Ruling · Mahāṣṭamī (Durgāṣṭamī) · 2023

Sunday 22 October

Determinatein Ujjain, under the Rashtriya Panchang method. Clear of every threshold by 444 minutes.

Decide it for

UjjainDelhiKolkataSingaporeSydneyJersey City

23°11′ N 75°47′ E · Asia/Kolkata · GeoNames 1253914

The two middays

One ghaṭī is 24 minutes. Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday.

Midday of Saturday 21 October

Aṣṭamī is absent from madhyāhna. Not taken.

madhyāhna begins 11:47  12:35 madhyāhna ends
10:5911:2311:4712:1112:3512:5913:23

0 of 48 minutes covered

Midday of Sunday 22 October

Taken. The only midday Aṣṭamī reaches.

madhyāhna begins 11:47  12:35 madhyāhna ends
10:5911:2311:4712:1112:3512:5913:23

48 of 48 minutes covered

Aṣṭamī presentMadhyāhna, the window the rule readsThe instant the tithi begins or ends

How it was decided

  1. 01

    Aṅga

    Aṣṭamī runs from 21:54 on Sat 21 Oct to 20:00 on Sun 22 Oct.

    2023-10-21T16:23:54Z → 2023-10-22T14:29:37Z

  2. 02

    Kāla

    Madhyāhna is 1 ghaṭikā either side of midday: 11:47–12:35 on the 21st, 11:47–12:35 on the 22nd.

    madhyahna: midday-pm-1-ghatika · sunrise and sunset: upper limb, 31′ + 16′

  3. 03

    Rule

    Aṣṭamī must be present during madhyāhna. It covers 0 of 48 minutes on the 21st and 48 of 48 on the 22nd.

    Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104

  4. 04

    Tie-break

    Only one midday qualifies. No tie-break is needed.

    priority: paraviddha → only-day · margin 26659 s

  5. 05

    Ruling

    Mahāṣṭamī, Ujjain, 2023: Sunday 22 October.

    confidence: determinate

Say it like this

In Ujjain, Mahāṣṭamī (Durga Ashtami) 2023 falls on Sunday 22 October. Aṣṭamī runs from 21:54 on Sat 21 Oct to 20:00 on Sun 22 Oct and covers all of madhyāhna that midday.

ahargana.org/ujjain/festivals/2023/mahashtami · pac-rp@2026.1

Who says what

AuthorityKindDate
Ahargaṇa, pac-rpThis rulingSun 22 Oct
Ahargaṇa, classicalDisc centre, no refractionSun 22 Oct
compat-drikpanchangComparison profileSun 22 Oct
Rashtriya PanchangPrincipal festivals, 2023-24Sun 22 Oct

Institutional rulings are recorded with a source address, and are never edited to agree.

The rule, as data

/rules/mahashtami · ruleset 2026.3-draft

Month
Āśvina, amānta
Pakṣa · aṅga
Śukla · Aṣṭamī
Kāla
Madhyāhna
Priority
Paraviddhā
Tie-break
Second day
Reference
CRC 1955, p. 104

“S 8 Mahastami (paraviddha)” Calendar Reform Committee 1955, General Rules for Religious Festivals, p. 104.

The same rule, elsewhere

Twelve places, west to east. Local clock times.

PlaceAṣṭamīMadhyāhna 21stCoveredMadhyāhna 22ndCoveredRuled
Los Angeles09:24 → 07:3012:1348 min12:130 min21 Oct
Chicago11:24 → 09:3012:1148 min12:110 min21 Oct
Jersey City12:24 → 10:3012:1741 min12:170 min21 Oct
Port of Spain12:24 → 10:3011:270 min11:260 min22 Oct
London17:24 → 15:3012:210 min12:2148 min22 Oct
Durban18:24 → 16:3011:170 min11:1748 min22 Oct
Dubai20:24 → 18:3011:390 min11:3948 min22 Oct
Delhi21:54 → 20:0011:420 min11:4148 min22 Oct
Kolkata21:54 → 20:0010:570 min10:5748 min22 Oct
Singapore00:24 → 22:3012:250 min12:2548 min22 Oct
Sydney03:24 → 01:3012:160 min12:1648 min22 Oct
Suva04:24 → 02:3011:270 min11:2748 min22 Oct
Profile · tradition
pac-rp@2026.1 · smarta
Rule
mahashtami@2026.3-draft
Engine · kernel
0.1.0 · de440 7eef…ea74
Boundary margin
300 s