Day of Saturday 13 January
Taken. The transit falls in this day.
00:00 midnightmidnight 00:00
Sun enters Makara 23:57:04
23:3603:3607:3611:3615:3619:3623:36
Falls in this day
Ruling · Makara Saṅkrānti · 1945
Boundaryin Baoding, under the Rashtriya Panchang method. A threshold is only 2 min 55 s away. Say “contested”.
A tick is five ghaṭīs, two hours. The day is midnight to midnight on the place’s clock.
Day of Saturday 13 January
Taken. The transit falls in this day.
Falls in this day
Day of Sunday 14 January
The transit does not fall in this day. Not taken.
Does not fall in this day
Aṅga
The Sun enters Makara at 23:57 on Sat 13 Jan.
1945-01-13T14:57:05Z · nirayana, lahiri-iae1985
Kāla
The day is counted from midnight to midnight, on the clock of Baoding.
civil-day: midnight-to-midnight · Asia/Shanghai
Rule
The festival is kept on the day of the transit, the day counted from midnight. The transit falls on the 13th, not the 14th.
Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106
Tie-break
An instant falls in one day and no other. No tie-break is needed.
day counted from midnight → only-day · margin 175 s < 300 s
Ruling
Makara Saṅkrānti, Baoding, 1945: Saturday 13 January.
confidence: boundary (margin)
In Baoding, Makara Saṅkrānti 1945 falls on Saturday 13 January. The Sun enters Makara at 23:57 on Sat 13 Jan, and the rule counts the day from midnight. By the Tamil rule for the first day of a solar month, which gives a transit after sunset to the next day, it is 14 January. It is 2 min 55 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.
| Authority | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Ahargaṇa, pac-rp | This ruling | Sat 13 Jan |
| Ahargaṇa, classical | Disc centre, no refraction | Sat 13 Jan |
| compat-drikpanchang | Comparison profile | Sat 13 Jan |
| Counted from sunrise (the Orissa rule) | CRC 1955, p. 244 | Sat 13 Jan |
| Past sunset, the next day (the Tamil rule) | CRC 1955, p. 244 | Sun 14 Jan |
| No institution has a recorded ruling for Baoding. | ||
Institutional rulings are recorded with a source address, and are never edited to agree.
/rules/makara-sankranti · ruleset 2026.3-draft
“Makaradi — Makaradi snana, Magh Bihu (Assam), Tila samkranti, Pongal (S. India), Bhogi (S. India — on the day before Pongal), Mattu Pongal (S. India — on the day after Pongal).” Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106. “The following festivals are observed according to the day of Sun's transit into rasis (Ravi-samkramana). For this purpose the day has been taken to begin from midnight, i.e., when the samkramana takes place after midnight, the festival relating to the samkramana is to be observed on the following day.” Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 106.
Twelve places, west to east. Local clock times.
| Place | Sun enters Makara | Midnight 13th | Covered | Midnight 14th | Covered | Ruled |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Los Angeles | 07:57 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| Chicago | 09:57 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| Jersey City | 10:57 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| Port of Spain | 11:57 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| London | 15:57 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| Durban | 16:57 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| Dubai | 18:57 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| Delhi | 21:27 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| Kolkata | 21:27 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| Singapore | 23:57 | 00:00 | falls | 00:00 | no | 13 Jan |
| Sydney | 00:57 | 00:00 | no | 00:00 | falls | 14 Jan |
| Suva | 02:57 | 00:00 | no | 00:00 | falls | 14 Jan |