Ruling · Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) · 2023

Thursday 27 April

Determinatein Baoding, under the Rashtriya Panchang method. Clear of every threshold by 78 minutes.

Decide it for

BaodingDelhiKolkataSingaporeSydneyJersey City

38°52′ N 115°28′ E · Asia/Shanghai · GeoNames 1816971

The two middays

One ghaṭī is 24 minutes. Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday.

Midday of Wednesday 26 April

Saptamī is absent from madhyāhna. Not taken.

madhyāhna begins 11:52  12:40 madhyāhna ends
11:0411:2811:5212:1612:4013:0413:28

0 of 48 minutes covered

Midday of Thursday 27 April

Taken. The only midday Saptamī reaches.

madhyāhna begins 11:52  12:40 madhyāhna ends
11:0411:2811:5212:1612:4013:0413:28

48 of 48 minutes covered

Saptamī presentMadhyāhna, the window the rule readsThe instant the tithi begins or ends

How it was decided

  1. 01

    Aṅga

    Saptamī runs from 13:58 on Wed 26 Apr to 16:09 on Thu 27 Apr.

    2023-04-26T05:58:11Z → 2023-04-27T08:09:14Z

  2. 02

    Kāla

    Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:52–12:40 on the 26th, 11:52–12:40 on the 27th.

    madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′

  3. 03

    Rule

    Saptamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 26th and 48 of 48 on the 27th.

    Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102

  4. 04

    Tie-break

    Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.

    priority: purvaviddha → only-day · margin 4669 s

  5. 05

    Ruling

    Gaṅgotpatti, Baoding, 2023: Thursday 27 April.

    confidence: determinate

Say it like this

In Baoding, Gaṅgotpatti (Ganga Saptami) 2023 falls on Thursday 27 April. Saptamī runs from 13:58 on Wed 26 Apr to 16:09 on Thu 27 Apr and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.

ahargana.org/baoding/festivals/2023/gangotpatti · pac-rp@2026.1

Who says what

AuthorityKindDate
Ahargaṇa, pac-rpThis rulingThu 27 Apr
Ahargaṇa, classicalDisc centre, no refractionThu 27 Apr
compat-drikpanchangComparison profileThu 27 Apr
No institution has a recorded ruling for Baoding.

Institutional rulings are recorded with a source address, and are never edited to agree.

The rule, as data

/rules/gangotpatti · ruleset 2026.3-draft

Month
Vaiśākha, amānta
Pakṣa · aṅga
Śukla · Saptamī
Kāla
Madhyāhna
Priority
Pūrvaviddhā
Tie-break
First day
Reference
CRC 1955, p. 102

“S 7 Gangotpatti, (madhyahna vyapini, if occurs on two successive days, the first day is to be observed), Jahnu saptami, Sarkara saptami.” Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 102.

The same rule, elsewhere

Twelve places, west to east. Local clock times.

PlaceSaptamīMadhyāhna 26thCoveredMadhyāhna 27thCoveredRuled
Los Angeles22:58 → 01:0912:2748 min12:270 min26 Apr
Chicago00:58 → 03:0912:2548 min12:250 min26 Apr
Jersey City01:58 → 04:0912:3048 min12:300 min26 Apr
Port of Spain01:58 → 04:0911:4048 min11:400 min26 Apr
London06:58 → 09:0912:3548 min12:350 min26 Apr
Durban07:58 → 10:0911:3048 min11:290 min26 Apr
Dubai09:58 → 12:0911:5348 min11:5317 min26 Apr
Delhi11:28 → 13:3911:5548 min11:5548 min26 Apr
Kolkata11:28 → 13:3911:1130 min11:1048 min26 Apr
Singapore13:58 → 16:0912:390 min12:3848 min27 Apr
Sydney15:58 → 18:0911:290 min11:2948 min27 Apr
Suva17:58 → 20:0911:400 min11:4048 min27 Apr
Profile · tradition
pac-rp@2026.1 · smarta
Rule
gangotpatti@2026.3-draft
Engine · kernel
0.1.0 · de440 7eef…ea74
Boundary margin
300 s

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