Ruling · Gopāṣṭamī · 2031

Friday 21 November

Boundaryin Daqing, under the Rashtriya Panchang method. A threshold is only 3 min 54 s away. Say “contested”.

Decide it for

DaqingDelhiKolkataSingaporeSydneyJersey City

46°35′ N 125°00′ E · Asia/Shanghai · GeoNames 2037860

The two middays

One ghaṭī is 24 minutes. Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday.

Midday of Friday 21 November

Taken. The only midday Aṣṭamī reaches.

madhyāhna begins 11:01  11:49 madhyāhna ends
Aṣṭamī begins 11:45:35
10:1310:3711:0111:2511:4912:1312:37

4 of 48 minutes covered, the last 4

Midday of Saturday 22 November

Aṣṭamī is absent from madhyāhna. Not taken.

madhyāhna begins 11:02  11:50 madhyāhna ends
10:1410:3811:0211:2611:5012:1412:38

0 of 48 minutes covered

Aṣṭamī presentMadhyāhna, the window the rule readsThe instant the tithi begins or ends

How it was decided

  1. 01

    Aṅga

    Aṣṭamī runs from 11:46 on Fri 21 Nov to 09:49 on Sat 22 Nov.

    2031-11-21T03:45:36Z → 2031-11-22T01:49:16Z

  2. 02

    Kāla

    Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:01–11:49 on the 21st, 11:02–11:50 on the 22nd.

    madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′

  3. 03

    Rule

    Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 4 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 0 of 48 on the 22nd.

    Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104

  4. 04

    Tie-break

    Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.

    priority: unstated → only-day · margin 234 s < 300 s

  5. 05

    Ruling

    Gopāṣṭamī, Daqing, 2031: Friday 21 November.

    confidence: boundary (margin)

Say it like this

In Daqing, Gopāṣṭamī 2031 falls on Friday 21 November. Aṣṭamī runs from 11:46 on Fri 21 Nov to 09:49 on Sat 22 Nov and covers 4 of 48 minutes of madhyāhna that midday. It is 3 min 54 s from a threshold: treat the date as contested.

ahargana.org/daqing/festivals/2031/gopashtami · pac-rp@2026.1

Who says what

AuthorityKindDate
Ahargaṇa, pac-rpThis rulingFri 21 Nov
Ahargaṇa, classicalDisc centre, no refractionFri 21 Nov
compat-drikpanchangComparison profileFri 21 Nov
No institution has a recorded ruling for Daqing.

Institutional rulings are recorded with a source address, and are never edited to agree.

The rule, as data

/rules/gopashtami · ruleset 2026.3-draft

Month
Kārtika, amānta
Pakṣa · aṅga
Śukla · Aṣṭamī
Kāla
Madhyāhna
Priority
Unstated
Tie-break
Longer coverage, as a boundary
Reference
CRC 1955, p. 104

“S 8 Gopastami, Gosthastami.” Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104.

The same rule, elsewhere

Twelve places, west to east. Local clock times.

PlaceAṣṭamīMadhyāhna 21stCoveredMadhyāhna 22ndCoveredRuled
Los Angeles19:46 → 17:4911:1548 min11:150 min21 Nov
Chicago21:46 → 19:4911:1248 min11:130 min21 Nov
Jersey City22:46 → 20:4911:1848 min11:180 min21 Nov
Port of Spain23:46 → 21:4911:2848 min11:280 min21 Nov
London03:46 → 01:4911:2248 min11:220 min21 Nov
Durban05:46 → 03:4911:1848 min11:180 min21 Nov
Dubai07:46 → 05:4911:4048 min11:410 min21 Nov
Delhi09:16 → 07:1911:4348 min11:430 min21 Nov
Kolkata09:16 → 07:1910:5848 min10:580 min21 Nov
Singapore11:46 → 09:4912:2648 min12:270 min21 Nov
Sydney14:46 → 12:4912:170 min12:1732 min22 Nov
Suva15:46 → 13:4911:280 min11:2848 min22 Nov
Profile · tradition
pac-rp@2026.1 · smarta
Rule
gopashtami@2026.3-draft
Engine · kernel
0.1.0 · de440 7eef…ea74
Boundary margin
300 s

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