Ruling · Mahāśivarātri · 1908

Saturday 29 February

Boundaryin Luanda, under the Rashtriya Panchang method. Caturdaśī reaches niśītha on neither day and the rule does not say what then. Say “contested”.

Decide it for

LuandaDelhiKolkataSingaporeSydneyJersey City

8°50′ S 13°14′ E · Africa/Luanda · GeoNames 2240449

The two nights

One ghaṭī is 24 minutes. Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight.

Night of Saturday 29 February

Taken. Caturdaśī reaches neither night; this is the day it falls on.

niśītha begins 22:56  23:44 niśītha ends
22:0822:3222:5623:2023:4400:0800:32

0 of 48 minutes covered

Night of Sunday 1 March

Caturdaśī is absent from niśītha. Not taken.

niśītha begins 22:56  23:44 niśītha ends
Caturdaśī ends 22:25:40
22:0822:3222:5623:2023:4400:0800:32

0 of 48 minutes covered

Caturdaśī presentNiśītha, the window the rule readsThe instant the tithi begins or ends

How it was decided

  1. 01

    Aṅga

    Caturdaśī runs from 01:56 on Sun 1 Mar to 22:26 on Sun 1 Mar.

    1908-03-01T01:55:59Z → 1908-03-01T22:25:41Z

  2. 02

    Kāla

    Niśītha is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midnight: 22:56–23:44 on the 29th, 22:56–23:44 on the 1st.

    nishita: midnight-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′

  3. 03

    Rule

    Caturdaśī must be present during niśītha. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 29th and 0 of 48 on the 1st.

    Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105

  4. 04

    Tie-break

    Neither night qualifies. The day the tithi falls on is taken.

    priority: disputed → tithi-day · margin 1794 s

  5. 05

    Ruling

    Mahāśivarātri, Luanda, 1908: Saturday 29 February.

    confidence: boundary (absent-unstated)

Say it like this

In Luanda, Mahāśivarātri 1908 falls on Saturday 29 February. Caturdaśī runs from 01:56 on Sun 1 Mar to 22:26 on Sun 1 Mar, and reaches niśītha on neither day.

ahargana.org/luanda/festivals/1908/maha-shivaratri · pac-rp@2026.1

Who says what

AuthorityKindDate
Ahargaṇa, pac-rpThis rulingSat 29 Feb
Ahargaṇa, classicalDisc centre, no refractionSat 29 Feb
compat-drikpanchangComparison profileSat 29 Feb
No institution has a recorded ruling for Luanda.

Institutional rulings are recorded with a source address, and are never edited to agree.

The rule, as data

/rules/maha-shivaratri · ruleset 2026.3-draft

Month
Māgha, amānta
Pakṣa · aṅga
Kṛṣṇa · Caturdaśī
Kāla
Niśītha
Priority
Disputed
Tie-break
Longer coverage, as a boundary
Reference
CRC 1955, p. 105

“K 14 Mahasivaratri (nisithavyapini) — In some opinion it is to be observed on nisitha and in some opinion on pradosa. If occurs on two successive nisithas then according to Hemadri it is to be observed on the first day and according to Madhava, to be observed on the second day” Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 105. The alternative opinion that reads pradoṣa instead of niśītha is not evaluated.

The same rule, elsewhere

Twelve places, west to east. Local clock times.

PlaceCaturdaśīNiśītha 1stCoveredNiśītha 2ndCoveredRuled
Los Angeles17:56 → 14:2623:410 min23:410 min29 Feb
Chicago19:56 → 16:2623:390 min23:380 min29 Feb
Jersey City20:56 → 17:2623:440 min23:440 min29 Feb
Port of Spain21:56 → 18:2623:540 min23:540 min29 Feb
London01:56 → 22:2623:480 min23:480 min29 Feb
Durban03:56 → 00:2623:4541 min23:440 min1 Mar
Dubai05:37 → 02:0723:4848 min23:480 min1 Mar
Delhi07:26 → 03:5600:0948 min00:090 min1 Mar
Kolkata07:26 → 03:5623:2548 min23:250 min1 Mar
Singapore08:56 → 05:2623:5348 min23:530 min1 Mar
Sydney11:56 → 08:2623:4448 min23:440 min1 Mar
Suva13:51 → 10:2123:5048 min23:500 min1 Mar
Profile · tradition
pac-rp@2026.1 · smarta
Rule
maha-shivaratri@2026.3-draft
Engine · kernel
0.1.0 · de440 7eef…ea74
Boundary margin
300 s

About Ahargaṇa