909: Sunday 19 September.

    confidence: determinate

Say it like this

In Baoding, Ṛṣi Pañcamī 1909 falls on Sunday 19 September. Pañcamī runs from 09:02 on Sun 19 Sep to 11:15 on Mon 20 Sep and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.

ahargana.org/baoding/festivals/1909/rishi-panchami · pac-rp@2026.1

Who says what

AuthorityKindDate
Ahargaṇa, pac-rpThis rulingSun 19 Sep
Ahargaṇa, classicalDisc centre, no refractionSun 19 Sep
compat-drikpanchangComparison profileSun 19 Sep
No institution has a recorded ruling for Baoding.

Institutional rulings are recorded with a source address, and are never edited to agree.

The rule, as data

/rules/rishi-panchami · ruleset 2026.3-draft

Month
Bhādrapada, amānta
Pakṣa · aṅga
Śukla · Pañcamī
Kāla
Madhyāhna
Priority
Disputed
Tie-break
Longer coverage, as a boundary
Reference
CRC 1955, p. 103

“S 5 Rsi pancami (madhyahnavyapini) — If occurs on two successive days, it is to be observed according to Madhava on the 1st day and according to Hemadri and Divodasa on the 2nd day” Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 103.

The same rule, elsewhere

Twelve places, west to east. Local clock times.

PlacePañcamīMadhyāhna 19thCoveredMadhyāhna 20thCoveredRuled
Los Angeles17:02 → 19:1511:2348 min11:220 min19 Sep
Chicago19:02 → 21:1511:2048 min11:200 min19 Sep
Jersey City20:02 → 22:1511:2648 min11:250 min19 Sep
Port of Spain21:02 → 23:1511:3648 min11:360 min19 Sep
London01:02 → 03:1511:3048 min11:300 min19 Sep
Durban03:02 → 05:1511:2648 min11:260 min19 Sep
Dubai04:43 → 06:5611:3048 min11:290 min19 Sep
Delhi06:32 → 08:4511:5148 min11:510 min19 Sep
Kolkata06:32 → 08:4511:0648 min11:060 min19 Sep
Singapore08:02 → 10:1511:3548 min11:340 min19 Sep
Sydney11:02 → 13:1511:2648 min11:2548 min19 Sep
Suva12:57 → 15:1011:320 min11:3148 min20 Sep
Profile · tradition
pac-rp@2026.1 · smarta
Rule
rishi-panchami@2026.3-draft
Engine · kernel
0.1.0 · de440 7eef…ea74
Boundary margin
300 s

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